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Chen Chou, Feng-Tyan Lin Mar. 27, 2017

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ICUPRD 2017 : 19th International Conference on Urban Planning and Regional Development

The department of Urban Planning, National Cheng Kung University/Master Student

The department of Urban Planning, National Cheng Kung University/Distinguished Adjunct Professor

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INTRODUCTION

LITERATURE REVIEW DATA COLLECTION METHOD

RESULT

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

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Exploring Influence Range of Tainan City Using Electronic Toll Collection Big Data

ITS

Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) is one of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications.

ETC

Starting point, end point, distance and travel time of vehicle on the national freeway No.1 and No.2

79%

Sedan occupied 79% of intercity transportation.

Represent intercity behavior.

Administrative regions, demographic area and socio-economic activities.

Not imply the close interactivity inside the living area, nor reflects daily

traffics.

New Taipei

Taipei Keelung

Yilan Taoyuan

Hsinchu Miaoli

Taichung Changhua

Nantou Yunlin

Chiayi

Tainan

Kaohsiung

Pingtung

Hualien

Taitung

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Living Area

Static

Administrative regions

Influence Range

Dynamic Changed through time period and trip

objective

• Explores the dynamic phenomenon of intercity through analyzing the OD and quantity.

• Analyzes the interaction between Tainan and other counties by

calculating trip volume and visualizing through GIS.

• The finding not only has a more precise outcome, but also could be applied to

Downtown

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Living Area



Definition

 The influence scope of socio-economic activities such as work-related, housing, schooling, shopping, leisure and medical care.

Proposes a new point of view about living area, and compares and explores the current living area in order to be closer to the actual situation.

 Strategic Plan for National Spatial Development

 A spatial planning strategic proposal from the perspective of Taiwan

 There are seven living areas in Taiwan.

Council for Economic Planning and Development, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, 1995



Purpose

• Allocate appropriate land use

• Develop different industries

• Create local competitive advantage

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Central Place Theory



Application

 The theoretical basis of living area. Activities in living areas were classified into the following three kinds.

 The government plans "local living areas" based on Central Place Theory, and references local history, industry, population, geographical environment and urban functions as regional

planning and promotes effective use of land.

Daily activities：such as going to school, employment, purchase of daily necessities, from local to local center.

Weekly activities：such as entertainment, recreation, social, purchase of optional supplies, from local center to the regional center.

Seasonal activities：such as sightseeing, purchase of special

supplies, for private special affairs, from the regional center to national central city.

Transportation system Plan for Living Areas (2015-2018)”, Ministry of Transportation and Communications R.O.C, 2014

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Intercity Travel Propose Investigation

《 The 5th Taiwan Area Comprehensive Transportation Planning Research Series - Intercity Travel Survey and Preliminary Analysis 》(2015)

 Ministry of Transportation and Communications R.O.C (hereinafter referred as MOTC) conducted the intercity travel behavior questionnaire of Taiwan area in 2013.

 Investigated OD, purpose, preference of the transportation, occupancy rate and passengers’ basic Information.

 Date Type︰ Tuesday to Thursday, Monday and Friday, Saturday and Sunday, respectively. Festival and continuous holiday was excluded from the investigation.

1.Travel Purposes

 “Leisure and Entertainment", “Tourism and Business trip", “Commercial Affairs", “Visiting

Relatives and Friends", “Commuting to Work", “Commuting to School" and “Other Activities"。

 People almost have only one travel purpose and choose one transportation in an intercity travel.

2. Intercity Transportation

 Bus: Has a role to play in the medium and long-distance travel.

 Sedan: Has good accessibility and mobility, and account a large number of intercity transportation.

 Truck: The traffic volume on weekday is twice as much as it on weekend. It is contrary to other transportation.。

The situations which multiple purpose

and the transfer of trips can be excluded.

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3. Purpose

The main purpose of intercity travel is "visiting relatives and friends"; "Commercial affairs" is significantly higher than other purposes in Tuesday to Thursday; "commuting" on Monday and Friday is higher than other days.

4. Length

The length of travel is mainly 20-50 km on weekdays, mostly 50-100 km on weekends.

5. Frequency:

Trips on weekdays are more than weekends’.

The combination of different types of cars, dates, length and other characteristics of trips have a specific significance. This study can be based on travel characteristics to speculate the purpose of travel.

Intercity Travel Propose Investigation

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Interchange Service Area

15 km buffer from the interchange is adopted as an interchange service area.

October 20, 2015 (Tuesday) to October 22, 2015 (Thursday) October 17, 2015 (Saturday) to October 18, 2015 (Sunday)

Tainan City

The original route data of ETC

• Detection Time 、ID、Vehicle Type and Trip Length

• Data Type：csv

October 20, 2015 (Tuesday), 8:00 a.m., the original route data of ETC

Data

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Establishing Intercity Trip Model

Merge and calculate the same OD of each trip

The Principle of Selecting the Interchange for Analysis

Sort and visualize the number of transportation

Build a Database of Service Area Calculate the residential, commercial and industrial land

 A living sub-area may cover several administrative districts and freeway interchanges.。

“Special municipality, provincial city and their

neighboring administrative regions” or “county-level city”

Tainan living sub-area (hereinafter referred as Tainan City) included An-Ding interchange, Yong-Kang interchange, Da- Wan interchange and Tainan interchange.

Freeway

No. 1 Freeway No. 2

Expressway No. 84 Freeway No. 8 Expressway

No. 61

An-Ding

Yong-Kang

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• The original route data of ETC are recorded independently.

• Analyzed data by Python and Excel to become ordered and meaningful information.

• The same OD of each trip were merged and calculated.

Tools：Python、Excel

Establish Intercity Trip Model

use areas

 A living sub-area may cover several administrative districts and freeway interchanges.。

“Special municipality, provincial city and their

neighboring administrative regions” or “county-level city”

Tainan living sub-area (hereinafter referred as Tainan City) included An-Ding interchange, Yong-Kang interchange, Da- Wan interchange and Tainan interchange.

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• Selected the interchanges for analysis and sorted the number of transportation by Excel.

• Visualized by GIS.

Tools：Excel、GIS

D_Interchanges Number of Trips Kaohsiung 15963

Madou 13023

Xinying 12429

Luzhu 10848

Kaohsiung

Science 10571

Nanzi 9478

Gangshan 5897

Xiaying 4340

Chiayi 2825

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 After selecting An-Ding interchange, Yong-Kang interchange, Da-Wan interchange and Tainan

interchange to be analyzed, the area of analysis (15 km buffer from the interchanges) is delineated.

 Calculated the residential, commercial and industrial land uses by GIS, and a database is built to support the research.

Tool：GIS

Land Use in the service area of Tainan

Build Databases of Service Area Calculate the residential, commercial and industrial land

use areas

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Sedan

 Most sedans are traveling short-distance.

 The trips from Tainan arrive at Tainan local centers such as Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung and Chiayi.

 The trips to Tainan start from Kaohsiung, Madou, Xinying, Chiayi and other places.

 Lands uses around the interchanges which sedans often contact are residential and commercial.

Weekends

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Tainan local centers such as Madou, Xinying and Kaohsiung.

 The trips to Tainan start from Kaohsiung, Madou, Xinying, Chiayi and Taichung.

Tuesday to Thursday

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Bus

 The buses can reach middle to long

distance from Tuesday to Thursday, and the metropolitan areas are significant.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Kaohsiung, Taichung, Taipei and so on.

 The trips to Tainan start from Taichung, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Madou, Xinying and other places.

Weekends

 Buses travel on weekends with medium to long distance distances, which are more significant than weekdays.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung, Chiayi, Madou and Xinying.

 The trips to Tainan start from Taipei,

Taichung, Kaohsiung, Chiayi, Madou and Xinying.

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Pick-up

 Pick-up is mainly short to medium distance.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi and so on.

 The trips to Tainan start from Madou,

Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi and other places.

Weekends

 Pick-up is mainly short distance on Saturday and Sunday.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi, Taichung and so on.

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Truck

 Trucks travel mainly from short distance.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi, Yunlin and Changhua and so on.

 The trips to Tainan start from Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi, Yunlin, Changhua and other places.

Weekends

 Trucks travel mainly on medium and short distances.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi and Yunlin.

 The trips to Tainan start from Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Chiayi and Yunlin.

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Trailer

 Trips to the vicinity of the industrial area are significant.

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Taichung and so on.

 The trips to Tainan start from Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung, Changhua, Taichung and other places.

Weekends

 The primary arrival locations from Tainan are Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung and

Taichung.

 The trips to Tainan start from Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung and Taichung.

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• On the same date type, each type of transportation of Tainan is very similar to the OD and the number of trips, indicating that there is round-trip relationship.

• Tainan has a significant influence on the neighboring administrative regions, including Kaohsiung, Chiayi, Yunlin, Changhua and Taichung.

Vehicle Regions Purposes Description

Sedan Kaohsiung downtown area and its industrial areas, Madou,

Xinying, Chiayi

Commuting to Work, Commercial Affairs,

Visiting Relatives and Friends

Travel purposes can be speculated according to the questionnaire data of MOTC.

Bus Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung.

Commuting to Work, Commercial Affairs,

Visiting Relatives and Friends Pick-up

Truck

Kaohsiung city and its industrial areas, Madou, Xinying, Chiayi

Industrial freight, commercial freight or home delivery

according to the land use

The main land use around the interchanges is

industrial.

Trailer Madou, Xinying, Kaohsiung,

Changhua, Taichung

The trailer has more trips for the long distance, with the cargo type and volume.

Characteristics of Vehicles - Tuesday to Thursday

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• Tainan influence area reaches to Kaohsiung.

• Currently, Yunlin, Chiayi and Tainan are the same living area, and Kaohsiung is another’s.

• The trips between Tainan and

Kaohsiung are even more than Madou and Xinying, and trips between Tainan and Yunlin are rare.

Living Areas

• The vehicles except the bus are less than weekdays, but the trips of sedan to tourist areas increase.

• The purposes of trips are "leisure and entertainment" and "tourism and

business trip“.

• Cargo transportation is less than twice as weekdays.

Characteristics of Vehicles - Weekends

Downtown

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• The living area should not be divided completely according to the boundary of the administrative area, and the range should be different with the purpose, date type and time.

• The influence area can be designated into commuter, freight, tourism etc., and different influence area may overlap. It is also prone to reshape the influence range when data updating.

• Taiwan ETC is currently only located on north-south freeway, the scope of this study is limited to districts where ETC is located.

• It is unable to analyze the district which is not located within any interchange service area.

→ The study can grasp which district Tainan City influence, but cannot judge which district is not affected.

R estrictions

C ^onclusion

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INTRODUCTION

LITERATURE REVIEW DATA COLLECTION METHOD

RESULT

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

ITS

ETC

79%

Living Area

Influence Range

Living Area

Definition

Proposes a new point of view about living area, and compares and explores the current living area in order to be closer to the actual situation.

Purpose

Central Place Theory

Application

Intercity Travel Propose Investigation

《 The 5th Taiwan Area Comprehensive Transportation Planning Research Series - Intercity Travel Survey and Preliminary Analysis 》(2015)

The situations which multiple purpose

and the transfer of trips can be excluded.

The combination of different types of cars, dates, length and other characteristics of trips have a specific significance. This study can be based on travel characteristics to speculate the purpose of travel.

Intercity Travel Propose Investigation

Interchange Service Area

Tainan City

Data

Sedan

Bus

Pick-up

Truck

Trailer

Characteristics of Vehicles - Tuesday to Thursday

Living Areas

Characteristics of Vehicles - Weekends

→ The study can grasp which district Tainan City influence, but cannot judge which district is not affected.

R estrictions

C onclusion

Thank you for listening

C ^onclusion