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IMR射出成型製程之研究

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明新科技大學 97 校內專題研究計畫成果報告

IMR 射出成型製程之研究

Study on The Process of IMR Injection Molding

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中文摘要

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Abstract

In-Mold Roller (IMR) injection molding is the most commonly used In-Mold Decoration technology for ink transfer. IMR is easily automated. It not only decorates but can govern surface feel and wear-resistance characteristics which add product value. The trouble with the IMR process is ink washout, that is when the polymer melt flow distorts the printed pattern. Mold design and molding process parameters govern ink wash out. However, there is no academic research on ink wash out.

Here, we used a 0.05mm thick membrane for IMR ink transfer. We varied the injection rate (90, 100 and 110 ccm/s), and the mold (50, 60 and 70℃) and melt (240, 250 and 260 ℃) temperature, to mold and decorate 100mm square plates, each 2.5mm thick. Than measured the ink wash out displacements and adhesion. We also used microcellular foaming to suppress ink wash out and to improve adhesion.

We found that ink wash out displacement increases with injection rate, mold temperature and melt temperature. Near the gate, we find the most displacement. We also found that adhesion decreases with the injection rate, but improves with mold and melt temperatures. We quantified this using fall off area measurements. We find that microcellular foaming significantly suppresses wash out.

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印刷主要是指透過印版將液體或粉末移轉到所指定的物體上,並使介質硬 化且黏附其上的一種製程。印刷的方法依版面的不同,主要可分為凸版、平版、 凹版、網版等方式,由於印刷物的材質不同,所需要使用的油墨、印刷和乾燥的 條件也各有不同。印刷機的壓版方式,除網版印刷之外,大致上分為三種:平壓 式、圓壓式、滾壓式。印刷所用的油墨是由色料、舒展劑、輔助劑所組成。色料 有可溶於水或油的染料,也有不溶性的沈澱顏料。顏料式的色料並不溶解於舒展 劑中,而是呈混合的狀態。舒展劑是色料的宿主,主要有兩大作用:一是承載色 料,並賦予流動性以運送色料;另一個目的是在印刷後,能夠迅速乾燥,形成一 層墨膜,將色料附著於待印材料上。輔助劑是為了提高印墨的可印刷度而加入, 如乾燥劑、潤滑劑、氧化劑、亮光油、抗腐蝕劑等。

2.模內預成型製程

模內預成型(In-Mold Forming, IMF)製程,是先將油墨印刷在一層厚度約 0.18 mm薄膜(film)上,材質為PC或PET,經過預成型(forming)之後,置於射出機 台上,靠著模具定位機構定位,在模內與塑膠基材一同成型。整個製程可分為薄 膜印刷、薄膜預成型、薄膜裁切、薄膜置入模具定位後射出成型成品等四階段(圖 9)。模內預成型射出成型製程如(圖10) 所示。

3.模內貼標製程

模內貼標(In-Mold Label, IML)的應用範圍可由技術性產品延伸至食品包裝 物(圖11)。成型時以機械手臂等裝置於模腔內置入欲貼合薄膜,並同時取出上 一模次之成品。通過真空或靜電荷,標貼可以裝在模具內。但並非所有膜狀標貼 的處理都可以依靠靜電荷,標貼固定方法必須針對每種用途而被分別研究。一般 而言,模內貼標可被用於待裝飾的物品,但薄膜的複雜性(形狀)有其限制作用, 如方形容器,可以裝飾所有五個面或是三個面,後者為一種低成本的選擇,因為 薄膜的消耗量降低。

4. 模內轉印製程

模內轉印(In-Mold Roller, IMR)製程,整合化工、油墨、製版、蒸鍍、精

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印刷圖樣曲率變化量測主要目的為觀察從近澆口處至遠澆口處線段之曲 率變化。由於本研究使用之精密量測系統,其最小放大倍率為 14 倍(圖 13), 相當於拍攝 10 × 8 mm 之面積,因此需將成品分數次拍攝後再經由軟體編輯拼構 成所需整體放大圖樣。 (2)沖刷位移量量測 沖刷位移量共分兩階段量測,第一階段,比較不同製程參數下,近澆口之 六條線段最大沖刷量;第二階段,比較不同製程參數下,近澆口之六條線段各取 三點構畫相對位移變化量圖形

四、結果與討論

對於不同模具溫度、熔膠溫度以及射出速度等參數,測量不同製程條件下, 薄膜與塑料之結合性以及印刷油墨沖刷變化量趨勢比較,將實驗結果說明如下。

1. 印刷圖樣線段曲率變化量測

(1)射出率影響線段曲率變化量測比較

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參 考 文 獻

1. Y. SEIICHI, “Apparatus for molding patterned product and method of molding patterned product”, US5989480, 1999.

2. S. Lee, E. Tan,“Film insert mold decorating for injection molded parts”, 2002短 期密集訓練(二)『微成型與微特徵模具加工技術』之二, 2002.

3. B. Merki, “The opportunities of multi-component injection moulding”, Netstal News, no. 42, 2002, pp.4-5.

4. T. Robers, “Attractive product design generates increased sales”, Netstal News, no. 49, 2006, pp.4-5.

5. A.C-Y Wong, K.Z. Liang, “Thermal effects on the behaviour of PET films used in the in-mould-decoration process involved in plastics injection moulding”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 63, 1997, pp.510-513.

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數據

表 1 奇美實業 PC540 產品物性表  表 2  實驗參數設定  組別  射出率 (ccm/s)  模具溫度  (℃)  熔膠溫度  (℃)  1  90 60 250  2  100 60  250 A  3  110 60  250  1  110 50  250  2  110 60  250 B  3  110 70  250  1  110 60  240  2  110 60  250 C  3  110 60  260  表3 射出率變化線段曲率半徑量測數據(單位:mm)模具溫度:60℃;

參考文獻

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