振幅-持續時間關係

一般地震之頻率-大小關係符合冪次關係(power law)，(Ishimoto and Iida, 1939；

Gutenberg and Richter, 1954)。而火山區域之長微震之振幅與持續時間關係則較符合指數 關係(exponential law)，而不符合冪次關係(Aki and Koyanagi, 1981；Benoit et al., 2003)。

這樣的差異反應出一般地震與火山長微震之震源過程之差異︰一般地震的規模越大，震 源(斷層面上可累積應力之 asperity)大小增加; 而火山的長微震源的大小則不隨其振幅 變化，為固定源區(如︰岩漿通道)，當固定震源受到較大的壓力擾動時，隨即釋放出較 多能量，形成較大的地震(Benoit et al., 2003)。Watanabe et al. (2007)曾檢驗日本非火山長 微震波形RMS 振幅與持續時間關係，發現其亦遵循指數關係。表示非火山長微震的震

0.9072 與 0.9274)，均大於冪次模型之 R 平方值(0.6316 與 0.6371)，表示不論是觸發型 或自發型長微震均較遵循指數關係(圖 5.4.4)。但觸發型長微震指數模型之斜率 0.054 較

圖5.4.4，觸發型與自發型長微震之振幅與持續時間關係。(a)-(c)分別為自發型長微震之 振幅-持續時間關係之指數模型、冪次模型，以及其濾波 2-8 Hz 與 RMS(root-mean-square) 波形；(d)-(f)為觸發型長微震之振幅-持續時間關係之指數模型、冪次模型，以及其濾波 2-8Hz 波形與對應之 RMS 值。

第六章 結論

附錄一 長微震目錄

2009  1  17  60001  60601 120.91 23.07 19.3  0  0.58  2009  1  19  64201  64501 120.89 23.15 30.6  0.54  1.46  2009  1  21  21901  22501 120.92 23.07 25.0  0.35  0.63  2009  1  21  65701  66301 121.01 23.02 25.7  0  0.35  2009  1  24  33901  34201 120.89 23.10 27.0  0.57  1.02  2009  1  28  38401  39001 120.93 23.15 11.0  0.52  1.05  2009  1  31  47101  48301 120.92 23.02 22.1  0  0  2009  2  4  75301  76201 120.91 23.09 26.8  0  0.94  2009  2  14  80101  80701 120.87 23.00 29.0  0.35  2.24  2009  2  18  69901  70501 120.91 23.18 31.0  0  1.07  2009  3  1  50401  50701 120.995 22.97 25.0  0.58  2.82  2009  3  1  51001  51601 120.89 23.15 26.7  0.47  1.08  2009  3  22  31501  31801 120.87 23.08 45.0  0.52  4.84  2009  4  24  71401  72001 120.89 23.07 23.0  0.47  1.19  2009  5  7  71101  71701 120.89 23.09 20.6  0.35  1.59  2009  5  20  70801  72001 120.91 23.07 22.8  0  0.52  2009  6  4  71101  72001 121  22.98 38.7  0  3.37  2009  6  7  71101  72001 120.9  23.02 23.0  0  1.80  2009  6  24  72901  73201 120.86 23.09 29.0  0.78  1.05  2009  6  29  60001  60601 120.92 23.00 26.0  0.94  1.82  2009  7  1  59701  60001 120.9  23.09 25.8  0  0.78  2009  7  2  64201  64501 120.91 23.28 33.8  0.52  4.91  2009  7  4  67801  69001 120.88 23.12 34.0  0.47  0.75  2009  7  9  76501  76801 121.02 23.32 38.4  7.47  11.5  2009  7  18  64801  65401 120.91 23.18 21.5  0.54  0.63  2009  7  19  62701  63301 120.91 23.17 21.0  0.57  0.94  2009  7  19  64501  65101 120.83 23.16 2.2  2.55  0.70  2009  7  31  44401  44701 120.88 23.03 27.0  0.57  2.64  2009  8  2  72301  72901 120.91 23.15 5.0  0.35  0.35  2009  8  4  74101  75601 120.89 23.07 20.4  0.57  0.63  2009  8  29  63901  64201 120.975 22.89 45.0  1.85  4.97 

年 月 日 2009  9  1  71701  72301 120.91 23.08 6.0  0.54  0.54  2009  9  3  76501  76801 120.89 23.02 18.5  0.47  1.08  2009  9  16  71101  71401 120.89 23.07 30.5  0.47  0.35  2009  9  16  71701  72001 120.89 23.07 30.5  0  0  2009  9  26  62101  62701 120.99 23.12 33.6  0.78  1.26  2009  9  27  27001  27301 120.9  23.11 45.0  1.92  1.39  2009  9  27  31201  31501 120.93 23.01 45.0  1.18  1.80  2009  10  14  75001  76801 120.89 23.08 26.9  0.54  2.12  2009  11  14  66301  66901 120.97 23.02 38.0  0.54  0.35  2009  11  14  74401  75001 120.985 23.00 42.2  0.58  1.05  2009  11  15  75601  76201 120.99 23.16 29.8  0.78  2.17  2009  12  10  69301  69901 120.84 23.09 19.0  0.52  2.87  2009  12  12  75601  75901 120.92 23.29 5.0  4.28  1.85  2009  12  13  76201  76801 120.89 23.12 23.0  0.47  1.59  2009  12  25  54601  55201 120.99 22.98 33.1  0.35  1.07  2009  12  25  74101  74701 120.895 23.08 24.5  0.58  0.78  2009  12  26  69001  69901 120.87 23.07 29.0  0.47  0.35  2009  12  29  72601  73801 120.89 23.06 24.7  0.7  4.55  2009  12  31  31801  32401 120.9  23.17 14.0  0.54  0.35  2010  1  2  40801  41101 120.92 23.07 25.0  2.11  1.05  2010  1  13  76501  77401 120.91 22.92 31.6  0.52  1.43  2010  1  18  42901  43501 120.99 23.04 31.8  0.70  5.03  2010  1  24  80401  80701 120.855 23.05 31.0  1.02  5.31  2010  1  26  78001  78601 120.9  23.18 36.7  0.82  2.96  2010  1  27  76501  77101 120.9  23.17 18.3  0.57  0.54  2010  2  7  71101  72301 120.91 23.04 23.9  0.63  2.93  2010  2  15  79801  81001 120.89 23.02 28.7  0  0.35  2010  2  19  45601  46201 120.87 23.01 27.9  1.05  0.75  2010  2  19  46501  46801 120.91 23.05 31.0  0  0.7  2010  2  28  41701  42001 120.91 22.975 24.7  0.57  1.15  2010  3  6  51901  52201 120.9  23.05 23.2  0.35  0.52  2010  3  9  58501  59401 120.9  23.06 23.0  0.52  2.41  2010  3  10  66901  68101 120.89 23.12 25.5  0  1.22  2010  3  11  77101  78001 120.89 23.06 23.1  0.35  2.72 

年 月 日 2010  3  12  70801  72001 120.89 23.06 26.9  0.47  0.74  2010  3  13  75901  77101 120.91 23.06 22.3  0.7  1.59  2010  3  14  72601  73201 120.89 23.06 20.5  0.35  0.78  2010  3  20  79501  80101 120.84 23.00 27.0  0.54  2.44  2010  3  28  75001  76501 120.9  23.04 28.0  0  0.35  2010  4  4  75901  76501 121.03 23.01 12.8  0.54  0.35  2010  4  6  57301  58501 120.91 23.05 25.7  0.54  0.47  2010  4  6  69601  70201 120.92 23.12 38.8  0.47  0.78  2010  4  9  70201  70801 120.87 23.16 33.3  1.67  6.86  2010  4  9  72901  73501 120.89 23.02 24.2  0.35  1.57  2010  4  11  76501  77701 120.88 23.16 21.6  0.78  2.28  2010  4  14  76801  77401 120.9  23.035 23.9  0.35  1.74  2010  4  17  73501  74701 120.9  23.06 25.3  0.75  2.41  2010  4  17  76501  77101 121  22.95 27.0  0.54  1.72  2010  4  19  56401  57901 120.92 22.99 28.8  0.47  3.06  2010  4  21  62401  63001 120.88 23.09 21.4  0  0.94  2010  4  21  63601  63901 121  23.01 28.8  0.35  0.63  2010  5  6  51001  51601 120.86 23.11 26.4  0.35  1.74  2010  5  7  62101  63001 120.93 23.03 17.5  0.57  0.58  2010  5  10  70501  70801 120.97 23.03 37.0  0.35  0.63  2010  5  11  68701  69601 120.9  23.16 6.0  0  0.54  2010  5  14  38101  38701 120.88 23.06 25  0.57  2.44  2010  5  16  49801  51301 120.91 23.10 28.6  0.47  0.82  2010  5  18  66601  66901 120.93 23.07 33.2  0.52  0.75  2010  5  21  62401  63601 120.89 23.06 24.8  0.35  0  2010  5  24  68101  69301 120.89 23.07 22.9  0  1.39  2010  5  25  69901  70201 120.89 23.08 23.7  0  0.35  2010  6  5  61501  62101 120.89 23.03 30.3  0.78  1.57  2010  6  6  62101  62701 120.925 23.05 24.6  1.36  1.18  2010  6  7  66001  66901 120.87 23.07 23.0  0.7  2.31  2010  6  9  57001  58201 120.91 23.075 25.4  0  0.58  2010  6  10  71401  72901 120.91 23.04 26.4  0  0.70  2010  6  14  81001  81601 120.92 22.82 44.7  0.54  0  2010  6  24  77701  78301 120.92 22.97 29.0  0  1.31 

年 月 日 2010  6  26  82501  83101 120.855 23.16 21.3  0.91  1.94  2010  7  4  67801  69001 120.91 23.17 41.6  0.47  1.05  2010  7  18  64801  65401 120.91 23.16 21.0  0.78  1.30  2010  7  19  62401  63301 120.9  23.17 19.7  0  0.97  2010  8  2  53101  54001 120.91 23.06 24.4  0  0.54  2010  8  7  76801  78001 120.915 23.01 19.7  0.58  2.63  2010  8  8  69901  70501 120.94 23.11 27.0  1.50  2.33  2010  8  10  33901  34201 120.895 23.05 11.0  0.58  2.98  2010  8  22  78901  79801 120.9  23.065 25.8  0  0.58  2010  8  24  75901  76201 120.82 23.09 16.6  0.75  1.19  2010  8  27  82201  83101 120.89 23.08 25.6  0.54  0.82  2010  9  2  50701  51301 120.87 23.08 21.0  0.54  1.75  2010  9  6  75301  75901 120.92 23.02 34.0  0.47  4.85  2010  9  10  39901  40501 120.89 23.07 21.4  0.74  1.74  2010  9  23  78001  78301 120.92 22.88 28.0  0.67  2.89  2010  10  4  71101  71701 120.94 23.06 25.0  1.28  1.74  2010  10  8  78001  78901 120.88 23.08 39.0  0.91  3.26  2010  10  10  42601  43801 120.91 23.00 23.6  0.35  0.88  2010  11  7  37501  38401 120.92 22.89 26.5  0.47  4.29  2010  11  22  36901  37201 120.91 23.07 26.5  0.54  0.70  2010  12  2  71401  71701 120.91 23.11 28.8  0.57  0.57   

   

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