第五章 結論與建議
5.2 建議
1. 研究後續若要深入探討，建議可再增加鍛燒步驟，更強化TiO2與 銀之結合，且一般奈米粉體經過鍛燒更容易產生團聚現象，與經 過鍛燒但分散良好之TiO2/Ag再進行比較，可更明顯辨別分散之優 劣程度。
2. 當在可測得或得知物體表面電性下，便可利用控制表面電性差異 特性，將TiO2均勻披覆於其它擔體，如金屬網或可測得表面電性 之物種上，使其有良好分散性，拓展其應用範圍。
3. 未來可推廣應用於全時效性醫療抗菌，銀本身抗菌效果極佳，利 用高效能之高分散TiO2/Ag複合物不但可殺除細菌，當TiO2照光時 還能將其分解，但相關之滅菌測試需再進一步研究。
4. 奈米光觸媒在反應完成後，普遍存在回收困難，或使水體濁度提 高，而造成二次污染的問題，可針對此問題，研究利用電性相異 特性，回收懸浮TiO2之溶液。
第六章 參考文獻
Alberici, R. M. and Jardim, W. F.; “Photocatalytic destruction of VOCs in the gas-phase using titanium dioxide”, Applied Catalysis B:
Environmental, Vol. 14, 55-48 (1997).
Armor, J.N., “Environmental catalysis” Appl. Catalysis B: Environmental, Volume 1, Issue 4, Pages 221-256(1992)
Benjamin, M.M.;” water chemistry” 1sted, McGraw-Hill (2002)
Cordero, T.; Chovelon, J.M.; Duchamp, C.; Ferronato, C. and Matos, J.;
“Surface nano-aggregation and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 on H-type activated carbons” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Volume 73, Issues 3-4, Pages 227-235(2007)
Fujishima, A. and Honda, K.; “Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode”, Nature, Vol. 238, 37-38 (1972).
Fujishima, A.; Rao, T. N. and Tryk, D.A.; “Titanium dioxide photocatalysis”, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C:
Photochemistry Reviews, Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 1-21(2000)
Hager, S.; Bauer, R.;”Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of organics for air purification by near UV irradiated titanium dioxide” J.
CHEMOSPHERE Vol 38 (7): 1549-1559 (1999)
Hashimoto, K., Wasada, K., Osaki, M., Shono, E., Adachi, K., Toukai, N., Kominami, H., Kera, Y., “Photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxide over titania–zeolite composite catalyst to remove nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere”, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 30, 429-436 (2001)
Herrmann, M., Tahiri, H., Ait-Ichou, Y., Lassaletta, G., Gonza’lez-Elipe, A.R. and Ferna’ndez, A., “Characterization and photocatalytic activity in aqueous medium of TiO2 and Ag- TiO2 coatings on quartz”, J.- Appl. Catal. B 13, p. 219(1997)
Hoffmann, M.R.; Martin, S.T.; Choi, W.; and Bahnemannt, D.W.; ” Environmental Applications of Semiconductor Photocatalysis,”Chem.
Rev., 95, 69-96(1995)
Hunter, R.J.; "Zeta potential in colloid science : principles and applications" London, Academic Press,Colloids science(1981)
Hunter, R.J.; "Foundations of colloid science" Oxford, Clarendon Press,Oxford science publications(1989)
Kamegawa, T., Takeuchi, R., Matsuoka M. and Anpo M., “Photocatalytic oxidation of CO with various oxidants by Mo oxide species highly dispersed on SiO2 at 293 K”, Catalysis Today, Volume 111, Issues 3-4, Pages 248-253(2006)
Key F.S. and Maass G., ”Ion, Atoms and Charged Particles ” www.silver-colloids.com/Papers/papers.html, Silver colloids (2001) Kim, FH, Ogata, A., Futamura, S. ”Effect of different catalysts on the
decomposition of VOCS using flow-type plasma-driven catalysis”IEEE T PLASMA SCI 34 (3): 984-995 Part 3 (2006)
Kormann, C.; Bahnemann, D.W.; Hoffmann, M.R.; “Photolysis of chloroform and other organic molecules in aqueous TiO2 suspensions
“ Environ Sci Technol, 25: 494-500(1991)
Linsebiger A L, Lu G Q, John T Y. “ Photocatalysis on TiO2 Surfaces
(3) :735 - 758 (1995)
Matthews, R.W.; "Photooxidation of organic impurities in water using thin films of titanium dioxide" J. Phys. Chem.; 91(12) pp 3328 - 3333 (1987)
Moonsiri, M.; Rangsunvigit, P.; Chavadej, S.; Gulari, E. “Effects of Pt and Ag on the photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol and its by-products”,Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 97, Issues 2-3, Pages 241-248 (2004)
Ohno T., Sarukawa K., and Matsumura M., ”Crystal Faces of Rutile and Anatase TiO2 Particles and Their Roles in Photocatalytic Reactions”，New. J. Chem., Chemistry, 26, 1167-1170(2002)
Phillips, L.A.; Raupp, G.B., “Infrared spectroscopic investigation of gas-solid heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene” Journal of Molecular Catalysis, Vol.77, Issue 3, Pages 297-311 (1992)
Pourbaix, M.; “Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions”. 2nd Edition. Houston, TX, USA: National Association of Corrosion Engineers, p384 - 398. (1974)
Peral J. and Ollis. D.F. "Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of gas-phase organics for air purification: Acetone, 1-butanol, butyraldehyde, formaldehyde, and m-xylene oxidation" Journal of Catalysis, Volume 136, Issue 2, Pages 554-565 (1992)
Raupp G.B. and Junio T.C.. "Photocatalytic oxidation of oxygenated air toxics" Applied Surface Science, Vol.72, Issue 4, pp 321-327 (1993) Sang, B.K. and Sung, C.H. ”Kinetic study for photocatalytic degradation
of volatile organic compounds in air using thin film TiO2 photocatalyst”, Applied Catalysis B: Envirnomental, 35, 305-315 (2002)
Sen, U.; Mahanty,S.; Roy,S.; Heintz,O.; Bourgeois S. and Chaumont D., ”Investigation on sol–gel synthesized Ag-doped TiO2 cermet thin films,Thin Solid Films”, Vol. 474, Issues 1-2, Pages 245-249(2005) Shaw, S.J.;"Introduction to colloid and surface chemistry" 4th edition,
Butterworth - Heinemann(1992)
Shen, J.; Shan, W.; Zhang, Y.; Du, J.; Xu, H.; Fan, K.; Shen, W.; Tang, Y.;
“Gas-phase selective oxidation of alcohols: In situ electrolytic nano-silver/zeolite film/copper grid catalyst”Journal of Catalysis, Volume 237, Issue 1, Pages 94-101 (2006)
Vorontsov, A.V., Savinov, E.N., Barannik, G.B., Troitsky, V.N., Parmon, V.N., “Quantitative studies on the heterogeneous gas-phase photooxidation of CO and simple VOCs by air over TiO2”, Catalysis Today, Vol. 39, 207-218 (1997)
Yu, J.; Xiong, J.; Cheng, B.; Liu, S.; ”Fabrication and characterization of Ag–TiO2 multiphase nanocomposite thin films with enhanced photocatalytic activity”, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 60,211–221 (2005)
Yu, H.; Zhang, K.; and Rossi, C.; ”Theoretical study on photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs using nano-TiO2 photocatalyst” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, Volume 188, Issue 1, Pages 65-73 (2007)
titanium dioxide photocatalyst”Catalysis Communications, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 684-687(2005)
Zhang, L.; Yu, J.C.; Yip, H. Y.; Li, Q.; Kwong, K. W.; Xu, A.W. and Wong P.K., ”Ambient Light Reduction Strategy to Synthesize Silver Nanoparticles and Silver-Coated TiO2 with Enhanced Photocatalytic and Bactericidal Activities”, Langmuir, 19, pp 10372 – 10380(2003) Zhao J. and Yang X., “Photocatalytic oxidation for indoor air purification:
a literature review”Building and Environment, Volume 38, Issue 5, May 2003, Pages 645-654(2003)
Zuo, G.M.; Cheng, Z.X.; Chen, H.; Li G.W. and Miao Ti.,” Study on photocatalytic degradation of several volatile organic compounds”
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 128, Issues 2-3, Pages 158-163(2006)
高濂、鄭珊、張青紅，“奈米光觸媒” 五南(2004)
高濂、孫靜、劉陽橋，"奈米粉體的分散及表面改性/Nano powder dispersion and surface modification" 五南(2005)
林俊一，”反應工程學(化工動力學)” 文京(1988)
王世敏、許祖勛、傅晶，”奈米材料原理與製備/Nanomaterial science and processing technology” 五南(2004)
施周、張文輝，”環境奈米技術/Nano Technology for Environment Protection” 五南(2006)
楊雅葳，交通大學環境工程研究所“以氮摻雜之改質二氧化鈦探討觸 媒性質與光催化效率之相關性＂ (2003)
曾郁茗，交通大學環境工程研究所“以含氮氣体於常溫常壓電漿輔助 程序製造可見光及紫外光觸媒研究＂(2005)
行政院環境保護署，「特性行業揮發性有機物污染檢測及污染物特性 計畫書」，EPA-91FA12-03-A220(2002)
張書豪,張木彬,「科學園區空氣污染排放特性之探討」，國立中央大學 環境工程學刊，第六期，215(1999)
白曛綾,賴慶智,林育旨,康育豪,李谷蘭,曾映棠,劉政彰,陳建志,張國財, 劉惠綺,楊德志，「新竹科學園區半導體及光電製造業空氣污染防 制設施績效提升輔導」，國科會科學工業園區管理局(2001)
蘇茂豐，「國內半導體製造業及光電業之產業現況、製程廢棄污染來 源與排放特性」，經濟部環境技術 e 報，第三期 (2003)
林育旨、白曛綾、張豐堂, “半導體及光電產業現行揮發性有機廢氣 控制設備之選用評估＂, 工業污染防治季刊 (2004)
附錄 ㄧ
XRD-JCPDS 標準圖譜
附錄 二
XPS 標準圖譜
附錄 三
銅、銀之物化特性
圖：銀之Pourbaix 熱力學平衡氧化物種圖(Pourbaix,1974)
圖：銅之 Pourbaix 熱力學平衡氧化物種圖(Pourbaix,1974)
表：Ag 與 Cu 之物化特性
項目/metal Ag Cu
特性 吸附氧氣，釋出銀離子，殺菌 空軌域，捕捉電子，殺菌 應用 殺菌，有機物分解 可見光，殺菌，有機物分解
屬性 貴重金屬 過渡金屬
可填充最低軌域 5s4d5p 4s3d4p
氧化態 +1，+2 +1，+2
導電度 6.3 ×107 S/m 5.8 ×107 S/m 電阻率(20 ℃) 1.59×10-6 歐‧米 1.7241×10-6 歐‧米
標準還原電位 0.76mV 0.337mV
熱導度 418 W/m‧s(100℃)
熔點( ℃) 909 900
表面能(mJ/m2) 1140 1750
藥品級成本 120NT/g 12.8NT/g