• 沒有找到結果。

第三章 芝麻素對動脈粥狀硬化之影響

第三節 結果

OVX+SE 組犧牲後發現有一隻卵巢未切除乾淨,不列入本次實驗之統計樣 本,因此將OVX+SE 組樣本數調整為 n=7。

壹、攝食及生長情形

兩組分別餵食含有 20% fat + 0.15% cholesterol (OVX)、20% fat + 0.15%

cholesterol + 0.5% sesamin (OVX+SE)之半合成飼料,其體重變化如圖 4-1-1 所 示。實驗開始,體重於各組間並無顯著差異,給予實驗飼料後,體重逐漸增加,

實驗第 1 週 OVX 組體重高於 OVX+SE 組,從第 2 週至實驗結束 (第 11 週) OVX+SE 組體重稍微高於 OVX 組,但並無統計上顯著差異 (圖 3-1)。

體重增加量、攝食量及攝食效應如表3-2 所示。實驗全程體重增加量兩組並

無顯著差異。在攝食量及攝食效應方面,因飼料秤重僅能代表一籠4 隻老鼠的總

攝取量,所以無法進行統計分析比較其差異性。單就組別比較,其每日攝食量 OVX+SE 組稍微高於 OVX 組;攝食效應 HF 組為 2.98 (weight gain g /100g food intake)低於 OVX+SE 組 3.35 (weight gain g /100g food intake)。

貳、組織器官相對及絕對重量

小鼠組織器官相對及絕對重量如表3-3 所示。在組織絕對重量方面,OVX+SE 組之腎周脂重量顯著高於OVX 組,經體重校正後,得組織相對重量,OVX+SE 組之腎周脂重量比 OVX 組增加 2 倍,達顯著差異(p<0.05)。HF 組之子宮相對 重量多了OVX+SE 組 48%,達邊際顯著差異 (p=0.063),但在其他器官,如肝臟、

腎臟、脾臟、心臟絕對及相對重量方面兩組皆無顯著差異。

叁、血液脂質濃度

(一) 血清總膽固醇濃度

實驗初始,兩組無顯著差異 (表 3-4);實驗後第 11 週,OVX+SE 組顯著高 於OVX 組,且高於 OVX 組 34 %。在差異值方面,OVX+SE 組亦顯著高於 OVX 組50 %。

(二) 血清三酸甘油酯濃度

實驗初始,兩組無顯著差異 (表 3-4);實驗後第 11 週,OVX+SE 組稍微高

於OVX 組,但無顯著差異。在差異值方面,兩組皆為負值,OVX 組低於 OVX+SE 組,但無統計上顯著差異。

(三) 血清高密度脂蛋白濃度

兩組無顯著差異 (圖 3-2)。

肆、血液 adiponectin 濃度

兩組無顯著差異 (圖 3-2)。

伍、血液 enterolactone(ENL)濃度

血液 ENL 濃度如表 3-4 所示。在 OVX 組未測得,而 OVX+SE 組測得血液 中ENL 濃度為 1238.9 pg/ml 顯著高於 OVX 組(p<.05)。

陸、主動脈脂肪堆積

由於OVX+SE 組有兩隻老鼠的血管剪不完整,主動脈長度小於 0.5 cm,因 此OVX+SE 組 n 數縮減為 n=5。OVX 組之主動脈脂肪堆積較 OVX+SE 組嚴重 (圖 3-3),計算主動脈前端 1cm (aorta arch)之損傷面積百分比,OVX 組高於 OVX+SE 組 (圖 3-3),達邊際顯著差異(p=0.07)。

表3-2 ApoE 剔除且卵巢切除之小鼠餵食實驗飼料 11 週體重增加量、平均攝食量及 攝食效應2

Table 3-2 The body weight, weight gain, food intake and feed efficiency of apoE knockout mice with OVX after fed the test diets for 11 weeks2

1. Feed efficiency = weight gain (g)/total food intake (100g) 2. Values are means ± S.E.M.

3. Data of food intake and feed efficiency are means.

‡ Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test.

OVX OVX+SE

n=7 n=7

Initial weight‡ g 17.7 ± 0.33 18.2 ± 0.45 Final weight ‡ g 22.2 ± 0.57 23.3 ± 0.91 Weight gain ‡ g 4.5 ± 0.51 5.1 ± 1.04

Food intake g/mouse/day 1.953 1.983 Feed efficiency1 g/100g 2.983 3.353

表 3-3 ApoE 剔除且去卵巢之小鼠餵食實驗飼料 11 週後組織絕對及相對重量2 Table 3-3 Absolute and relative organ weights of apoE knockout mice with OVX after

fed test diets for 11 weeks2

1. PWAT, parametrial fat pad;RWAT, retroperitoneal fat pad.

2. Values are means ± S.E.M.

* Significantly different from OVX group by Student’s t test (p < .05) OVX

(n=7)

OVX+SE (n=7) g

PWAT1 0.262 ± 0.030 0.401 ± 0.072 RWAT1 0.079 ± 0.013 0.170 ± 0.031*

Liver 0.925 ± 0.067 1.025 ± 0.077 Spleen 0.137 ± 0.017 0.121 ± 0.004 Kidney 0.225 ± 0.014 0.228 ± 0.011 Heart 0.177 ± 0.014 0.184 ± 0.012 Uterus 0.021 ± 0.002 0.015 ± 0.002

g/wt g (%)

PWAT 1.173 ± 0.114 1.666 ± 0.250 RWAT 0.353 ± 0.056 0.706 ± 0.109*

Liver 4.193 ± 0.336 4.403 ± 0.304 Spleen 0.611 ± 0.061 0.519 ± 0.019 Kidney 1.010 ± 0.041 0.973 ± 0.020 Heart 0.794 ± 0.050 0.798 ± 0.063 Uterus 0.093 ± 0.011 0.063 ± 0.009

表 3-4 ApoE 剔除且予以去除卵巢之小鼠餵食實驗飼料 11 週實驗期間血液總膽固 醇、三酸甘油酯及enterolactone 濃度1

Table 3-4 Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and enterolactone concentrations during experimental period1

1. Values are means ± S.E.M.

* Significantly different from OVX group by Student’s t test (p < .05)

OVX OVX+SE n=7 n=7 Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

0 wk 208.3 ± 10.4 217.7 ± 12.6

4 wk 574.5 ± 22.0 748.2 ± 33.6*

11 wk 616.7 ± 44.4 830.3 ± 35.0*

11 wk – 0 wk 408.3 ± 50.6 612.7 ± 30.2*

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

0 wk 107.9 ± 8.4 107.2 ± 10.6

4 wk 101.3 ± 5.1 91.7 ± 1.2

11 wk 82.9 ± 4.3 88.6 ± 4.0

11wk – 0 wk - 25.0 ± 8.3 - 18.5 ± 12.8 Enterolactone (pg/ml) - 1238.9 ± 358.5*

Growth Curve

Treatment period (weeks)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

B ody w e ight(g)

0.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 24.0 26.0

OVX OVX+SE

圖3-1 ApoE 剔除並予以卵巢切除之小鼠餵食實驗飼料 11 週生長曲線

Fig 3-1 The growth curve of apoE knockout female mice with OVX fed a high-fat diet, or sesamin-supplemented (sesamin: 0.5% wt/wt) high-fat diets for 11 weeks.

All values are means ± S.E.M., n = 7. There was no significant difference between OVX and OVX+SE groups analyzed by Student’s t-test.

OVX OVX+SE

Serum HDL-C (mg/dl)

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00

OVX OVX+SE

Serum adiponectin (ng/ml)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

圖3-2 ApoE 剔除小鼠予以卵巢切除餵食實驗飼料 11 週後血液 HDL-C 及 adiponectin 濃度

fig.3-2 Fasting serum concentrations of HDL-C and adiponectin in OVX apoE knockout mice fed the experimental diets for 11 weeks. Values are means ± S.E.M, n =7. There was no significant difference between OVX and OVX+SE groups

analyzed by Student’s t-test.

OVX OVX+SE

OVX OVX+SE

Lesion Area (% of aorta arch)

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

9.88%

6.45%

圖3-3 卵巢切除之 ApoE 剔除小鼠餵食實驗飼料 11 週後主動脈損傷情形 Fig.3-3 Atherosclerotic lesion formation in apoE knockout mice with OVX fed the experimental diets for 11 weeks. The aortic arch were dissected out and examined for atherosclerotic lesion formation using the en face technique. A, two representative aortae from the OVX and OVX+SE group. B, the extent of

atherosclerotic lesion formation in each mouse, expressed as percentage of aortic surface area covered by atherosclerotic lesions. The mean atherosclerotic lesion area of each group of mice is indicated by a horizontal bar with mean value shown next to it.

A

B

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