本研究區分出高渴望父愛情結的 兩類亞型女兒，她們除了再次顯示高渴 望父愛情結傾向，在人際疏離感／憂 鬱、身體病痛抱怨，以及難與異性親近 感受等負面身心適應方面皆高於一般女 兒組，且樂觀幸福感皆低於後者之外，
強制與防衛兩亞型的女兒彼此間在一些 特徵表現上，如在社會技巧、社會自尊 等方面，也顯現出可辨識的差異。這些 結果可用以支持本研究之主張，高渴望 父愛情結的女兒可區分成兩個亞型，這 兩亞型女兒因為對於人際困境採取不同 的因應策略，所以隨後所形成的行為表 現型態也不相同的主張觀點。
至於，在研究結果中顯示：防衛 亞型女兒對於父愛需求的程度，並未如 原先預期的，會因為壓抑或逃避作用而 反映出較低的父愛需求傾向，反倒表現 出高於低渴望父愛Ⅱ型組。本研究推測 造成此一不符預期結果的原因可能是：
高渴望父愛防衛亞型的女兒，其親子關 係品質遠較強制亞型差，當依常態分配
的觀點評估，推測真正屬於防衛亞型者 應該是更接近分配極端的臨床個案，其 人數相當少，所以較無法利用以平均數 為切割點的概略區分方法，準確地捕捉 到防衛亞型女兒的典型代表。因此，當 進一步以較嚴格的標準，選取原劃分屬 於高渴望父愛防衛亞型女兒中，對於父 愛需求程度較低的1/4樣本作為探討對
象（即對於父愛需求的分數分布於0-11；新類組M = 8.58, SD = 2.48, n = 24），發現其「不知如何與父親相處」
得分的平均值便顯著升高為26.71，不 但顯著地高於原整體防衛亞型女兒的平 均數23.34，同時也略高於強制亞型女 兒的平均數M = 26.04。意即這群表現 出極低「父愛需求」因素得分（即對於 父愛的渴望程度）的防衛亞型女兒，其
「不知如何與父親相處」因素得分（即 渴望父愛情結的程度）反而更高，因此 可進一步視為支持典型防衛亞型女兒的 壓抑因應策略現象。未來當欲深入探討 高渴望父愛防衛亞型典型特徵及其對個 體的作用效果與機制時，應該考慮擴大 樣本來源的異質性或選取特殊樣本群
（如接受輔導或感化教育的樣本），以 獲取數量足夠的典型代表作為探究對 象。
另外，除了觀察到父女關係明顯 地與渴望父愛情結特徵發展有連帶關係 之外，本研究結果也清楚看到不同的父 女互動關係可對應至高渴望父愛情結不
同亞型特徵的發展上。其中，父女關係 較為疏遠的，如嚴恣型及親嚴子孝型 者，其女兒發展為高渴望父愛情結的情 形較為顯著；其中，嚴恣型父女關係者 對應發展出防衛亞型的比例較高，而親 嚴子孝型者對應發展出強制亞型的比例 較高。這些結果皆進一步支持本研究主 張高渴望父愛情結應有不同亞型的主張 觀點。
最後，本研究的探討期望能發揮 拋磚引玉的作用，吸引更多學者的關 注，投入研究渴望父愛情結的相關議 題。誠如前文所提及，長期被忽略的父 親角色，隨著時代與社會的變遷，其面 貌也已經不可同日而語，加上近來許多 研究發現父親對子女身心的發展具有相 當的影響力，是以這方面的研究頗具社 會意義與實務應用價值，值得未來更多 的研究投入與深入探討。
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國立政治大學「教育與心理研究」
2006年 3 月，29 卷 1 期，頁 121-149