• 沒有找到結果。

經由此次實驗研究與結果分析討論,得出以下三大方向結論如下。

一、十二碼射門準確性

選手作十二碼射門,當踢擊目標為右上角時,以不同的助跑角度(自我選擇、

30 度、60 度)作射門踢擊,在準確性上,並未達顯著差異。

選手作十二碼射門,當踢擊目標為左上角時,以不同的助跑角度作射門踢 擊,在準確性上,達顯著差異。當選手採用 30 度和自我選擇兩種助跑角度作射 門踢擊時,踢擊準確性顯著高於 60 度的助跑角度。

二、十二碼射門球速

選手作十二碼射門,當踢擊目標為右上角或當踢擊目標為左上角時,以不同 的助跑角度作射門踢擊,在球速上,並未達顯著差異。

三、十二碼射門踢擊腳運動學參數 (一)肢段速度變化

不同助跑角度踢擊不同目標位置之肢段速度變化得到相似的結果,肢段速度 於踢擊腳後擺至撞擊瞬間前肢段速度持續上升,於撞擊瞬間後肢段速度持續下降 至踢擊腳延伸動作完成。

(二)髖、膝、踝關節於踢擊腳撞擊瞬間之關節角度

1. 當射門目標為右上角中心時:踢擊腳撞擊瞬間之髖關節角度於不同助跑 角度作踢擊並未達顯著差異。踢擊腳撞擊瞬間之膝、踝關節角度於不同助跑角度 作踢擊時達顯著差異。

2. 當射門目標為左上角中心時,踢擊腳撞擊瞬間之髖、膝、踝三種關節角 度皆達顯著差異。

第二節 建議

由結論中可以得知,於進行十二碼射門時,當踢擊目標位置不同,不同的助 跑角度能幫助選手達到不同的射門結果,以下就此次研究實驗提供幾點建議。

1. 當射門目標位於右上角時,選擇較大的助跑角度(大約 60 度)。 2. 當射門目標位於左上角時,選擇較小的助跑角度(大約 30 度)。

3. 進行十二碼射門時,要求踢擊準確性為首要目的,不需要為了刻意閃躲 守門員的攔阻而提升踢擊球速。

4. 進行十二碼射門時,盡可能減低踢擊腳不必要的角度位移。換言之,過 於大動作的肢段擺動會降低踢擊的準確性與球速。

第陸章 未來研究方向

此次研究在不同的助跑角度與不同射門踢擊目標中得到進一步發現,不過在 實驗過程與結果討論中發現未來更多的研究方向,以下幾點提供此議題未來有待 更多驗證的部分。

1. 此次實驗,依照過去文獻中準確性相關的結果,選擇了以內側踢作為實 驗踢擊的技巧。然而於實驗中和與受試者討論後發現,雖然內側踢對於踢擊準確 性有較好的結果呈現,不過若碰到如助跑角度 60 度踢擊左上角中心此種組合 時,由於此種組合踢擊弧線較彎曲寬廣,是否選擇足背踢的踢擊技巧會有較好的 準確性?如此,往後研究是否加入更多變項,如不同踢擊技巧,來更深入探討十 二碼射門時相關的變化性。

2. 此次實驗設計雖然採用同一種踢擊技巧(內側踢),然而如同學者 Hideyuki 等人在 2009 年的研究中談到,踢擊撞擊瞬間球與腳接觸之位置亦關係重大。以 內側踢為例,雖然為同一種踢擊技巧,不過在球與腳撞擊瞬間,接觸面可能為腳 內側的後緣或腳內側的前緣。此類議題,若加上撞擊瞬間不同接觸面的分析,是 否能有更多有關射門準確性的差異?以利提供更多有關十二碼射門時的背景資 料。

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附錄

附錄一

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一、研究題目:足球十二碼射門助跑角度與踢擊目標之研究

二、研究目的:比較十二碼射門時不同助跑角度與不同踢擊目標之準確性差 異。並了解踢擊目標之最佳助跑角度相關運動學參數。

三、實驗時間:中華民國一○二年三月二十三日 四、實驗地點:國立臺灣師範大學公館校區操場

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附錄二

受試者基本資料表 論文名稱:足球十二碼射門助跑角度與踢擊目標之研究 受試者編號:

姓名 年齡

身高(cm) 體重(kg)

球齡 慣用腳

肢段長度

名稱 右側(cm)Right 左側(cm)Left 髂髖

大腿長 小腿長 膝寬 踝寬 足長 足寬 足厚

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