઼̰щཉ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ̝ଣտĈ
ҋണ͞ёăநϤᄃྋᛖЯ৵
Ŏ
ౘ໓͛ŎŎ
Vol. 12, No. 1, June 2008, pp. 145-188
Ŏ ώ̝͛၁ᙋྤफ़˜פҋү۰צҖ߆ੰ઼छࡊጯ؎ࣶົ؎̝ࡁտࢍ൪Ĉበཱི
NSC94-2412-H-002-011-̝ొ̶̰टĂү۰ຏᔁҜઠЩᆶߤ۰೩ֻᚗෳ۞࣒ϒຍ ֍Ą
ŎŎ઼ϲέ៉̂ጯۤົ̍үጯրઘିĄ
͛̚ၡࢋ ώኢ͛ᑭෛତצщཉ፟ၹ͌ѐҋണ۞ᐛதă͞ёᄃநϤĂͽ̈́ᇆ ᜩࣇซˢщཉ፟ၹޢҋണҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯЯ৵ĄдԆፋྤफ़۰۞ 545 Ҝщཉ͌ѐ̚Ăซˢщཉ፟ၹޢᔘഅགྷҋണ۞ˠΚ 50.0 ƦĂᐛதͽ ĶઊႬķ۰кĞ33.9 ƦğĂѨֶԔࠎĶΪѣ˘ѨķĞ29.8 ƦğăĶѣ ॡķĞ25.2 ƦğăĶ૱૱ķĞ11.2 ƦğĄдҋണ͞ё͞ࢬĂкˠֹϡ࿅ ۞͞ёࠎĶ౷๋ٕထ๋ķăѨࠎĶᇠᒒٕளۏķćкᇴ͌ѐ ҋണүࠎ῁ྋ̰͕Шଐჰ۞ࢋඉரĄк̮ึԔទᏭਫ਼ᕩ̶ژඕڍ ពϯĈّ̃ăщཉ݈ҋണᐛதăᇎଐჰᚑࢦă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ ຏצࢬă֗ᙝкТጓഅགྷҋണ۰ĂщཉޢҋണᐛதĂ၆ ҋണ̝ᄮТޘ၆ТጓҋണགྷរٙயϠ۞̬̚ड़ڍ̙ૻĂТጓҋണགྷ រ͌ѐщཉޢҋണᐛதมхѣۡତᙯܼĄώࡁտޙᛉ፟ၹજෞҤ ͌ѐ۞ҋണགྷរᄃଐჰېڶĂםӄࣇጯ௫நࢬଐჰ۞͞ڱĂ᎕ ໂந࣎९ͽᔖҺТጓϼड़Ăͽ̈́ޙၹЪந۞፟ၹఢቑĂͽഇѣड़ࢫ Ҳщཉ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ΞਕّĄ ᙯᔣфĈҋണҖࠎă͌ѐă፟ၹщཉ
ಥăࡁտࡦഀᄃϫ۞
Ķԧۢԧ̙ਕГχˠ˞ĂЯࠎΪົගԧֽՀк۞౫ ĂٙͽԧޝϠঈॡĂಶԼјϡ੫ו͘ᓖĂ՟ຐז͕̚۞ঈ ಶᐌ֤͚੫ঐε˞ČČ̝ޢΪࢋϠঈԧಶϡ੫͙ҋ̎Ă Ϡঈಶ͙кĂᇹԧಶ̙ົຐࢋχˠ˞Ċķ ˯ࢬ߱ྖֽҋ˘Ҝ 17 ໐۞͌ѐܠ֣Ăߏඊ۰ٺ 2000 ѐдᄃѣ ҋ୭གྷរ۞͌ѐణኘॡĂ၆ҋണҖࠎĶຍγķ൴ன۞˘߱၆ྖĄܠ֣ д 6 ໐ॡЯצͭᏐࢅޞ҃ҝซщཉ፟ၹĞֈρੰğĂ૱૱Яᄃੰආ ൴Ϡࡎ҃ዎזੰ྆ҁर۞యჳĂۢҋ̙̎ྍχˠĂҭݒڱଠ טҋ̎۞ଐჰĂඕڍҾ۞ޅ̄జχ๋˞Ă҃జੰ྆۞ҁर൭χ ˘ĄѣѨຍγ൴ன࿅੫ֽ͙ҋ̎۞͘ᓖΞͽѣड़ଠטᇙޤ۞ଐ ჰĂֹҋ̙̎Я๋ˠ҃ຒĂଂѩͽޢĂҋണҖࠎಶј˞ࢬ၆ᇙ ޤॡၚϡ۞͞ёĄ ĶсࣇĞ፟ၹ̍үˠࣶğඍᑕԧซֽ 30 ͇ޢΞͽΝĂҭ༊ ֤͇ז۞ॡ࣏Ăсࣇݒᄲԧѣ࿁ఢ۞ࡔᐂĂٙͽࢋؼޢ˘ ͇̖ਕΝĂࠎ̦ᆃࢋᇹ၆ԧĉࠎ̦ᆃࢋᙾԧĉٙͽԧಶ ࢋ౷ă౷ă౷Ă࠻сࣇົ̙ົឰԧΝČČķ ˯ࢬ߱ྖߏඊ۰д 2004 ѐซҖ˘ีͽщཉ፟ၹ͌ѐયᗟᄃ ᅮՐࠎᗟ۞ࡁտॡĂΩ˘࣎Ķຍγķ۞൴னĈ˘Ҝତצ፟ၹщཉ۞͌ ̃дೡҋࣣ̎ซˢ፟ၹॡЯڱтᙸγ҃൴Ϡ۞ҋണགྷរĄࣣซ ˢщཉ፟ၹ۞ޅ఼̄૱ޝഽ୕ĶҋϤķĂ҃дсࡴࡴඈޞ˞ 30 ͇ޢĂ ݒ՟ѣזсഇޞ۞γధΞॡĂс۞ᇙޤΞຐ҃ۢćс˘͞ࢬঈ፟ၹ̍үˠࣶ՟ѣܫчĶᏚ֏ķâ͞ࢬࠎҋ̎۞ဩ҃ຏזᙱ࿅Ą ᔵ၆̍үˠࣶ҃֏Ăγ̙࿅ߏ˘͇۞ؼᏵĂҭ၆сĂᇹ۞ඈ ޞݒߏ΄ˠோिăޤ̙Ξ࿄۞ĂٙͽсᏴፄϡҋണ۞͞ёֽநс۞ ᇙޤ؎ئć҃Ω˘͞ࢬĂс˵ԓ୕ҋണҖજົឰ̍үˠࣶЯ҃Тຍឰ сΝ˘˭ĂΪߏ࣎߱͘ޢ֭՟ѣឰстᙸͽᐺĄ ͽ˯Ҝщཉ͌ѐҋണགྷរ۞೬ᜨ̝ٙͽჍࠎĶຍγķĂ˜ߏЯ ࠎีࡁտࢍ൪۞ϫ۞ౌ̙ߏдଣտ͌ѐ۞ҋണҖࠎĂ҃ᇹ۞ Ķຍγķ˵ౌࣣр൴Ϡдତצ፟ၹщཉ۞͌ѐ֗˯ĄѩҋണҖशٕࠎ ˠٙۢĂٕΪߏҋ̎۞৪Ăҭ֗ٺӀវט˭۞ࣇĂݒ՟ѣ Яѩ҃ᒔυࢋ۞םӄĂҋണֶߏࣇдࢬ၆ӧဩॡٙଳפ۞Ķྋ ՙ̝ķĄ˯Ҝ͌ѐ۞གྷរΪਕზߏĶপּķĂᔘߏ࿆хдٺщ ཉޅ̄۞ன෪ĉ ၆઼̰͌ѐ҃֏Ăซˢщཉវր۞ࣧЯᅈͧආኑᗔధкĂੵ˞ Ķආ̈́͌ѐӀڱķѣ೩זщཉ۞ໄهγĂĶ͌ѐְІநڱķᄃ Ķආ̈́͌ѐّϹٽ֨ט୧ּķ˵ӮࢋՐг͞߆ع೩ֻщཉڇચගѣ ᅮՐ۞͌ѐĄԧ઼ڱ΄дఢቑͽ͌ѐࠎវ۞щཉڇચᙷݭ̚ĂੵЯ छलεΑਕγĂ͌ѐซˢщཉវր۞ࣧЯкᄃઐमҖࠎѣᙯĂ఼૱ ዳछलҋᛇͣዋ༊۞ਕ˧ֽତৼѣઐमҖࠎ۞͌ѐĞThompson et al., 1994ğĂӈֹѣֱछलᙸຍဘྏତৼࣇĂҭ૱д።གྷӅ˧ޢ̪ ̙̙೩ͤዳ۞ࢋՐĞMassinga and Perry, 1994ğć߆ع˵Ϊ ਕֱޅ̄щཉٺ፟ၹ̰ĞCollins, 2001ğĄซˢ፟ၹ۞ࣇߊࢋࢬ ၆ဥវϠ߿ᄃצࢨ۞߿જ۩มĂᔘࢋࢬᓜኑᗔ۞ˠᅫᙯܼĂྵͻᇅ ّ۞გநఢĂͽ̈́ۤົ̂ி၆ࣇ۞ڡෛĞFriman et al., 1996ğĄѩ γĂ઼̰щཉ፟ၹ۞Ϡ߿ݭၗޝटٽឰ͌ѐѣĶٲ༰ّķᄃĶૻטّķ ۞ຏᛇĂጐგధкࢨטߏٺĶ᜕ܲķ͌ѐ۞චຍĂдࣇ۞ᄮۢ ̚Ăҋ̎ΪߏజĶᙯֽķٕజĶహ༰ķ۞ˠĂ̙͌ޅ̄၆ѩҝщ ଵ̙֭႕ຍĄ
઼γ˘ֱ੫၆اҝдࢨטّ۩มĞтĈᒣڼ፟ၹğ۰̝ҋണҖࠎ ۞ࡁտ൴னĈֱˠ˜ߏҋണ۞ПᐍཏĂซˢ፟ၹ݈۞౹๋གྷរă צࢨ۞߿જ۩มĂͽ̈́ᚑॾ۞გநሀёՀᆧΐ˞ࣇҋണ۞፟த ĞChowanec et al., 1991; Epps, 1997; Penn et al., 2003; Roe-Sepowitz, 2007; Shea, 1993; Thomas et al., 2006ğĄт Chowanec et al.Ğ1991ğ൴ னĂдତצᒣڼ࿃۞͌ѐĞn = 256ğ̚Ăѣ 10.4 Ʀ۞͌ѐܑϯࣇ അдᒣڼഇมҋണć҃ Penn et al.Ğ2003ğ۞ࡁտ൴னĂѣ 30 ƦĞn = 78ğ۞צణ۰അдᒣڼഇมҋണĂ༊ྙયཏ͌ѐҋണ۞நϤॡĂ ̂кᇴ۞ҋണ۰ܑϯĂҋ̝̎ٙͽᇹઇĂࢋߏࠎ˞ࢋઃͤЯజᒣ ڼ ҃ ய Ϡ ۞ ࢬ ଐ ჰ Ğ 6 5 Ʀ ğĂ ٕ ߏ ࠎ ˞ ᜔ య ҋ ̎ Ğ 6 0 Ʀ ğĄ Matsumoto et al.Ğ2005ğአߤ͟ώצႾ༰շّ̝ҋണҖࠎޢ˵൴னĂ ֱˠ۞ҋണּͧͧ˘ਠշֽّĂٺะវҝ۞ᒖဩ˭Ă͌ѐ ۞ҋണــົ̢࠹Ķ็ߖķĞcontagiousğĂҋണүࠎ˜ߏ˘ࣧؕ ۞఼߱͘Ăᖣѩܑ྿ࣇ۞̙႕ٕᇙޤĞRoss and McKay, 1979ğĄ ᔵԧࣇ̙ਕᄲщཉགྷរົጱ͌ѐҋണĂҭѩҖࠎᄃࣇజࢨט۞ ҋϤͽ̈́࿅Ν۞౹๋གྷរᑕྍߏѣֱᙯᓑّ۞ĞWinchel and Stanley, 1991ğĄ ᔵҋണҖࠎ၆ٺ༊ְˠ̙ົౄјϲӈّ۞ϠރĂ҃ͷ˫՟ ѣ๋चזˠĂҭѩҖࠎځពົౄј༊ְˠ҇វ˯۞๋चĂ˵ܑ ֱˠϒ࿅ҋണҖࠎֽШγײାĂЯѩԧࣇᑕྍࢋࢦෛѩҖࠎĂ֭ᒢ ྋᇆᜩҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ᅈܕЯĂтѩ͞ਕᑒӄࣇޘ࿅ᙱᙯĄ઼̰ѣᙯ͌ ѐҋണҖࠎ۞ࡁտкะ̚дჇ̀ኢٕ͛Ⴧ̀ኢ͛Լᆷ̝үĞӕ ৌĂ 2007 ćڒՃৌĂ 2002 ćఄၷܷĂ 2001 ćౘ࠳֚Ă 2007 ćเฮ ௨Ă 2003 ćเฮ௨ڒӻटĂ 2005 ćዑϳ⎒Ă 2004ğĂጯఙࠧ၆ѩᛉ ᗟ۞ᙯڦ࠹༊ѣࢨĂ˫ͽ˯ֱࡁտӮͽд७ጯϠࠎࡁտ၆෪Ăإ Ϗѣࡁտ੫၆щཉ፟ၹ۞͌ѐĂ྾̙ۢࣇҋണ൴Ϡ۞፟தߏӎт઼ γࡁտٙϯĂྵ˘ਠ͌ѐᚑࢦĉࢋଳҖ۞ҋണ͞ёᄃநϤࠎңĉ
҃ྋᛖҋണҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯЯ৵˫ѣֱࣹĉώࡁտӈ୬࿅၁ᙋྤफ़ֽ аඍ˯ࡁտયᗟĂͽഇ൴णዋ༊۞֨ᄃ࿃ࢍ൪Ą
෮ă࠹ᙯ͛ᚥፋந
˘ăҋണ̝ؠཌྷă͞ёᄃநϤ
Ğ˘ğؠཌྷ ઼γѝഇ۞ࡁտــҋണĞself-mutilation, self-injuryğăҋ୭ Ğsuicide attemptğٕҋ๋Ğself-harmğೀ࣎ЩෟϹֹ̢ϡĂֹ̂छ ̙ҺᄮࠎֱҖࠎౌߏ˘ᇹ۞Ąܕѐ઼ֽγጯఙࠧᄮࠎֱЩෟมؠ ཌྷ۞̢ٕϡ۞ଐڶߏ̙ᑕྍхд۞ĂЯࠎҋ୭ᄃҋണ۰Җࠎࡦޢ ۞જ̙֭፟࠹ТĈҋ୭۰ѣѪ˸۞ຍဦĂҋണ۰՟ѣĄҋണ۰఼૱ ࿅Ч҇វ˯۞๋चͽᄊຍౄјূ൭ຏĂҖࠎ۞ϫ۞кΗдٺ൴ࠈ ଐჰܑٕ྿̙႕Ăᔵѣॡ࣏ᇹ۞ҋണҖࠎ˵Ξਕົ̙ຕጱѪ ˸Ăҭҋണ۰дҖજ఼̝݈૱֭՟ѣѪ˸۞જ፟ĞFavazza, 1998ğĄ ѩγĂҋ୭ߏࠎ˞ࢋϖᅈᗓϠ̚۞ࡴ൭Ă҃ҋണ۰ߏᖣѩֽЯ ᑕٕࢬ၆ଐჰ˯۞ᑅ˧Ăѣֱҋണ۰ࠤҌᄮࠎࣇͧҋ୭۞ˠĶ ķĂ Я ࠎ ࣇ Ᏼ ፄ ࢬ ၆ ă ҃ ܧ ᔖ ય ᗟ Ğ Muehlenkamp and Gutierrez, 2004ğĄώࡁտٙჍ۞Ķҋണķߏ࣎ˠ՟ѣѪ˸ຍဦٕ જ፟۞ҋԧണचҖࠎĂͷྍҖࠎົౄј༊ְˠ҇វ˯۞๋चᄃূ൭ ຏĂΒ߁тĈ౷ඦăͽའ፵๋ҋ̎ă೮ᒒăͽዟӀۏݡו๋֗វඈ ҖशĄ Ğ˟ğҋണ͞ё ϫ઼݈̰γ੫၆͌ѐҋണ͞ё۞ࡁտк൴னĂҋണ۰఼૱ົଳϡ ˘ͽ˯۞͞ёֽ๋चҋ̎ĞGratz, 2001; Laye-Gindhu and Schonert-Reichl, 2005 ćӕৌĂ 2007 ćౘ໓͛Ă 2006ğĂтౘ໓͛Ğ2006ğ۞ࡁտܮ൴னĂд 443 Ҝѣ࿅ҋണགྷរ۞͌ѐ̚Ă 24.8 Ʀ۞צణ۰ٙଳ Җ۞ҋണ͞ё̙Ϊ˘ĂӕৌĞ2007ğ۞צణ۰̚ѣ 70 Ʀ۞ˠ ܑϯଳϡ˘ͽ˯۞ҋണ͞ёĄ҃дᙷ˯Ă˯ࡁտ൴னͽӀጡ Ğт࡚̍˥ăࠟሬͯğ౷๋ٕထ๋૱֍Ăт፺๋ҋٕ̎ᇠχᒒ ጨ˵ߏ͌ѐཏ૱֍۞ҋണ͞ёĂΩౘ໓͛Ğ2006ğ۞ࡁտ൴னĂѣ ͌ᇴצణ۰ܑϯд֗វ˯וܦٕࡍ߽၁˵ߏҋണ۞ඕڍĄѣֱࡁտ ĞFliege et al., 2006; Taylor, 2003; ӕৌĂ 2007ğՀซ˘Վ̶ژֱҋ ണ͞ё۞मளّޢ൴னĂ̚хдĶշ̃ѣҾķ۞ன෪Ă఼૱շّ ົଳϡྵ̳ฟͷണᇷ፬ধ۞ҋണ͞ڱĂт೮χᒒጨĞർۏğăၬχҋ ̎ăԶᕝᐝćّ҃̃ଳϡྵ̙̳ฟ۞͞ёĂт౷๋ăٛԵᐝጀĄ Ϥٺշّٙଳϡ۞ҋണ͞ёــटٽజෛࠎ˘ຍγ๋चĂЯѩдҤ ზշّҋണҖࠎॡࡶ՟ѣ҂ณֱྵ̳ฟͷᇷ˧ّ۞͞ёॡĂҋ ണ۞఼ּͧ૱ಶົّͧ̃ҲĞLaye-Gindhu and Schonert-Reichl, 2005ğĄࠎᔖҺѣٙழ႒Ăώࡁտдᑭෛҋണ͞ёॡĂੵ˞ොځྍ Җࠎѣ๋चҋ̝̎જ፟γĂ˵ЕᓝЧ͞ёĂͽܮϒቁೠ೪ҋണ ˠᇴĄ ĞˬğҋണநϤĈᄵ൴Я৵ ၆༊ְˠ҃֏ĂҋണҖࠎј˞࣎ˠдࢬ၆ӧဩॡ˘ϲӈّ۞Я ᑕඉரĂѩҖࠎ၆࣎វѣࢦࢋຍཌྷĄдࡁտ࣎វҋ୭ҖࠎॡĂ઼̰ ጯ۰ధ͛ᚹӓࡻራĞ1995ğ೩˞ၙّ።Ğchronic processğᄃ ާّ።Ğacute processğ۞࠻ڱĂࣇᄮࠎҋ୭۞யϠࢋߏགྷϤ ѩ࣎ࢦࢋ።̢જ҃ј۞ĈٙᏜၙّ።ߏܜഇ᎕۞̰γд ࢬᇆᜩ࿅Ă҃ާّ።ߏϠ߿̚ࡎ൴۞ᑅ˧ְІĂ༊۰Ъ׀ॡ ܮ̙Һ͔൴ҋ୭ҖࠎĄѩၙّᄃާّ።۞ኢ˵д઼̰੫၆ܦ͌̃ ҋണҖࠎ۞ࡁտ̚ז˞͚Ğเฮ௨Ă 2003 ćเฮ௨ڒӻटĂ 2005ğĂᇆᜩ͌ѐҋണயϠ۞࠹ᙯЯ৵ಶтТၙّ።۞ĶᅈЯķĂ҃
ܳ൴ଳפҋണ۞ࣧЯಶј˞ާّ።̚۞ᄵ൴Я৵Ąߏ߇ԧࣇࡶਕ ᄮᙊҋണ۞நϤĂܮΞޥ҂д࿃˯ᑕଳפ̦ᆃᇹ۞ആඉரĂֽ ᑒӄ͌ѐԼតҋണҖࠎĂֹ͕ந˯۞ᅮՐ̪ͽ႕֖Ą Rodham et al. Ğ2004ğഅ੫၆̱˼кҜ˘ਠдጯ͌ѐ۞ҋണҖࠎ ซҖአߤĂࣇ൴னĂࡗ 300 ҜТጯഅͽ౷๋ٕڇᘽ͞ёֽ๋चҋ ̎Ă༊ࣇซ˘Վྙયֱˠҋണ۞நϤޢ൴னĂ૱ឰࣇ๋चҋ ̎۞நϤֶԔࠎĈឰҋ͕̎̚۞൭ࡴຏᛇͽනቤăᘂჳҋ̎ăឰˠ ۢҋ̎ဩѣкᆃ۞ᒷăᑂᑂҾˠă͔ˠڦຍĂͽ̈́ಡೇˠඈĄ ӕৌĞ2007ğ۞ࡁտ൴னĂ͌ѐҋണҖࠎкߏࠎ˞Яᑕҋ֗۞ᅮ Րᄃٙࢬᓜ۞ᑅ˧Ă҃ܧΪߏࠎ˞ᒔפ۞ˠڦຍٕۤົྤćѩ γĂ༊ְˠдҋണ̝݈ٙ۞ଐჰкߏШ۞Ğтཋೋຏă௧ऺ ͕ğĂЯࠎࣇͣᖼொڦຍ˧۞ଐჰአྋਕ˧Ă߇ــΪਕ࿅ҋ ണ۞͞ёֽԴ൴ֱШଐჰĄ Conterio and LaderĞ1998ğᄮࠎĂҋ ണҖࠎ၆ٺ༊ְˠ҃֏ߏ˘ЯᑕඉரĞcoping strategyğĂΞͽᑒӄ ࣇநϠ߿ٙࢬᓜ۞ᑅ˧Ăᖣͽஐ̼͕֗ីĄ Ϥͽ˯ࡁտඕڍΞͽ࠻ĈҋണҖࠎ၆༊ְˠߏ˘఼͞ёĂ ˘ᖣͽྋՙયᗟăЯᑕᑅ˧ăҋԧᘂჳă྿זଠטăٕ྿זߙഇ ޞ۞გĄҋണ۰ԓ୕ᖣϤᇹ۞Җજࠎҋ̎൴ᓏĂܑ྿ҋ̎ڱ ϡ֏ᄬ఼۞ଐჰᄃຐڱĂᔵᇹ۞Җࠎ̙֭జۤົ૱ሀٙତצĂ ҭಶߙޘ҃֏ĂҋണҬͼਕૉᇶॡ྿זࣇٙഇ୕۞ඕڍĂ҃ͷ ࣎Җࠎ๋ͧचҾˠࢋщБк˞ĞSelekman and King, 2001ğĄᖣϤ၆ ҋണநϤ۞˞ྋĂԧࣇΞͽซ˘Վޥ҂ᑒӄࣇ۞͞ёĂֹࣇ̙ υГᖣϤҋണҖࠎֽࢬ၆Ϡ̚۞ӧဩĄ
˟ă࠹ᙯྋᛖЯ৵Ĉҋണ۞ᅈЯ
˯ҋണநϤ۞ଣտѣӄٺԧࣇநྋྍҖࠎ۞ᄵ൴Я৵Ăͽ˭ ଳפధ͛ᚹӓࡻራĞ1995ğٙ೩̝ၙّ።۞ĶᅈЯķໄهֽፋ
நᄃ͌ѐᙯܼྵ̷̝࣎ˠᄃᒖဩЯ৵၆щཉޢҋണҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩĄ Ğ˘ğᇎଐჰ ᇎ၆ٺ͌ѐ͕֗ౌົயϠᚑࢦ۞̙։ޢڍĂͷᇆᜩໂΞਕؼ ᜈזјѐഇĄ၆ٺତצ፟ၹщཉ۞͌ѐ҃֏ĂЯࠎјܜ࿅̚జ๋च ۞གྷរĂГΐ˯ᄃछˠ̶ᗓ̈́జщଵซˢะវ̼۞Ϡ߿ଐဩ̚Ă͕ நઉ۞ᛉᗟಶՀࣃ࠹ᙯຽڦຍĄ઼γ˘ี੫၆ࣣซˢዳវր ۞ጯ᛬ආ̝ᇎଐჰ۞ෞҤࡁտܮ൴னĂֱޅ̄ᇎଐჰ۞̈́ ېڶᅈ౼ٺ՟ѣజዳ۞Т᛬ޅ̄ĞAllen et al., 2000ğĄ҃࠹ྵٺซ ˢዳछलĂତצ፟ၹщཉ۞ආ͌ѐ̝͕நઉېڶՀमĂЯࠎ ซˢ፟ၹ۞͌ــߏЯዳछल̏ᗝ႕ٕߏڱତצ۞၆෪Ă҃፟ ၹࢨטొ̶ҋϤĞؠүिᄃ˘ఢቑğ۞Ϡ߿ሀёՀᆧࣇዋ ᑕ ˯ ۞ ӧ ᙱ Ă ߇ ֱ ޅ ̄ ۞ ଐ ჰ ᄃ ͕ ந ઉ ې ڶ ఼ ૱ ྵ ̙ ᘦ ؠ ĞGibbs and Sinclair, 1999; Stein et al., 1994; ӻ৷ඈĂ 2003 ćౘ໓ ͛Ă 2008ğĄ઼̰˘Њ੫၆ߙֈρੰٙ̚צࢅ̝͌ჟৠঽநপᇈ۞ ࡁտ൴னĞӻ৷ඈĂ 2003ğĈдତצෞҤ۞ 44 Щ 3-19 ໐۞ੰආ ̚Ă 95 Ʀ۞࣎९ѣ̰дّ۞ଐჰӧᕘયᗟĂ̚к۞ܮߏᇎা Ğ32 Ʀğć҃ౘ໓͛Ğ2008ğ੫၆઼̰щཉ፟ၹ̰͌ѐᇎଐჰ۞አ ߤ˵൴னĂд 548 Ҝצణᇹώ̚Ăᅅޘᇎ۰Κ 12.9 ƦĂ̚ޘᇎ۰ Κ 16.8 ƦăࢦޘᇎΚ˞ 15.7 ƦĂΞ֍፟ၹ̰ޅ̄۞ᇎଐڶߏࣃ ࢦෛ۞ᛉᗟĄ ੵ˞ѣࡁտពϯĂاҝдщཉ፟ၹ۞͌ྵटٽࢬᓜዋᑕᄃᇎ ඈଐჰ˯۞ӧᕘĂధкࡁտ˵൴னĂϤٺҋണҖࠎѣԴ൴ᑅ˧۞Α ਕĂ߇ҋണــјࠎᇎଈ۰῁ྋ̰͕ࢬଐჰ۞ࢦࢋგĂҋണ۰ дᇎଐჰ۞̶˯ــٺܧҋണ۰ĞFavazza,1998; Garrison et al., 1993; Ross and Heath, 2002; Tyler et al., 2003; ౘ࠳֚Ă 2007ğĄ Hawton et al.Ğ1999ğࠎ˞ࢋซ˘Վᗃᇎଐჰ͕̈́நЯ৵ҋണҖࠎ
̝ม۞࠹ᙯّĂ྾Тॡᑭീ͌ѐᇎଐჰăྋՙયᗟਕ˧ᄃҋ၆ҋ ണҖࠎ۞ᇆᜩĂඕڍ൴னĈдଠט˞ᇎଐჰޢĂྋՙયᗟਕ˧ᄃҋ ౌڱྋᛖҋണҖࠎĂϤѩΞ֍Ăᇎଐჰ˜ߏྋᛖ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ ˘࠹༊ࢦࢋ۞Я৵Ąౘ࠳֚Ğ2007ğ۞ࡁտ˵൴னĂдྋᛖ͌ѐҋണ Җࠎ۞࠹ᙯЯ৵̚Ăᇎଐჰߏ࣎࠹༊ѣྋᛖ˧۞ࢦࢋЯ৵Ăᇎ ଐჰ̶۰ĂҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞፟தಶĄ Ğ˟ğ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצ ᔵѣኢᄮࠎ͌ѐ۞ҋണҖࠎޝटٽצזТጓ۞ᇆᜩ҃൴ϠĂ ҭ၆ٺاҝд፟ၹ̰۞ˠ҃֏Ăᇹ۞็ߖன෪տౣΪߏצזТጓ۞ ᇆᜩĂᔘߏΩѣࣧЯĉѝഇѣࡁտ۰൴னĂ൴Ϡдତצދౕёщཉ វր۰۞ҋണҖࠎĂــ˵צז፟ၹგநٙᇆᜩĂ༊፟ၹგநሀёឰ జщཉ۰ᛇ̙ЪநॡĂࣇܮົྏဦͽҋണ۞͞ёܑ྿ԩᛉٕᇙ ޤĂѩॡ፟ၹࡶਕԼតგநඉரĂឰజщཉ۰̙ࢋயϠ͉࿅ࢬଐ ჰ۞ྖĂะវҋണ۞ଐڶܮົᒔԼචĞCrabtree and Grossman, 1974ğĄ EppsĞ1997ğдణኘೀҜତצщཉ۞ࡻ઼͌̃ॡ˵൴னĂ၆ ٺֱ͌̃҃֏Ăҋണߏсࣇ̙႕፟ၹٙనఢቑ۞˘ԩᛉҖशĄ ઼̰ధк͌ѐ၆щཉ፟ၹ۞̙႕˵ــٺგந͞ёᄃטޘĄ ఼૱Տ˘࣎щཉ፟ၹౌົనؠ̰ొ۞გந፟טĂͷкͽϠ߿ٕҖࠎ˯ ۞ఢቑࠎĂ఼૱Β߁α͞ࢬĈ˘ߏপؠҖࠎ۞༰טĂт̙ਕ٩ă ੧ăӛ߲ăᄃˠχߛă̙ਕ፟ၹ̰۞ˠኘຑඈć˟ߏඕၹ̼ ۞Ϡ߿үिщଵĂт፟ၹົטؠ˘इүिॡมܑĂឰщཉ͌ѐۢң ॡྍઇֱ̦ᆃĂΒ߁χବ̍үңॡԆјăጯ७үຽңॡࢋᆷԆĂͽ̈́ ؠ۞ჂᛇॡมඈćௐˬߏҖࠎ۞ࢨטĂтٸጯޢࢋϲגаֽă̙ਕ дγఽĂ၃ވ̰ચࢋܲፋᆅሒĂࢋ߹య˘ֱ̳ВְચඈĄ ޢߏҖࠎ۞ረᐽᄃჳĂ఼૱͌ѐ࿁ͅ˯ఢቑಶυืତצ ჳĂтĈ༰֖ăჳ৭ٕჳӱăԨᆷүຽඈćረᐽߏࠎ˞ֹ͌ѐჯ
р۞ҖࠎĂּтග̟ᗝγ۞ϡăᆧΐ˯შॡมĂΞҋϤซ፟ၹ ඈĞTriseliotis and Russell, 1984; ࡧჅำĂ 2002ğĄ
Ϥٺ፟ၹፉᜪᄃିዳ͌ѐ۞యЇĂ߇ఢቑ۞నཉ˜Ξݓ ܧĂಶт˘ਠछल˵ѣٙᏜ۞ĶछఢķćΪߏ၆జщཉ۞͌ѐֽᄲĂ ѣֱఢቑ̰टពឰࣇயϠజଠט۞ຏᛇĞFriman et al., 1996ğĂЯ ѩ༊યזֱ͌ѐ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞࠻ڱॡĂ૱֍۞ͅᑕಶߏఢቑ͉ᚑ ॾă՟ᇅّĞBerridge and Brodie, 1998ğĄ̙࿅ĂϤٺ࣎ˠ၆ఢቑ̰ ट۞៍ຏ̙˘ؠ࠹ТĂ߇Тᇹ۞ఢቑ̰ट̙֍ᒔТᇹ۞ଐჰͅ ᑕĂܑᇆᜩଐჰͅᑕ۞ߏ࣎ˠ៍၆ఢቑ̰உ۞ຏצĄೱ֏̝Ă щཉ͌ѐ၆ఢቑ۞៍ᄮۢͧఢቑ۞кဿՀਕᇆᜩଐჰĂ߇ώࡁտ ࢦдᑭෛ࣎ˠ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצă҃ܧ፟ၹఢቑ۞кဿ၆ҋണ Җࠎ۞ᇆᜩĄ ĞˬğТጓҋണགྷរ ࠹၆ٺયᗟҖࠎĂҋണҖࠎ۞Ķ็ߖّķĞcontagionğــ ߏ̙࣎टజنர۞ᛉᗟĄٙᏜ۞็ߖன෪ߏĶдТ˘͇ٕాᜈೀ͇ ̰Ă൴Ϡд֗ٺТ˘ᒖဩ̚ˠٕՀкˠ֗˯۞ҋണҖࠎķĞRosen and Walsh, 1989ğĂѩன෪૱൴ϠдజщཉٺދౕវրĞΒ߁᜕ܲ ّăᒣڼّٕڼᒚّ۞፟ၹğ̰۞͌ѐ֗˯Ą 1994 ѐ 5 ͡มέΔᎩߙ ઼̚˵അ൴ϠТࡗ 20 ЩጯϠд˘ฉ̰జ൴னѣĶะវķҋണ۞ன ෪Ă͔҃छܜᄃۤົ࠹༊̂۞ᙯ̷ĞᓑЪಡĂ 2004ğĄ˘ਠᄮࠎĂ Тጓ̝มะវ۞ҋണҖࠎߏݭ۞Ķጯ௫ᄃሀϼķ۞ඕڍĂপҾߏ൴ Ϡдܦ͌ѐཏ۞ҋണҖࠎć҃༊ᐝҋണ۞͌ѐߏТጓ̚ѣᅳጱ ۰̶ٕ֗ࠎкᇴˠٙଯૣ۞၆෪ॡĂౄј۞ᇆᜩົ̂ĞOffer and Barglow, 1960ğĄ ၆ٺاҝдщཉ፟ၹ۞͌ѐ҃֏ĂѩТጓ۞ᇆᜩّՀߏࢦࢋĂЯ ࠎֱ͌ѐഈ́࠹ĂֹТጓ̝ม۞ҋണҖࠎՀटٽజ೬ᜨֽć
҃ѣॡࣇ˵ົ࿅؆ม̍үˠࣶˠ˧ྵ͌۞ॡ࣏ะវҋണĂᖣ̍ үˠࣶநયᗟিٺ؋̝ᅫĂͽପ᜕ˠᗓ፟ၹĞEpps, 1997ğĄᔵкᇴࡁտᄮࠎĂะវҋണкΗЯࠎТጓ̝ม۞ጯ௫ᄃሀ ϼٙĂ̙࿅˵ѣࡁտ൴னĂщཉ፟ၹ̰۞ะវҋണҖࠎ̙֭ߏಏ৷ ۞ሀϼጯ௫Ă҃ߏاҝд˘۞ޅ̄˘ĶଈᙱᄃВķ۞ܑ྿͞ё ĞRoss and McKay, 1979ğĂ߇༊֗ᙝѣк۞ТጓҋണॡĂ͌ѐҋ
ണ۞፟தಶົĄ Тጓҋണགྷរੵ˞ѣۡତड़ڍγĂѣࢶപጯ۰дᄃҋണ͌ѐซ Җኳّణኘޢ൴னĂ࣎ˠߏӎົϼड़Тጓ۞ҋണҖࠎ˜פՙٺ࣎ˠ၆ ҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮТޘĄ၆ٺྵᄮТ֭ତৼҋണҖࠎ۞ˠ҃֏ĂТጓ۞ ҋണགྷរಶѣᇆᜩ˧Ăҭ၆ٺ̙ᄮТѩҖࠎ۞ˠ҃֏ĂТጓҋണགྷ រ۞ᇆᜩಶྵ̙ពĞYip et al., 2002ğĄϤѩΞ֍Ă၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮ ТԷႊ˞Тጓҋണགྷរᄃ࣎ˠҋണҖࠎ̝ม۞̬̚֎ҒĄ Ğαğ၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮТޘ ၆ٺ༊ְˠ҃֏ĂҋണҖࠎߏѣΑਕّ۞ĂΞͽᑒӄࣇந ࢬ۞ଐჰăЯᑕᑅ˧ăྋՙӧဩĂٙͽд៍۞ຍᙊ̚Ăֱˠ఼ ૱ົᄮТҋണҖࠎĄߏ߇ĂࣇкΗ̙ົ၆ҋണҖࠎٱࢬ۞៍ ຏć҃༊ࣇ൴னѣˠҋണ۞ॡ࣏Ă˵̙ົෛࠎ˘ઐमٕߏ̙༊ ۞ҖࠎĂ҃ߏତৼᇹ۞ҖࠎĂࠤҌ༊ҋ̎˵࿃זᙷҬ۞ېڶॡົЯ ҃ϼड़Ăࡶҋണ̝ޢ˵ᑒӄࣇĶྋՙķ˞ߙֱӧᕘ۞ྖĂ͟ޢ ଳפҋണҖࠎֽࢬ၆Тᇹયᗟ۞፟தಶົᆧΐĄҘ͞ӈѣ͛ᚥពϯĂ ࠹ྵҋണགྷរ۰Ăѣҋണགྷរ۞ˠ၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ତৼᄮТޘྵ Ă ̚ ˫ ͽ к Ѩ ҋ ണ ۰ ၆ ѩ Җ ࠎ ۞ ᄮ Т ޘ Ğ Carroll and Anderson, 2002; Rodham et al., 2004ğĄ၆ٺֱᄮТҋണҖࠎ۞ˠ҃ ֏ĂࡶࢋԼតࣇĂืଂᄮۢ۞࣒ϒ͘ĂםӄԼតͽҋണү ࠎྋՙયᗟѣड़͞ڱ۞៍هćΪࢦдҖࠎԼតԫఙ۞ඉர၆ٺֱ
ˠ҃֏ڱ൴೭͉̂۞ड़ڍĄ
Ğ̣ğଠטតี
ώࡁտّҾᄃщཉ݈۞ҋണҖࠎநࠎଠטតีĄѣᙯҋണҖ ࠎߏӎѣّҾमள۞ኢĂϫ݈Яࡁտඕڍ̢ள҃Ϗਕѣ˘ّ۞࠻ ڱĈѣֱࡁտϏ൴னّҾमளன෪ĞBriere and Gil, 1998; Garrison et al., 1993ğćҭѣֱࡁտ൴னّҾमளېڶĂͷ఼૱ّ̃ҋണ۞ͧ ּٺշّĞLipschitz et al., 1999; Ross and Heath, 2002; Zila and Kiselica, 2001; ౘ໓͛Ă 2006ğĄᔵͽ˯ֱࡁտ၆෪ѣᓜԖ९ּ˵ ѣ˘ਠдጯϠĂҭݒ՟ѣͽщཉ͌ѐઇࠎ၆෪۞ّҾमளͧྵĂࠎҺ ّҾमளன෪ᇆᜩҋണҖࠎĂ߇ώࡁտநјଠטតีĄ
Ϥٺ઼̰γӮѣࡁտពϯĂҋണــ̙ߏઊ൴۞Ăࢦኑனҋണ Җࠎ۞ˠᇴּͧᅈкٺΪѣ 1 Ѩ۞ˠĞGratz, 2001; Haw et al., 2007; Nixon et al., 2008; Ross and Heath, 2002; ӕৌĂ 2007ğĄ၆ࢦኑҋണ ۞ˠ҃֏Ăҋണ̏јࠎࣇநયᗟٕᑅ˧۞ၚϡ͞ёĂҭઊ൴۰ ̙ႽߏтѩĄдҋണҖࠎࢦኑன۞ּͧઐ۞ଐڶ˭Ăώࡁտ྾ щཉ͌ѐซˢщཉ፟ၹ݈۞ҋണҖࠎЕࠎଠטតีĂͽՀӔன ྋᛖЯ৵ᄃщཉޢҋണҖࠎ̝࠹ᙯّĄ
ˬă̈ඕ
ტЪͽ˯઼̰γ͛ᚥྤफ़Ξͽ൴னĈ͌ѐ۞ҋണҖࠎߏࣃԧࣇ ᙯڦ۞ᛉᗟĂ҃൴Ϡдщཉ፟ၹ͌ѐ۞ҋണன෪ՀᅮࢋΝᒢྋᄃᙯ ͕Ăԧࣇࡶߏా̏ซˢ᜕ܲវր۰۞ҋണҖࠎౌڱந۞ྖĂ˫т ңਕᑒӄࣇࢬ၆Ϡ̚Հк۞ᑅ˧ĉѣ၆ֱ͌ѐҋണ۞͞ёă நϤĂͽ̈́ྋᛖЯ৵ѣٙᄮᙊĂԧࣇ̖ѣΞਕซ˘Վ൴णዋ༊۞ ٕ֨࿃ඉரĂឰֱޅ̄ਕૉ̙Г࿅ҋԧ๋चֽநϠ̚۞ ӧဩĄણăࡁտ͞ڱ
˘ăࡁտనࢍᄃࡁտߛၹ
Ϥٺ઼γ၆ѩᗟ̏ѣֱ࠹ᙯ၁ᙋࡁտᄃኢ೩ֻۢᙊૄᖂĂ߇ ଳϡณ̼۞ࡁտ͞ڱĂٙ۞၁ᙋྤफ़д࿅ዋ༊۞ଯኢࢍ̶ژ ޢĂਕ၆ϫ઼݈̰۞࠹ᙯڇચ೩఼ّ۞ޙᛉĄд࿅઼̰γ ࠹ᙯ͛ᚥ۞ፋநޢΞ൴னĈᇎଐჰă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצĂͽ̈́Тጓ ҋണགྷរࠎྋᛖ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ࢦࢋЯ৵Ă҃Тጓҋണགྷរ၆ٺ ҋണҖࠎ۞ྋᛖ˜ߏ࿅༊ְˠ၆ѩҖࠎ۞ᄮТޘ҃யϠĄፂѩĂ ώࡁտనĈдଠט˞ّҾᄃซˢщཉ፟ၹ݈۞ҋണᐛதޢĂᇎଐ ჰ̶ă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצࢬ۰ĂҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ᐛதಶ ć҃Тጓҋണགྷរ၆ҋണᐛத۞ᇆᜩפՙٺ༊ְˠ၆ѩҖࠎ۞ ᄮТޘ҃ؠĂࡶ֗ᙝҋണТጓкĂͷ͌ѐ၆ѩҖࠎᄮТ۞ྖĂ ҋണ۞ᐛதĞ֍ဦ 1ğĄ ဦ 1 ώࡁտߛၹဦ˟ăࡁտ၆෪ᄃᇹώ
ώࡁտ̝ࡁտϓវࠎࡁտેҖഇมاҝٺщཉ፟ၹ̝͌ѐĂЯ҂ ณ͌ѐࣣࣣซˢ፟ၹॡ̪ٺዋᑕล߱Ăྵ̙ዋЪᔛኛણᄃࡁտĂ ߇ͽซˢщཉ፟ၹҌ͌ฉ̝͌ѐࠎአߤ၆෪ĄϤٺώࡁտ۞አߤ၆ ෪ࠎֶڱତצ፟ၹщཉ̝͌ѐĂЯѩд٩ᇹ۞࿅̚ᅮࢋАᇈྙ؎ ಏҜͽ̈́щཉ፟ၹ۞ТຍĂ̝ޢГϤщཉ፟ၹࠎᇈྙ͌ѐણᄃ۞ຍ ᙸĂͽЪࡁտࣖநĄдѩ݈೩҂ณ˭ĂώࡁտАॲፂ̰߆ొආԊ შ৭༊ॡ̳ٙҶ۞ྤफ़ĂᘲЕ઼̰Ğӣܛܝăመസᗓफğϫ݈ٙѣ щཉ͌ѐ۞Ӏᄃֈρ፟ၹВ 73 छĞ37 छֈρ፟ၹă 36 छ͌ѐщཉ ፟ၹğĄᓑඛԔ̶ࠎ࣎ล߱Ăௐ˘ล߱˜ٺ 2006 ѐ 3 ͡ܐҌ 95 ѐ 3 ̚͡џА็ৌ˘Њצణຍᙸአߤܑග 73 छ፟ၹĂ็ৌ̰टᄲځώ ࡁտ̝ϫ۞̈́ࡁտၡࢋĂ֭ྙય፟ၹߏӎТຍឰщཉ͌ѐણᄃีࡁ տĄдྤफ़็ৌ˘ฉޢĂГΝྙયϏаᖬ็ৌ̝፟ၹ۞ણᄃຍᙸć ࡶЯщཉ፟ၹᛳّ҃ืϯ̳͛Ϧኛ۰ĂϺᑕ፟ၹࢋՐ೩ϦኛĂд ௐ˘ล߱ܐՎአߤඕՁޢĂٺд 3 ͡˭џҌ 4 ͡˯џഇมͽฎ͞ё યסਖ਼Ҍௐ˘ล߱Тຍצణ̝щཉ፟ၹĂᄲځࡁտࣖநᄃ࠹ᙯࡁտ ְآĂ֭ܢ˯ௐ˟ЊצణຍᙸአߤܑĄ࿅тѩᓑᘭᔛࡗ۞ԔĂඕ ڍВѣ 27 छ፟ၹТຍώࡁտ݈ـซҖአߤ̍үĂ̚ΔડĞӣέΔ ̈́ॿѻࡺğѣ 8 छĂڌડĞӣآᜋă܅ቷğѣ 7 छĂ̚ડĞέ̚ăݑ Ըăၓ̼ăำڒğѣ 5 छĂݑડĞέݑăฯğѣ 6 छĂͽ̈́ᗓफ 1 छĄֱТຍତצአߤ۞፟ၹщཉ̚Ъ୧І̝ᓁ͌ѐˠᇴࠎ 686 ˠĂаќયסᇴࠎ 588 ЊĂણᄃத྿ 85.7 ƦĄдљੵड़યס 12 Њ ޢĂВѣड़યס 576 ЊĄдّҾ̶ο˯Ăώࡁտّ̃̚Ğ55.7 Ʀğ кٺշّĞ44.3 ƦğĄצణ͌ѐπӮѐ᛬ࠎ 15.3 ໐ĞSD = 1.7ğĂπӮ щཉॡมࡗࠎ 37 ࣎͡Ąˬăតีᄃീณ̍
ώࡁտࢋଳϡ˘ֱᇾ̼۞ֽ̍ീณࢦࢋតีĂ༊ٙ୬ࡁտ ̝ໄهனхͷዋ༊۞ീณ̍ॡĂણ࠹ᙯ͛ᚥҋҖనࢍયᗟĄ ਬЧࢋតี۞ؠཌྷᄃീณ͞ё̶ٺ˭Ĉ
Ğ˘ğҋണҖࠎ۞ᐛதă͞ёᄃநϤ
ѩొ̶ඕЪҋണҖࠎෞҤ̍ĞThe Function Assessment of Self-Mutilation ĂᖎჍ FASMğĞTyler et al., 2003ğͽ̈́ Nada-Raja et al. Ğ2004ğॲፂ઼ᅫ়ঽ̶ᙷĞInternational Classification of Diseases Ă ᖎჍ ICD-9ğٙ೩۞ҋണ͞ёĂЪ׀ޢВᘲЕ 12 ҋണ͞ёĂ֭ᆧ ΐௐ 13 ีĶķ̝ᏴีĄѩีдྙય͌ѐҝซ፟ၹ݈ޢߏӎѣҋ ണҖࠎăᐛதă͞ё̈́ࣧЯඈĄώณܑ۞̰टтĈĶҰߏӎഅགྷ߇ຍ ౷๋ٕထ๋ҋ̎ĉķăĶҰߏӎഅགྷ߇ຍϡ˧ٛԵҋ̎۞ᐝጀĉķă ĶҰߏӎഅགྷ߇ຍϡࢶඵٕͫॻֽ፺๋ҋ̎ĉķඈĄצణ۰ֶፂٙౘ ۞̰टܑ྿ĶߏķٕĶӎķĂ˲ѣ˘ีаඍࠎĶߏķ۰ܮܑഅ གྷѣ࿅ҋണགྷរĄ၆ٺѣҋണགྷរ۰Ăώࡁտ˵ซ˘ՎྙયࣇĈྍ ҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ᐛதĂᏴีΒ߁ĈΪѣ 1 ѨăઊႬĞࡗΗѐ 1 Ѩğăѣ ॡĞࡗ 1 ࣎͡ 1 ѨğĂͽ̈́૱૱Ğࡗ 1 ฉ 1 ѨğඈĄ дҋണநϤ͞ࢬĂώࡁտٺણ҂઼γ࠹ᙯ͛ᚥޢ೩ 20 ҋണ ۞நϤֻצణ۰ҋҖ̺ᏴĞRodham, Hawton and Evans, 2004; Nixon et al., 2002; Matsumoto et al., 2004; Selekman and King, 2001ğĂౘ̰ट тĈĶԧຐឰˠۢҋ̎۞ଐڶѣкᆃᒷķăĶԧຐࢋჳԧҋ̎ķă ĶԧຐࢋᑂᑂˠķăĶԧຐࢋ῁ྋ̰͕۞൭ࡴᄃᑅ˧ķăĶԧຐࢋ͔ ˠछ۞ڦຍķඈĂͽ̈́நϤĞϤצణ۰ҋҖౘğඈĂצణ۰ Ξಶҋ̎۞ଐڶ̺ᏴٙѣЪҋ̎ଐڶ۞நϤĞĶߏķٕĶӎķğĄ
Ğ˟ğᇎଐჰ
ώࡁտଳϡ֓ҹĞBeck and Steer, 1993ğٙ൴ण۞ᇎณܑĞBeck Depression InventoryĂᖎჍ BDIğֽീณᇎଐჰĄĶ֓ҹᇎณܑķ ߏ࣎జᇃھϡֽෞҤ࣎ˠᇎଐჰ۞ᖎٽณܑĂྍณܑВѣ 21 ᗟĂࢍ ̶ݭၗࠎ 4 ᕇณܑĂϤ 0 ז 3 ֽܑϯЧাې۞ᚑࢦޘĂΐᓁ̶ ܑᇎଐჰᚑࢦĄࣧۍ֓ҹᇎณܑд 1996 ѐซҖ࣒ࢎޢ҃ѣ ˞ௐ 2 ۍĂѩۍώෞҤ۞ॡมϤࣧА۞˘ฉؼܜࠎฉĂ֭੫၆ొ ̶̰टซҖ࣒ϒֹᗟຍՀࠎځቁĂᔘΐˢ˘ֱௐ 1 ۍ̚ϏЕҭд DSM-IV ̚జЕࠎᇎ෧ᕝ۞ᗟϫĂ࣒ϒޢ۞ۍώֶߏ 21 ᗟĂ ͷෞҤඕڍՀਕତܕ DSM-IV ᇎা۞෧ᕝĄ઼̰˵ٺ 2000 ѐϤ ౘِ͕Ğ2000ğᖙᛌј͛̚ۍĂ֭གྷϤᎊ։ඈˠĞ2002ğ੫၆ѩ ۍώ۞ܫड़ޘซҖᑭീĂඕڍ˵൴னѩۍώѣ։р̝ܫޘᄃड़ޘĂ ߇ώࡁտ྾ଳϡѩາ۞ۍώֽෞҤࡁտ၆෪۞ᇎଐჰĄѩณܑд ώࡁտᇹώ̚۞̰ొ˘ّܑன։рĞCronbach’s ɗ = 0.92ğĄ Ğˬğ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצ ̙Тщཉ፟ၹҋѣგந۞ఢቑĂտౣఢቑ̰टߏӎࠎĶᚑॾķ ၁ߏ˘៍۞ᄮؠĂԧࣇڱଂމ៍۞ఢቑีϫֽҿᕝщཉ͌ѐ ၆፟ၹࢋՐ۞࠻ڱĂ҃ͷ៍۞ຏצ၆࣎ˠ۞ᇆᜩــՀࠤٺމ៍۞ ᇾĂЯѩώࡁտ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצޘ̝ീณ˜ࢦд͌ѐ၆፟ၹ ఢቑ۞˘ֱ࠻ڱ៍ຏצĂٙᏜ۞ఢቑΒ߁၆छְ̍үăซ፟ ၹăϠ߿̳ࡗඈ࠹ᙯఢؠĂ҃ຏצࠎࣇ၆ֱఢؠፋវ۞៍ຏĄ ώࡁտࢋણ҂γ઼࠹ᙯࡁտĞDelfabbro et al., 2002ğٙనࢍ۞ય ᗟĂГᆧΐ˘ֱᄃ઼̰щཉ፟ၹఢቑ࠹ᙯ۞યᗟĂтĈĶԧಈᝌ྆ ˲ְౌֶఢؠ۞ॡมֽซҖ۞Ϡ߿͞ёĂķĶԧᛇ྆۞ఢؠޝ ЪநķăĶ྆۞ఢؠឰԧᛇޝ൭ࡴķඈĄώณܑВѣ 9 ᗟĂΒ߁ ϒШᄃШୃ۞ᗟϫĂଳ 4 ᕇ۞̶͞ёĂϤצణ۰੫၆Տ˘࣎ୃ
ܑ྿Тຍ۞ޘĂĶܧ૱Тຍķࢍ 4 ̶ăĶТຍķࢍ 3 ̶ăĶ̙ Тຍķࢍ 2 ̶ă̈́Ķܧ૱̙Тຍķࢍ 1 ̶ĂШୃ۞ᗟϫଳפͅ Шࢍ̶Ąΐᓁޢ̶ᇴĂܑ͌ѐ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ፋវຏצϒШĂ ѩณܑдώࡁտ̝̰ొ˘ّܼᇴࠎ 0.83 Ą ĞαğТጓҋണགྷរ д઼̰γ၆ٺܦ͌ѐᄃТጓมᙯܼ۞ࡁտкΗ੫၆ѣᗼّٕߏ ࿁ڱ۞П፟ҖࠎĂдณܑ͞ࢬإϏԱזѣᙯܦ͌ѐҋണᄃТጓᇆᜩ̝ ณܑĂ߇ώࡁտ۞дొ̶˜ણ҂઼γ၆Тጓᑅ˧ᄃܦ͌ѐП፟Җࠎ ĞSantor, et al., 2000ğăТጓ၆ܦ͌ѐӛҖࠎĞUnger and Rohrbach, 2002ğᄃܦ͌ѐТጓᄃᘽۏᑿϡĞHussong, 2001ğඈ۞࠹ᙯࡁտĂͽ ̈́˘ቔ੫၆፟ၹវט˭ҋണҖࠎĶ็ߖன෪ķ̝ኳّࡁտĞRosen and Walsh, 1989ğඈٙኢ۞ໄهࢬШ҃ҋࢎ 1 ЊĶТጓҋണགྷរķ ณܑĄώࡁտٙࠧؠ۞ТጓΒӣ͌ѐдҝซщཉ፟ၹޢٙତᛈז۞ ˠĂΒ߁Ĉр۞ڈ̓ăጯ७Тጯăγࢬ۞ڈ̓ăщཉ፟ၹ۞Тጓඈ ඈĄдീณ˯ࢦٺצణ۰̝ٙۢТጓҋണҖࠎ۞ѣĂ 0 ܑྍТ ጓ՟ѣҋണҖࠎĂ 1 ࠎѣҋണҖࠎćޢצణ۰ٙᆷ̝̙Тֽ Тጓ̝ҋണېڶΐᓁޢநјТጓҋണགྷរณܑĂᓁ̶ດܑϯ ٺщཉഇมٙགྷរז۞ТጓҋണགྷរкĄ Ğ̣ğ၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘ
၆ҋണᄮТޘ۞ീณ˜ણ҂ Yip et al.Ğ2002ğᄃ Austin and KortumĞ2004ğ੫၆ѣҋണགྷរ̝͌ѐ۞ኳّణኘඕڍበᄦ҃јĄѩ ณܑВࢍ 8 ᗟĂࢋྙયצణ۰၆ٺҋണҖࠎ۞࠻ڱĂౘ̰टтĈ Ķԧᛇҋണߏ̙р۞ҖࠎķăĶԧ࠻זҾˠҋണॡົᛇޝᅖķă Ķԧົᛇͽҋണ۞͞ёֽྋՙયᗟߏ՟ѣϡ۞ķĄдࢍ̶͞ࢬĂՏᗟ ͽ 1-4 ̶ֽឰצణ۰̺ᏴĂ 1 ܑĶܧ૱̙Тຍķă 2 ܑĶ̙Тຍķă
3 ܑĶТຍķă 4 ܑĶܧ૱ТຍķĂ̚ѣ 5 ᗟࠎͅШࢍ̶ᗟĂͅᖼ நޢΐᓁЧᗟ̶Ă̶ܑ၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘĄѩณܑд ώࡁտ̰ొ˘ّܑன։рĞCronbach’s ɗ = 0.82ğĄ
αăྤफ़ᄓะ͞ڱ
ώࡁտଳะវᆷઠЩયס۞͞ёĂٺ 2006 ѐ 2 ͡Ҍ 7 ͡มซҖ ྤफ़ᄓะ̍үĄะវᆷયס۞̂рдٺᜪ̈́צణ۰۞ᔳռĂࡶ ͽࢬణ͞ёซҖΞਕົֹצణ۰၆ߙֱᗟϫѣٙᔳᎍĂౄјࡁտड़ޘ ˯۞યᗟĄ˫Яࠎщཉ፟ၹౌѣؠ۞үिॡมĂဥវ߉ീࢋͧ࣎Ҿ ࢬణՀटٽેҖĄЯѩдᄃ፟ၹᓑᘭॡĂࡁտ̈ԆБ੨Ъ፟ၹ͌ѐ ਕૉણᄃયסᆷ۞ॡม݈ـ߉ീĂͷࢦ͌ѐણᄃຍᙸĄࠎඍᔁ֭ ᆧૻ͌ѐણᄃ۞જ፟Ăώࡁտ೩ֻՏҜણᄃ۰ 100 ̮۞ϡܛĄдય ס߉ീ۞࿅̚Ăώࡁտ̝ӄநӮБણᄃĂͽ೩ֻጱᄬ̈́дυࢋ ॡ೩ֻྋᛖᗟຍ۞םӄĄдϒё߉ീ̝݈Ăᔛኛז 8 Ҝщཉ፟ၹ͌ ѐᆷܐՎયסĂГॲፂޙᛉ࣒Լયס̰टޢؠቇĄ̣ăྤफ़ፋநᄃ̶ژ͞ڱ
ࡁտྤफ़ଳϡ SPSS for Windows 13.0 ۍइ྅హវந̝Ąٙѣ۞ યסྤफ़ౌАགྷϤ࿅ᐂበቅĞcodingğĂޢ˘˘Ꮾˢཝ̚Ąࠎቁ ܲྤफ़۞ݡኳĂྤफ़ޙᑫԆјޢӮΐͽు˘ͧ၆ăᑭෛĂͽԱΞਕ ۞ᏮቅᄱĂચυޞྤफ़ቁܲԆБᄱޢĂ͞ซҖྤफ̶़ژ۞̍үĄ ྤफ̶़ژ͞ࢬĂώࡁտА੫၆ٙѣតีઇೡّ۞ࢍ̶ژĂтѨᇴ Ѻ̶ͧăπӮᇴăᇾमඈĂޢซҖ࠹ᙯ̶ّژĄϤٺώࡁտֶ̝ តีѣѨԔᙯܼĂ߇ଳϡึԔّទᏭਫ਼ᕩ̶ژڱĞordered logistic regressionğซҖк̮ሀёᑭീĂึԔّទᏭਫ਼ᕩ၁ߏ˟̮ទᏭਫ਼ᕩ ۞ᕖणĂᖣϤซ፟த̝፟தͧࣃֽࢍზֶតีົརд̈ٺඈٺߙ ᙷᛳ۞፟தࠎརд̂ٺߙᙷᛳ፟த۞ࢺதĞAgresti and Finaly,1997ğĄ˫ЯّҾᄃщཉ݈ҋണᐛத̶ҾࠎᙷҾᄃึԔតีĂ߇дซ Җк̶̮ژ݈Аᑢ̼நĞdummy codedğĂ̚շّ̈́ҋ ണགྷរ۰ࠎણĄ
དྷăࡁտඕڍ
ͽ˭АӔனщཉ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ̝ېڶĂ̝ޢГᑭෛҋണҖࠎᄃ ᇆᜩѩҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯЯ৵Ąࠎቁܲྤफ़ݡኳĂώࡁտдซҖк̮ሀё̶ ژॡĂ่ܲѣԆፋྤफ़۰ĞN = 545ğćώࡁտ˵А੫၆ҋតี ซҖк̮ВቢّᑭീĂඕڍពϯҋតีม՟ѣВቢّ۞યᗟĄ˘ăҋണᐛதă͞ёᄃநϤ
ώࡁտצణ۰̚Ăܑϯҋ̎ซˢ፟ၹ݈ಶഅགྷҋണ۰ѣ 244 ˠ Ğ45.0 ƦğĂ҃ซˢщཉ፟ၹޢᔘഅགྷҋണ۞ˠᇴՀк˘ᕇĞn = 271 ĂΚ 50.0 ƦğĄซˢщཉ݈ҋണᐛதͽĶઊႬăࡗΗѐ 1 Ѩķ۰ кĂΚҋണ۰̚ 29.9 ƦĂѨࠎĶΪѣ 1 ѨķᄃĶѣॡķĂЧΚҋണ ˠᇴ 25 ƦĂĶ૱૱ķΚ˞ 20.1 Ʀćซˢщཉޢҋണᐛத͞ࢬ۞ଐ ڶ˵щཉ݈ᙷҬĂҭˠᇴ̶οּͧரѣ̙ТĂĶઊႬķ۰кĂΚ ҋണ۰̚ 33.9 ƦĂѨֶԔࠎĶΪѣ 1 ѨķĞ29.8 ƦğăĶѣॡķĞ25.2 ƦğăĶ૱૱ķĞ11.2 ƦğĄ ซˢщཉ፟ၹޢĂкˠܑϯϡ࿅۞ҋണ͞ёࠎĶ౷๋ٕထ๋ҋ ̎ķĞ69.4 ƦğĂѨࠎĶᇠᒒٕർۏķĞ50.7 Ʀğ̈́Ķၬχҋ ̎ķĞ42.5 ƦğĂϤٺ઼̰щཉ፟ၹ༰ͤ͌ѐӛĂ߇ͽ፺ֽ๋ҋണ۞ ˠᇴּͧܮྵ͌Ğྎ֍ܑ 1ğĄࡶซ˘Վ੫၆ҋണ۰ٙଳפ۞͞ёซҖ ّҾमள̶ّژޢ൴னĈĶ౷๋ٕထ๋ķĞɬ2 = 17.08, p < 0.001ğͽ ̈́Ķݕ๋ķĞɬ2 = 3.94, p < 0.05ğ͞ёѣព۞ّҾमளன ෪Ẵّଳפ͞ё۞ˠᇴྵշّкĂዶ͞ё࠰Ϗ֍ّҾमளன෪Ą ܑ 1 ҋണ͞ё۞̶οېڶĞΞኑᏴğ ֹϡ͞ڱ Ѻ̶ͧ ֹϡ͞ڱ Ѻ̶ͧ ౷๋ٕထ๋ҋ̎ 69.4 ℙҋ̎֗វ۞ߙొҜͽҕ 11.9 ᇠᒒٕᇠർۏ 50.7 ϡ˧ᇝᑡϩቲͽ߹ҕצ๋ 9.7 ၬχҋ̎ 42.5 ᕕҋ̎ 7.1 Թ๋ҋ̎ 24.6 ϡڌҘ೧ˢҋ̎۞ϥٕϩቲ 7.1 ݕ๋ҋ̎ 23.9 ፺๋ҋ̎ 3.7 ϡ˧ٛԵҋ̎۞ᐝጀ 15.7 Զᕝҋ̎۞ᐝ 1.5 дҋണநϤ͞ࢬĂܑϯҋണߏࠎ˞ࢋĶ῁ྋ̰͕۞൭ࡴᄃᑅ˧ķ ۰кĞ64.0 ƦğĂѨࠎĶࢫҲᑅ˧ķĞ55.8 ƦğăĶܑ྿ᇙޤķ Ğ51.7 ƦğćϤֱᇴፂΞͽ൴னĂ၆ٺҋണ۰҃֏Ăҋണــߏ˘ ྋՙ̰͕ࡴ۞߱͘ĂҌٺ˘ਠˠٙᄮؠྍҖࠎߏሀϼٕࠎ˞Тጓ ᄮТăତৼඈநϤౌд 20 Ʀͽ˭Ăზߏ͌ᇴćܑϯҋണߏࠎ˞ Ķຐࢋ͔ˠڦຍķٕĶࢋឰҾˠඍᑕҋ̎۞ࢋՐķ۰˵ౌ̙ז 10 Ʀ Ğྎ֍ܑ 2ğĄ ܑ 2 ҋണநϤ۞̶οېڶĞΞኑᏴğ நϤ Ѻ̶ͧ நϤ Ѻ̶ͧ ຐࢋ῁ྋ̰͕۞൭ࡴ 64.0 ߾ஐཋೋຏ 15.0 ຐࢋࢫҲᑅ˧ 55.8 ຐࢋಡೇߙˠ 14.2 ࠎ˞ܑ྿ᇙޤ 51.7 р؈ăሀϼ 13.5 ᖼொ၆̙ԣጸ۞ڦຍ˧ 35.2 ࠎ˞ו፬ 12.0 ઃͤ؝ಏᄃ۩۞ຏצ 33.3 ࠎ˞זڈ̓۞ᄮТତৼ 10.9 ຐࢋԩᛉ˘ֱ̙Ъந۞ְଐ 31.5 ຐࢋᑂᑂˠ 9.4 ຐࢋჳҋ̎ 25.5 ຐࢋ͔Ҿˠ۞ڦຍ 8.6 ઃͤ౫͢ăឰҋ̎ѣ߿۞ຏᛇ 19.1 ކӘԧ၆ҋ̎֗វ۞ҋᝋ 7.1 ຐឰˠۢҋ̎۞ېڶѣкᒷ 17.2 ຐࢋឰҾˠඍᑕҋ̎۞ࢋՐ 6.0 ຐࢋۢߙˠߏӎৌϒຑԧ 16.5 ڈ̓Ψԧᆃઇ 3.0
˟ăᇎଐჰ
дͽ֓ҹณܑෞҤצణ۰۞ᇎଐჰޢ൴னĂ̶Ҳࠎ 0 ̶Ă Ξ྿ 60 ̶ĂπӮ̶ࠎ 15.73ĞSD = 13.01ğĂϤѩᇾमᇴࣃΞ ͽ൴ன̶۞តளณޝ̂Ăܑϯצణ۰дᇎଐჰ˯۞ܑனमளّ ޝ̂Ğ̚Ҝᇴࠎ 12 ̶ğĄࡶಶᇎޘֽซҖ̶ޢĞᎊ։ඈĂ 2002ğĂѣ 60.6 Ʀ۞צణ۰̝ᇎଐჰ̶ᛳٺĶϒ૱ķĞ0-16 ̶ğ ۞ቑಛĂᅅޘᇎ۰Ğ17-22 ̶ğΚ 11.2 ƦĂ̚ޘᇎĞ23-30 ̶ğΚ ˞ 13.0 ƦĂ҃ᛳٺࢦޘᇎ۰Ğ31-63 ̶ğΚ˞ 15.2 ƦĄˬă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצ
д၆፟ၹఢቑ̝ຏצ͞ࢬĂ̂ొ̶۞͌ѐᛇ፟ၹЧีఢቑࢋՐ ᔘზЪநĂҭ̚ຏצྵम۞ีϫࠎĈĶд྆՟ѣᏱڱຐΝγࢬ ಶΝķĞ69.7 Ʀ۞צణ۰ܑϯТຍٕܧ૱ТຍğĂͽ̈́Ķ˲ְౌֶఢ ؠॡมֽซҖ۞Ϡ߿͞ёķĞ63.8 Ʀ۞צణ۰ܑϯТຍٕܧ૱ТຍğĂ ϤѩΞ֍Ă፟ၹఢቑ̚ឰࣇຏצྵࢬ۞ౌᄃצזࢨט۞Ϡ߿ଐဩ ѣᙯĄαăТጓҋണགྷរ
ѣᙯТጓᇆᜩ͞ࢬĂ 48.4 Ʀ۞צణ۰ܑϯࢋр۞ڈ̓അགྷѣ ࿅ҋണҖࠎĂͷֱҋണр̓̚ѣ 59.7 Ʀ۞ˠ̝ҋണགྷរ࿅ 3 ѨĂ ពϯҋണҖࠎ֭ܧઊ൴Ϡ۞ĄҌٺצణ۰ߏӎᏐீ࠻࿅ˠ ĞӣĈጯ७ТጯăТҝдщཉ፟ၹ۞ˠĂͽ̈́γࢬ۞ڈ̓ğҋണགྷរ ͞ࢬĂ 69.4 Ʀ۞ˠܑϯ࠻࿅ҾˠҋണĂֱ҃ˠ༊̚Ăͽҝдщཉ፟ ၹ۞ˠࠎкĂΚ 64.6 ƦĄϤͽ˯ᇴፂΞͽ൴னĂ̙ኢ͌ѐώ֗ߏӎ ѣҋണҖࠎĂкᇴצణ۰ౌତᛈ࿅ѣҋണགྷរ۞ТጓĂΞ֍࣎Җࠎ д͌ѐཏ̚хд۞ّ࿆Ą̣ă၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘ
д၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘ͞ࢬĂ̂кᇴ۞͌ѐĞ81.3 Ʀğܑϯҋ̎ ĶТຍķٕĶܧ૱ТຍķҋണҖࠎߏ̙р۞Ă˵̙ᄮࠎҋണߏ࣎ޝᅖ ۞ҖࠎĞ88.0 ƦğĂҭߏݒѣ 42.7 Ʀ۞צణ۰̙ᄮࠎҋ̎ົЯ҃١ ҋണҖࠎĂ˵ѣјĞ21.6 Ʀğ۞צణ۰ᄮࠎΞͽϡҋണֽྋՙય ᗟĄፋវ҃֏Ăצణ۰၆ٺҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮТޘ̙ზ͉Ăдᓁ̶ࠎ ̬ٺ 8 Ҍ 32 ̶۞ณܑ̚ĂπӮ̶ࠎ 15 ̶ĞSD = 4.55ğĄ̱ăЧҋតีᄃֶតี̝࠹ᙯ̶ّژ
дซҖк̮ሀёᑭീ̝݈ĂАᑭෛЧҋតีᄃ͌ѐซˢ፟ၹޢ̝ ҋണҖࠎ۞࠹ᙯّߏӎѣ྿ࢍ˯۞ពĄགྷᖎಏึԔទᏭਫ਼ᕩ̶ژ ޢពϯĈࡁտߛၹٙ̚ѣҋតีᄃ͌ѐҋണҖࠎᐛத̝࠹ᙯّӮѣ྿ ࢍ˯۞ពĂдّҾ͞ࢬẴّ൴Ϡҋണ۞ᐛதͧշّĞb = 1.614, p < .001ğĂщཉ݈ҋണᐛத۰Ăщཉޢҋണᐛத˵Ğb = 0.904, p<.001ğĂᇎଐჰ̶۰ĂҋണᐛதĞb = 0.067, p < .001ğĂ၆ҋണᄮТޘ۰ăҋണᐛதĞb = 0.177, p < .001ğĂ֗ᙝкТጓഅགྷҋണ۰Ăҋണ۞ᐛத˵Ğb = 0.289, p < .001ğć҃Тຍ፟ၹఢቑߏЪந۰ĂҋണᐛதಶҲĞ b = -0.092, p < .001ğĄ˛ăк̮ሀёᑭീ
Ϥٺώࡁտ୬ᑭෛ၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘߏӎԷႊТጓགྷរ၆ҋണᐛ த̝̬̚ड़ڍĂ߇ࡁտߛၹٙ̚ѣ۞ҋតีӮ̶Բٸˢк̮ึԔទᏭ ਫ਼ᕩሀё̚ซҖ̶ژĈௐ 1 ΪٸˢّҾᄃщཉ݈ҋണҖࠎ࣎ଠט តีĂௐ 2 ΐˢᇎଐჰă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצ̈́Тጓҋണགྷរඈྋ ᛖតีĂޢ 1 ߏΐˢ၆ҋണҖࠎ̝ᄮТޘĂͽᑭෛдଠטѩ̬̚តีޢĂТጓҋണགྷរ၆ҋണᐛத۞ྋᛖߏӎࢫҲٕ̙ព ّĂͽѩҿؠ̬̚ड़ڍߏӎхдĄ ܑ 3 ࠎк̮ึԔទᏭਫ਼ᕩ̶ژ۞ඕڍĂሀё 1 ពϯĂّҾᄃщཉ ݈۞ҋണགྷរӮΞྋᛖ͌ѐщཉޢ۞ҋണᐛதĞɬ2 = 231.60***, p < 0.001ğẴّĞb = 1.13, p < 0.001ğͷ࠹ྵٺϏഅҋണ۰Ăщཉ݈ҋ ണᐛத۰Ăซˢщཉ፟ၹޢ۞ҋണᐛத˵Ąሀё 2 ߏ ΐˢ˞ᇎଐჰă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצͽ̈́Тጓҋണགྷរޢ۞ඕڍĂѩ ሀё˵ѣ྿ࢍ˯۞ពĞɬ2 = 245.86***, p < 0.001ğĂሀёྋᛖ˧ ˵ѣٙᆧΐĞPseudo Ŕ R2= .05ğĂ҃дଠט˞ّҾᄃщཉ݈ҋണᐛத ޢĂᇎଐჰᚑࢦĞb = 0.04, p < 0.001ğĂ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצࢬ Ğb = -0.05, p< 0.01ğĂͽ̈́֗ᙝкТጓഅགྷҋണ۰Ğb = 0.13, p<0.01ğĂҋണ۞ᐛதĂࣃڦຍ۞ߏĂщཉ݈۞ҋണᐛத ၆щཉޢҋണᐛத۞ྋᛖ͞ࢬĂΪѣ 1 Ѩҋണ۰ѩགྷរ۰ٺщཉ ޢ۞ҋണᐛத֭՟ѣ྿זࢍ˯۞ពĂܑдଠט˞តีޢĂ щཉ݈՟ѣҋണ࿅ٕߏΪҋണ࿅ 1 Ѩ۞ˠĂٺщཉޢ۞ҋണᐛத˯ ֭՟ѣពमளĄሀё 3 ߏΐˢ˞၆ҋണ̝ᄮТޘѩ̬̚តีޢ ۞̶ژඕڍĂѩሀё̪ѣ྿ࢍ˯۞ពĞɬ2 = 250.97***, p < 0.001ğĂሀёྋᛖ˧˫ͧሀё 1 ᆧΐ˞˘ֱĞPseudo Ŕ R2 = .02ğĂፋ វ ሀ ё ྋ ᛖ ˧ ྿ 4 ј ͽ ˯ Ğ Pseudo R2 = 0.42~0.45ğĄ ଂ logit coefficients ࣃ̚Ξͽ࠻Ăੵ˞ሀё 2 ̚྿ࢍ˯ព۞តีγĂ၆ ҋണ۞ᄮТޘ˵ҋണᐛதӔϒ࠹ᙯّĞb = 0.08, p < 0.01ğĂពϯ дଠט˞၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘޢĂТጓҋണགྷរ̪Ξྋᛖщཉޢ۞ҋണ ᐛதĂҭ logit coefficients ࣃଂ 0.13 ࢫҌ 0.10 Ăܑྋᛖ˧ᔵࢫ Ҳ˘ֱĂҭ̬̚ड़ڍ̙͉ૻćೱ֏̝ĂТጓҋണགྷរ͌ѐତצщཉ ޢ۞ҋണᐛத̪хѣۡତᙯܼĄ
ܑ 3 к̮ѨԔទᏭਫ਼ᕩ̶ژඕڍ ĞN = 545ğ
តีЩ ሀё 1 ሀё 2 ሀё 3 B Wald ɬ2 b Wald ɬ2 b Wald ɬ2
ၟ 1Ğѩགྷរğ 0.58*** 13.21 0.24 0.17 1.54* 4.67 ၟ 2ĞΪѣ 1 Ѩğ 1.42*** 67.41 1.12 3.65 2.38** 11.00 ၟ 3ĞઊႬğ 2.62*** 166.22 2.44*** 16.77 3.75*** 26.23 ၟ 4Ğѣॡğ 4.22*** 241.94 4.06*** 42.00 5.43*** 50.38 ّҾො 1 1.13*** 31.91 0.67** 8.59 0.70** 8.77 щཉ݈۞ҋണགྷរො 2 Ϊѣ 1 Ѩ 0.79** 7.55 0.59 3.28 0.53 2.38 ઊႬ 1.98*** 53.55 1.59*** 28.95 1.56*** 27.44 ѣॡ 2.32*** 67.49 1.68*** 28.43 1.44*** 19.86 ૱૱ 3.26*** 100.70 2.66*** 58.11 2.51*** 50.75 ᇎଐჰ 0.04*** 23.99 0.04*** 16.90 ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצ - 0.05** 7.78 - 0.05** 6.57 Тጓҋണགྷរ 0.13** 10.96 0.10** 7.47 ၆ҋണ۞ᄮТ 0.08** 10.05 ሀёពّ ɬ2= 231.60*** ɬ2= 245.86*** ɬ2= 250.97***
Cox and Snell R2= .35 Cox and Snell R2= .40 Cox and Snell R2= .42
Nagelkerke R2=.38 Nagelkerke R2=.43 Nagelkerke R2=.45
ො 1 Ĉّ̃ࠎ 1 ćշّࠎ 0 ො 2 Ĉҋണགྷរ۰ࠎᑢតี̝ણ *p <0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
Ёăኢᄃޙᛉ
ώࡁտдѩ੫၆ͽ˯̶ژඕڍ೩࠹ᙯኢĂԓ୕щཉ፟ၹਕ ૉࢦෛ֭જםӄநщཉ͌ѐҋണ۞યᗟĂ֭೩ਕםӄࢫҲҋണ ൴Ϡ፟த۞࿃ඉரĄ˘ăࡁտඕڍኢ
Ğ˘ğщཉ፟ၹ͌ѐ۞ҋണېڶ ώࡁտ൴னĈѣ˘ΗĞ50.0 Ʀğ۞צణ۰ܑϯҋ̎ซˢщཉ፟ၹ ޢᔘഅགྷҋണĂѩˠᇴּͧྵซˢщཉ፟ၹ݈۞ 45 Ʀᔘк˞ 5 ƦĂ҃ ͷ̚ੵ˞ 29.8 Ʀ۞ˠܑϯΪѣҋണ 1 ѨγĂܑϯĶѣॡķٕĶ૱૱ķ ҋണ۰ВΚ˞ 36.4 ƦĄ࿅Ν઼̰ͽ˘ਠдጯܦ͌ѐࠎ၆෪۞አߤព ϯĂѣ࿅ҋണགྷរ۞ˠᇴࡗ̬ٺ 22.4 ƦҌ 44.4 Ʀ̝มĞӕৌĂ 2007 ćౘ࠳֚Ă 2007 ćౘ໓͛Ă 2006ğĂϤѩΞ֍Ăତצ፟ၹщཉ͌ ѐ۞ҋണּͧ۞ቁͧ˘ਠдጯϠᔘĂ҃ͷӈֹซˢ˞᜕ّܲ۞щཉ វטޢĂҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ּ̪ͧͧ˘ਠдጯϠࢋĂܑώ͛˘ ฟؕٙ೩ז࣎щཉ͌ѐ۞ҋണགྷរ֭ܧপּĂтТ઼γࡁտٙϯĂ ઼̰щཉ፟ၹ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞፟தቁ၁ྵ˘ਠ͌ѐࠎĂ҃Ϥ ᐛதֽ࠻ĂΪѣ 1 Ѩ۞ઊ൴Җࠎ֭ܧкᇴĂҋണҬͼј˞кᇴ͌ѐ૱ ϡ۞߱͘ĄΩࣃڦຍ۞ߏĂଂщཉ݈ޢҋണ۞ᐛதֽ࠻Ăщཉޢҋ ണᐛதдĶઊႬķ̈́Ķѣॡķี۞ּͧྵщཉ݈Ăܑ҃ϯĶ૱૱ķ ҋണ۞ּͧߏщཉ݈ྵĂҬͼຍק၆ѣֱซˢ፟ၹ۞͌ѐ҃ ֏Ăᔵࣇ̪ѣҋണҖࠎĂҭᚑࢦޘݒࢫҲ˞Ă˵ధ࠹၆ٺ፟ၹ γ۞Ϡ߿ଐဩĂҝซ࠹၆ᘦؠ۞፟ၹޢĂࣇҋണ۞ᐛதົྵࠎഴ ቤćΪߏ˵ຍקĂ࠹ᙯຽˠ̀ᑕྍՀ᎕ໂ࿃ซˢщཉ፟ၹޢ ̪૱૱ҋണ۞͌ѐĂЯࠎԼតϠ߿ᒖဩ۞ࣇ̪ϏԼត̝݈۞ҖࠎĄ дٙଳϡ۞͞ё̚Ăצణ͌ѐ૱ଳϡ۞ҋണ͞ёࠎĶ౷๋ٕထ ๋ ҋ ̎ ķĂ ᄃ ઼ ̰ γ ϫ ݈ ۞ ࡁ տ ඕ ڍ ࠹ Т Ğ Laye-Gindhu and Schonert-Reichl, 2005; Nixon et al., 2002; Ross and Heath, 2002; ӕ ৌĂ 2007 ćౘ࠳֚Ă 2007 ćౘ໓͛Ă 2006ğĄҌٺᄵ൴ཏ͌ѐҋണ ۞ሕдЯ̄͞ࢬĂώࡁտొ̶۞ඕڍ઼̰γϫ݈۞൴ன˵ߏ˘ᇹ ۞ĞLaye-Gindhu and Schonert-Reichl, 2005; ӕৌĂ 2007ğĈӈкᇴ͌ѐҋҋണ۞நϤߏࠎ˞῁ྋШ۞ଐჰͅᑕĈΒ߁῁ྋᄃࢫҲ൭ ࡴᑅ˧ăᖼொ၆̙ԣጸ۞ڦຍ˧Ăͽ̈́ઃͤ؝ಏᄃ۩۞ຏ צĄҌٺ࿅ҋണֽ͔ˠڦຍٕឰҾˠඍᑕҋ̎ࢋՐ۞ˠᇴּͧ ޝ͌ĄϤѩΞ֍Ăкᇴ͌ѐдࢬ၆ᑅ˧ᄃ̰͕൭ࡴ۞ॡ࣏ĂЯͣ ዋ༊۞Яᑕඉரٕ͚րֽ൴ࠈࢬ۞ຏצĂ߇࿅๋चҋ̎۞͞ ёֽᛖٸ͕̚۞ࡴĄҋണߏࢋЯᑕώ֗۞ᅮՐᄃᑅ˧Ăͽᑒӄҋ̎ ྋՙଐჰӧဩĂ߇˜ߏ˘ЯᑕඉரĂ҃ܧࠎ˞פۤົྤٕߏϡ ֽፆଠˠĄ Ğ˟ğҋണ۞ᅈЯĈщཉ͌ѐҋണᐛத̝ྋᛖЯ৵ ጐგкᇴщཉ͌ѐഅགྷҋണĂҭலౣѣˠ̙ົͽ͞ёֽந Ш۞ଐჰĂ၆ٺТᇹགྷ።࿅छलεΑਕăТᇹاҝдצࢨϠ߿۩ม ྆۞ཏޅ̄҃֏Ă̪ѣˠΞͽҺٺҋണ۞ࢲᐍĂܑдҋണ۰۞ Ϡགྷរ̚Ăߏхд˘ֱܜഇ᎕۞̰γдࢬᇆᜩЯ̄Ă߇ώࡁ տੵ˞̶ژҋണ۞நϤγĂ˵੫၆ᇆᜩҋണ۞ᅈЯซҖ̶ژĄࡁտඕ ڍពϯĈّ̃Ğ࠹ྵٺշّğăщཉ݈ҋണᐛதăᇎଐჰᚑ ࢦă၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצࢬă֗ᙝкТጓഅགྷҋണ۰Ăщཉޢ ۞ҋണᐛத˵Ă҃၆ҋണ̝ᄮТޘ၆ТጓҋണགྷរٙயϠ۞̚ ̬ड़ڍ̙ૻĂТጓҋണགྷរ͌ѐତצщཉޢ۞ҋണᐛதߏхѣۡତ ᙯܼĄॲፂѩࡁտඕڍĂ྾ώࡁտߛၹဦ࣒ϒтဦ 2 ٙϯĄ
ဦ 2 ࣒ϒޢ۞ࡁտߛၹဦ ࡶଂሀё 3 ۞Ι͞ࣃᄃ፟தͧࣃĞeßğֽ࠻Ẵّҋണᐛதઐ ۞፟தࡗߏշّ۞ 2 ࢺĞe0.70 =2.01ğĂ҃щཉ݈۞ҋണᐛத˵ߏᅲ ീ˧۞តีĂ̙࿅дซ˘ՎଠטតีޢĂщཉ݈՟ѣҋണ۰ٕ ߏΪҋണ࿅ 1 Ѩ۞ˠĂٺщཉޢҋണᐛத۞ܑன˯ಶ՟ѣពम ளĄೱ֏̝Ăщཉ݈ࡶΪѣ 1 Ѩҋണགྷរ۰Ăซˢщཉ፟ၹޢྵ̙ ົјࠎҋണ۞ПᐍཏĂҭщཉ݈ҋണᐛத۰Ăщཉޢ۞ҋണࢲ ᐍ̪Ăтщཉ݈ಶ૱૱ҋണ۞͌ѐĂщཉޢҋണᐛதઐ۞፟த ࠎщཉ݈՟ѣҋണ۰۞ 12 ࢺĞe2.51 =12.30ğ̝кĊ ੵ˞ّҾᄃщཉ݈ҋണҖࠎγĂዶѣྋᛖ˧۞ҋតีֶԔ ࠎĈᇎଐჰĞɬ2 = 16.90ğă၆ҋണ۞ᄮТޘĞɬ2 = 10.05ğăТ ጓҋണགྷរĞɬ2= 7.47ğᄃ၆፟ၹఢቑ۞ຏצĞɬ2= 6.57ğĄ҃၆ҋ ണ۞ᄮТٙԷႊ۞̬̚ड़ڍ̙ૻĂ၆щཉޢҋണҖࠎᐛத̪ѣۡ ତ۞ड़ڍĄᇎଐჰߏྋᛖщཉޢҋണᐛத۞˘࣎ࢦࢋЯ৵Ăᇹ۞ ඕڍᄃ࿅Ν࠹ᙯࡁտ൴னߏ˘۞Ă Nixon et al.Ğ2002ğᄮࠎĈᇎ ̝ٙͽᄃҋണҖࠎѣᙯ˜ߏЯࠎ၆ֱˠ҃֏ĂܜഇٺШ۞ଐჰ
ېၗ˭Ăҋണ೩ֻ˞˘࣎Яᑕᇎଐჰ۞͞ёĂឰ༊ְˠͽᛖٸᑅ ˧ᄃღૺ۞ଐჰĄ҃ӕৌĞ2007ğ۞ࡁտ˵൴னĂҋണ۰۞ଐჰૄ አͧܧҋണ۰ֽྵࠎШĂͷкΗڱዋ༊አྋࢬ۞ଐჰĂЯ ѩ༊ࣇତצזШ۞ו፬ֽॡĂܮྵटٽజ፬ྵૻ۞Шଐჰ ֭Օ̚Ă˵ֹҋണ۞Ξਕّ̂ࠎᆧΐĄϤѩΞ֍Ăࡶࢋѣड़ םӄ͌ѐԼតҋണҖࠎ۞ྖĂԧࣇ˵ᑕԼតٙ۞ଐჰېڶĄ ੵ˞ᇎଐჰĂ၆ҋണ۞ᄮТͽ̈́Тጓགྷរ۞ᇆᜩ˵ߏ̙टنர ۞Ă҃ͷӈֹдଠט˞၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮТޘ̝ޢĂТጓགྷរ۞ᇆᜩ ̪хдĄᙯٺТጓҋണགྷរ۞ۡତүϡײᑕ˞ SuyemotoĞ1998ğ ଂଐຏአ༼Ğaffect regulationğ៍ᕇٙ೩۞ྋᛖĂ Suyemoto ᄮࠎĈ ТጓăপҾߏр̓Ăــົᇆᜩ࣎ˠ۞ଐჰଠטҖࠎĂТጓ۞ҋണ೩ ֻ˞࣎ˠጯ௫ᄃሀϼଐჰଠט۞ሀёĂٙͽ༊࣎ˠ࿃זᙷҬ۞ᑅ˧ଐ ဩॡĂܮົጯ௫Тጓ۞Җࠎ҃ҋണĄ Yip et al.Ğ2002ğᄮࠎĈܦ͌ ѐ࿅ϼड़Тጓ۞ҋണҖࠎĂߊΞឰҋണ۰ᄮࠎҋ̙֭̎؝ಏĂ˵Ξ ЯѩפТጓᄮТĂ߇ᇹ۞Җࠎј˞ĶТҐВᑻķଈᙱჟৠ۞˘ णன͞ёĄ ၆˘ਠ͌ѐ҃֏ĂТጓ۞ᇆᜩಶ̙ट̈㌿Ă၆ͻछˠ͚ᄃ ື۞щཉ͌ѐ҃֏ĂТጓ၆ࣇ۞ᇆᜩಶՀពࢦࢋ˞Ă˵ధϒЯࠎТ ጓ၆ٙౄј۞ᇆᜩஎᅈĂ߇၆ཏޅ̄҃֏ĂТጓҋണགྷរ۞ᇆᜩ ಶ̙ົ࿅࣎ˠ၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮТֽᇆᜩҖࠎĄ̙࿅ጐგ၆ҋണ۞ ᄮТϏਕԆБ̬̚Тጓҋണགྷរᄃщཉޢҋണᐛத̝ᙯܼĂҭ၆ҋ ണᐛதݒѣۡତүϡĂ˲၆ҋണٱᄮТ̝ၗޘ۰Ăщཉޢҋ ണ۞ᐛத˵ົઐĄᇹ۞ඕڍܑҋണ͌ѐ̙Ϊߏಏ৷۞ሀϼˠ ҖࠎĂдᄮۢ۞ᆸѨ˯˵֭՟ѣҋണෛࠎĶઐम۞ķĞdeviantğٕ ߏĶঽၗ۞ķĞpathologicalğĄ FavazzaĞ1998ğᄮࠎдᄮۢᆸѨ˯ ତצҋണҖࠎ۰ĂҋണᐛதĂޝटٽјࠎ˘௫ၚّ۞Яᑕ ඉரĄЯѩĂࡶࢋםӄ͌ѐઃͤҋണ۞ྖĂᑕТॡᑒӄࣇԼតᄮ
ۢĂѣᙯొ̶۞ઇڱٺ࠹ᙯޙᛉ̚ྎ̝Ą ޢĂдଠט۞ଐဩ˭Ă͌ѐ၆፟ၹఢቑЪநّ۞ຏצᔵྋᛖ ˧̈Ăҭពّ̪ߏѣ၁ચຍཌྷ۞Ąᇹ۞ඕڍຍקĈ༊፟ ၹдטؠఢቑॡĂᑕྍ̙ਕΪࢦдҖࠎ۞ࢨטĂ˵ࢋڦຍֱఢቑ ၆ޅ̄۞ຍཌྷͽ̈́ޅ̄၆ֱఢቑ۞ຏצĂࡶЯ͉࿅ૻአგநĂֹ Ϡ߿૱ఢត࿅ޘᚑࡳă̙ᇅّĂᆧΐజ༰ᐈ۞ຏצॡĂ๕υົ ឰѩ᜕ّܲ۞ڇચሀёតј˘၆ҋϤ۞ࣤဳâШ۞ଐဩڤ ಛĂ၆ҋണҖࠎ۞Լචߏ՟ѣᄧৈ۞Ą
˟ă࠹ᙯޙᛉ
ώࡁտֶፂͽ˯ࡁտඕڍ೩វΞҖ۞ೀᕇޙᛉĂͽֻ߆ඉ טؠ۰ă፟ၹგநˠࣶᄃຽˠࣶણ҂Ăԓ୕ਕͽѣड़۞͞ёֽ ᑒӄщཉ͌ѐࢫҲҋണҖࠎயϠ۞፟தĂͽഇࣇਕ͕֗ઉгᔙˢ јѐഇĄ Ğ˘ğજ൴னѣҋണགྷរᄃᇎଐჰ۞Пᐍཏ Ϥٺ͌ѐҋണགྷរــ̙Ϊ 1 ѨĂ҃ତצщཉ̝݈۞ҋണᐛதߏ ീщཉޢҋണᐛத۞ࢦࢋЯ৵Ă˫Яҋണ۰кΗົᄊຍ๋˾ዌପ ֽĂ˵ޝ͌Яࠎҋണ۞๋˾҃ಶᗁĞӕৌĂ 2007ğĂ߇ѩҖࠎ̙ ညઐमҖࠎѣځពٽ֍۞পҒĂٙͽ̍үˠࣶ̙ᑕྍΪߏঐໂ ۞நયᗟĂ҃ᑕྍдޅ̄˘ˢҝ፟ၹॡĂજᒢྋߏӎഅགྷҋ ണĂͽֹ̈́ٙϡ۞͞ёநϤĂᖣѩ೩ѝ൴னПᐍཏĂͽ೩ֻዋ༊ ۞ڇચĂࢫҲࣇͽҋണүࠎྋՙӧဩ۞߱͘Ą˫Яّ̃ҋണ۞ּͧ ࠎշّ۞ࢺĂܑϯщཉّ̃۞፟ၹͧщཉշّ۞፟ၹՀᅮࢋࢦෛᄃ ᎕ໂந࣎ᛉᗟĄ ̍үˠࣶੵᑕྍᒢྋޅ̄࿅Ν۞ҋണགྷរγĂ˵ࢋෞҤଐჰې ڶĂЯࠎ͌ѐ఼૱̙ົЯҋ֗۞યᗟ҃જՐӄĂᇎ۞ଐჰېၗҋണҖࠎ˘ᇹ̙टٽజ൴னĂٙͽՀᅮࢋ࿅БࢬّෞҤֽᎡᏴ ПᐍཏĄ઼γഅѣࡁտ۰ײ៰Ă༊ආ͌ѐ˘ซˢщཉ፟ၹॡĂᑕ੫ ၆͕நᄃҖࠎયᗟซҖБࢬّ۞ෞҤĂᖣͽᒢྋޅ̄۞યᗟĂ֭ఢ ထዋЪᅮՐ۞࿃ඉரĂтѩ͞ਕ൴೭щཉڇચ۞Αड़Ą Hussey and GuoĞ2005ğ۞ࡁտܮ൴னĂࡶщཉ፟ၹдආ͌ѐ˘ҝซ፟ၹ ॡಶෞҤፋវ͕நېၗĂ֭ϲӈ͔ซ࠹ᙯྤĞтჟৠᗁᒚᄃ͕ந ᏙથğඈຽրֽםӄѣᅮՐ۞ޅ̄ॡĂֱ͌ѐд͕நӧᕘ͞ ࢬ۞ԼචົͧઐमҖࠎ۞ԼซՀΐពĂࣇ۞ҋണҖࠎᄃଐჰӧᕘ યᗟ˵ͽజѝഇ൴னăѝഇڼᒚĄ Ğ˟ğିጱ͌ѐѣड़Яᑕᑅ˧ᄃࢬଐჰ̝ඉர
ѝഇѣֱጯ۰Ğт Gardner and Gardner, 1975; Ross and McKay, 1979ğૄٺҋണҖࠎ̝ĶઐमّķĂ߇೩ͽҖࠎڼᒚڱĞbehavior therapyğֽྏဦԼតҋണ۰۞ҖࠎĂӈᖣϤϒᆧૻٕჳ۞͞ёֽឰ ࣇઃͤᇹ۞Җशćҭྵܕഇ۞ࡁտ̙ᄮࠎтѩĞStone and Sias, 2003ğĂࣇᄮࠎҖࠎڼᒚڱنர˞ҋണҖࠎ၆༊ְˠώ֗۞Αਕّ ̈́ຍཌྷćֱ͌ѐ̝ٙͽ๋चҋ̎ĂкΗߏЯࠎࣇڱ̰д۞ᅮ Րᄃຏצͽᄬ֏ܑ྿ֽĂٙͽ࿃࿅̙ᑕࢦдҖࠎ۞ԼតĂ҃ ᑕ˧ٺםӄࣇ൴ण఼۞ਕ˧Ăֹ̝ਕͽܧҋണ۞͞ёֽܑ྿ ࣇ۞ຏᛇĂͽ̈́൴ࠈࣇ۞ଐჰᄃᑅ˧Ąώࡁտ൴னĈ၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ ᄮТޘᄃҋണҖࠎ൴Ϡ۞ᐛதѣᙯĂ˵ܑĈࡶࢋԼត͌ѐͽҋ ണүࠎྋՙયᗟ̝Яᑕඉர۞ྖĂࣇυืࢋАԼត၆ҋണҖࠎ۞ᄮ ТၗޘĂдᄮۢᆸѨ˯А١ҋണүࠎ˘ѣड़۞ЯᑕඉரĂтѩ ͞ѣΞਕିጱࣇആඉரĂͽࢫҲҋണ൴Ϡ۞፟தĄ ΩγĂ၁ચ̍ү۰˵ΞͽԷႊ้ăౖҡᄃ͚۰۞֎ҒĂ௮ ֱ͌ѐ۞͕ᓏĂ˵ధࣇͣ۞̙ߏ఼۞ԫμᄃਕ˧Ă҃ߏ՟ѣ ఼ᄃ้۞၆෪ćѩڱ၆ٺЯˠᅫᙯܼक़ୀ҃ҋണ۞ˠপҾѣड़Ă
тܷ࣫̄ඈˠĞ2006ğ੫၆ 3 ҜᇎাЪ׀ࢦኑҋԧ๋च۞ܦ͌̃ซ Җஎޘణኘޢಶ൴னĈѣड़۞ڼᒚЯ̄ߏᅮࢋຽˠࣶ࿅ˠᅫ͕ந ڼᒚ̚ᜈᘦؠ۞ౖҡᙯܼĂ֭ͷତৼΒटࣇลّ߱۞ҋണҖࠎĂ ҃ܧ˘ק۞טٕͤయَҋണҖࠎĂڼᒚ۰ࡶਕ࿅ᜈ۞ౖҡឰҋ ണ۰ዳјᄃˠ̶ֳଐჰ۞௫ၚĂ၆ᇎᄃҋണҖࠎ۞Լតౌߏ ѣᑒӄ۞Ąੵ˞Լតᄮۢă൴ण఼ਕ˧̝γĂ၁ચ̍ү۰˵ᑕྍם ӄ͌ѐጯ௫ѣड़۞Яᑕᑅ˧ඉரĂ֭ࢫҲཋೋຏĄтѣࡁտ۰ܮޙᛉ ିጱҋണ۰ͽ۞͞ڱĂтĈྻજăᖣϤ߿જឰҋ̶͕̎ăವ Ա֭ޙϲዋ༊۞͚შඛඈĂឰ͌ѐдࢬᓜᑅ˧ٕጱͫቢְІॡĂ̙ ᅮࢋଳϡҋണҖજֽநଵ̋ࣆঔֽ҃۞ଐჰᑅ˧ĞBriere and Gil, 1998ğĄ Ğˬğ᎕ໂந࣎९ͽᔖҺТጓϼड़ Ϥٺ͌ѐҋണҖࠎटٽצזТጓ۞ᇆᜩĂ߇щཉ፟ၹ̍үˠࣶᑕ পҾڦຍҋണҖࠎ̝Тጓड़ᑕĂᑕٺҋണ࣎९൴Ϡ۞ॡ࣏ӈϲג நĂજᒢྋ͌ѐҋണ۞நϤĄ̍үˠࣶΞͽᑒӄ͌ѐᔖҺ۠ଂгሀ ϼˠ۞ҖࠎĂםӄࣇநྋҋ̎၆ҋണ۞࠻ڱĂ֭ૈዳՀѣᇅّ ᄃޥ҂۞ਕ˧Ă߇༊Тጓ൴ϠҋണҖࠎ۞ॡ࣏Ăҋ̙̎ົЯృ˘ ॡࡻฯ҃۠ଂྫྷซĄΩԧࣇΞણ҂઼γጯ۰ Rosen and WalshĞ1989ğ дࡁտ፟ၹ̰ҋണҖࠎ۞ϼड़ᙷݭॡ۞ޙᛉĂࣇᄮࠎĂтڍࢋܡͤ Тጓ̝ม۞ϼड़Ăຽˠࣶυืଂҋണ۰̢જᐛᓄ۞̈ဥវ͘ ࿃ĂАᇆᜩ̈ဥវ۞८͕ˠۏᇶॡଂТᇹ۞اҝ۩ม̚ᗓฟֽĂ ᔖҺயϠႛႠड़ڍĂᇹྵਕѣड़࿄ͤҋണҖࠎд፟ၹ̰ᜈٕᕖ̂ ൴ϠĄ ĞαğޙၹЪந۞፟ၹఢቑăࢦෛ͌ѐ၆ఢቑ۞ຏצ ಶ፟ၹგநᄃయЇ۞ᆸࢬֽ࠻Ă፟ၹ̙Ξਕ̙Νనؠ˘ֱఢቑឰ
͌ѐᏲчĂԆБ՟ѣࢨט۞Ϡ߿၆͌ѐ˵၆ѣचৈĞFriman et al., 1996ğĂ҃ԧࣇᑕྍޥ҂۞ߏĈ၆ٺщཉ͌ѐ۞Җࠎ̈́Ϡ߿ا ඈտౣྍనؠ̦ᆃᇹ۞ఢቑĉఢቑ۞̰ट̙дкဿĂ҃дЪநّĂ ͽ̈́͌ѐߏӎਕૉຏצזֱఢቑ۞චຍᄃυࢋّĄдטؠఢቑ̝ ݈Ă̍үˠࣶᑕࢋޥ҂Ĉֱఢቑࡦޢ۞ϫ۞տౣߏ̦ᆃĉщཉ͌ѐ ٙഇޞ۞Ъநఢቑࠎңĉ̍үˠࣶдనؠఢቑॡߏӎنர˞͌ѐ۞ҋ ّᄃপّĉ၁кᇴ፟ၹ۞̍үˠࣶౌഅޥ҂࿅ͽ˯۞યᗟĂт ઼̰ጯ۰അරĞ2004ğд੫၆઼̰щཉᄃିዳ፟ၹ̍үˠࣶ۞ࡁտ ̚ಶ൴னĂѣצణ̍үˠܑࣶϯĂࣇдგந̍ү˯۞פ࿃זޝ̂ ۞ӧᙱĂࣇ˘͞ࢬࢋፉ͕ٙѣޅ̄۞щПĂЯࠎ˘όְ˞Ăγˠ ۞Ķᙯ̷ķٕయᓏᚑࢦχᑝ̍үˠࣶ۞̀ঈĂ˵ᇆᜩڇચݡ ኳćҭࡶטؠ۞ఢቑ͉࿅ᚑॾॡĂ˫ࢋፉ͕ޅ̄ͅᇅćтѩᙱ۞ଐ ဩ૱૱ឰࣇ̙ۢٙନĄώࡁտඕڍٙणன۞ຍஉߏĂԧࣇᄃ܅͕ ޥֽనؠఢቑ۞кဿĂ̙ткΝᒢྋ͌ѐ၆ٺ፟ၹఢቑЪநّ۞ഇޞ ࠎңĂ༊ԧࣇ൴னкᇴ͌ѐᛇఢቑ̙ЪநॡĂ̍үˠࣶಶᑕྍࢋϒ ෛ࣎યᗟĂࡶ࿃זߏЯڱֶፂٕҖ߆ࢨט҃ڱϲӈԼត۞ఢቑ ॡĂ˵ᑕྍщཉ͌ѐ఼Ăͽםӄࣇநྋఢቑ۞ຍཌྷᄃυࢋّĄ
ˬăࡁտࢨט
ᔵώࡁտ೩ֻ˞̂छᒢྋщཉ፟ၹ͌ѐҋണҖࠎ۞ېڶᄃྋᛖ Я৵Ăҭώࡁտ̙Һࢬᓜ˘ֱࡁտ͞ڱ˯۞ࢨטĄࢵАߏдᇹώפ ͞ࢬĂώࡁտࣧώࢍ൪ͽᐌ፟٩ᇹ۞͞ёֽᏴפᇹώĂ҃д၁ચྻ ү˯ݒϏਕ྿јĂЯࠎдᓑᘭщཉ፟ၹ۞࿅̚Ăధк፟ၹͽܲࠎ ϤĂ١ࡁտ۰ซˢࡁտಞાĂ߇่ਕଳפܮӀ٩ᇹ۞͞ёפᇹ ώĂߏ߇ᇹώّܑΞਕົצז˘ֱᇆᜩĄΩγĂώࡁտٙଳϡ۞ྤ फ़ᄓะ͞ёࠎะវઠЩᆷયסĂᔵѩڱЪॡมᄃགྷᑻड़தĂ֭ ΞቁܲઠЩّĂҭѣ˘ሕд۞યᗟĈӈڱቁᄮഅѣ࿅ҋണགྷរ۞͌ѐ̶֗Ąֱ͌ѐߏܨᅮ࠹ᙯຽ۞ዋॡ̬ˢĂҭЯߏͽઠЩᆷય ס۞͞ёซҖྤफ़ᄓะĂ߇ࡁտ۰ڱቁۢ࣎Ҿ̶֗Ă߇ڱᖼ̬ ࠹ᙯڇચٕྤගֱ͌ѐĄ ΩдซҖྤफ̶़ژॡ൴னĂщཉ݈Ϊѣ˘Ѩ۰གྷរ۰дщཉ ޢҋണᐛத۞൴Ϡ˯֭՟ѣពमளĂߏӎຍקΪѣ˘Ѩҋണགྷ រ۰ߏ࣎পঅ۞ཏĉ͟ޢࡁտᑕΞ੫၆ొ̶ซҖՀஎˢ۞ଣտĂ ͽᗃΪѣ˘Ѩҋണ۰۞நϤٕજ፟ߏӎ̙ТٺˠĄ˫ώࡁտྏ ဦଂၙّ።۞៍ᕇֽᑭෛщཉ͌ѐҋണ࠹ᙯЯ৵Ă֭ଂᄵ൴Я৵ Ğާّ።ğ۞៍ᕇֽᑭෛ͌ѐҋണ۞நϤĂצࢨٺፖᕝё۞ࡁտన ࢍᄃа໖ّ۞ྤफ़ĂͽڱෞҤҋണ۰Җજ༊˭۞ଐჰېၗᄃٙࢬ ᓜ۞ᑅ˧ଐဩĂ߇ڱۢҋണҖࠎ൴ण۞።Ăޙᛉ͟ޢࡁտΞ੫ ၆ѣ࿅ҋണགྷរ۞࣎९ĂܜഇᖸࡔᐂϠ߿གྷរᄃҖࠎ።Ăͽᒔ ՀԆፋ۞ྤफ़ֽఢထБࢬّ۞֨̈́࿃ඉரĄ
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Self-Mutilation among Adolescents in
Residential Group Care: Methods, Reasons, and
Associated Factors
Ŏ
Yu-Wen ChenŎŎ
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to explore the patterns of self-mutilation, including prevalence, reasons, and methods used among youth in residential group care, and to examine factors associated with their self-mutilating behavior after living in the institution. Among 545 respondents with completed data, 50.0% participants had engaged in self-mutilation after placement. Among them, 33.9% said they “seldom” did it, 29.8% said they “sometimes” did it, and 11.2% said they “often” did it. In terms of reasons, most reported they did so to reduce aversive emotions or thoughts, such as anger, stress, pain, loneliness, and unpleasant memories. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses revealed that frequency of self-mutilation after placement could be predicted by gender, depressive symptoms, attitudes toward institutional regulations, and association with
Ŏ The empirical data was derived from the project funded by the National Science Council
(NSC 94-2412-H-002-011-). The author thanks anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.
ŎŎAssociate Professor, Department of Social Work, National Taiwan University.
self-mutilating peers. Acceptance of self-mutilation played a weak mediating effect between association with self-mutilation peers and the frequency of self-mutilation. The study suggests that all residents should be screened for their emotional state and risk of self-mutilation. Related professionals need to teach high risk youth strategies of handling negative emotions, to prevent contagions among peers, and to set up reasonable regulations in the institutions.
