從情境觀點探討企業採用跨組織資訊系統之困難--臺灣電腦代工廠的個案研究

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(1)ISSN 1023-2842 rrJlJtfJll!W¥jjffij 2007 ~tLfj~ m+1i~m=Wl p.637-666. 6tMmlJlflli_iMf£__mMIftMft. iRlAjltZIBII-tlillilBif-tIlifttJ. fII*liJf~. Interpreting the Difficulties of. Inter-Organizational Systems Adoption in. Taiwanese PC Company: A Contextualist. Perspective. tg;til3~. Eugenia Y. Huang. r.;a-'-;rJ.r,'f,L,.-l-m ~.lL~)t·O:::J/'\.:..::t'". ;;~~D ~:mJm. ~l=In. x;:. g .....'E:..::t'"~. Department of Management Information System,. National Chengchi University. ~J~H§. *. Shin-Horng Chen *. 13~-'-;rJ.r~J:..,.-l-m. ;;~~D~:mJm~. ~JL~)t{Cl/\.-f-' ~iil~ g ..... 'E:..::t'"*. Department of Management Information System,. National Chengchi University. fll~. ••m*.~m~m.,um~~.~,.~~~. *~~~~~MMm. ~~:Wjji±frx1ttt-J5};fJTf~[ffj. , ~~@l~~~a"J~:rt: '. • ~~{'F:iJ(shchen@mis.nccu.edu.tw). 0. *mfYj:J1:~m[qJ~~f~. *)Z:~itjj:@{ll:lff~I¥J~Je.. ~637~. 0.

(2) AW J~~N1fI~ii~R~ *fez1ti=f1t;5<: ~fl;i:tz rk, S"J~~ fJUI*tiJfY'CS"J 5t m*fi='= pJ:*o ' :l1::~rfmhb rnJ ftlj~ m!lWS"JIDRX ' ;fD:l1::~pJT mS"Jfttl N$!~(~JU~H~ft-W~~ 0. 1~ft-)Wffd:ttxft;(~±tttH11*W~±ttfaf£)'[~~:if::~tJ]tH1~s"J. 0. ~:l1::~w:niH!~. Mm~iim~*feS"J.m,*~.m~ooS"J~w~~q,m~~~~-oo~S"J ~f1=~;i:t. '. :t:t~tJ'ii~JJj(flS"J~f1=~AEijtfE!tH1S"Jt*Jj~g~1~ft-l2§*-fi. 0. :l1::~pJT. OOtiS"JM.'~.:if:: • • ~~fl~W~~W~~W~AOOS"J.~'.ttOO. ~tl~~f1=~~~t)*1*mi'1f!JH~5tS"Jrt:!~~. 0. *uJfY'C~:EJl!. : r Mm~ii~R~*feS"J. .m ' JlflftUN$iJtWUttx 1t;s"Ji@ity~'[1:ff1:E J l2§11t ' M*Jl~ii~R~*feS"J. m'~~R~ • • ~~~~&~mfftt,~~qM&.mM • • S"JM~~ mtitn.~3'lt~JmM*Jl~ii~R~*feq , Jlfl~;E!~1i.S"Jt&~ 0. o. 0. tH1.8~. : M*Jlfiii~fHt;;*fe ' fttlN$!Jt ' ffd:frx1t; , 1~1JtI!\!iJi. Abstract This study interprets the difficulties of inter-organizational information systems (lOS) adoption. Past studies using the economic perspective attempt to illustrate that the adoption of technology is a rational behavior in the organizational level. However, while there are perceived benefits in adopting lOS, there may still be significant challenges. In this paper, we apply the contextualist perspective to highlight how conflicts exist in the differential assumption of coherence between lOS and business activities. These conflicts can be understood by analyzing the conditions of institutional and social/cultural contexts in the industrial/organizational level. Our case study reveals that the activities of the inter-organizational collaboration depend on the arrangements of society, industry, and organization. It is concluded that the organizational institution (organization structure, value chain model, and people skill), industrial institution (material characteristics, suppliers network, and market variation), and social culture (social relationships and social trust) need to be addressed in lOS adoption. Specifically, when the institutional and social contexts are the major influences on inter-firm's operations, a keen sensitivity to the nature of inter-organizational collaboration is necessary in maximizing the possibility of lOS acceptance.. ~638~.

(3) *LlJ~:J3..fHW~. Keywords: inter-organizational information systems (IOS), institution, social culture, contextualist. ''Jf?tfHllm lEJI~1*Jtj~~J3.~jf~R**1t(Inter-Organizational. Information Systems' lOS) Z§~~~~~~~~m~OO~mh~~'~~~m~~A~• • •*h' fElIji!1E*,@llJUB"JJi~R**1tf§~ , ~m~Ji~R**1t83~~~*J3.~B"J:WI~'& ' ~t~ '8PJTOO~B"J1*Jtjmft ' l:tilli~fiB"J1E*Ji~R**1t}ii~~~tHq:~(Kumar & Crook, 1999) , fiJi J;J ~:rjJ B"J ~ f9tl !iifH?~ JJ.[ ~ Jdm ' fE!. $~J& B"J ~ f9U iE, /f :{E & Ii (Premkumar et al., 1997) 0. .w~m~Ji~**1t~~~~~ffi~~~mlli,~m~jf~**1tB"J1*Jtj fllID~/f[J:tJJlOOB"Jmft. , ~1i~~J3.~jf ~ * *1t 1± tt ~ ~ * EJ 15i liftJ (technology) , ~J3. f~ (organization) , ~ ~ (collaboration) , ~utUl~(infrastructure)~IZ!IOO~:pJOOB"J~Iii(Kumar & Crook, 1999; Truman, 2000; Kendall et al., 2001; Hsiao, 2003) i§:®~Iii*~1E*~~ ~U ' ~~**1tf:m~n~flJ~m ' f!ff~ffltl1E*:{E~Jjf~f4 J:::B"J~fS ' §Mjf~R txffijfmhB"Jm~ , ~Jl**1t~.~ , *J3.~~1fiB"J~ftI! ' J;J&Et*jf:f45(~~ 0. :{E**1t~~A(implementation)[)"~~. a. ¥B"JitUJE~. 0. ~7~*J3.*lljf~R**1t:{E~A~~fiJiOO~~B"J~Iii:9r ' lliif.* ' li1f~*(Kumar et al., 1998; Barrett, 1999; Kumia & Johnston, 2000; Orlikowski &. ?&ffi1 '. Barley, 2001; Avgerou, 2001; Hsiao, 2003; Crowston & Myers, 2004)fEtlli : ~~J3. .~ffi*®tB"J1*Jtj(adoption)fOm!1t(context)f[~tp]f§~. 0. ~J3..00i1~~J3.~jf. ~*.B"J1*Jtj'~./f.R~jf~*.i§:oo • •ffi]e'ffi1~~OO~~fS~. ~'~& • • ~.~~.$fi~~~o.*~m:~m~jfffi**1t~~~.. f.3}tX1*ffl '. &\~llJn415iWf415i~fflB"Jm!1t. ~:IJ{]~B"J*~83Ji~R*®tB"J1*ffl ~m.F,mjJH:lB"JfS~.~. '. ~l~~OOf§lifDW'iB"J~{*,. '. ffi]~F. ' W¥*~.~B"J*J3.*llra~fSf'F~~ , ?&1&fr&~a5c. 0. ~~J3.~jf~R*®t1*JtjB"J1~!lmlJ}j(Contextualist)flJf~. -639~. , ~1fr5 filli7 .tiftJ:W.

(4) ttrm:~. , ~tfY"G~tlDKumar et. ~X1t:'l'rJ;tJl. Tx1~. '. ~R*~J5JTi§pxA~mt8. '. al.(l998rfOHsiao(2003)1.tt~~JHil~~R*~1*ffll¥J. , ii!±1!r~f*Wfi3f::Fl'l¥J*,]~{'Ima '. wm-~~m.~. ffi:iBarrett(l999rfOAvgerou(2001)~Uf.ttfMJ3t(institution)1¥J. ~J3t'mlli~m• • m*~I¥J1*ffl'1!r~~~m.~.m~l¥J~ffi~'ffi:ii§ px*.I¥J1*fflffi.·ffi~m-MAI¥J~Y"G'*~Y"G~~I¥J~~~'$~~TM ~~Jl• •~R*~1*fflI¥J1w~rn~a. , *~Y"G~ff iMr~um~rJ:l~a : (1 )Y"GJE1E:_jf~I¥J1%hfq] ~~( collaborative commerce )fl;i:\~ ft~ ? (2)12tlOfilJf01E:.J5JT~I¥Jffd:1!r~% ' ~Jl.Wjt~f~f4flJ5JT!im~ ? J;)J?(3) 0. ~i&!1a'ij]jJ;1j:fW~~tfY"GI¥J~~. 1E:*jf~I¥J1%hfq]~~tl~fO~*Jl*~.~R*~IJg-a-I¥J.x~15-f'Fflj:tX.flftf.f~. fq] ? jf§ffi:ii§px1E:*iIDlm;~m• • ~R*.1*ffll¥JlE. *~Y"G1¥J1lW'i. '. ~tl[Jr~~~. 0. : ~*-W'iCP , f'F~1!r@]Ii~illtl:Jf~~1~*I1~jj. m*~1*ffll¥Jffi.~~·*-W'i~*~W'i'~~1!r~~*~Y"GI¥J~Y"G~.' J;)Bt*~tfY"G{y;!fflA~1i~~Y"Gh$. 1~~mj]jJ;.~ *6*jf§ft~1g~. 0. *1lW'i '. *~Y"G1!rjf§1TM1~1a'ij]jJ;. , ~*AW'iM~f~~7tffr*6* , illLf~lli~tfY"G,\DMI ~1&-'W'i ' 0. 0. ~tW'i. '. f'Flli*6~~. , illLftX!t. fF~1!rfH~~7}fJTt¥J 0. ~xlJ:1*~1cp. , f'F~1!r7t~aJl~*Jl• • ~R*~I¥J5E~W~~ ~ aJl.fJ!fl~*Jl• •m*~1*ffl8~~Y"Gl/i!!I~ , ~1fR~A1*~1J5JT~~*Jl.jfm* .1*ffl8~'lw!Jlffi.. flH,Barrett &. 0. ,. 0. Konsynski(1982)~!f! -1'8~5E~. , ~m.jf~R*~~f~ : r ~. Bt~1i~~~m.M.~.m7t~I¥J*.·mM1*.cp~mT~e,ee, MJ;M>.§fLJi!!: , ±BfH'm:fr.:Ir~ ~~~ijXllm. Ji!rt../,~.L.... ,>1::Err. , ~~~rm;;~>k~re: __ 1'4'".... , ........... MJ.!¥-. ,r'Il;:z.-m-~fr:r1~~ .vAJX~~}\1-liilJ);~. ~~Jl• •~R*~ '*~'m-~~y~~.x~8''1. J. o1tR:.rFri, 1l",IIIJ. r:k1-'b.l3ffl:1 ~AiWlffl. I¥J(Clemons & Row, 1993)' i!&E I¥J~~~~' -~1!r~~7t~ rflrrtlfiJ (electronicmarketplace)Bt r·""'-+-.. . . , ~ J (electronic hierarchy)~~(Malone et at, 1987; Benjamin et aI., 1990)·. ~640-.

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(8) I. I. 0-., .j::" .j::". 0. 0. P'J~Wi~ 0. *r~. 0. "fljlj/.fl:I1WWnstitutional). 0. Depledge(2003). ~ , Ji:*B'.Jfl'rHfljlj/.f ' jj'¥4x~m!~J't:JfljIjJE~. 0. Kumar et al.(l998) , Hsiao(2003). Soh(2002). *Wtl*m~ilo. f,gfJ3.*",&fim*WtB'.Jf~Ji.l ' ;fOfljljJ.tf~lt'CFB'.JfJ3.~/i£*'~~B'.J/ffEl~ , fiiTi§f&'B'.J Barrett( 1999) , Avgerou(200 I). 1'8. xft ' Wt±1"'llUlf*~HiHF"fB'.J*,~~mfj[1ll. ,:ttInf,gfJ3.*"'&jt~f\*WtPfii§pxB'.Jm. 0. -§fr!it!~W'l"ffljljm1iffi ' i&Kfi&mB'.J3tt~ , ~*:W~f\~li:fM!liji '~tm¥)]imB'.Jl"ic Farhoomand et al.(2000) , Tan & Wu(2002) , Markus &. B'.Jm.~iT~~ , f,gfJ3.*",&i"lf'fB'.Jt6.h~~. -§fr!if,gm~r,,'B"Jjljg;g , f.I}]lUlf*B'.Jc5l~ , fElf'flUlf*B"J"~W~:u: 'i"lf'f~~W Hart & Sauuders( 1997) , Allen et al.(2000) , Gallivan &. fJ3.~~i'j£~. -§tl5fRflHtA.iS.J:l,/fJ:l,fjjtt*WtB'.J~m'11~BJo ' m~*€lTwll~B'.Jf'j1J.t ' *Wt Grover(l993) , Kumar & Crook(l999) , Kendall et al.(2001) i!J},..i't':JiRm1'f1'ME ' i%1l\"i'l"fll.!!~D'J3tt~ , pgl5l3tmf!{fl}l§ , ~~f\ftf'F:*mJ:C '. ~m~jj~ft:;f.;*ftt*mi¥J'I1ft~(context)rQ~Jm. "~t±1trxft(social and cultural). liJf'9'e$lbf: 3 :. "~li:f~~ji(infrastructure) . "i"Jf'f.( collaboration). "fJ3.~(organization). 0. liJf'9'e$lb~ 2 : ~*Jl.~jjm:;f.;*ft~Ai¥Jl$m(barriers)rQ~Jm "txi\!ti(technology) -§tl5~~~~ , *Wt~i"l ' m!~/1Xif.itnlEJ.t ' P-Jl5I3*Wt"~ , t\:liJ!efiil'*' Premkumar & Ramamurthy(l995) , Kumar & ~IEM:lut~ Crook(l999) , Truman(2000) , Soliman & Janz(2004). liJf'9'e$lb~ 1 : ~m~jj~ftiMfC1*mi¥J,~JO](intention)rQ~Jm "YHiI3~}]( external pressure) Y'H5I3§Jl,¥,II'1}]/f ~ , m*",&1!\f~-fIJJ.fH~m*"'&jt~f\*Wt*m¥l-§Jl'¥ii~}] Iacovou et al.(l995) , Chwelos et al.(200 I) , Teo et al.(2003) "~til1B~(perceived benefits) *e~Krljf,gm~jt~f\*WtB'.J~M ' m~*,j!Jililn'Ij-fljmf,gfJUf~jt~f\*WtQ]T.J.ffi' Iacovou et al.(l995) , Chwelos et al.(2001), Kuan & **'~~~tiB'.Jm~ Chau(2001) "~fjjJ.t(readiness) *WJf},..f,gfJ3.*"'&jtllf\*WtB'.J~fjj , f,gm*"'&itllf\*WtB'.Jt*mW:~fcf -JEf.'l1J.tJ't:J Grover( 1993) , Chwelos et al.(2001) , Mehrtens et t"Hr.iii~}]~H!:t~jt~,'lt al.(200 I) , Zhu et al.(2003). liJf'9'e$lbf:. ~ 1 : ~MUl\Ut~fl.~tutf*mlY-J~ItJjjt~(*li1f1L!iU!). =. ffil. gj:. *N. ~. ~nn>t. (55j ~. ~. dE. m. ~. rr>. '-4. DIL~I. ~ ~. ml. iffiIi. ;m~. ~.

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(30) ~ft~~*~Rmw~~~.m~m~mo~~wm~~~~.~.M J5JT{JE~Z1E:*ifrJffr±WfZ"~. , 1lfz~£~~TJtij~W~IJ~W~. a. ~1~1:~~t*~. ~.W~.I~M±·~~*~m*~ • • RmW~~I~m±·~~rut *~~fJlHiJ!±. • ¥~~*~~~~± a l~ff~~AT&T Bell Labs' MITRE Corporation • MIT Lincoln Labs ~Jf~iffF~~Communications of the ACM • Journal of Computer Information Systems • Industrial Management and Data 0. Systems· W~~¥I& • ~~W~¥& • W~W7tHifC~~pqjrWHIJ E-mail: E.Huang@nccu.edu.tw. 0. IWHg~ ~ft~~*~RmW~M±,~~m~~~~Rm~~~m·mB.T *_,~m_~§R~~,~--~~~o~~~*A~~~lr~9~~. J7.i It:Siltl~.!¥tJ:l ·lj"n~iItG:/l"IYL~ lJ}(:/"LllfRJ...x...7)i-1)<IJ", TbY §,J-..:E.ijTgRH. rt:U /. 'i"i·+tTl~'~. ;,'-..;'1vu. ,. jiJgW~~¥I&~JJHIJ. 0. E-mail: shchen@mis.nccu.edu.tw. ~666~.

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