「社會資本」的理論定位與經驗意義：以戰後臺灣社會變遷為例
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(2) Rethinking Theoretical and Empirical Implications of "Social Capital": A Case Study of Social Change in Taiwan Sheng-Wei Lin & Chung-Hwa Ku*. Abstract The concept of "social capital," often referring to the network, trust and norm that connect citizens with each other, has become one of the most popular research topics in the field of social science in recent years. This paper attempts to re-examine the concept of "social capital" from the theoretical and the empirical aspects, with a view to improving its power of penetration and explanation. First of all, this paper re-defines "social capital" as "a kind of social solidarity, which facilitate trust and cooperation with the consequence of public benefit and reduce individual or collective risk because such solidarity could bridge the gap between self-interest and public welfare." Next, this paper considers that "social capital" should be seen as a kind of transformed social relationship beyond the traditional private circle, so that the mechanism of self-organization could be improved and the activities of association in modern society be strengthened. In the third part of this paper, an application of this theoretical framework to Taiwan's society is analyzed. Based on various sources of data, mainly the "Taiwan Social Change Survey7' conducted by the Academic Sinica (Taipei), this paper examines the changing role of "social forces" in TaiMan's society and its implications for the development of social capital. It is suggested that, besides the accumulation of trust in the economic field, the most significant change has occurred in the field of social participation, which has reflected in the increased number of association since the lift of martial law in 1987. An analysis of this paper has also shown that the content of trust has been shifted from "personal trust" to "public trust" within this period, and the practice of civic engagement has not only produced social capital, but also made democracy work in Taiwan.. Keywords: social capital, social forces, social relationship, public trust, self-organization, social change. Sheng-Wei Lin is a doctoral candidate at the Department of Sociology, National Chengchi University; Chung-Hwa Ku is a professor of Sociology, National Chengchi University. This paper is based on the research project entitled "Social Capital and the Development of the Third Sector in Taiwan" (NSC92-2412-H-004-009)..
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