第五章 討論
第五節 研究限制
本研究環境中家戶樣本數及採樣次數較少，由於採樣時間須 24 小 時，以致大多家戶參與意願不高。且由於採樣採家戶採樣點是以固定點 方式，可代表室內環境 BTEX 濃度，恐無法代表個人每天實際暴露量，
尚須進一步瞭解個人活動時間與空間之分布。另外，被動式採樣器較易 受氣象條件之影響，尤其在室外環境之採樣。另外 2 年研究對象之比較，
大都不相同，可能造成前、後結果比較上之困難。不過此 2 年均為當地 民眾自由參加，且當地民眾流動率較低，並不會影響暴露 BTEX 之濃度 差異。
第六章、結論與建議 第一節、結論
1. 高暴露組居民尿中 t,t-MA 之濃度最高 76.9μg/g cre.，低暴露 47.8μ g/g cre.，對照組則為 48.8μg/g cre.，經性別、年齡及其它變項控制後 高暴露組明顯高於對照組。且 96 年度各組別間皆明顯高於 95 年之 t,t-MA 之濃度。
2. 高暴露組居民室內空氣中 TVOC 之濃度為 31.65ppb、對照組
18.30ppb，高暴露組室外濃度則為 3.81ppb、對照組 2.07ppb，無論暴 露組或對照組室內環境空氣中 BTEX 濃度明顯高於室外，但高暴露組 與對照組室內、外環境 BTEX 濃度並無顯著性差異。另外，在室內為 環境中以廚房 BTEX 濃度較高，客廳濃度最低。
3. 在環境採樣對象中，高暴露組與對照組尿中 t,t-MA 之濃度無統計上 之差異。與其室內空氣中苯濃度之相關性分別為 0.56 與 0.87，但無 顯著性之相關。
4. 本研究所建立之中科附近住戶室內、外空氣中 BTEX 濃度及居民尿中 苯代謝物 t,t-MA 之濃度資料，可做為中部科學工業園區台中基地營 運背景之參考資料。
第二節、建議
1. 中科營運過程中必須長時間追蹤空氣污染之相關資料，藉此評估附近 居民之暴露程度，以及建立其它氣象、交通密度及工廠污染源排放等 背景資料，釐清污染物來源。儘早建立附近居民之相關健康指標，用 以評估排放之污染物濃度對身體健康使否造成威脅。
2. 中科管理局除須定期針對工廠進行污染物濃度排放管制及監控外，定 期提出相關報告外，亦與附近居民建立溝通平台，降低資訊不對等及 相關之抗爭。
3. 在高暴露組只有甲苯無論室內、外濃度皆高於對照組，且室內 BTEX 濃度之相關矩陣中，高暴露組相較於對照組可知甲苯與苯、乙苯、
TVOCs 之相關性皆較差，顯示高暴露組甲苯濃度易受外在環境之影 響。
4. 本研究為持續追蹤中科附近民眾暴露 BTEX 濃度與其代謝之研究，可 進一步整合其他研究報告，作為長期建立附近居民之健康風險評估及 環境監測之基本資料，以改善中科園區管制排放污染物之參考。
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表一
表二
表三
表四
表五
平均數 80.67±128.75 44.88±43.93 60.38±73.57 中位數 43.21 38.46 37.81
表六 表六表六
表六、、、高、高高高暴露組暴露組暴露組暴露組、、、、低低低暴露組低暴露組暴露組暴露組及對照及對照及對照及對照組組組組居民尿中居民尿中居民尿中居民尿中t,t-MA 濃度之濃度之濃度之濃度之單單單單變項迴歸分析變項迴歸分析變項迴歸分析變項迴歸分析
表六、、、高、高高高暴露組暴露組暴露組暴露組、、、、低低低暴露組低暴露組暴露組暴露組及對照及對照及對照及對照組組組組居民尿中居民尿中居民尿中居民尿中t,t-MA 濃度之濃度之濃度之濃度之單單單單變項迴歸分析變項迴歸分析變項迴歸分析變項迴歸分析