• 沒有找到結果。

第五章 結論與展望

5.2 未來展望

本研究是利用網版印刷網印電致色變薄膜,良好網印電致色變薄膜 有兩個重要參數,一個是網版印刷製程參數(離版間距、刮刀速度與刮刀 壓力等),另一個是漿料調配,因此歸納出以下建議:

1. 調配不同固含量網版印刷漿料,找出最佳電致色變性質

2. 嘗試不同黏結劑如羧乙基纖維素、丙烯類樹酯,改變氧化鎢薄膜 微結構,提升電致色變性質

3. 網版印刷氧化鎢薄膜,可縮短薄膜沉積所需的大量時間,與須特 定圖形氧化鎢薄膜,網印不同線寬與不同圖形,找出可印最小線 寬,與不同圖形解析度,可擴大網版印刷應用於氧化鎢薄膜應用。

88

參考文獻

1. http://web2.moeaboe.gov.tw/ECW/Policy/EnergyMeeting/defalult.htm 2. 鄭耕哲, ”電致色變智慧型節能窗之特性與發展現況”, 工業材料雜

誌,290 期 ,pp.102-109(2011)

3. http://windows.lbl.gov/comm_perf/Electrochromic/ec_tech.html 4. 內政部營建署,“建築節能法規解說”, (1998)

5. http://www.zh-kv.com/Kaivo/Products.asp?ID=25

6. C.G. Granqvist , A. Azens, J. Isidorsson, M. Kharrazi, L. Kullman, T.

Lindstrtm,G.A. Niklasson, C.G. Ribbing, D. RiSnnow, M. Strmme Mattsson, M. Veszelei, “Towards the smart window: progress in electrochromics”, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids , Vol. 218 , PP.273-279 (1997)

7. J. Livage, D.Ganguli, ” Sol-gel electrochromic coatings and devices:A review”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol. 68, PP. 365-381 (2001)

8. S.K. Deb, “A Novel Electrophotographic system”, Appl.optics, Suppl.,Vol.

3, PP. 192 (1969)

9. K.S. Bae, U. Cha, Y.J. Lee, Y.K. Moon, H.C. Choi, J.H. Kim, C.-J. Yu,”

Single pixel transmissive and reflective liquid crystal display using broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film”, Optics Express, Vol. 19, PP.

8291-8296 (2011)

10. R.M. Osuna, V. Hernndez, J.T. Navarrete, E. Kauppinen, V. Ruiz, ” Ultrafast and High-Contrast Electrochromism on Bendable Transparent Carbon Nanotube Electrodes”, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., Vol. 1, PP.

1367–1371 (2010)

89

11. K. Bange, "Colouration of tungsten oxide films: A model for optically active coatings", Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol. 58, PP. 1-131 (1999)

12. H. Huanga, J. Tiana, W. K. Zhanga, Y. P. Gana, "Electrochromic properties of porous NiO thin film as a counter electrode for NiO /WO3 complementary electrochromic window", Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 56, PP.4281–4286 (2011)

13. http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%

E9%92%A8

14. K. Bange, "Colouration of tungsten oxide films: A model for optically active coatings", Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol. 58, PP. 1-131 (1999)

15. Muller, “U. Inorganic Structural Chemistry; John Wiley & Sons:

Chichester, U.K. (1993)

16. E. Khoo, P.S. Lee, J. Ma,"Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of WO3

nanorods for electrochromic application",Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 30, PP. 1139–1144 (2010)

17. B. W. Faughnan, R. S. Crandall, P. M. Heyman, "Electrochromism in WO3 Amorphous Films", RCA Review, Vol. 36, PP. 177-197 (1975)

18. J.M. Honig, in: S. Trasatti (Ed), Electrodes of Conductive Metallic Oxides, Elsevier, Amsterdam, (1980)

19. S. K. Deb, "Optical and Photoelectric Properties and Color Centers in Thin Films of Tungsten Oxide", Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 27, PP. 801-822 (1973)

20. A.K. Chawla, S. Singhal, H.O. Gupta, R. Chandra,” Effect of sputtering gas on structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide

90

films”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 517, PP. 1042-1046 (2008)

21. C. Trimble, M. DeVries, J.S. Hale1, D.W. Thompson, T.E. Tiwald, J.A.

Woollam, “Infrared emittance modulation devices using electrochromic crystalline tungsten oxide, polymer conductor, and nickel oxide”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 355, PP. 26 -34 (1999)

22. A. Subrahmanyam, A. Karuppasamy, “Optical and electrochromic properties of oxygen sputtered tungsten oxide (WO

3) thin film”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol 91, pp. 266 – 274 (2007)

23. S.A. Agnihotry, Rashmi, R. Ramchandran, S. Chandra, “Pre-existence of HxWO3 in e-beam deposited WO3 films”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol. 36, PP. 289 – 294 (1995)

24. J.L. Solisa, A. Hoel, V. Lantto, C.G. Granqvist, “Infrared spectroscopy study of electrochromic nanocrystalline tungsten oxide films made by reactive advanced gas deposition”, J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 89, PP. 2727 – 2732 (2001)

25. D. Gogova, L. K.Thomas, B. Camin, “Comparative study of gasochromic and electrochromic effect in thermally evaporated tungsten oxide thin films”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 517, PP. 3326-3331 (2009)

26. M. Deepa , A.K. Srivastava, S.N. Sharma, Govind, S.M. Shivaprasad, ” Microstructural and electrochromic properties of tungsten oxide thin films produced by surfactant mediated electrodeposition”, Applied Surface Science , Vol. 254, PP. 2342–2352 (2008)

27. 蔣孝撤,“溶膠凝膠製作與應用專輯”,化工,第 4 卷第 5 期,民 88 年,

pp. 12-15。

28. 陳慧英、黃定加、朱秦億,“溶膠凝膠法在製備薄膜上之應用”,化工 技術,第七卷第十一期,民 88 年,pp. 152-166。

91

29. N. Sharma, M. Deepa, P. Varshney, S.A. Agnihotry, ” FTIR and absorption edge studies on tungsten oxide based precursor materials synthesized by sol–gel technique”, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 306, PP. 129–137 (2002)

30. M. Regragui, M. Addou, A. Outzourhit, J.C. BerneAde, E.E. Idrissi,E.

Benseddik, A. Kachouane, ” Preparation and characterization of pyrolytic spray deposited electrochromic tungsten trioxide films”, Thin Solid Films ,Vol. 358, PP.40-45 (2000)

31. W. Cheng, E. Baudrin, B. Dunna, J.I. Zink, ” Synthesis and electrochromic properties of mesoporous tungsten oxide”, J. Mater. Chem., Vol. 11 PP.

92-97 (2001).

32. Z.A.E.P. Vroon and C.I.M.A. Spee, “Sol-gel coating on large area glass sheets for electrochromic device, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol.

218”, PP. 189-195 (1997)

33. K.D. Lee, “Preparation and electrochromic properties of WO

3 coating deposited by the sol-gel method”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol. 57, PP. 21-30 (1999)

34. A. Cremonesi, D. Bersani, P.P. Lottici, Y. Djaoued, P.V. Ashrit, “ WO

3 thin films by sol-gel for electrochromic applications, Journal of

Non-Crystalline Solids”, Vol. 345, PP. 500-504 (2004)

35. V. Stanid, A.C. Pierre, T. H. Etsell, R.J. Mikula, “Preparation of tungsten sulfides by sol-gel processing”, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol.

220, PP. 58-62 (1997)

36. D. Isık , M. Ak , C. Durucan, “Structural, electrochemical and optical

comparisons of tungsten oxide coatings derived from tungsten

92

powder-based sols”, Thin Solid Films ,Vol. 518, PP.104–111 (2009)

37. P.K. Biswas, N.C. Pramanik, M.K. Mahapatra, D. Ganguli, J. Livage,

“Optical and electrochromic properties of sol–gel WO3 films on

conducting glass, Materials Letters”, Vol. 57, PP. 4429 – 4432 (2003) 38. M. Deepa, D. P. Singh, S. M. Shivaprasad, S. A. Agnihotry, “A

comparison of electrochromic properties of sol–gel derived amorphous and nanocrystalline tungsten oxide films”, Current Applied Physics, Vol. 7, PP. 220-229 (2007)

39. M. Deepa, M. Kar, D.P. Singh, A.K. Srivastava, “Influence of polyethyleneglycol template on microstructure and electrochromic

properties of tungsten oxide”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol.

92, PP.170-178 (2008)

40. X. Sun , H. Cao, Z. Liu, J. Li,” Influence of annealing temperature on microstructure and optical properties of sol–gel derived tungsten oxide films” ,Applied Surface Science , Vol. 255, PP. 8629–8633 (2009 )

41. N.Naseri, R.Azimirad, O.Akhavan, "Improved electrochromical properties of sol–gel WO3 thin films by doping gold nanocrystals",Thin Solid Films, Vol. 518, PP.2250–2257 (2010)

42. M.Wang, G. Fang, L.Yuan, H.Huang, Z. Sun, N. Liu, S.Xia, X. Zhao,

“High optical switching speed and flexibleelectrochromic display based on WO3 nanoparticles with ZnO nanorod arrays supported electrode”,

Nanotechnology ,Vol. 20, PP. 2-6 (2009)

43. 劉致中, ”印刷電子產品應用市場發展現況”, 工業材料雜誌, 293 期, PP.140-145

44. A. Sridhar, R. R. Baumann, ”印刷式智能物件於物聯網之應用”, 工業材 料雜誌, 292 期, PP.101-108

93

45. L. N. Lewis, J. L. Spivack, S. Gasaway,E. D. Williams, J. Y. Gui, V.

Manivannan, O. P. Siclovan, “A novel UV-mediated low-temperature sinteringof TiO2 for dye-sensitized solar cells”, Solar Energy Materials &

Solar Cells, Vol. 90, PP.1041-1051 (2006)

46. C. A. Marquette, M. F. Lawrence, L. J. Blum, ” DNA Covalent Immobilization onto Screen-Printed Electrode Networks for Direct Label-Free Hybridization Detection of p53 Sequences”, American Chemical Society, Vol. 78, pp. 959-964 (2006)

47. J. P. Coleman, A.T. Lynch, P. Madhukar, J. H. Wagenknecht, “Printed, Flexible electrochromic displays using interdigitated electrodes”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol. 56, PP. 395-418 (1999)

48. R. S. Khadayate, R. B. Waghulde, “Ethanol vapour sensing properties of screen printed WO3 thick films”, Bull. Mater. Sci. , Vol. 30, PP.129-133 (2007)

49. A.C. Arias, J. D. MacKenzie, I. McCulloch, “Materials and Applications for Large Area Electronics: Solution-Based Approaches”, American Chemical Society, Vol.110, PP. 3-24

50. N.Sharma, M.Deepa, P.V arshney, S.A.Agnihotry, “FTIR investigations of tungsten oxide electrochromic films derived from organically modified peroxotungstic acid precursors”, Thin Solid Films Vol. 401, PP.45–51 (2001)

51. J. Livage, G. Guzman, “Aqueous precursors for electrochromic tungsten oxide hydrates”, Solid State Ionics, Vol. 84, PP.205-2 11( 1996)

52. M. Deepa, T.K. Saxena, D.P. Singh, K.N. Sood, S.A. Agnihotry, “Spin coated versus dip coated electrochromic tungsten oxide films:Structure, morphology, optical and electrochemical properties”, Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 51, PP. 1974–1989 (2006)

94

53. K. Huang, J. Jia, Q. Pan, F. Yang, D. He, ” Optical, electrochemical and structural properties of long-term cycled tungsten oxide films prepared by sol–gel”, Physica B, Vol. 396 , PP.164–168 (2007)

54. P.V. Ashrit, G. Bader, Vo-Van Truong, “Electrochromic properties of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide thin films”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 320, PP.

324-328 (1998)

55. C.G. Granqvist, Handbook of Inorganic Electrochromic Material, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995

相關文件