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飲食文學範疇的建構:一個社會學式的考察

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୯ҥᆵ᡼εᏢޗ཮ࣽᏢᏢଣޗ཮Ꮲس ᅺγፕЎ

Department of Sociology College of Social Science

National Taiwan University Master Thesis

໯१ЎᏢጄᛑޑࡌᄬǺ΋ঁޗ཮ᏢԄޑԵჸ

!

The Categorization of Food Literature:

a Sociological research

Ԣ ੏ Hao Chiang

ࡰᏤ௲௤Ǻ݅ ᆄ റγ Advisor: Duan Lin, Ph.D.

ύ๮҇୯ 98 ԃ 11 Д November, 2009

(2)

ᖴᜏ

Կڣڍছऱݺ௅ءྤऄუቝݺലᓵ֮ᐊݙऱ߷ԫ֚ΔۖڕվΔݺᠦฅ ᄐึ࣍׽஁່৵ԫޡԱΔഄԫᝫᏁ૞ᐊऱΔঁਢณছຍᒧ᝔᢯Ζڃუದڇ ݺޣᖂΕᐊ܂ᓵ֮ຍԫሁՂஃ९Ε୮Գፖ֖ࣛ࿯ղݺऱᚥܗΔડྥጊ֨ຍ ᒧ᝔᢯ᄎլᄎᐊ൓ֺᓵ֮ᝫ૞९ΔฅຶൕᡘᚩྤवՕԫᄅسԫሁၓၓᐳᐳ ऱګ९۟վΔݺኔڇ፞࠹Ա֜ڍऱᚥܗΕᅃ᥽ፖਐរԱΖՈڂڼૉڶٺֱ

ᘣࣛړ֖࿇෼۞աऱټڗ޲ڶנ෼ڇຍᒧ᝔᢯հխΔᓮᛵᇞݺࠀॺڶრ૞

࢙ฃٺۯऱᚥܗΔొጰਢլݴ֨ᦰृڇᔹᦰݺ࿬࿬׷׷ऱᓵ֮հছΔᝫؘ

ႊ٣રထࢤ՗઎ݙ९ᒧՕᓵऱ᝔᢯Ζʳ ʳ

ຍᒧᓵ֮౨ႉܓݙګΔଈ٣૞ტ᝔ݺऱਐᖄ۔ஃፖࠟۯՑᇢࡡ୉Ζݺ ॺൄტ᝔ࣥጤ۔ஃኙݺᐊ܂ᓵ֮ऱ༇ૹፖॾٚΔլႛ۞ࡨ۟ึຟৰ֭਍ݺ ऱᓵ֮ᠲؾፖֱٻΔٵழޓՈᣋრڇۍڦհխΔࢼ़ፖהਐᖄऱࢬڶᖂس

״ၲᓵ֮ಘᓵᄎΔᛜທԱॺൄᚌᔆऱᖂ๬ಘᓵࣷ໮Δᨃݺ౨ജڇᖂ९ࡦऱ ৬ᤜፖޅေհխΔၞԫޡଥإ۞աऱᓵ֮Ζޕᅗᤴ۔ஃፖᣂऺഫ۔ஃڇေ

ᐉᓵ֮ழՈᨃݺᛧ墿ߜڍΔהଚլႛሰาᣇᙊऱਗנݺᓵ֮ՕՕ՛՛ऱᅕ ชΔޓ׌೯༼ࠎԱݺ֮ᖂ੺ፖԳՑอૠᖂऱૹ૞ᇷறΔᨃݺ౨ജኙ֮ᖂ੺

سኪፖᦰृՕฒຟڶޓڍऱ෻ᇞΔ᠆༄Աݺऱᓵ֮փ୲Ζʳ ʳ

٦ृΔݺՈ૞ტ᝔ڇݺԫሁޣᖂመ࿓խΔषᄎߓऱฒۯஃ९ଚΔ௽ܑ

ਢᘸᖠᕟ۔ஃΖឈྥޢڻଥᘸ۔ஃऱᓰຟᄎᨃݺऱ᧯ૹፖߗפ౨ਐᑇᠨᠨ ᡨᏺΔ܀ਢإڂ੡۔ஃԫऴאࠐᎁటඒᖂΕܘԺᠮ࿜ऱਐᖄֱಾΔթࢷ୶ Աݺऱ෻ᓵवᢝΕᔹᦰ౨Ժፖᐊ܂౨ԺΔۖ۔ஃڇݺઔԫழࢬၲ๻ऱײࠢ

षᄎᖂ෻ᓵፖᅝזषᄎᖂ෻ᓵೈԱ༼֒ݺऱवᢝհ؆Δޓᚥܗݺش່ݶຒ ऱֱڤᔞᚨઔߒࢬऱس੒ᆏ৉Δᤉۖ੡࢓৵Կڣڍऱઔߒࢬسෑ೚ړᄷ ໂΖೈԱ۔ஃհ؆ΔݺՈৰტ᝔ઔߒࢬऱᖂ९࿯ղݺऱฒڍᚥܗΖൕՕԲ

ၲࡨΔܦព࣑ᖂ९ঁ਍ᥛլឰऱፖݺ։ࠆ۞ߪऱवᢝፖᖂ฾֨൓Δࠀ׊Ո լݱ༼ᙌݺڇആ஼ޣᖂԯ۟࣍೚Գ๠ࠃՂऱጟጟլߩհ๠Δհ৵ྤᓵਢڇ ᄷໂጚՓఄԵᖂەᇢٍࢨਢᐷᐊᓵ֮ΔՈຟڍֱٛוᖂ९ऱਐរΖᏥࡳጼ ᖂ९Ոਢ׼؆ԫۯݺ૞௑؆ტ᝔ऱᖂ९Δຍࠄڣྤᓵڇس੒ՂࢨਢᓰᄐՂ ऱጊᣄᠧ఑Δຟൄᐛޣᖂ९ᣪ၆ऱრߠΖ׼؆Ո૞ტ᝔ᓐ໑ֱᖂ९ፖᆄᄦ ᖻᖂ९Δڇࣥጤ۔ஃࢬᜰᙄऱಘᓵᄎՂΔהଚຟམಾኙݺᓵ֮ऱਮዌፖઔ ߒֱऄ༼נ৬ᤜΔᚥܗݺᨃݺऱᓵ֮ޓףፋྡྷΖʳ

ʳ

ڼ؆ΔݺՈ૞ტ᝔ፖݺԫದܘԺԿڣऱٵᖂΔྤᓵਢٵீऱԳ઄Εࢣ

໻Ε૵৯Εڿ㍦Ε৸ᑽΕॸܩΕතܩΕ९ࣲΕࠋઆΕ࢘ਃΕ૑ੳΔٍࢨਢ

(3)

լٵீऱ७ᗊΕႉᄓΕ࿫໻Εࠋ୲Δא֗ڇ່৵ԫڣ٥ࠆઔߒ৛ऱഠڕፖ ᖋࣲΖྤᓵਢԫದᄷໂەઔߒࢬΕԫದᇢቹڇᘸֆऱᓰഘՂ੒መޢଡ៖

ਈΕԫದذ։ઔߒऄऱᦰءΕԯ۟࣍ԫದބᠲؾΕᐊᓵ֮ࢨਢᄷໂՑᇢΔ ຍࠄრ௛ଅ࿇ࢨਢ૕࢏ྲྀ໙ऱֲ՗ΰגาუࠐΔۿ׏৵ृࡺڍαΔຟਢݺ ڃଈઔߒࢬسෑΔ଍ტᄵᤲऱڃᖋΖʳ

׼؆ΔݺՈ࿪ኙլᄎݱಖڇᜤᓩ৛ऱᓚԾΕ՛ᠱፖ೏೏ΔඒᄎΕ೏խΕ षቸፖՕᖂऱฒڍव֨ړ֖ΖڇՏᙰᆄፃऱᓰ࿓Ε଺ࠢፖᓵ֮ၞ৫հၴΔ

܃ଚਢݺऱᝩᣄࢬΕךሽᕴΕࡑ݃ᇩழၴऱᏯభՕஃא֗ٷેֽழၴऱ׬

ዿΘᢅໃཎΔڍ᜽Ա܃ଚঅ਍ݺ᧯փऱᎨᨕؓᘝፖ֨ۨጥዃຏΰՕᄗܣαΖ Ոტ᝔ᣋრ൷࠹ݺ๶ംऱฒڍ࠹๶ृΔૉլਢ൞ଚᣋრᐸև൷࠹ݺऱ๶

ᓫΔຍᒧᓵ֮լױ౨ം׈Ζʳ ʳ

່৵Δݺ૞ലტ᝔᣸࿯ࠕⱍא֗ݺऱ୮ԳΖტ᝔ࠕⱍຍ༓ڣऱຩ۴Δ ԫԳ։堸ڍߡऱފዝव֨ړ֖Εಘᓵृ࿛壆ڍߡۥΔຩݺ৫መેᑗٌ៣ऱ ઔߒࢬسෑΖՈৰტ᝔ݺऱ׀ئ൷౏ݺຍ༓ڣࠐڰנඡូࢨਢඡנඡូऱ ᇫฆس੒ᑓڤΔ଺ᓪݺᐊᓵ֮ཚၴᎎۿړپᡗ܂ऱ۩உΔࠀ׊ԫሁ֭਍ΰࢨ

۟֟ਢݴરαݺΔऴࠩຍᒧᓵ֮ऱ່৵ԫଡ؁រΖʳ

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ύЎᄔा

ء֮ڱڇڃ࿠ԫଡᆖ᧭ࢤऱംᠲΚڇ 1999 ڣছ৵Δ؀᨜ऱ஼ؑנ෼Աԫଡ ᄅऱᒤᡱ—ψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωΔຍଡᒤᡱԫֱ૿ፖጻሁ֮ᖂΕ᎘՛ᎅԫᑌᐖ੡ؑ໱ࢬ

൷࠹Δ׼ԫֱ૿থԾֺছ૪ࠟृޓ๯؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ੺ࢬૹီΚ๺ڍ֮ᖂ୮ፖ֮ᖂᠧ

፾ᑗ࣍ᖑࣄڼጟ֮ᖂ׌ᠲΔ܀Ոڶ๺ڍ֮ေ୮ᎁ੡ຍਢԫጟᏽᆵΕᖑࣄؑ໱ऱψ௣

၄֮ᖂωΖ࣍ਢߒຶຍଡᒤᡱڇչᏖषᄎයٙՀנ෼Δ೶ፖृԾڕ۶ᨃ۞աᛧ൓

֮ᖂ੺ऱᎁױΔঁګ੡ԫଡ墌༄ᘋ࠺ऱംᠲΖ੡Ա૞ڃ࿠ຍଡംᠲΔݺലא֮֏

سข࠷உΕࠅᖵ՞Օऱψ֮ᖂऱषᄎᖂω࠷உא֗ؒ᎒૭֕ኙွᐛ೐ञऱಘᓵ੡

׌૞֊ԵរΖ

ଈ٣Δൕ֮֏سข࠷உנ࿇Δݺਐנ堬ଇ֮ᖂڇᅝז؀᨜ऱנ෼լ౨໢ొൕ Օฒኙ࣍堬ଇ௣၄ऱᣂࣹխބࠩ଺ڂΔۖᚨᇠ૞ࣹრࠩ 1990 ڣז೫עسኪ࿨ዌ א֗נठؑ໱ऱ᠏᧢Ζڇ 1990 ڣזΔ೫ע။ࠐ။ଘᘸؑ໱ࠀڂۖՕԺං೯ψᣊ

ী֮ᖂωΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂঁਢࠡխհԫΖ׼؆ԫֱ૿Δຍ੄ழၴנठषՈڇᖞ᧯ᔹᦰ

෷ՀᄶΕၜٖԲֲᖄી௣၄ᇷಛᏁޣ༼೏ऱسขයٙՀΔၲࡨං೯ኾᠧس੒௣၄ ᇷಛऱψຌࢤ֮ᖂωΔ࣍ਢ堬ଇ֮ᖂঁڇຍᑌऱەၦհՀΔګ੡נठषࢬᑗ࣍נ ठऱ܂঴Ζۖൕࠅᖵ՞Օψ֮ᖂऱषᄎᖂΰcultural sociologyαωऱ࠷உנ࿇Δ ঞႊࣹრࠩ堬ଇ֮ᖂᒤᡱऱנ෼ՈᏁ૞ွᐛᐋڻՂऱ৬ዌΔຍץਔԱ֮ᖂઔߒኙ

؀᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂ࿇୶׾ऱ৬ዌΔא֗੡Ա૞ፖࠡה堬ଇ஼ᐊ܂঴ઌ೴ሶۖ༼נऱԫ

୚堬ଇ֮ᖂભᖂᑑᄷΖ

ۖ੡Աᘜٽ֮֏سข࠷உፖψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உࠟृऱઔߒ࿇෼Δݺ࣍ਢ பشԱؒ᎒૭֕ွᐛ೐ञऱᄗ࢚Ζ៶طွᐛ೐ञऱᄗ࢚Δݺಘᓵڇ 1990 ڣזأ ཚΔ֮ᖂ੺ऱᄅၞृڕ۶ڇ֮ᖂسขයٙ׉᧢ऱൣउՀΔ៶ط໌܂ψ堬ଇ֮ᖂω ࠐᛧ࠷ؑ໱ፖᦰृΖྥ֮ۖᖂᏆ഑ऱਝڶ๵ঞՈ૰ࠌຍࠄԳڇᛧ࠷ؑ໱հ塒ؘႊ

ኙਝڶऱࠢ৳ႚอڶࢬڃᚨΔຍ࣍ਢ૰ࠌࠡၞ۩ွᐛ೐ञΔא৬ዌຍଡ֮ᣊऱإ ᅝࢤΖԫֱ૿៶طԫ୚ᗑ௽ऱભᖂܒᄷࠌ堬ଇ֮ᖂፖ堬ଇ஼ᐊઌ೴։Δ׼؆ԫֱ

૿ٍ৬ዌ۞աڶઌኙᗑم࣍އൣཋ֮ऱ֮ᖂᏝଖΖ່৵Δطຍᑌွᐛ೐ञࢬᗨี

ۖګऱွᐛᇷءՈࠌ൓הଚ൓אދԵ堬ଇေᦸࢨ堬ଇኔ܂Ꮖ഑Δطڼၞԫޡᗨี

ᆖᛎᇷءࢨषᄎᇷءΖ

ڇ࿨ݠຝ։ΔݺೈԱಘᓵጵٽٽ֮֏سขΕψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωא֗ؒ᎒૭֕

ွᐛ೐ञऱઔߒ࠷உΔױא੡ಖᙕ֮֏ऱઔߒ൅ࠐ੷Ꮦಥ᣸հ؆Δطຍଡூࠏנ

࿇ΔݺՈಘᓵԱڇᅝז؀᨜֮ᖂ੺ڇ࿇୶ᣊী֮ᖂழࢬ૿ᜯऱܺቼፖױ౨ऱޏၞ

հሐΖ

ʳ ʳ

ᣂ᝶ဲΚ֮ᖂषᄎᖂΕ堬ଇ֮ᖂΕإࠢݮႿΕ֮ᖂנठΕွᐛ೐ञΕွᐛ ᇷءʳ

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मЎᄔाʳ

ʳ

This thesis tries to explain how "food literature" in Taiwan becomes a

wide-acceptance literature category. In the end of 1990, there is a new category known as "food literature" in trade book publishing market. Unlike "light novel" or

"online literature," although food literature sells well, literature field takes it seriously.

So what social conditions make food literature appear, and how it is accepted by literature field is worthy of understanding. I use cultural production approach to understand the roles newspaper offices and publishing houses play in the

categorization of food literature. I also use "symbolic struggle" to explain how food literature become a suitable position-taking strategy, and how food literature writers translate their symbolic capital. At the end of the thesis, I try to make some

suggestions about how to develop literature category in Taiwan.

Key Words: sociology of literature, food literature, canon formation, the Production of Culture Perspective, symbolic struggle, symbolic capital.

ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ

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Ҟԛ!

᝔᢯ ˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁ ˼ʳ խ֮ኴ૞ˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁ ˼˼˼ʳ

૎֮ኴ૞ˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁ ˼̉ʳ รԫີʳ ছߢˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁˁ˄ʳ

รԲີ ֮᣸ڃ᥽...7

รԫᆏ ഏ؆ઌᣂઔߒऱڃ᥽...7

รԲᆏ ਝڶऱ؀᨜ᆖ᧭ઔߒ...9

รԿᆏ ֮ᖂषᄎᖂ෻ᓵ...13

֮֏سข࠷உ...15

֮֏ऱषᄎᖂ...20

ؒ᎒૭֕ऱ֮ᖂषᄎᖂ...25

รԿີ ംᠲრᢝΕີᆏ๵ቤፖઔߒֱऄ...32

รԫᆏ ംᠲრᢝ...32

รԲᆏ ີᆏ๵ቤፖઔߒֱऄ...34

ร؄ີ ᒤᡱऱढᔆ৬ዌ...37

รԫᆏ ೫עऱسขයٙ...38

รԲᆏ ܂ृऱسګፖറ᥏ऱנ෼...45

รԿᆏ נठषऱسขයٙ...56

ร؄ᆏ נठؑ໱ऱၲࢷ...65

՛࿨...75

รնີ 堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᒤᡱ৬م...78

รԫᆏ 1949 ڣאࠐψᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ஼ᐊ܂঴ωऱ࿇୶णउ...79

รԲᆏ ڕ۶堬ଇΔ৻ᑌ֮ᖂΛ...88

՛࿨...96

รքີ ᒤᡱऱွᐛ೐ञ...98

รԫᆏ ᠨૹ़ၴီߡፖ 1990 ڣז؀᨜֮ᖂᏆ഑ऱۯᆜ़ၴ...99

รԲᆏ 堬ଇ֮ᖂऱွᐛ೐ञ...114

รԿᆏ ွᐛᇷءऱ᠏ངΚ။঑זࢎڕ۶ګ੡ױ౨...140

՛࿨...154

รԮີ ࿨ᓵ...156

รԫᆏ ઔߒ࿨࣠...156

รԲᆏ ψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωፖ؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ෼उ...159

รԿᆏ ઔߒૻࠫፖ৬ᤜ...165

೶ە஼ؾ...168

ॵᙕԫ ࠹๶ृټ໢...177

ॵᙕԲ ˄ˌˌˉˀ˅˃˃ˋ Գၴ೫עࢬעሉऱ堬ଇ܂঴ ...178

(7)

߄Ҟᒵ

। 4-1-1 ᖵڣ؀᨜ு଱ᜢ࿆໴౐נठࠃᄐᄗउ...42

। 4-3-1 נठᄅ஼ၦڣ।...60

। 4-3-2 נठषᇷءᠰ।...62

। 4-3-3 ஼ࢋ़ၴሎشፖᛜگ।...63

। 4-3-4 ຝ։஼ጟֺࠏ।...64

। 6-1-1 堬ଇ֮ᖂ׌૞܂ृ֗܂঴।...106

। 6-2-1 1962-2008 խ֮ઌᣂߓߓࢬא堬ଇ֮ᖂ੡׌ᠲऱᓵ֮...128

კҞᒵ

ቹ 4-2-1 Գၴ೫עעሉ堬ଇ֮ᖂڣ৫อૠ।...51

ቹ 4-4-1 πᐓࢪᇙऱԳᣊᖂ୮ρஆᓫᄎ...73

ቹ 6-3-1 ֮ᖂ୯လ໢...143

(8)

รԫີʳ ছߢ

२ڣࠐڇ஼ࢋऱ֮ᖂ஼೴խΔݺଚױא઎ߠڶ။ࠐ။ڍאଇढ܂੡஼ᐊ׌ᠲ ऱ֮ᖂ܂঴Ζຍࠄ܂঴նक़Զ॰ΔՕીױאษ։੡༓ᣊΔଈ٣ ਢ෪堤ᣊऱ堬ଇ

֮ᖂ܂঴Δຍԫᣊ܂঴ݯ࢕ๅ઼۞ଇᢜΔ܀ڇᇡ૪෪ᓳޡᨏհ塒Ծ݈ᠧԱፖຍࠄ လ塔ઌᣂऱ࢓ࠃڃᖋΔګ੡ԫᒧᒧಖԳಖࠃऱཋ֮՛঴Δִ֮ࣥऱπ堬ᘇؤಖρ ࢨਢ׆৙ԫऱπഏ୯ፖ୮୯ρঁ᥆ڼᣊΚছृലလ塔ऱ፹ໂࡉፖஃ९ᘣ֖ᦟ୯ऱ

ൣቼ٥܏࣍ԫ᣷Δ৵ृঞൕ܂လऱመ࿓࢏ۼࠩኙئᘣऱᡖ࢚Ζڼ؆ᝫڶளሏ堬ଇ

֮ᖂΔ،ଚݯ࢕ਢሏಖऱ᧢ݮΔ׽ਢᅝԫ౳ሏಖش֮ڗಖሉฆഏऱભནፖଅՒԳ

ൣழΔຍࠄ܂঴ঞല׌૞ऱྡྷរ࣋ڇฆഏऱࠋ塔ભ墆ፖ঴ᚓ،ଚऱტ࠹ՂΔז।

܂঴ঞਢቝ്ഏمऱπԫՑনࡳᆠՕܓρ࿛ԫߓ٨ளሏ堬ଇ܂঴ΖรԿᣊ܂঴ঞ ਢ঴࠺ীऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂΔ،ଚՈٵᑌڇ༴૪堬ଇ᧯᧭Ε൅ڶԫ࿭࿭塊ᨚਐতऱࢤ ᔆΔ܀ਢڇտฯړ塊ᨚհ塒Ծᇢቹڍ൅ၞԫࠄ܂ृଡԳऱრߠΔྤᓵਢኙ堬ଇᆖ

᧭ऱ༴ᢄΔኙ堬ଇ঴࠺ऱრߠԯ۟࣍ኙԳسऱ઎ऄࢨਢტቮΔࠌ൓ࠡՕฆ࣍໢ొ

ऱଇေࢨਢભଇ໴ᖄΔຍᣊ܂঴ऱז।ঞਢቝငഏएऱπ؀ק՛پؤಖρࢨਢឌ ߜ᥻ऱπឌߜ᥻ߏࢪྗ࠺ρΖร؄ᣊঞਢەᖕীऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴Δࠡല֮֏ەᖕ ऱ壄壀ஞࠐشڇ堬ଇ׌ᠲՂΔಘᓵਬࠄလ塔ऱ༳ਚ࣍ࠐᄭΔࢨ੷۟ਢಘᓵଇढਢ ڕ۶ڇլٵऱ֮֏Εլٵऱழזխ๯Գࢬ঴ᚓፖᎁᢝऱΔছृڕڹ஡ᢋπଇࣥ؆

׾ρࡉ◺ᤌࣟऱπנ॰๶ײڰρԫߓ٨܂঴Δ৵ृঞڶᓐఇࠝऱπદᗎᐓ୞ρ੡

ז।Ζ່৵ΔՈڶԫࠄբګټऱ܂ृא堬ଇ܂੡ࠡ՛ᎅࢨᇣ܂ऱ׌ᠲΔڕޕ࣓ऱ πᚇᚄਞᘇρࡉྡྷ௏ऱπݙ٤݇ၺଇᢜρΖڇءՒ໌܂հ؆Δഏ؆א堬ଇ੡׌ᠲ ऱ֮ᖂ܂঴Ո๯Օၦ֧ၞנठΔഏ؆ፖ堬ଇઌᣂऱ܂঴ڇᠲޗঁޓ੡ڍցΔೈԱ Ղ૪ऱ壆ጟᣊীհ؆Δ׼؆ᝫڶ๺ڍط塊堬੺ऱറᄐൕᄐԳ୉ΔڕՕᐓࢨਢૹ૞

ଇေ୮Δࢬ஼ᐊऱ塊堬ᄐऱ໴ᖄ֮ᖂࢨਢת۞ႚࢤᔆऱ໌܂Ζຍࠄଅ௑ٺฆऱ܂

঴່৵๯ូ౏ڇԫದΔګ੡२ࠐൄ๯堬ଇ֮ᖂઔߒृፖ஼ေ୮ࢬಘᓵऱᄅ֮ᖂᣊ

ীΔܛࢬᘯऱψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωΖ

(9)

ຍᑌऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂڇ२ڣࠐऱଅ۩࿓৫Δױא୶෼ڇ༓ଡૹ૞ਐᑑՂΖଈ٣ਢ ᣂ࣍஼ᤄऱנठၦΔ௅ᖕᔤිୠ࣍ 2007 ڣऱτ؀᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂנठᄗउυࢬอૠΔ

۞ 1949 ڣࠩ 1989 ຍ؄ԼڣၴΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂઌᣂ໌܂᜔٥׽ڶ 33 ءΔྥۖൕ 1990

ࠩ 2006 ຍԼ塒ڣၴΔঁڶ 221 ءᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ֮ᖂ໌܂ڇ؀᨜ᛧ൓נठΔ1998 ڣ

৵ޢڣנठၦޓൕآ֟࣍ 14 ءመΔߩߠءچ໌܂ृ२ڣࠐኙຍଡᠲޗऱᣂࣹڶ

਍ᥛ֒೏ऱ᝟Ⴈΰᔤිୠ 2007αΖۖೈԱءچ֮ᖂ໌܂ᓒড࿇୶հ؆Δנठ೸Ո ᑗ࣍ലഏ؆ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂ֧ၞ؀᨜Δൕ 1999 ڣࠩ 2006 ڣࢍΔԫ٥ڶۍ塒ء؆ഏ堬 ଇ֮ᖂထ܂ڇ؀᨜נठΖڕڼחԳೡؾऱנठၦՈᨃ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᐙ᥼Ժၞԫޡ࢏

ۼࠩנठᏆ഑հ؆Ζנठຏሁଈ٣ඕᔲऱኘᤚ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᘋದΔ࣍ਢቝᇨ঴ፖ८ فഘ੡ࠡ዁ᤎࢋ๻م׌ᠲ஼೴ழΔຟլݱ๻ᆜ堬ଇ֮ᖂ׌ᠲ஼೴ΖڇڼٵழΔא

໴ᖄ堬ଇ௣၄੡׌ऱ໾᧯ڕ堬ଇᠧ፾ࢨਢ໴౐ऱ堬ଇठ૿ΔՈൄߠ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ᐷ

֮ං៺௽ࡳऱ塊ᨚࢨလۥΖ່৵Δឈྥլ੷ཏ֗Δ܀Ոբڶຝ։堬ଇ֮ᖂऴ൷ፖ

௣၄࿨ٽΔࠏڕ๺ڍ塊ᨚࢨ՛پࢋঁൄڇࢋᙰ്၀堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ኙຍࠄଇढऱᨬ ཆΔՈڶ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ऴ൷੡वټऱ塊ᨚ๻ૠလ໢ऱூࠏΔ२ֲޓڶ堬ଇ܂୮ڇࣟ

೴ၲ๻ኔ᧯ࢋᔮΔറᔄڔڇ஼խམՕԺᨬཆऱഏփ؆堬ଇ壄঴Ζ堬ଇ֮ᖂڇؑ໱

Ղᐖ࠹൷࠹ऱ࿓৫ΔطڼױߠԫཌΖ

ᅝྥΔڕ࣠堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ៚દႛڇ࣍஼ᤄנठऱ᧫Գ।෼Δࠀல֗Հཾຏሁא

֗ઌᣂ೸ᖲΔ߷ຍࠡኔፖ२ڣࠐٵᑌᖑڶ೏נठၦऱ࡛֤֮ᖂΕ᎘՛ᎅא֗ٺᣊ ऱጻሁ֮ᖂଅᑪࠀ޲ڶ੷ᏖլٵΖ࣍ਢ૞ᎁᢝࠩ堬ଇ֮ᖂઌኙ࣍Ղ૪֮ᣊऱ௽௘

ࢤΔࡸ૞ەᐞࠩ،ፖ؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ੺հၴऱઌյᣂএΖ࡛֤֮ᖂΕጻሁ֮ᖂࡉ᎘՛

ᎅ۟վፖ؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ੺ࡸܧ෼௤ྍ։ࣔऱኪႨΔ੷۟ᝫൄൄ๯ီ੡ਢࣆ৅؀᨜ऱ

֮ᖂైᔆऱఐ޾1ΖઌݮհՀ堬ଇ֮ᖂፖ؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ੺հၴ᧩ྥ༉ڶֺለᘣ२ऱ

1 ຍᑌऱߢᓵཋߠ࣍ٺ๠Δڕಒᡯᡯڇᜤٽ೫עऱτլزೖዩऱ଺ԺυΔঁᎁ੡ψጻሁՂլՕױ ౨ڶړ՛ᎅωΰᜤٽ໴ 2003 ڣ 3 ִ 3 ֲαΔԾࢨृਢ്ᤌ֒Ոམڇխഏழ໴ऱ஼ေठ૿խᐊ܂τᄅ

(10)

ᣂএΔຍᑌऱᣂএ᧩قڇאՀ༓ଡ૿ٻՂΖଈ٣ᣂ࣍೶ፖऱ܂ृΔދߪ堬ଇ֮ᖂ ऱ܂୮ڶ๺ڍڇ֮ᕽՂբᆖઌᅝऱټ௛ፖچۯΔڕִ֮ࣥΕྡྷ௏Εޕ࣓࿛Δઌݮ հՀΔ࡛֤֮ᖂΕ᎘՛ᎅፖጻሁ՛ᎅഗءՂ༓׏٤ਢైԳ܂ृΖڼ؆ڇࠡࢬᆜߪ ऱעढຍԫֱ૿Δ࡛֤֮ᖂΕ᎘՛ᎅፖጻ࿮֮ᖂຏൄڶઌኙᗑمऱփຝעढፖႚ

ᐾ໾տΔৰ֟ע࿆ڇ׌ੌ֮ᖂ໾᧯ΰࠏڕቝխழΕᜤٽऱ೫עΔࢨਢᜤٽ֮ᖂΕ ٱࠥ࿛֮ᖂᠧ፾αΔ܀堬ଇ֮ᖂথ᙮᙮ڇՂ૪໾᧯Ղנ෼Κլႛᜤٽ֮ᖂᠧ፾ല 堬ଇ֮ᖂီ੡ࠡො።ऱ׌ᠲ2Δխഏழ໴ऱԳၴ೫עޓམ៶طπᐊ܂ृऱᐓࢪρ

࿛റ᥏ΔՕԺං೯܂୮ދԵ堬ଇ֮ᖂΔۖຍࠄעढऱ஼ေՈൄߠኙ堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴

ऱං៺ፖտฯΔڇຍࠄעढࢬᙄऱٺᣊ֮ᖂᑻխΔޓਢኚߠ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ᠋ᐙ3Ζ ٦ृΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂՈດዬګ੡֮ᖂංᐖ੒೯ࢬץොऱփ୲Δቝಾኙԫ౳षᄎՕฒऱ

֮ᢌᛜࢨਢ֮ᖂᝑஆΔԯ۟࣍ֆຝ॰ࢬᜰᙄऱ֮ᖂ੒೯ڕ؀ק֮ᖂࡱΕ؀ק֮ᖂ ᑻ࿛Δ堬ଇ֮ᖂຟዬዬګ੡ᓰ࿓ऱൄߠ׌ᠲࢨਢಘᓵፖ୶ᥦऱૹ૞ႈؾΖ່৵Δ

֮ᖂޅေ࿛ᖂ๬੒೯Ոኙ堬ଇ֮ᖂڍࢬᣂࣹΔቝπխ؆֮ᖂρ2002 ڣԶִᇆ༉

མ܂መ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱറᠲઔߒΕಘᓵ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᓵ֮Ոຬᥛ࿇।Εྡྷ௏ޓᜰᙄመࠟ

ڻऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂഏᎾઔಘᄎΖ࣍ਢݺଚױא઎ࠩΔઌለ࣍ࠡהڶထᣊۿנठၦऱᄅ ᘋ֮ᣊΔፖ؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ੺ለ੡ᘣ२ΔຍរݮګԱ堬ଇ֮ᖂլٵ࣍ࠡה֮ᖂհ๠Ζ

ྥۖΔૉڂଶթऱඖ૪ۖല堬ଇ֮ᖂუቝ੡२ڣࠐթॣڻڇ؀᨜ऱ֮ᕽխנ

෼ऱᄅᘋ֮ᣊऱᇩΔ߷ຍᑌऱუቝஎࢢԾڶ؈ᄷհ๠Ζଈ٣ΔᕣጥڇՂ૪ऱڃ᥽

խΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂݯ࢕ਢऴࠩપԼڣছթڇ؀᨜נ෼ࠀ׊ᛧ൓Օၦऱנठࡉ೏৫ऱૹ

ီΔ܀ਢڃ᥽ᖵ׾Δݺଚথױא࿇෼ፖ堬ଇઌᣂऱ஼ᐊ࿪ॺᄅ२ऱขढΔ׽ਢڶ ৰ९ԫ੄ழၴլ๯ૹီΖڇ 1990 ڣזأհছΔፖ堬ଇઌᣂऱ஼ᐊࢨृਢॺ֮ᖂ ནᨠΛ᎘ནᨠΛ ᎘՛ᎅΘࠟ૿ᦰ ֘૿ ړ႟ړ֚టυΔࠡխኙ᎘֮ᖂڶᏅڍऱޅေΰխഏழ໴

2008ڣ 7 ִ 21 ֲαΖ

2 ڇᜤٽ֮ᖂऱࡴֱጻ଄խΔঁڕڼऱ۞ݺࡳۯΖߠ http://unitas.udngroup.com.tw/history/history.html

3 ڕஊഏ౨ऱτร԰࠺υঁᛧ൓֮৬ᄎรԿࡻՕറ֮ᖂᑻཋ֮ଈᑻΕ೏⋑୽ऱτற෻ԫோ୮ൄυ ᛧ൓ 2000 ڣᜤٽ໴ཋ֮ՕᑻΕ2007 ร 29 ࡻᜤٽ໴֮ᖂᑻཋ֮ิေᐉᑻঞ࿯Աঀધဉऱτຳ଺

ڣᗶυ

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੺խԳኙ࣍پ໘ऱဩᓫ৥ᤜ4ΕԾࢨृਢ֮ᖂ୮ଚڇᓫᓵਬࠄ׌ᠲழࢬॵ൅༼ࠩ

ऱޗற5Δൕآ๯ီ੡ԫଡᗑمऱψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωᒤᡱΖऴ۟ 1998 ڣছ৵Δψ堬ଇ

֮ᖂωຍଡټጠթإڤנ෼Δࠀ׊ዬዬګ੡ጠࡅຍࠄאଇढ੡׌ᠲऱ֮ᖂ܂঴ऱ ᑑ᧘ΖࢬאΔ२ڣࠐॣڻڇ؀᨜נ෼ऱΔፖࠡᎅਢψᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ஼ᐊ֮ءωΔֹ

ኑᎅਢψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωຍଡᒤᡱΖ

٦ृΔૉᎁ੡ຍଡᒤᡱڇנ෼৵ঁ౨෻ࢬᅝྥऱګ੡ᐖ੡֮ᖂ੺ࢬ൷࠹ऱᄅ ᘋڻ֮ᣊऱᇩΔ߷ຍᑌऱუቝՈڶச࣍ࠃኔΖࠃኔՂΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂڶ๺ڍ௽ࢤࠌ൓

،ৰᣄ๯෻ࢬᅝྥऱီ੡ਢԫጟᄅऱ֮ᣊΖรԫΔڂ੡堬ଇ֮ᖂഄԫऱ٥ຏរΔ

༉ਢ堬ଇڇຍࠄ܂঴խຟۯࡺ૞ߡΔ܀ຍጟᓫᓵტࡴࠆ࠹ፖ௣၄ᆖ᧭ऱ֮ີথৰ

୲࣐๯ᎁ੡መ࣍ψढ඿ωۖፖψ֮ᖂω᫆௑լԵΔࢬאڶլ֮֟ေ୮ᎁ੡堬ଇ֮

ᖂڇऱฐ۩׽౨ᢞࣔ؀᨜ऱ֮ᖂ੺ऱؓ൉ፖ࠲ঋ6Δࠡءߪਢլ಻࿆Ղ֮ᖂऱՕ ႁհഘऱΖࠡڻΔڇՂ૪ऱڃ᥽խݺଚױא઎ࠩΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂࠡኔڇփຝڶԫࡳ࿓

৫ऱᓤᠧࢤΔ੡壆ጟ֮ᣊ෗ᠧۖګΚ،ਝਢူԳಳ৸ऱཋ֮ΔԾຝٝਢ௽௘࠷ٻ ऱሏಖΔᝫڶຝٝਢ᥆࣍໴ᖄ塊ᨚፖ堬ଇᆖ᧭ऱ໴ᖄ֮ᖂΕڼ؆ᝫڶ՛ᎅࡉ෼ז ᇣऱګ։Ζ࣍ਢլ׎֮ᖂ੺ऱᜢଃᎁ੡ࠡኔࠀ޲ڶψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωΔۖ׽ڶᣂ࣍堬 ଇऱཋ֮Ε՛ᎅΕᄅᇣፖ໴ᖄ֮ᖂۖբΖ່৵Δط࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂՈ݈ᠧԱଇᢜΕ堬 ଇ໴ᖄ࿛פ౨ࢤለ೏Δ֮ᖂࢤለஇऱ֮ᣊΔՈڶլ֮֟ᖂ୮׽ല堬ଇ֮ᖂီ੡ਢ ଇᢜࢨਢ໴ᖄऱԫጟΔۖࠀլࠠໂ֮ᖂᏝଖΖ

່৵Δൕ๺ڍ֮ᖂေᓵ୮ലࢬᘯऱψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωូԵଇᢜΕ໴ᖄຍរנ࿇Δ ݺଚঞױא઎ߠΔψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωຍଡᒤᡱլႛԫֱ૿ڇ֮ᖂ੺խڶထ࡟ߪٝآࣔ

4 ࠏڕڇاഏքԼΕԮԼڣזམՕၦ஼ᐊקࠇ堬ଇಖᖋऱାᕙ୪Δڇᅝழঁືڍ׽๯ጠ੡ψભଇ ୮ωࢨਢψ۔پ୮ωΔࠀ޲ڶಘᓵृᄎװᎁటൎᓳה܂঴խऱ֮ᖂᏝଖΖྥۖპݎऱਢΔڕվה থ๯ࡳۯ੡؀᨜ཋ֮ႚอऱ٣ᆣ٣ᔃհԫΔፖፕᙩልΕඩኔટΕ༙ዚ࿛Գࠀ٨ΰᜤٽ໴ 2003 ڣ 6ִ 1 ֲαΖ

5 ࠏڕඩኔટऱπႁॐᓫپρΔᅝழ༉๯ီ੡ਢᡖၢ֮ᖂΔኙਚၢ堬ଇᆖ᧭ऱ༴ᐊ࣍ਢ๯ီ੡ਢ ᡖၢ֮ᖂऱైޗΖ

6 ᧍ᣛ࿓༉མᆖڇᜤٽ೫עխຍᑌ༴૪መ堬ଇ֮ᖂڇ؀᨜ऱנ෼ΰᜤٽ໴ 2000 ڣ 5 ִ 1 ֲαΖ

(12)

ऱ᚟ݜ๠ቼΔ׼؆ԫֱ૿،ፖψ堬ଇ஼ᐊω7հၴΔٍڶထᚼਡᑓᒫऱᣂএΖإ ڕ٣ছኙ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱտฯΔ๺ڍ堬ଇ֮ᖂഗءՂຟ൅ڶଇᢜፖ塊ᨚਐতऱࢤᔆΔ

๺ڍಘᓵृ࣍ਢஉऴല،ီ੡ਢԫء֮ڗለ੡壄ᒯऱଇᢜࢨਢ堬ଇ໴ᖄΖ8ኙ ڼΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ঞאٺጟֱڤൎᓳࠡࢬ໌܂ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂፖࠡה堬ଇ஼ᐊհၴऱ஁

ฆΔࢨᎅ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱૹរࠀլڇ࣍堬ଇΔۖڇ࣍堬ଇહ৵Գൣፖಖᖋऱ༴૪Κψा

עȬ໯१ȭᙯϯԋЎӷȬቪȭрٰǴځ໔ѸฅԖКӞസ׳ख़ाޑ௃གӧբҔωΰᜤ ٽ໴ 2001 ڣ 9 ִ 17 ֲαΖྥۖᏅ໰न࠺ऱਢΔᅝ๺ڍ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮شຍጟᎅဲൎ ᓳ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱॺଇढࢤհ塒ΔՈڶ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ᇢቹൎᓳଇढऱ঴࠺౨Ժऱ壄ษհ

ܑթਢ堬ଇ֮ᖂڶܑ࣍堬ଇ஼ᐊऱᣂ᝶ࢬڇΖਬࠄ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮੷۟ၞۖലנठֱ

ٻ࢏ۼࠩ଺٣᥆࣍堬ଇ஼ᐊᏆ഑ऱ塊ᨚေᦸΔࠡല堬ଇֺᚵګԫጟᐉભመ࿓Δൎ ᓳڂ੡֮ᖂ୮௽௘ऱભᖂ঴࠺౨Ժࡉ֮ڗ।ሒ౨ԺΔڂֺۖԫ౳ऱ堬ଇ஼ᐊृޓ ౨ജጠ៭ऱ೚נભଇေᦸऱՠ܂Ζ࣍ਢݺଚױא઎ࠩΔψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωլႛࠀॺ෻

ࢬᅝྥऱਢԫጟψ֮ᖂωΔ،ٵழՈլؘྥፖࠡה堬ଇ஼ᐊڶԫයܒྥԲ։ऱ੺

ᒵΖ

࣍ਢΔڇᆖመՂ૿ऱ෼ွ༴૪հ৵Δԫࠄڶᔊऱംᠲঁ۞ྥ௬෼ԱΖଈ٣Δ ڕ࣠ᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ֮ᖂ܂঴ৰڰঁբנ෼࣍؀᨜Δਢୌࠄषᄎڂైࠌ൓ڇ 1990 ڣ זأཚנ෼Աψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωຍଡ֮ᣊᒤᡱΛڇຍଡᒤᡱנ෼ऱመ࿓խΔୌࠄ֮ء

๯൷౏Δୌࠄ֮ءԾ๯ඈᚲΛڇψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωڼԫᒤᡱऱ৬مΕ௽ࡳ֮ءऱො౏

ፖඈೈ࿛መ࿓խΔਢୌࠄ۩೯ृ೶ፖࠡխࠀ׊࿇ཀૹ૞ऱᐙ᥼ԺΛڇᨃψ堬ଇ֮

ᖂωګ੡ԫጟ֮ᖂ੺ऱ֮ᣊழΔຍࠄ۩೯ृԾڕ۶ԫֱ૿ᠾ೯֮ᖂ੺ኙ࣍ψ֮ᖂω ऱࡳᆠΔאല堬ଇ֮ᖂ౏ԵΔ׼ԫֱ૿Ծڕ۶ലࠡהᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ஼ᐊඈೈ࣍ψ堬

7 ψ堬ଇ஼ᐊωڇڼਐऱਢא堬ଇ੡׌ᠲऱ֮ڗ܂঴ऱ᜔ጠΔץܶଇᢜΕ堬ଇਐতΕ堬ଇ໴ᖄፖ 堬ଇ֮ᖂ࿛ΖլመڇਝڶऱಘᓵխΔټጠঞ᧩൓Ꮕ੡ᙑ႖Δ๺ڍᓵ֮شψ堬ଇ஼ᐊωΕψ堬ଇཋ֮ω ਐጠݺࢬᘯऱψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωΔۖຕ۞אψଇᢜωΕψભଇေᦸωጠࡅݺࢬᘯऱψ堬ଇ஼ᐊωΖڇאՀ ऱಘᓵխΔݺലጐၦא༇ૹ଺܂ृ੡଺ঞΔլܔޏ଺֮Ζۖਢڇࠡ৵ᇖךᎅࣔڼ܂ृࢬࠌشऱᄗ

࢚ࠡփො੡۶Ζ

8 ༉ຑڇ֮ᕽՂᏅ૤ฐټऱִ֮ࣥΔڇڔऱπ堬ᘇؤಖρנठழΔޕᕟՈڶေᓵ֮ີτྗ࠺ऱᢌ

๬.ᢌ๬ऱྗ࠺υΔࠡխਐנլवሐᇠނຍء஼ឭڇᐓࢪᝫਢ஼ࢪΰᜤٽ໴ 1999 ڣ 5 ִ 3 ֲαΖ

(13)

ଇ֮ᖂωհ؆Δא৬مڼԫᒤᡱऱᗑ௽ࢤΛۖڇؚທ堬ଇ֮ᖂຍଡᒤᡱऱመ࿓

խΔԾਢܡᔡሖࠩਬࠄ֘ኙऱᜢ௡ΛאՂ༉ਢݺࢬॣޡ༼נऱംᠲΖ

(14)

รԲີʳ ֮᣸ڃ᥽

ڇإڤၲ୶ઔߒհছΔኙਝڶ֮᣸ၞ۩ڃ᥽۞ਢؘլױ֟ऱΖଈ٣ݺല٣ൕ ኔᢞઔߒנ࿇Δಘᓵഏփ؆ਢܡڶᣊۿऱᆖ᧭ઔߒΔ٦ၞۖ࢏ۼ۟ڃ᥽֮ᖂषᄎ ᖂऱઌᣂಘᓵΔאڼޓףᑢ堚ݺऱംᠲΔࠀ׊༈൓ᇞ࿠ڼԫംᠲࢬᏁ૞ऱઔߒՠ

ࠠΖۖط࣍ഏփࠀ޲ڶፖ堬ଇ֮ᖂઌᣂऱषᄎᖂઔߒΔ࣍ਢݺലאഏ؆ᣂ࣍堬ଇ

֮ᖂऱषᄎᖂઔߒ೚੡֮᣸ڃ᥽ऱၲࡨΖ

รԫᆏʳ ഏ؆ઌᣂઔߒऱڃ᥽

ط࣍ഏ؆२༓ڣࠐՈၲࡨڶᣂ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂ(food literature)ऱಘᓵ֮ີ9Δࢬא ڇषᄎᖂ੺խڶᣂࣹࠩ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᘋದΔࠀ׊ኙհڶࠄ๺ಘᓵΖଈ٣ΔڇAlan WardeፖLydia MartensٽထऱEating out : social differentiation, consumption, and

pleasureխঁറ॰אԫີࠐಘᓵ堬ଇ஼ᐊΖڇڼΔ܂ृ٣֧شMennellऱᓵរΔല

ᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ֮ڗಖሉ։੡ࠟຝ։Δ։ܑਢאՖࢤ——୮փ堬ଇ੡׌ऱψଇᢜωא

֗אߊࢤ——ֆ٥୯ஂ੡׌ऱψ෪堤֮ᖂω(gastronomy literature)Ζڇኙ෪堤֮

ᖂऱಘᓵխΔ܂ृঁਐנԱ२ڣࠐ෪堤֮ᖂڶԫंᄅ௡ᑪΔۖᄅԫזऱ෪堤֮ᖂ Ծױאา։੡ࠟᣊΔԫᣊ࿨ٽԱ堬ଇፖဠዌਚࠃΔז।Գढ੡Joanne Harris10Δ

׼ԫᣊঞਢאፋྡྷ࣍堬ଇऱள۩੡ࠡ׌ᠲΔז।ԳढঞਢAnthony Bourdain11Ζ

܂ृᎁ੡৵ृթਢଖ൓ಘᓵऱኙွΔਐנຍࠄ܂঴የߩԱᄅխขၸ్ش堬ଇࠐ୶

෼֮֏ᇷءऱྐޣΔٵழٱᢞԱ෪堤֮ᖂፖߊࢤհၴऱᘣ२ࢤΖ່৵Δ܂ृՈਐ נڇຍᑌऱ։ᣊխᝫڶԫᣊտ࣍ଇᢜፖભଇ֮ᖂऱ܂঴ΔץܶԱْ๙๎ػՕᓡא

9 ۟֟ڇ૎፿ߓഏ୮խΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂፖ؀᨜ڶઌᣊۿऱ࿇୶Δ२༓ڣࠐթ௑؆࠹ࠩૹီΔࠀ׊սྥ

ਢԫଡ๯֮ᖂ੺ࢬञᤜऱ֮ᣊΖຍរױא೶ە College English ڇ 2008 ڣᣂ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ௽עΔ ᇡߠΰSchilb 2008ΕWaxman 2008ΕCohnard-Black and Goldthwaite 2008αΖ

10 ૎ഏᖂ܂୮Δࠠז।ࢤऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴ץਔԱπ਻ᖨऱ؄։հնρፖπ႕ම಺ρΔઃբڇ؀נ ठΖ

11 ભഏवټ塊ᨚՕᐓΔٵழՈ׌਍ற෻ᆏؾΔࠀנठ஼ᤄᓫᓵהڇ塊堬੺ՠ܂ऱᆖᖵΖ

(15)

֗Jane Grigsonऱ܂঴Ζۖ܂ृᎁ੡ຍጟሀ။଺ڶ։ᣊ஼ᤄऱנ෼Δრ࠺ထMennell ࢬൎᓳऱ୮֪堬ଇ——Ֆࢤ/ֆ٥୯ஂ——ߊࢤհၴऱᣤ௑੺ᒵբᆖດዬচஇΔ Ֆࢤዬዬ౨ജኙאભଇ੡׌ऱֆ٥୯ஂڶޓڍऱ࿇ᜢᖲᄎ(Warde and Martens 2001)Ζ

Steve Jones and Ben Taylor(2001) ऱ֮ີ”Food Writing and Food Culture: The Case of Elizabeth David and Jane Grigson”ၞԫޡऱಘᓵ David ፖ Grigson ຍࠟۯ܂

୮Δԫֱ૿הଚᎁٵ Warde ऱ઎ऄΔᎁ੡ຍࠟଡԳऱ܂঴ז।ԱՖࢤਗᖏԱ଺٣

੡ߊࢤࢬ׌୬ऱ෪堤஼ᐊΔၞۖሀ။ࠩֆ٥୯ஂऱᏆ഑Ζ܀ਢ׼؆ԫֱ૿Δຍࠟ

Գऱ܂঴Ոຘ᥻נהଚኙ࣍୮֪堬ଇऱঅښߠچΔࠏڕ੡ᅝזᄅנ෼ऱ១ঁ෪堤 ݾ๬ࡉᕴޗტࠩᐡ֨Ζኙڼ܂ृ່ึലհࢮࠩ෼זࢤऱಘᓵΔਐנڔଚኙ࣍堬ଇ ऱ෼זࢤ࣍ਢڶထᚼਡऱኪ৫Κԫֱ૿ਗᖏԱ堬ଇᏆ഑խ៱ڶऱߊፖՖ։ՠ଺

ঞΔ׼ԫֱ૿থԾᝫഒ਍ထ堬ଇऱءటࢤ௽ۥ(Jones and Taylor 2001)Ζ

ڇᆖመՂ૪ऱڃ᥽հ৵Δݺଚױא࿇෼Δຍࠟᒧኙ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱಘᓵࠀլ౨ ᔞ֊ऱڃ࿠ݺࢬᣂࣹऱംᠲΖڂ੡ຍࠄಘᓵຟਢא௽ࡳऱਬࠄ֮ءփ୲܂੡ޗ றΔؾऱਢ૞༴૪ፖᇞᤩᅝז௽௘ऱ堬ଇسข/௣၄णउΔࠀॺא堬ଇ֮ᖂ෼ွ

੡ࠡઔߒऱૹរΖࢬאຍࠄ܂঴ڇԫࡳ࿓৫Ղ១֏Ա堬ଇ֮ᖂऱփ୲Δ׽ᙇᖗፖ 堬ଇኔ܂ڶയ֊ᣂএऱ܂঴ࠐಘᓵΰࠏڕ Warde ऱಘᓵխঁ࢙ฃԱڇለࠠڶ֮ᖂ ࢤऱ Joanne HarrisΔۖലྡྷរ࣋ڇፖ堬ଇسขڶയ֊ᣂএऱ Anthony Bourdain ߪ ՂαΖ٦ृΔڇຍࠄಘᓵխΔݺଚױא઎ߠլٵᣊীऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂၴൄڶ᧩ထऱࢤ

ܑऱ஁ฆΔۖڇ؀᨜Δ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ܂ृࠀॺ௽ࡳႃխፖਬԫࢤܑΔ࣍ਢൕࢤܑऱ ߡ৫֊Ե؀᨜ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂױ౨ࠀլਢ߷ᏖڶრᆠΖ᜔ۖߢհΔݺଚױא઎ߠΔឈ

ྥഏ؆ኙ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᘋದՈڶઌᅝऱᣂࣹፖಘᓵΔ܀ਢڇ༼ം࠷உፖ෼ွՂຟ ፖݺଚࢬ༼נऱംᠲፖ෼ွڶઌᅝऱᆵ஁Ζ

(16)

լመഏ؆堬ଇ֮ᖂऱषᄎᖂઔߒឈྥլ౨ऴ൷பشࠐᇞᤩ؀᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ

෼ွΔ܀ਢൕഏ؆堬ଇ֮ᖂऱઔߒխΔݺଚՈױא઎ߠ؀᨜෼ွऱਬࠄ௽ࢤΖڇ ഏ؆ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂխΔڶઌᅝ೏ऱֺࠏਢࠐ۞റᄐᐓஃΕଇᢜᐊ܂ृऱᘣߪᐊ܂Δ

֘ᨠ؀᨜Δᄎ๯඀Ղψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωհټऱՕڍຟਢ଺٣༉ክൄא֮ڗ஼ᐊ੡ᄐऱ Գऱ܂঴Ζຍࠀլრ࠺ထڇ؀᨜ࠀ޲ڶറᄐᐓஃΕଇᢜᐊ܂ृנठ஼ᤄΔۖਢຍ ࠄנठ঴ຟ๯ඈࢴ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂհ؆Ζԫֱ૿נठषڇԫၲࡨ܂ٞ྽ழঁႜٻ੡ຍ ࠄԳנठኔشࢤൎऱ෪堤֫םΔڕπॳഗஃೢࡁޡρ࿛Δ֟ڶנठषؚጩ੡ຍࠄ ᐓஃנठॺଇᢜΕ堬ଇਐতऱ஼ᤄΖ׼ԫֱ૿Δܛঁਢຍࠄ堬ଇൕᄐԳ୉ऱᒔᐊ

܂Աԫࠄڇփ୲Ղೣٻ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ܂঴——ڕॳពऱπຫពလؑ໱ტ೯ற෻ρΔ

ঁ༷ٽԱ܂လመ࿓ፖԳسᆖ᧭Δڇփ୲Ղᣊۿִ֮࣍ࣥΕ׆৙ԫԫሁऱ堬ଇ֮

ᖂΕඩᡯػऱπᎅپρΕπխഏټလᔊᓫፖమ๸ρಘᓵࠩխഏလऱ༳ਚΔፖାᕙ୪Ε

◺ᤌࣟ࿛Գऱᐊ܂ֱڤᏅڍઌۿհ๠——܀ਢຍࠄ܂঴থຟڇٺڤٺᑌಘᓵ堬 ଇ֮ᖂऱ໱ٽ——ྤᓵਢઔಘᄎΕറᠲᓵ֮ࢨਢԫ౳ऱ֮ᖂ஼ؑ໴ᖄ——խ౒

ஂΖ࣍ਢΔഏ؆ऱઔߒឈྥլ౨شאᇞᤩ؀᨜ऱ෼ွΔথڶኙᅃऱᏝଖΔڇຍᑌ ऱኙᅃխΔݺଚױא઎ߠڇ؀᨜Δ堬ଇ֮ᖂຍԫᒤᡱۿ׏׽ല଺٣ঁፖ֮ᖂ໱഑

൷२ऱ܂ृፖ܂঴ො౏ࠡխΔࠡ塒ऱ܂঴ঞᔡࠩԱઔߒΕտฯ堬ଇ֮ᖂृࢨڶრ ࢨྤრऱዣီፖඈᚲΖ࣍ਢ؀᨜ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂඈᚲԱୌࠄ܂঴ΔԾڕ۶׊੡۶ᄎඈ ᚲຍࠄ܂঴Δঁਢଖ൓൶ߒऱംᠲΖۖਝྥڇ؀᨜Δ堬ଇ֮ᖂ׌૞ਢط֮ᖂᏆ഑

ۖॺ堬ଇᏆ഑ऱԳࢬಘᓵΔ൷ထݺঁڃ᥽؀᨜խ֮ߓᣂ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱઔߒΔ઎઎

ࠡխਢܡ੡ψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωຍԫᒤᡱڇ؀᨜ऱנ෼Δ༼נԱᔞᅝऱᇞ࿠Ζ

รԲᆏʳ ਝڶऱ؀᨜ᆖ᧭ઔߒ

ڇڃ᥽ഏփխ֮ߓኙ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂᘋದऱઔߒழΔݺ࿇෼ឈྥኙ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ໾

᧯ಘᓵᏅ੡ᑷ࿮Δ܀ਢᣂࣹ؀᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂᖞ᧯࿇୶૩ᇾऱ֮ᖂઔߒؾছࡸլڍΔ

׊׌૞ຟਢխ֮ߓઔߒسऱ܂঴Ζڇຍࠄ܂঴խΔݺଚױא઎ࠩࠟጟᕻឤ։ࣔऱ

(17)

ᨠរΔԫጟਢൕ֮ᖂ੺փຝऱߡ৫װ༴ᢄຍᑌऱ෼ွΔࢨृലհូ壆࣍௽ࡳऱ܂

঴ፖ܂ृΖ׼ԫᣊঞਢطൕਢൕ؆֮࣍ᖂ੺ऱषᄎයٙࢬ࿇سऱޏ᧢ࠐᇞᤩ堬ଇ

֮ᖂऱডᘋΔאՀݺല։ܑڃ᥽ຍࠟጟᨠរհՀऱ܂঴Δಘᓵ،ଚڇ༴૪Εᇞᤩ

堬ଇ֮ᖂऱנ෼ٺ۞ڶ੷Ꮦಥ᣸ࢨ౒ະΖ

ೣ֮ᖂ੺փຝᨠរऱઔߒΔലᅝז堬ଇ֮ᖂڇ؀᨜ଅ۩ऱ෼ွΔូڂ֮࣍ᖂ

੺փຝڂైΖຍᣊऱઔߒԾױא٦า։ګࠟጟழൄյઌףൎऱᨠរΔࠡԫਢലྡྷ

រឭڇ༴૪։࣫௽ࡳ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ऱᚌߐ௽ᔆΔࠏڕൎᓳ◺ᤌࣟፖାᕙ୪ࣹૹ堬ଇ ऱ୮׈હནፖԳسᔹᖵΔࢨਢڇಘᓵִ֮ࣥऱ܂঴ழΔൎᓳִ֮ࣥڶܑ࣍הԳऱ า֨ፖტ࠹౨Ժ࿛Δط࣍ຍᑌऱᚌߐ௽ᔆΔࠌ൓הଚڇءᔆՂ༉ֺԫ౳Գޓ౨ജ

঴࠺ଇढΔࠀຖ֮ࠡ७ᐊנ堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴Δଅᣇ壆ڍᦰृΖ׼ԫጟᨠរঞਢ္壆

࣍ࡐڶऱ֮ᖂႚอΔࢨृൎᓳᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ஼ᐊ଺٣ঁਢխഏႚอऱԫ֭ΔױՂᄩ

۞ᤕሊΕಒ࣭Επદᑔኄρ࿛֮ᖂᆖࠢΔۖᅝז؀᨜ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂঁਢࢭ᦭ຍᑌऱ

ႚอۖࠐΔԾࢨृᎁ੡ຍਢ؀᨜֮ᕽ࠹ഏ؆֮ᕽऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂଅᑪऱᐙ᥼Δࠌ൓؀

᨜ऱ֮ᖂ୮Ոၲࡨቫᇢᣊۿऱ܂঴Ζቝᘸ࡯ᑥऱτାᕙ୪堬ଇཋ֮ઔߒυΔא֗

ᤕᣙ៫ऱτ؀᨜ᅝז堬ଇཋ֮ઔߒΚא৵෼זፖ৵ཷا੡ᓵ૪໱഑υঁਢຍᣊী

ઔߒऱ່ࠢীᒤࠏΖছृڶᦸ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱଅᑪΔڂۖઔߒࠡ֨ؾխ؀᨜堬ଇ֮

ᖂऱࡨల——ାᕙ୪堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴Ζࠡאାᕙ୪ऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂ੡ኙွΔၞ۩֮ءऱ փ୲։࣫Ζ܂ृԫֱ૿ᇢቹؚທԫ୚ൕାᕙ୪ࠩឌߜ᥻Ε׆৙ԫΕᓐఇࠝऱ堬ଇ

֮ᖂߓᢜΔൎᓳାᕙ୪ਢψᖏ৵؀᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂၲଅ௛հ٣ωΔࠀ׊ψהऱ堬ଇཋ

֮൅೯Ահ৵؀᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂᐊ܂ऱଅ௛ωΰᘸ࡯ᑥ 2006:109αΔ׼؆ԫֱ૿Ծլ ݱൎᓳټ٨ຍଡߓᢜՂऱ܂୮ࠡ壆ڍᚌߐऱ௽ᔆΔൎᓳຍࠄ܂୮௽ฆऱ୮׈હན ࢨԳسᎾሖΔԯ۟࣍ࠡԳ௑௽ᔆΔᖄીԱהଚ່৵റݳ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂΖ৵૿ԫᒧᓵ

֮ঞല堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᘋದΔᆜ࣍৵ཷا׌ᆠፖ৵෼ז׌ᆠऱ؆ࠐႚอᅝխΔᎁ੡؀

᨜堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᘋದΔਢ࠹ຍं؆ࠐᑪੌऱ܂شհࢬીΔࠀၞۖ։࣫ٺጟૹ૞ऱ֮

ᖂ֮ءΔאᢞࣔຍᑌऱᣂএऱᒔژڇΰᤕᣙ៫ 2007αΖ

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܀ਢΔຍᣊൕ֮ᖂ੺փຝנ࿇ऱಘᓵፖ઎ऄൄൄᣄאإᒔऱᎁᢝࠩΔ堬ଇ֮

ᖂਢऴࠩ२ڣթڇנठၦՂܧ෼ᡨ੦ࢤګ९Δࠀ׊టإڶԱψ֮ᖂωऱټ։Δሚ ᓵኙڼ೚נ৾ᅝऱᇞᤩԱΖൎᓳ܂ृଡԳ௽ᔆऱઔߒᨠរྤऄܫ္ݺଚΔ۞ײ۟

վຟڶ墏ড়א֗ڶ؏৸ऱ܂୮Δথ੡۶ڇڼழթڶฒڍऱ࠹ࢭᎁऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂ୮ፖ 堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴Ζൎᓳ堬ଇ֮ᖂႚอऱઔߒᨠរٍ༚ڕਢΔܛঁݺଚڇ෼վऱ堬ଇ

֮ᖂ܂঴խऱᒔ઎ߠԱڶਝڶխ֮֮ᖂऱႚอࢨਢֱ۫堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᐙ՗Δຍࠉ៱

ྤऄᇞ࿠੡۶ຍᑌऱႚอਢڇڼழթڇ؀᨜๯࿇ཆ٠Օΰࢨਢ๯֧Ե؀᨜αऱം

ᠲΖࠃኔՂΔՕຝ։ऱઔߒ੷࢙۟ฃԱψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωຍଡټጠנ෼࣍໴ጤࠡኔᝫ լࠩԼնڣऱࠃኔΕޓ࢙ฃԱא堬ଇ੡׌ᠲऱ֮ᖂ܂঴ڇ߉נ෼ழམ๯ᎁ੡ਢ֮

ᖂۚ඿֏Εढᔆ֏ऱွᐛΔۖԫ࠺ऱല堬ଇ֮ᖂ༴ᢄګࡐڶۖآམխឰऱ֮ᖂႚ

อΖڂڼݺᎁ੡ຍࠄઔߒፖࠡᎅਢኙຍᑌऱ෼ွၞ۩։࣫ᇞᤩΔଙլڕᎅהଚ֘

ਠԱ֮ᖂ੺փຝऱ׌ᨠ।ွΔؾऱਢ૞੡ᅝՀऱ֮ᖂ෼ွ༈ބࢨ໌ທԫଡ壀ᆣႚ

อΔ៶ڼ੡ຍଡ֮ᖂ෼ွ༈൓إᅝࢤΖլመឈྥຍࠄᓵ֮ࠀ޲ڶᙄऄኙຍᑌऱം

ᠲ༼נԫ୚חԳየრऱᇞᤩΔ܀ൕ׼؆ԫଡߡ৫ࠐ઎Δຍࠄᓵ֮থإړ୶෼נᣂ

࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᖂ๬ઔߒڕ۶៶طൎᓳਬࠄᅝז܂୮ࢨਬࠄ܂঴ऱᚌߐ௽ᔆΔԾࢨ

ृല堬ଇ֮ᖂፖਬଡ೛Օऱ֮ᖂႚอઌ൷ຑΔٻݺଚ୶෼נ֮ᖂ੺ڕ۶៶ط֮ᖂ ઔߒΔࠐྤխسڶऱ໌ທנຍᑌԫଡ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᒤᡱࠀ׊ᒔمԫ୚堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ೛

ՕႚอΖࢬאڇ൷ՀࠐऱಘᓵխΔຍࠄಾኙ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ֮ᖂઔߒՈᄎګ੡ݺૹ૞

ऱઔߒᇷறΔאڼ୶෼נ֮ᖂ੺փຝ௽ࡳऱሎ܂ֱڤΖ

ൕषᄎයٙנ࿇אᇞᤩ堬ଇ֮ᖂ࿇୶ऱᓵ֮Δז।܂ਢቝ 2006 ڣ۵٠Օᖂ

֮ᖂࢬᔤිୠऱτ؀᨜堬ଇཋ֮ઔߒυΔࠡ༉ش 1.ढᔆس੒ऱ༼֒ፖ堬ଇ฾ክऱ ޏ᧢Ε2.໴עᠧ፾ፖנठᄐऱංंܗᣴΕ3.堬ଇ஼ᐊऱڍց֏ 4.ٺᣊী໌܂୮ऱ ދԵΕ5.ཋ֮ڻ֮ᣊऱ࿇୶ຍնႈ଺ڂΔᇞᤩ؀᨜२ז堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴Օၦנठऱ

෼ွΰᔤිୠ 2006αΖೈԱ৵؄ႈऱಘᓵֺለቝ༴૪ۖॺᇞᤩհ؆Δรԫଡ଺ڂΔ

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Ո༉ਢψढᔆس੒ऱ༼֒ፖ堬ଇ฾ክऱޏ᧢ωᖄીԱ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᘋದإਢൄߠऱ षᄎයٙᇞᤩΔ܀ਢຍᑌऱᇞᤩژڇထ๺ڍᣄᇞऱംᠲΖଈ٣Δຍᑌऱᇞᤩࠀ޲

ڶࣔᒔऱ༴૪ᆖᛎऱ༄ᇛڕ۶൅೯堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ࿇୶ΔࠃኔՂΔᅝᓵृല堬ଇ֮ᖂ ऱᘋฐፖᆖᛎऱإ૿ګ९ઌյᣂᜤழΔՈڶլ֟ಘᓵല堬ଇ֮ᖂፖᆖᛎऱ૤ګ९ ވՂᣂএΔᎁ੡ਢᆖᛎլན௛ऱൣउհՀΔᦰृթᄎ៶ط堬ଇऱֱڤΔ੡ᩀ༠ऱ

ൣፃ༈ބנՑΰ᎛ߠᠧ፾ 2007 ڣ 6 ִ 1 ֲαΖ࣍ਢೣषᆖයٙऱઔߒڇܧ෼؀᨜

ऱᆖᛎणउፖ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᣂএழΔࠀྤऄ೚נ堚ᄑऱᎅࣔΔ֘ۖڶ۞ઌؿએऱൣ

उΖޓ່ૹ૞ऱਢΔ٠ൕ֮ᖂ੺ऱ؆ຝڂైኙࠡ೚נᇞᤩΔᄎྤऄᇞᤩ๺ڍ堬ଇ

֮ᖂ੺ऱ࿇୶णउΖࠏڕ堬ଇ֮ᖂڕ࣠టऱਢᄭ۞࣍षᄎՂኙ࣍壄ᒯ堬ଇऱཏሙ ૹီऱᇩΔ߷Ꮦڇ堬ଇ֮ᖂ੺խΔᛧ൓೏৫ေᏝऱ܂঴ᚨᇠਢאറࣹ࣍տฯ壄ᒯ 堬ଇא֗ࠡઌᣂ௣၄ᇷಛऱ܂঴Δ܀ࠃኔ᧩ॺڕڼΔ߷ࠄא௣၄੡׌ऱ܂঴ൄൄ

࠹֮ࠩᖂ੺ऱᔆጊፖޅܒΖ࣍ਢݺଚױאᎅΔឈྥլ౨ܡࡳᆖᛎයٙፖ堬ଇ֮ᖂ ऱᓒড࿇୶հၴױ౨ڶऱᣂຑΔ܀ਢొጰאڼၞ۩ᇞᤩঞᄎ࢙ฃԱาຝڂ࣠ᣂএ

ංᓵΔՈ࢙ฃԱ֮ᖂ੺ኙ֮ᖂࢬױ౨ທګऱᐙ᥼Ζ࣍ਢ׽ൕᆖᛎයٙࠐᇞᤩ堬ଇ

֮ᖂऱᝨᓵױᎅਢਝլ৾ᅝՈլך։Ζ

ጵՂࢬ૪ݺଚױא઎ߠΔྤᓵਢൕ֮ᖂ੺փຝऱߡ৫נ࿇Δٍࢨਢൕषᄎය

ٙऱߡ৫נ࿇ࠐᇞᤩ堬ଇ֮ᖂڇᅝז؀᨜ᘋದऱ෼ွΔຟٺڶլٵऱംᠲፖ౒

ະΖൕ֮ᖂ੺փຝᨠរנ࿇ऱಘᓵൄൄᄎ۞ྥ֏ࢨଡԳ֏ຍᑌऱ᧢೯Δࢨृီհ

੡ਝڶ֮ᖂႚอऱ࢏ۼΔލࢨီհ੡௽ࡳଡԳऱ໌ທΔ࢙ฃԱፖ堬ଇઌᣂऱ֮ᖂ ਢڇ२༓ڣթฐ۩࣍؀᨜ࠀ׊ڶԱ֮ᖂऱټ։Ζൕषᄎයٙऱߡ৫נ࿇Δࡐྥࣹ

რࠩ堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴ਢڇ२༓ڣࠐթՕၦנठऱࠃኔΔ܀থྤऄᇞᤩ۶אኙ௣၄ऱ ᣂࣹ׽ႝسנ堬ଇ֮ᖂΔۖॺਢಾኙ௣၄س੒ऱ֮ᖂΔڇڼٵழΔຍᑌऱᇞᤩՈ

ྤऄ๠෻堬ଇ֮ᖂऱေᏝፖ࿇୶࿛փຝംᠲΖڼ؆Δឈྥຍࠟጟᇞᤩ׍઎հՀಾ

ᔴઌኙথԾ᥽ڼ؈࢖Δ܀ൕ׼؆ԫଡߡ৫נ࿇Δݺଚথױא࿇෼ຍࠟጟᇞᤩഗء Ղڶထ٥ࠆऱळរΔ߷༉ਢהଚຟ޲ڶኙψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωڼԫᒤᡱऱנ෼ၞ۩ᔆጊΔ

(20)

ۖਢլ೗৸౉ऱሎش堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᒤᡱΔװಘᓵߒຶਢ࠹؆ຝΰᆖᛎ᜗ዊαᝫਢփ ຝයٙΰڶթ௛ऱ܂୮࿇ཆԱਝڶऱ֮ᖂႚอαऱᐙ᥼Δթڇᅝזڶڕڼ᠆༄ऱ 堬ଇ֮ᖂ܂঴Ζ܀ࠃኔՂΔ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱփ୲ءߪ࿪լᄅᗩΔᄅᗩऱ֘ۖਢψ堬ଇ

֮ᖂωڼԫᒤᡱΔ࣍ਢటإᚨᇠಳംऱࠡኔਢፖ堬ଇઌᣂऱ֮ᖂਢڕ۶ψګ੡ω ԫጟ֮ᖂᣊীΔࠀലਬࠄ܂঴ូԵࠡټՀࠀٵழԾඈೈፖዣီୌࠄᣊۿᠲޗऱ܂

঴Ζۖຍࠄംᠲլႛ੡Ղ૪ઔߒࢬ࢙ฃΔຍࠄઔߒᝫၞԫޡشᖂ๬ऱ፿ߢװ֭

ᐶΕ्ᎁ堬ଇ֮ᖂຍଡᒤᡱऱژڇΖ࣍ਢڇՀ֮խΔຍࠄઔߒࠀլᄎګ੡ݺኙᇩ ऱ׌૞ኙွΔۖᄎਢݺ։࣫ޗறऱԫຝٝΔݺലאຍࠄ֮ᖂઔߒ੡ޗறΔ൶ߒᖂ

ೃઔߒਢڕ۶ᒔم堬ଇ֮ᖂڼԫᒤᡱΖ

รԿᆏʳ ֮ᖂषᄎᖂ෻ᓵ

੡Ա૞ڃ࿠੡չᏖ堬ଇ֮ᖂڼԫ֮ᣊᒤᡱᄎڇᅝז؀᨜נ෼ΔאՂݺڃ᥽Ա ഏ؆षᄎᖂ੺א֗ഏփխ֮ߓኙ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂฐ۩෼ွऱઔߒፖಘᓵΔࠀ׊࿇෼ഏ

؆ኙຍֱ૿ऱઔߒፖݺࢬ༼נऱംᠲڶထᆵ஁Δۖ؀᨜ᣂ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᖂ๬ઔߒ ڇᇞᤩຍଡ෼ွழຟٺڶ౒ະΔ׊٥ࠆԱଖ൓ᔆጊऱছ༼ΖڇᒔࡳԱਝڶऱᆖ᧭

ઔߒຟྤऄኙݺࢬ༼נऱ෼ွፖംᠲ࿯נٽࡵऱᇞᤩհ৵ΔאՀݺঁലྡྷរ᠏ٻ

֮ᖂषᄎᖂऱઌᣂ෻ᓵಘᓵΔݦᕧൕխױאބࠩᔞᅝऱ෻ᓵ௃ਮፖՠࠠࠐࡳۯݺ ऱംᠲࠀ࿯ղᇞ࿠Ζ

֮ᖂषᄎᖂਢԫ॰אषᄎᖂऱߡ৫൶ಘ֮ᖂᖞ᧯෼ွΰץਔ֮ᖂسขΕ௣

၄Εޅေፖ֮ءءߪαऱषᄎᖂڻᏆ഑Ζᖏ৵ऱ֮ᖂषᄎᖂԫၲࡨ׌૞ᛩ៥ڇ֘

ਠᓵ֗ࠡञᤜհխΖຍਢڂ੡֮ᖂषᄎᖂڶൎՕऱ್܌৸׌ᆠႚอΔ࣍ਢႜٻ࣍

ലψ֮ᖂωᆜ࣍Ղᐋ৬ᗰፖՀᐋ৬ᗰຍᑌऱषᄎቹቝհխΔ൶ಘ᥆֮࣍ᖂऱՂᐋ ৬ᗰፖՀᐋ৬ᗰЯषᄎ࿨ዌհၴऱᣂএΖຍԾױ։ګԿጟ෻ᓵ࠷உ(Albrecht 1954)Δ։ܑਢ 1.֘ਠᓵ——ൕՂᐋ৬ᗰمഗ࣍Հᐋ৬ᗰऱߡ৫נ࿇Δᎁ੡֮ᖂ

(21)

ࢨᢌ๬ࠃኔՂ֘ਠԱࠡࢬൕנऱषᄎ࿨ዌऱ௽ࡳणउΙ2.൳ࠫᓵ——ൕՂᐋ৬ᗰ ᄎଥ堸ΕᔟൽՀᐋ৬ᗰऱᨠរנ࿇Δᎁ੡֮ᖂࢨᢌ๬ല࿇ཀፂ਍षᄎ෼णऱפ ౨Ι3.Ⴟທᓵ——ຍঞਢऎ᦭۞ለڰཚऱ૎ഏᖂृ Arnold ऱဍ૎࠷ٻΔፖ Gramsci ऱ᥹ᦞᨠ࢚Δൎᓳ֮ᖂፖᢌ๬Ո౨ڶᐙ᥼Ⴟທषᄎऱױ౨ΰAlexander 2006αΖۖ

ڇࠡԿृխΔ່ഗءՈਢ່ு֨ऱ༉ਢ֘ਠᓵऱቃ๻Δ֮ۖᖂፖषᄎऱ֘ਠᣂএ Ոګ੡ڰཚ֮ᖂषᄎᖂኔᢞઔߒխ່ൄߠऱ׌ᠲΔא֗෻ᓵञᤜऱு֨(Noble 1976; Ruff 1974)Ζ

֘ਠᓵଈ٣ᄎᔡሖࠩऱޅܒਢ،ྤऄ૿ኙࠠڶ໌ທԺऱ܂঴Δۖ׽౨ಾኙ൉

ঋհ܂Ζ֮ᖂຏൄ๯ᎁ੡ਢ܂ृ࿇ཀ໌ທԺΔലైޗΰՈ༉ਢ܂ृऱषᄎᆖ᧭α

᠏ངګ੡֮ءΔۖຏൄ။ਢ೛Օऱ֮ᖂ܂঴Δᄎኙైޗၞ۩။ᓤᠧऱ᠏ངΔ່৵ ܧ෼ऱ܂঴ঁ။ᣄऴ൷֘ਠנ܂୮ࢬߪ๠ऱषᄎ࿨ዌΔࢨਢ။ᣄ࿇ཀࣚ೭࣍܂୮ ࢬ᥆ᛧࢬᎁٵհၸ్Ζ੡Ա܌ࣚຍᑌऱംᠲΔGoldman ࣍ਢ༼נԱψ࿇سᖂऱ࿨

ዌ׌ᆠωऱઔߒֱऄΰ֩ᐚ೷ 1989αΖGoldman ٣ൕኙ១໢֘ਠᓵᨠរऱޅܒၲ

ࡨΔਐנຍᑌऱᨠរ׽౨ജઔߒؓ൉ऱ֮ᖂΔٵழՈᄎؓ൉֏֮ᖂءߪΖ࣍ਢᚨ ᅝەኘऱլਢषᄎس੒ፖ֮ᖂ܂঴փ୲հၴڇ෼ኔՂऱኙᚨᣂএΔۖਢ壄壀࿨ዌ ՂऱኙᚨᣂএΖהᎁ੡ឈྥ໢ԫ܂୮໌܂ऱ܂঴փ୲ڶױ౨լٵ࣍ᅝழषᄎऱ ψ壄壀࿨ዌωΔ܀ࢬᘯऱ೛Օऱ܂঴ΔՈ༉ਢڇਬषᄎխᆖመழזە᧭ऱ܂঴Δ ڇՕڍᑇऱൣउՀᄎዌګઌᣊۿऱ壄壀࿨ዌΔ׽ਢຍᑌऱ壄壀࿨ዌլ౨ऴ൷ൕ໢

ԫ֮ءऱփ୲խᛧ൓Ζ࣍ਢઔߒृؘႊ૞٣ኙٵԫଡழזऱᆖࠢ܂঴ᆢၞ۩ψᇭ

ᤩωΔ৬ዌנԫ୚܂঴ऱ壄壀࿨ዌΔ٦៶طࢬᛧ൓ऱ壄壀࿨ዌװψᇞᤩω܂঴ፖ षᄎऱᣂএΔՈ༉ਢװ༈ޣ܂঴ऱ؆ຝ෼ኔፖࢬ৬ዌದࠐऱ壄壀࿨ዌհၴऱᣂ এΔຍጟ෼ኔױ౨ᄎፖ܂঴ऱ壄壀࿨ዌڶٵᄭᣂএٍࢨਢ១໢ऱפ౨ᣂএΖᆖመ Աኙ֮ءփ୲ऱาᒯ৬ዌ։࣫ΔGoldman ᇢቹૹᄅᒔمԱ֮ᖂፖषᄎڇ壄壀࿨ዌ Ղऱ֘ਠᣂএΖྥۖڇޅܒृณխΔຍଡ֘ਠᓵऱ壄ᒯठءսڶ๺ڍآ౨ᇞެऱ

ംᠲΔNoble ঁԫԫਐຫ Goldman ࿇سᖂ࿨ዌ׌ᆠऱ౒ະΖଈ٣Δຍਢԫ୚ֶ౒

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ড়ᨠࢤऱֱऄΔڂ੡܂঴ፖषᄎڇ壄壀࿨ዌऱٵᄭࢤᣂএྤऄڇኔᢞઔߒխ๯࿇

෼ΖၞۖߢհΔGoldman ऱᇞ࿠ڶངԫጟֱڤܧ෼ംᠲऱ჎ጊΚה׽ਢല଺٣ψ܂

঴փ୲ωፖψषᄎ࿨ዌփ୲ωհၴ߷ױጊऱᣂএΔ᠏ང੡ψ܂঴壄壀࿨ዌωፖψष ᄎ壄壀࿨ዌωհၴΔ߷ࠉ៱ᎅլ堚ሐլࣔऱᑓᒫᣂএΖ່৵Δ،Ոլ౨ᇞᤩ੡չ Ꮦڇઌ२ۿऱၸ్ۯᆜՂऱ܂ृΔথᄎڶլԫᑌऱ܂঴ፖᨠរ(Noble 1976)Ζ

૿ኙ֘ਠᓵऱ壆ڍംᠲΔPetersonΰ1979αऱ”Revitalizing the Culture Concept”

ঞലီߡൕ֮ᖂषᄎᖂࢮ֮۟֏षᄎᖂΔڃ᥽Աᣂ࣍।෼ࢤွᐛ(expressive symbols)ऱ֮֏षᄎᖂխऱ֘ਠᓵ࠷உΔ֗ࠡࢬࢵીऱञᤜፖംᠲΖPeterson ਐ נྤᓵਢᜢጠ֮֏ข঴֘ਠԱ٤षᄎ໱ནऱ֘ਠᓵΔٍࢨਢለ੡᠃შऱਐנ֮֏

ข঴֘ਠԱ௽ࡳڻ֮֏ࢬߪ๠ऱݝຝषᄎᛩቼऱݝຝ֘ਠᓵΔຟڶᣄא࢙ီऱ౒

ະΖה࣍ਢ༼נԱ֮֏سข࠷உ܂੡ཙזֱூΔᎁ੡֮֏سข࠷உթ౨ֺለᔞᅝ ऱ๠෻।෼ীွᐛऱ֮֏ਢڕ۶࠹षᄎࢬᐙ᥼ऱΖ࣍ਢݺאՀലൕኙ֮֏سข࠷

உऱڃ᥽ၲࡨΔ൶ಘൕ֮֏سข࠷உנ࿇ऱ֮ᖂषᄎᖂਢܡ౨ജݔ࿳ऱڃ࿠ऱ堬 ଇ֮ᖂڼԫᒤᡱڕ۶׊੡۶ڇᅝזऱ؀᨜נ෼Ζ

֮֏سข࠷உ

֮֏سข࠷உᘋದ࣍ 1970 ڣזΔڇ߷հছભഏषᄎᖂኙ࣍ψ֮֏ωΔ௽ܑਢ

܂੡।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏(expressive symbol)ࠀ޲ڶ֜᠆༄ऱઔߒഗ៕ 12Ζԫֱ૿ڇ

׌ੌषᄎᖂ੺խΔψ֮֏ωս࠹ࠩࢆ෡৸ऱ࿨ዌפ౨ᓵऱᐙ᥼Δലઔߒႃխ࣍܂

੡Ꮭଖࢨਢ๵ᒤऱ֮֏Δࠀၞۖലຍᑌऱ֮֏ᆜ࣍ᑓ൳ၸݧऱືរΔಘᓵ܂੡Ꮭ ଖፖ๵ᒤऱ֮֏ڕ۶ᖜ૤ದ᡹ࡳࠀ׊٦፹षᄎ࿨ዌऱຂٚΖڇຍᑌऱ෻ᓵࠢᒤ ՀΔڕ࣠ኙ֮࣍ᖂΕᢌ๬࿛।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏ڶࢬᣂࣹΔՈਢڂ੡࿨ዌפ౨ᓵऱ ᖂृቃ๻Ա֮ᖂᢌ๬܂঴౨ജ֘ਠڼழषᄎऱᏝଖፖ๵ᒤΔ࣍ਢݦඨ៶طຍࠄ

12 Petersonല֮֏։੡๵ᒤΕᏝଖΕॾٛፖ।෼ࢤွᐛΔᇡߠ”REVITALIZING THE CULTURE CONCEPT”Δࠀױ೶ە(Kroeber et al. 1952; Kroeber and Parsons 1958; Schneider and Bonjean 1973;

Wagner 1981;᠏֧۞ Peterson 1979)

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ψኔڇωऱ֮֏܂঴ऱփ୲ࠐ஢஦Ε᝟२ለ੡ࢼွऱᏝଖΕ๵ᒤፖॾٛΖࢬאຍ ᑌऱಘᓵଈ٣ࠀլലྡྷរႃխ࣍ኙ।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏ऱઔߒΔࠡڻਢຍᑌऱಘᓵ ࠉྥڶထ֘ਠᓵऱംᠲ(Peterson 1979)Δڂ੡הଚቃ๻Ա֮ءਢኙषᄎᏝଖऱऴ

൷।ሒΖ׼ԫֱ૿Δڇຍଡழཚٍڶ֮ᖂᢌ๬षᄎᖂઔߒΔאಘᓵ֮ᖂᢌ๬܂঴

ऱփ୲֗᧢֏܂੡ࠡઔߒྡྷរΔࠀאGoldmanፖLowenthal੡׌૞ז।ᖂृΖ܀ਢ ຍᣊઔߒൕ್܌ཎ׌ᆠࠢᒤנ࿇Δႜٻ࣍شၸ఼్ݧ֗ࠡ᧢೯ࠐᇞᤩ֮ᖂᢌ๬Ꮖ

഑ऱ᧢֏Δڂۖᝫਢፖছृ٥ࠆԱ֘ਠᓵऱቃ๻ፖ౒ະ (Hall 1979)Ζ

ڇຍᑌऱહནհՀΔ֮֏سข࠷உऱم໱ԫֱ૿ൎᓳ܂੡।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏

ڇᅝזषᄎխڶࠡઔߒՂऱᏝଖΔۖլᚨ׽ല،ီ܂๵ᒤፖॾٛ୶෼ऱ໾տ (Crane 1994)Δ׼ԫֱ૿ڇֱऄՂঞᔆጊԱط್܌৸׌ᆠृࢬ৬مࠀᙟ৵ط࿨ዌ פ౨ᓵࢬ։ࠆऱ֮֏——षᄎ֘ਠᨠΔൎᓳ֮֏ፖषᄎ࿨ዌऱᣂএլ౨ജ១໢ऱ ቃ๻੡֮֏֘ਠषᄎΔۖᚨᇠࣹრࠩषᄎڕ۶ኔᎾऱᐙ᥼֮֏Δڂۖ૞ࣹრ௽ࡳ

ऱषᄎ࿨ዌࢬފዝऱߡۥ(Peterson 1979)Ζڇࢴ؞֘ਠᓵऱઔߒቃ๻৵Δ֮֏س ข࠷உൕՠᄐषᄎᖂΕิ៣षᄎᖂፖՠ܂षᄎᖂխ֧ၞԫߓ٨ऱᄗ࢚ՠࠠΔ٦ף Ղ٣ছڇᐖᆠऱ֮֏षᄎᖂᏆ഑խሿਣऱઔߒګ࣠Δቝ Diana Crane ڇઝᖂषᄎ ᖂᏆ഑ኙ࣍ឆݮᖂᆢऱઔߒ(Crane 1972)ΕPaul Hirsch ൕଃᑗՠᄐխ࿇୶נࠐऱ ښ॰Գऱᄗ࢚(Hirsch 1972)ΔHarrison White ኙભ๬Ꮖ഑ၞ۩ऱԳᎾጻ࿮։࣫

(White 1965)Δא֗ Howard Becker ऱψᢌ๬׈੺ω(Becker 1976)࿛Δאڼലᣂࣹ

।෼ࢤฤᇆਢڕ۶๯ࠡسขऱषᄎයٙࢬᐙ᥼ࡉࠫપऱ֮֏षᄎᖂΔ൅Ե׌ੌष ᄎᖂऱᣂࣹհխ(Santoro 2008)Ζ

ࠠ᧯ۖߢΔ֮֏سข࠷உፋྡྷڇ֮֏ऱွᐛࢤցైڕ۶๯ࠡسขΕੌຏΕေ

ᏝΕඒᖄࡉঅژ،ऱߓอࢬݮႿΖ،ຏൄ๯լᄎ๯Գጠ੡ԫጟψ෻ᓵωۖਢԫጟ ψ࠷உωΔ߷ਢڂ੡،ࠀլץܶԫ୚ݙ࿳ऱ෻ᓵΔץܶ௽ࡳऱ೗๻Δࠀ׊ኙ֮֏

سข෼ွ೚נᖲࠫࢤऱᇞᤩΖ،ֹኑਢԫጟᨠ઎।෼ࢤွᐛ֮֏ऱֱڤΔࠀ׊ץ

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ܶԱԫࠄױא೚נ։࣫ፖូ౏ऱᄗ࢚᧢ႈ(Battani and Hall 2000; DiMaggio 2000)Ζ֮֏سข࠷உױאូ౏੡ԿଡૹរΖଈ٣Δ،ઔߒऱਢطࠫ৫֏ऱᏆ഑

ࢬسขऱ֮֏ข঴Δࠀ׊ቃ๻ຍࠄ֮֏ข঴ऱփ୲ࡉݮڤױא๯ࠡسขऱࠫ৫ᛩ ቼࢬݮႿΖ٦ृΔᣂ֮࣍֏سข૞ڕ۶༴ᢄسขයٙኙข঴ऱᐙ᥼Δ֮֏سข׌

૞ਢൕՠ܂षᄎᖂΕิ៣षᄎᖂࡉՠᄐषᄎᖂխΔسګڼ࠷உऱ׌૞ᄗ࢚ՠࠠΔ ຍࠄᄗ࢚ՠࠠױאូ౏੡քଡૹ૞೶ᑇΖຍץܶԱ 1.ઝݾΕ2.ऄ৳ፖ๵ᒤΕ3.ՠ ᄐ࿨ዌΰ໌ທࢤขᄐՕીՂڶԿጟױ౨ऱՠᄐ࿨ዌΔץਔԱ൷२ݙ٤ᤁञؑ໱ऱ ՠᄐ࿨ዌΔࠡխژڇထ๺ڍ՛ীขᄐ፹ທנฆᔆࢤ೏ऱข঴Ε൷२ኒ۾ऱՕٞᄐ ऱ๵ᑓسขΔࠡข঴ऱฆᔆࢤലᄎೣ܅Δ່৵ਢࠟृऱ෗ٽαΕ4.ิ៣࿨ዌΰ֮

֏سขิ៣ڶԿጟױ౨ऱิ៣ݮڤΔץܶԱઝᐋऱ៭ᦞ։֏א֗ڍᐋጥ෻Ε܅৫ ऱ៭ᦞ։֏א֗ለ֟ऱጥ෻ᐋ్Εছࠟृऱ෗ٽαΕ5.៭ᄐسෑፖΕ6.ؑ໱ΰڇڼ

ؑ໱ਐऱࠀॺຍࠄขᄐࢬኔᎾ૿ኙऱؑ໱Δۖਢຍࠄขᄐᎁवհխऱؑ໱αΖ່

৵Δ֮֏سข೗๻ຍᑌऱ։࣫ઔߒֱऄױא๯ᚨشڇٚ۶ࠫ৫֏ऱ֮֏سขᏆ

഑ΔՕઌຕஅऱ֮֏سขᏆ഑࣍ਢࠠໂԱױֺለࢤΖۖኙլٵچ೴Εழཚխઌٵ ऱ֮֏سข໱഑ΔࢨኙլٵسขᏆ഑ऱֺለࠫ৫։࣫Δঞױאၞԫޡআګ֮֏س ข࠷உऱၞޡ(DiMaggio 2000)Ζ

ۖຍጟ։࣫।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏षᄎᖂΔਢܡױא୚شڇኙ֮࣍ᖂऱ։࣫ࡋΛ

௅ᖕ Griswold ኙ֮࣍ᖂषᄎᖂኔᢞઔߒ࿇୶ऱڃ᥽Δൕ 1980 ڣזၲࡨΔ֮֏س ขऱ࠷உᒔኔՈᐙ᥼Ա֮ᖂषᄎᖂऱᏆ഑Ζࠌ൓֮ᖂषᄎᖂ୮ଚၲࡨࣹრࠩᔹᦰ

ؑ໱ऱ᠏֏ڕ۶ᐙ᥼֮ᖂփ୲Εנठิ៣ࡉࠡהࠫ৫ڇඈೈࢨංᐖ௽ࡳ܂঴ழࢬ

୶෼ऱ౨ԺΔא֗ڇಘᓵ܂੡ښ॰Գऱנठ೸ڕ۶ᛧ࠷ᇷಛא೚נެ࿜Ε܂ृၴ

ਢܡటऱڶ Harold Bloom ࢬᘯऱψᐙ᥼ऱྡྷᐞωழΔڕ۶֧ၞषᄎጻ࿮ऱ։࣫

ݾ๬Δא༴ᢄנठ೸ࢨਢ܂ृၴऱԳᎾᣂএጻ࿮(Griswold 1993)ΖطڼױवΔല

֮֏سข࠷உऱઔߒ࿜ฃ౏ၞ֮ᖂषᄎᖂऱኔᢞઔߒխΔᒔڶ٣ࠏױ༛Ζ

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ۖૉऎش֮֏سข࠷உऱઔߒֱڤΔࠐڃ࿠٣ছࢬ༼נऱംᠲΔՈ༉ਢᣂ࣍

堬ଇऱ܂঴۶אڇվֲऱ؀᨜ګ੡ԫጟ֮ᖂऱڻ֮ᣊΔઔߒ༉ױאऎထՂ૪ऱք ଡૹ૞೶ᑇၲ୶Ζࠏڕݺଚױאەኘڇऄ৳ፖ๵ᒤᐋڻՂΔנठऄऱᠾᆙא֗໴

ᆃᇞೈ৵Δ໴౐ᏺ്ࢬݮګऱຌࢤ೫עठ૿ਢܡࠌ൓ڇנठषא֗೫עխޓႜٻ

࣍נठࢨע࿆ࢬᘯऱ堬ଇ֮ᖂΛٱࠧઝݾऱޏၞאી࣍೫ע٤൑ܧ෼ࡉנठؑ

໱խቹ֮஼ऱᏺףΔਢܡᨃൄ݈ᠧထࠋ塔ऱᅃׂࢨאቹ֮஼ऱݮڤנ෼ऱᣂ࣍堬 ଇऱ܂঴ޓףऱᓒড࿇୶Λڇ 1990 ڣזխཚנठᄐፖ໴ᄐऱՠᄐ࿨ዌ᧢֏။᧩

Ꮳ௺ΰࠟृઃڶດዬؑ໱ႃխΕٞᄐႃቸ֏ऱ᝟Ⴈαਢܡᐙ᥼ԱࠡڇנठΕע࿆

܂঴ழऱެ࿜ەၦΛڇࡌٖԲֲհ৵Δנठषኙ࣍ࠡࢬ૿ኙऱᔹᦰؑ໱Ծڶ੷Ꮦ ᄅऱუቝΛ໴षࢨਢנठषਢܡԾڂۖڇิ៣Ղ։֏נᄅऱຝ॰ΰࠏڕ໴षऱຌ ࢤ೫עࢨਢנठषऱس੒஼ߓαΛՂ૪ጟጟڂైႪٽΔਢܡ༼೏Ա堬ଇઌᣂ܂঴

ऱנठၦΔၞۖڇسข૿ՂΔ༼ࠎԱᨃຍଡᒤᡱ൓אګمऱයٙΛڼ؆Δᣂ࣍੷

Ꮦ܂঴๯ොਔЯඈೈ࣍ψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωऱᒤᡱհՀΔঞױאࣹრຍࠄ܂୮ऱ៭ᄐس

ෑΔԫֱ૿൶ಘຍࠄ܂୮ፖښ॰Գऱጻ࿮ᣂএΔ׼ԫֱ૿Ոױאಘᓵ೶ፖ堬ଇ֮

ᖂᏆ഑ऱ܂୮ਢܡڶਬࠄ٥ຏࢤΔ๯ඈೈ࣍堬ଇ֮ᖂᏆ഑ऱ܂୮ڶਢܡڶਬࠄ٥ ຏࢤΛ

ྥۖΔԫ؟ലࢬ༼נऱઔߒംᠲឭၞ֮֏سข࠷உऱ௃ਮխΔݺଚՈ༉مࠥ

ױא࿇෼Δᆖ᧭෼ွۿ׏ࡸڶԫࠄ߮ಱࡌމհ๠Δᣄא๯ڼ࠷உࢬᅃ᥽ፖإီΖ ଈ٣Δૉش֮֏سข࠷உװಘᓵਬଡ֮ᣊᒤᡱऱݮګΔঞۿ׏ᄎመ৫ൎᓳ؆ڇᇷ ᄭऱދࣹΔ࢙ီԱ֮ᣊփຝऱ௽ࢤΖࠏڕڇՂ૪ऱಘᓵঁ׌૞ႃխڇנठषΕ໴

ष࿛ิ៣۶אᄎႃխࠡΰઌኙ֮࣍ᖂ੺ऱα؆ຝᇷᄭΔۖ܂୮ፖຍࠄ؆ຝᇷᄭऱ ᘣ२ࢤԾ੡۶Δਢܡڂ੡ፖຍࠄิ៣ښ॰Գऱጻ࿮ᣂএΔࠌ൓ਬࠄ܂୮൓אၞԵ 堬ଇ֮ᖂऱᒤᡱΖڕڼঁᄎ࢙ီԱ֮ᖂ੺փຝऱणउΔࠏڕطᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ܂঴ࢬ ݮګऱψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωΔࠡհࢬא౨ജڇ२ࠐګ੡ԫጟᄅנ෼ऱ֮ᣊΔೈԱڶՕၦ ऱ܂঴נठհ؆Δਢܡᝫڶਬࠄࠌࠡ൓אᛧ൓֮ᖂ੺փຝᎁױऱයٙΔࠏڕፖਝ

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ژ֮ᣊऱᘣ२ࢨਢᤉࢭᣂএΔࠌຍଡ֮ᣊऱנ෼൓אګ੡ױ౨ΖޓၞԫޡΔኙ࣍

؆ຝᇷᄭऱൎᓳࡉփຝ֮ᣊઌኙᣂএऱ࢙ီΔࠌ൓֮֏سข࠷உྤီ֮࣍ᖂ੺փ ຝ׈੺ऱ܂شፖ᧢֏Δڇൎᓳፖᐊ܂ΕנठፖআᔭઌᣂऱषᄎයٙऱٵழΔ،ኙ ࢬᘯऱψ֮ᖂ੺ωፖ֮ᖂေᓵ౒׎ߩജऱ༴ᢄΚೈԱዃᔭፖլዃᔭհ؆Δ֮ᖂ܂

঴ਢլਢᝫژڇထࠡהऱေܒᑑᄷΔۖຍᑌऱေܒᑑᄷԾᄎڕ۶ᐙ᥼堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ

໌܂֗࿇୶Λ堬ଇ֮ᖂຍଡᒤᡱᐖ࠹൷࠹ႯΛං೯ፖܡࡳ،ݮګإ֮ࠢᖂऱԺ ၦٺ۞ದԱ੷Ꮦ܂شΛ່৵Δݺଚլ܍ᄎუംΔԫଡ֮ᣊऱݮګፖ᧢֏Δటऱ׽

Ꮑ૞ەኘຍքଡ׌૞ᄗ࢚Δٍܛەኘسขයٙऱޏ᧢֗ࠡࢬ൅ࠐऱᇷᄭᾄࣹঁױ

܌ຶ٤פႯ13Λ֮֏سข࠷உڇಘᓵψ֮֏ऱسขωழΔਢլਢࠡኔዥᎅԱਚࠃ ऱਬࠄ૿ٻΛ

ऱᒔΔ๺ڍ֮֏षᄎᖂऱಘᓵृኙ֮࣍֏سข࠷உՈڶઌᣊۿऱޅေΖຍࠄ ޅေਐנ֮֏سข࠷உಘᓵመ৫ऱൎᓳ֮֏سขऱ؆س᧢ႈΔۖࠌ൓ࠡڇಘᓵ ψ֮֏ωऱسขழྤฆ࣍ಘᓵԫ౳ข঴ऱسขΖኙ࣍ຍࠄޅေृۖߢΔኙ֮֏س ขऱઔߒᚨᇠਢ૞ᎁᢝࠩࠡࢬಘᓵऱ֮֏ข঴ױ౨ᄎݮګઌኙᗑم࣍؆ຝᇷᄭ ऱփຝ׈੺ΔڃመᙰࠐΔຍᑌऱփຝ׈੺ਢڶױ౨ኙ֮֏ข঴ທګᐙ᥼Ζۖط࣍

֮֏سข࠷உࠀ޲ڶലຍԫຝٝᆜ࣍ࠡ։࣫௃ਮΔڂۖՈྤऄಘᓵຍᑌऱփຝ׈

੺ኙ֮֏ข঴سขऱᐙ᥼(ࠅᖵ՞Օ 2008; Denzin 1990; Eyerman, Svensson and Soderqvist 2006; Gottdiener 1985; Jensen 1984; Negus 1997; Wolff 1981; Wolff 1999;

᠏֧۞Santoro 2008)Ζۖᕣጥ֮֏سข࠷உڇ࿇୶መ࿓խԫऴᇢቹ೚נଥإΔ܀

ਢຍᑌऱ࿇୶ؾছ੡ַຟᝫೖఎڇ৙ጠऱᐋڻΖڇ෻ᓵՂΔ֮֏سขփຝࠀ޲ڶ

༼נޓᄅऱ௃ਮΔאലփຝ׈੺ऱ௽ࢤ౏ၞ։࣫௃ਮհխΖۖڇᆖ᧭ՂΔٍ֟ڶ

13 ࠃኔՂΔ֮֏سข࠷உڇಘᓵຍႈᤜᠲழΔऱᒔڶຍᑌऱႜٻΚڇ Ohmann ಘᓵᅝז՛ᎅਢ ڕ۶๯إࠢ֏ऱழଢΔה༉ᎁ੡ᅝז՛ᎅૉ૞๯إࠢ֏Δଈ٣ؘႊ๯נठࠀ׊ᛧ൓ᆖᛎՂऱګ

༉Δ៶ڼթ౨֧ದဍ૎ေᓵעढऱࣹრΔ່৵๯౏Եᖂ๬ऱಘᓵհխΔݮګإࠢ(ߠ Ohmann 1983)Ζ܀ਢ۟֟؀᨜ऱࠏ՗ঁॺڕڼΔছ૪ऱฒڍጻሁ՛ᎅΕ࡛֤֮ᖂڇ؀᨜ຟᖑڶ᧫Գऱᔭ ഇၦΔ܀ਢ،ଚথ޲ڶᛧ൓ٚ۶ဍ૎ေᓵעढऱࣹრΔሚᓵګ੡إࠢԱΔۖຍᣊዃᔭথլ๯إࠢ

֏ऱ՛ᎅߒຶ֟Ա੷ᏖΔঞਢ Ohmann ऱಘᓵխྤऄإ૿๠෻ऱΖ

(27)

ലᔞ֊։࣫ຍຝٝऱ܂঴ 14Ζ׼؆Δឈྥ֮֏سข࠷உᇢቹشሟᓾ࿨ዌ(reward system)װ஢஦փຝ׈੺ءߪኙ֮࣍֏ข঴ऱᐙ᥼(Peterson 1994)Δ܀ຍଡᄗ࢚Ո

ႛַ࣍༴૪ਬࠄ֮֏سขᏆ഑ޓףૹီ८ᙒא؆ऱٵᕦᎁٵፖ्ࡳΔڂۖለլ࠹

؆ڇᇷᄭ։಻ऱᐙ᥼Ζ܀ਢೈԱאڼ܂੡֮֏سขᏆ഑ऱ։ᣊᑑᄷհ؆Δ֮֏س ข࠷உऱઔߒृՈৰ֟װ܂ၞԫޡऱ։࣫ፖಘᓵΔ੡۶ᄎڶਬࠄ֮֏Ꮖ഑ᄎለլ

࠹؆ڇᇷᄭ։಻ऱᐙ᥼Δٵᕦऱᎁٵፖ्ࡳԾᄎڕ۶࿇ཀ܂شΔ،ଚਢ๯৻Ꮦᛧ

൓ፖञ࠷ऱ࿛࿛ംᠲΖ࣍ਢݺଚױאᎅΔ֮֏سข࠷உࡐྥਐנԱኙ֮࣍ᖂسข Ꮖ഑۟ᣂૹ૞ऱ؆س೶ᑇΔ܀ਢط࣍،ኙ࣍փຝ׈੺޲ڶךߩऱಘᓵΔאી࣍،

ྤऄ։࣫༴ᢄࠡኙ֮ᖂسขࢬױ౨࿇سऱᐙ᥼Ζۖ੡Ա૞ᚦٽຍଡ౒ະΔ൷Հࠐ ݺঁലڃ᥽֮֏षᄎᖂխ׼ԫ֭אൎᓳ֮֏ऱփຝრᆠፖ֮ء౧࿮੡׌Δࠀ׊լ ᙊ塒Ժऱޅܒ֮֏سข࠷உऱ෻ᓵᨠរΔܛࠅᖵ՞Օᖂ੔ࢬ༼ଠऱψ֮֏ऱषᄎ ᖂω(cultural sociology)Ζ

֮֏ऱषᄎᖂ

֮֏ऱषᄎᖂຍԫᄗ࢚ਢط Jeffery C. Alexander ࢬ༼נΔۖהፖࠡהٵᑌી

Ժ֮࣍֏ऱषᄎᖂઔߒऱઔߒृ࣍ਢ๯ጠհ੡ࠅᖵ՞Օᖂ੔Ζࠅᖵ՞Օ࣍ 1990 ڣזإڤ༼נ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂڼԫᄗ࢚Δࠀ׊ലհፖԫ౳ऱ֮֏षᄎᖂ(sociology of culture)ઌኙمΰࠅᖵ՞Օ 2008αΖࠅᖵ՞Օᎁ੡Δհছऱ֮֏षᄎᖂઔߒഗ ءՂຟലψ֮֏ωီ੡ਢࠉ᧢ႈΔઔߒྡྷរႃխ࣍षᄎ࿨ዌڕ۶ኙ֮֏ၞ۩ᐙ᥼

ፖૻࠫΖຍጟಘᓵֱڤቃ๻Աፖषᄎ࿨ዌ࿛ઌᣂऱ᧢ႈޓటኔΕޓࠠᇞᤩԺऱΔ

֮ۖ֏ঞਢઌኙڻ૞Εڍת๯ছृࢬެࡳऱ᧢ႈΖࠅᖵ՞Օ࣍ਢޅܒຍᑌऱઔߒ

࣍ਢྤऄإီ֮֏۞׌ࢤΔՈ༉ਢ઎լߠψ֮֏ωኙषᄎس੒ࢬದऱᗨᄕᐙ᥼܂

شΔۖছ૪ऱ֮֏سข࠷உΔڇࠅᖵ՞Օณխإਢኙຍጟ֮֏षᄎᖂഗءቃ๻ऱ

14 א֮֏سข࠷உז।Գढ Richard Peterson ່ࠠז।ࢤऱ܂঴ Creating Country Music:

Fabricating Authenticity੡ࠏΔឈྥຍຝ܂঴ऱ೫ᑑᠲᎅࣔࠡലྡྷរൕ؆ຝᇷᄭऱᾄࣹ᠏ٻ੡ી

Ժ࣍ಘᓵრءటࢤ(Authenticity)ຍଡփຝ૞ైऱ৬ዌΔ܀ᘰࠨऱਢΔኙ Authenticity ऱಘᓵՈਢ ء஼່᧩ᜳஇፖլߩհ๠Δױߠ Karen ऱ஼ေ(Karen 1999)Ζ

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ऴ൷।ሒΰࠅᖵ՞Օ 2008αΖۖ੡Ա૞ፖՂ૪ऱ֮֏षᄎᖂઌឰါΔࠅᖵ՞Օ࣍

ਢ༼נԱψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωऱᄗ࢚ΖהൎᓳΔ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂലઔߒྡྷរ᠏ٻ֮֏

რᆠኙषᄎࠫ৫ፖषᄎ۩೯ऱᐙ᥼Δڂۖ౨ૹਕ֮֏ऱ۞׌ࢤΖ

ۖ੡ԱሒګՂ૪ऱؾᑑፖ෻უΔࠅᖵ՞ՕᘜٽԱGeertzፖῥዿი࿛ڍԳऱႚ

อΔݮګԱ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂᗑ௽ऱઔߒ࠷உΖଈ٣Δ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂ࠷உᄎ٣ലॺွ

ᐛࢤऱषᄎᣂএᣬᚶΔറࣹ๠෻षᄎس੒խΔွᐛ࿨ዌऱ૿ٻΖڇڼΔהঁଗش ԱGeertz෡༴ऱᄗ࢚Δലွᐛ࿨ዌီ੡ڶრᆠऱ֮ءΔ࿴ኔ༴ᢄࠡխऱฤᒘΕඖ ࠃፖွᐛΖྥۖΔGeertzऱ෡༴ࢴ࿪ԫ౳ࢤ෻ᓵऱ৬ዌΔۖထૹ࣍षᄎ֮ءऱา ᒯ༴ᐊΔڂ່ۖࠩ৵ྤฆ࣍ኙฆچऱள۩֮ᖂಖሉΖ૿ኙຍᑌऱംᠲΔࠅᖵ՞Օ

࣍ਢ֧Եῥዿი——౉ፃዿऱႚอ15Δല෡༴ࢬ൓հ֮֏֮ء᠏֏੡ࠠڶԫࡳ࿓

৫ཏሙࢤऱွᐛ࿨ዌΔࠀ׊ຍᑌऱွᐛ࿨ዌ——إڕ౉ፃዿኙฤᇆߓอऱൎ ᓳ——ਢઌኙ۞׌࣍षᄎ࿨ዌऱΖ່৵Δᅝွᐛ࿨ዌ៶طຍᑌऱઔߒመ࿓൓א๯

堚ᄑऱ༴૪հ৵Δ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂঞലषᄎ࿨ዌ٦ૹᄅ൅ڃઔߒխΔࠠ᧯ऱ༴ᢄွ

ᐛ࿨ዌਢڕ۶ሎ܂אᐙ᥼षᄎ࿨ዌΰࠅᖵ՞Օ 2008αΖ

ڇ෻ᇞԱψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωՕીՂऱփොհ৵Δ൷ထݺലಘᓵψ֮֏ऱषᄎ ᖂωڕ۶๯شאಘᓵ܂੡।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏Ζط࣍ലᘋᔊ࣋ڇ֮֏ڕ۶ኙषᄎ࿨

ዌ࿇ཀᗑمऱᐙ᥼ԺΔൕψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உנ࿇ऱઔߒΔຏൄֺለထૹ࣍ઔ ߒڇषᄎس੒խਬࠄឈ๯٥ࠆথԾለ੡ᑓᒫऱွᐛრᆠΔࠀଗૹ֮ᖂઔߒऱՠࠠ

ലွᐛრᆠղא࿨ዌ֏Ζࠏڕࠅᖵ՞ՕءԳኙՕളවऱઔߒঁਢڕڼΖהലᅝז ኙ࣍ՕളවऱಘᓵףאნᖞΔᜢጠڶԫ୚༟Ꮳඖࠃ௃ਮऱွᐛ࿨ዌ຃ઠ࣍Օളව ऱಘᓵΔۖຍԫ୚ᛩ៥ထՕളවۖݮګऱွᐛ࿨ዌԾڕ۶ᐙ᥼ԱԳଚऱ۩೯Δ壆 ڕԳଚ۞ڼലጟගᖏञ෻ᇞګ׼ԫጟՕളවΔڂۖኙڼڶထᖿ௺ऱ֘ᚨΔԾࢨृ

15 ๺ڍԳᄎലຍࠟृ։ၲಘᓵΔ܀ࠅᖵ՞Օᎁ੡ࠟृڶઌյᐙ᥼ऱᣂএΔ࣍ਢࠓۖီհ(ࠅᖵ՞

Օ 2002)Ζ

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شધ࢚ᅾΕધֲ࢚࿛ֱڤࠏ۩֏ຍᑌऱ༟Ꮳ࿛࿛Ζ܀׼ԫֱ૿ΔՈڶԫࠄઔߒृ

ᇢቹאψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உઔߒ܂੡।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏Δቝڇ 2005 ڣऱ”The Rebirth of Tragedy Out of Spirit of Hip Hop: A Cultural Sociology of Gangsta Rap Music”Δ܂ृ༉ᇢቹא֮֏ऱषᄎᖂ࠷உ։࣫႕ᚥ墌ۡଃᑗऱዚဲΔਐנڇຍࠄ ႕ᚥ墌ۡଃᑗዚဲխՈԫᑌڶਬጟ༟Ꮳඖࠃ௃ਮऱွᐛΔۖຍᑌऱွᐛ࿨ዌΔ๯

۟֟ຝٝऱ႕ᚥ墌ۡଃᑗऱᦫฒࢬ٥ࠆ(Riley 2005)Ζ࣍ਢΔݺଚױא઎ߠΔψ֮

֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உڇಘᓵ܂੡।෼ࢤွᐛऱ֮֏ழऱᒔࣹრࠩ٣ছऱ֮֏سข࠷

உࢬ࢙ฃࢨլജૹီऱຝ։Ζଈ٣Δψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உᄎޓףࣹრ।෼ࢤွ

ᐛ֮֏ऱփ୲Δࠀ׊ش࿨ዌࢤऱֱڤװ๠෻،Δಘᓵਢܡױאലຍࠄ।෼ࢤွᐛ

֮֏ऱփ୲ᖞ෻נԫ୚௽ܑऱွᐛ࿨ዌΔڇ֮ᖂᏆ഑խΔຍຏൄਐऱ༉ਢ௽ࡳऱ ඖࠃ֫ऄࢨભᖂܒᄷΖڼ؆Δψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உՈլݱൎᓳຍࠄ।෼ࢤွᐛ ऱփ୲ਢڶᖵ׾ऱΔࠡ࣍ਢᄎװಘᓵຍᑌऱွᐛ࿨ዌԾਢܡፖࠡהޓڰ٣ऱွᐛ

࿨ዌڶਬጟࢭ൷ᣂএΖ

ࢬאΔૉ૞ൕψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உנ࿇ࠐڃ࿠ݺࢬ༼נऱംᠲΔݺঞᚨᇠ ٣װࣹრᅝזᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ܂঴ऱփ୲Δಘᓵᄎ๯ូ੡堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ܂঴ڇփ୲Ղ ΰۖॺ֮֏سข࠷உࢬൎᓳऱڇسขิ៣ࢨԳᎾጻ࿮Ղαਢܡڶਬࠄ٥ຏࢤΔۖ

Ծፖྤऄ๯ូԵ堬ଇ֮ᖂऱ堬ଇઌᣂ܂঴ڶ੷Ꮦ஁ܑΖೈڼհ؆ΔݺՈᚨᇠ૞װ ಘᓵ֮ᖂ੺ਢܡڶਬࠄਝګऱႚอࢨਢᆖࠢࢤऱ֮ءΔࠌ൓ፖ堬ଇઌᣂऱ܂঴ለ

ࠡהऱᄅᘋ֮ᣊޓڶױ౨ૹᄅބࠩԫ୚ψ๯࿇ࣔऱႚอωאګ੡ψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωΖ

ྥۖΔឈྥ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂऱᒔ౨ജشࠐၞ۩֮ᖂᢌ๬षᄎᖂऱઔߒΔՈऱᒔ

ࣹრࠩ๺ڍ֮֏سข࠷உࢬ࢙ฃऱ૿ٻΔ܀ਢ،থྤऄګפऱ࠷ז֮֏سข࠷

உΚ༉ቝ֮֏سข࠷உመ৫࢙ီփس᧢ႈאીڶԱ౒ະΔ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂ࠷உՈڶ

࢙ီषᄎ؆س᧢ႈऱႜٻΔڂۖᖄી๺ڍംᠲΖଈ٣Δᓵृڕ Emirbayer ঁਐנΔ

֮֏ऱषᄎᖂڇઔߒֱऄՂ٣ലषᄎ࿨ዌᣬᚶΔԾൄൄല֮֏ီ੡ਢ෻࢚ऱۖष

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ᄎ࿨ዌਢढᔆऱΔຍጟઔߒֱڤڶױ౨ᄎኔ᧯֏֮֏ፖषᄎࠟृΔࠀ׊ല෻࢚ፖ ढᔆီ੡ࠟઌኙمΖ࢏ᥛՂԫଡംᠲΔຍᑌऱԲ։ࠌ൓ࠅᖵ՞Օྤऄݔ֊ऱ๠෻

ᦞԺ܂شऱംᠲΔڂ੡הലᦞԺီ੡٤ྥਢ؆֮࣍֏ۖൕ᥆࣍षᄎ࿨ዌऱΔ࢙ฃ Ա۩೯ृլႛױ౨࠹षᄎ࿨ዌᛩቼխऱᦞԺࢬؐ׳ΔՈٵᑌڶױ౨࠹֮֏ᛩቼխ ऱᦞԺࢬᐙ᥼Ζڼ؆Δឈྥࠅᖵ՞Օڇ෻ᓵ৙ጠՂࢭᘭڇݙᖞऱ෡༴ွᐛ࿨ዌ

৵Δ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂലૹᄅലᣬᚶऱषᄎ࿨ዌ࣋ڃಘᓵխΔ൶ಘွᐛኙ࣍षᄎ࿨ዌ ऱᐙ᥼Δ܀ਢࢨ๺ਢڂ੡ছ૪ऱࠟଡംᠲࠌ൓ࠅᖵ՞Օᣄא๠෻֮֏ፖषᄎհၴ

ᣂএऱᒴਚΔڇኔᢞઔߒխהធ֟టإװ৬مԫ୚֮֏ኙषᄎऱڂ࣠ᇞᤩᖲࠫΔ

ۖൄൄ׽ਢၞ۩ኙਝڶऱ֮᣸ᇷறףאნᖞࠀᙃᢝנࠡխऱွᐛ࿨ዌ(Emirbayer 2004)ΖՈڂ੡הመ࣍ൎᓳ֮֏ऱ۞׌ࢤΔ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂ࠷உࠡኔࠀլᖐ९װ๠

෻ွᐛ࿨ዌ੡۶א֗ڕ۶ޏ᧢ऱംᠲΖቝהڇኙՕളවऱಘᓵխΔམ༼֗Օളව ԫၲࡨ๯ᆜ࣍ψၞޡඖࠃωऱ௃ਮڂۖ᧩൓լૹ૞Δዿ৵๯ૹᄅᆜ࣋ڇψ༟Ꮳඖ ࠃωऱ௃ਮՀΔۖګ੡ԳଚᣂࣹऱྡྷរΔ܀ਢࠅᖵ՞Օࠀ޲ڶᎅࣔՕളවਢڕ۶ ൕၞޡඖࠃࠩ᠏ངࠩ༟ᏣඖࠃΔՈڂڼΔהኙຍࠟ୚ඖࠃऱូ౏ৰ୲࣐๯ᎁ੡ࠠ

ڶመ৫ऱٚრࢤΔᣄא࠷ॾᦰृΖ່৵Δطছ૪ऱጟጟംᠲݺଚױא઎נΔឈྥ

֮֏ऱषᄎᖂڇ෻ᓵ৙ጠՂრቹٵழ๠෻ွᐛ࿨ዌፖषᄎ࿨ዌΔ܀ኔᢞઔߒխ،

ࠡኔႜٻ࣍ൎᓳ֮֏ऱ۞׌ࢤۖኙषᄎ࿨ዌထᕠլ෡ΔڂڼΔՈڶေᓵृᎁ੡،

ڶመ৫ೣૹᨠ࢚ᓵऱ჎ጊ(McLennan 2005)Ζലຍࠄ෻ᓵՂऱޅܒ᠏֏੡ᆖ᧭ઔ ߒՂױ౨ऱ౒؈Δ߷ݺଚঞױא઎ߠΔૉאψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωऱ࠷உࠐڃ࿠ݺࢬ

༼נऱംᠲΔঞឈྥױאޓףૹီࠩψ堬ଇ֮ᖂωڇփ୲Ղױ౨ڶऱ௽ࢤΔא֗

،ፖࠡה֮ᣊհၴऱࢭᤉ೴ܑᣂএΖ܀ڇڼٵழΔຍᑌऱઔߒᒔڶױ౨࢙ฃԱᅝ ז؀᨜ਬࠄᣂ࣍堬ଇऱ܂঴ګ੡堬ଇ֮ᖂࢬᏁ૞ऱषᄎයٙ੡۶ΕԾڶୌࠄᣂ᝶

ऱ۩೯ृڇ࿇ཀ܂شΖ౒׎ኙຍࠄڂైऱᣂ່ࣹึڶױ౨ᨃݺᣄאᇞᤩ੡۶ፖ堬 ଇઌᣂऱ܂঴ᄎڇᅝז؀᨜ګ੡堬ଇ֮ᖂΖۖኙڼࠅᖵ՞Օऱ᥯Ꮝঞਢ֮֏ऱष ᄎᖂ࠷உ׽౨᥽֗षᄎس੒ऱ֮֏რᆠᐋ૿ۖॺ٤ຝ(Alexander 2005)Ζᘰࠨऱ ਢΔຍᑌऱ᥯Ꮝࠡኔॺൄ൷२࣍ࠅᖵ՞ՕࢬીԺޅܒऱ֮֏سข࠷உΔ׽ਢ৵ृ

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ൎᓳऱਢ֮֏سขऱ࿨ዌ૿Ζ

ᆖመኙψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωא֮֗֏سข࠷உऱڃ᥽Δݺଚױא઎ߠΔࠟጟઔ ߒ࠷உឈྥٺլઌٵۖ׊յڶޅေΔ܀থՈյ੡ᢴွऱڶထઌ֘থઌۿऱ౒ະΖ ψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω੡Աൎᓳွᐛ࿨ዌۖආ࠷Ափຝᨠរऱߡ৫Δᣬᚶषᄎ࿨ዌא าᒯऱ৬م֮֏ऱ࿨ዌΖ܀ຍ່ึᖄીԱ๺ڍऱംᠲΔଈ٣،ႜٻ࢙࣍ီषᄎ࿨

ዌኙွᐛ࿨ዌऱઌյᣂএۖലွᐛ࿨ዌኔ᧯֏Δ࢙ฃԱ֮֏ፖᨠ່࢚ึᝫਢ૞ڶ

ࠡࢭሉृ(carrier)ΰଁ܄ 1989αΖ٦ृΔຍᑌऱم໱Ոࠌ൓֮֏ऱषᄎᖂᣄאᇞ

ᤩွᐛ࿨ዌऱ᠏᧢Δڂ੡،ኙ֮֏۞׌ࢤऱቃ๻Δࠌ൓،૞լྥኙڼᆜհլ෻Δ

૞լྥ༉׽౨ൕွᐛ࿨ዌऱփຝװ൶ޣਬጟ壀ఽऱ೯Ժא܂੡ኙޏ᧢ऱᇞᤩΖۖ

ૉᎅψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂω࠷உऱ౒ະڇ࣍ૹွᐛ࿨ዌۖ᎘षᄎ࿨ዌΔ،ऱኙ֫Δ֮

֏سข࠷உঞإړઌ֘Ζ੡Ա၌။ൕփ୲խ༈ބ֮ءፖषᄎၴᣂএऱ֘ਠᓵΔ֮

֏سข࠷உൕ؆ຝᨠរנ࿇Δൎᓳषᄎ׈੺խ۩೯ृढᔆᇷᄭऱދԵኙ֮֏Ꮖ഑

ࢬขسऱᐙ᥼Ζ܀റࣹ࣍ढᔆᇷᄭऱሎ܂հ塒Δ،থ࢙ฃԱ֮֏ข঴ऱփຝ᧤ᙀ ءߪࢬױ౨ທګऱᐙ᥼ԺΖ֮ᖂᏆ഑խऱ۩೯ृឈྥؘྥ૞ٛᘸढᔆᇷᄭ܂੡ࠡ

۩೯ऱࠉᖕΔ܀ڇڼٵழ֮ᖂ੺փຝՈڶ۞ߪऱሎ܂ऄঞڇኙࠡխ۩೯ृ࿇ཀ܂

شΔۖຍᑌऱሎ܂ऄঞঞৰᣄऴ൷ൕ֮ᖂऱسขᛩቼፖسขයٙװං۷ࢨਢᇞ

ᤩΖຍࠄփڇ᧤ᙀڕ۶ݮګΕڕ۶܂ش࣍۩೯ृߪՂᐙ᥼ࠡ۩੡Δԯ֮۟࣍ᖂ੺

խ۩೯ृڕ۶ૹᄅૡࡳሏᚭ๵ঞ࿛Δຟਢ֮֏سข࠷உࢬآ౨ݔ࿳๠෻ऱΖ࣍

ਢΔຍࠟጟઔߒ࠷உឈྥٺ۞๠෻Ա֮ᖂᏆ഑խऱຝ։෼ኔΔ܀থՈٵழ֘ਠԱ

֮ᖂषᄎᖂઔߒխΔփຝᨠរፖ؆ຝᨠរၴऱࠟᣄΖ੡ԱٵழঅఎփΕ؆ຝᨠរ ऱಥ᣸ΔٵழথԾᝩ܍،ଚٺ۞ऱംᠲΔڇאՀऱઔߒխΔݺലᇢቹଫආຍࠟጟ ઔߒ࠷உΖྥۖΔຍࠟጟ࠷உྤᓵ༉ᨠኘऱᆖ᧭෼ွࢨਢᇞᤩऱֱڤઃױᎅਢಾ

ᔴઌኙΚ֮֏سข࠷உ૞ڕ۶թ౨ജᨃൎᓳढᔆᇷᄭ೯୉ऱ։࣫ፖ֮ء௽ࢤઌյ ຑ࿨Λψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωԾڕ۶թ౨ᨃွᐛ࿨ዌऱ։࣫౨ജல֗ွᐛ࿨ዌ᧢ᔢऱ

଺ڂא֗ڇࠡխ۩೯ृࢬފዝऱߡۥΛ੡Ա૞ڇઔߒխ౨టإ᥽֗ࠟृΔ່৵ݺ

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ঞല֧տؒ᎒૭֕א֗ࠡൕᣂএᓵၲ୶ऱ֮ᖂषᄎᖂ࠷உΖ

ؒ᎒૭֕ऱ֮ᖂषᄎᖂ

ڇՂ૪ಘᓵխΔݺଚ່ึ઎ߠԱڇ֮ᖂΰ֮֏αषᄎᖂխΔփຝᨠរፖ؆ຝ ᨠរհၴऱࠟᣄኙمΖຍࠟጟᨠរԫֱ૿յઌඈ؞Δ׼ԫֱ૿থԾპݎऱյઌᇖ ߩΔ࣍ਢߒຶ૞ආشୌԫጟᨠរթޓڶױ౨઎ߠ֮ᖂЯ֮֏Ꮖ഑ऱ٤ᎎΔԾࢨृ

૞ڕ۶ጵᘜຍࠟጟᨠរΔঁګԱ֮ᖂषᄎᖂԯ֮۟࣍֏षᄎᖂխΔԫଡઌ਍լՀ ऱംᠲΖ

ۖ૿ኙຍᑌऱࠟᣄΔؒ᎒૭֕ऱ෻ᓵࢨ๺ױא੡ݺଚ൅ࠐඔ࿇ΖԫऴאࠐΔ

ؒ᎒૭֕ऱ෻ᓵՠ܂ຟીԺ࣍ᓳࡉ؆ຝᨠរЯփຝᨠរΔࢨਢഄढᓵΰڼൄ๯ش אݮ୲֮֏سข࠷உαЯᨠ࢚ᓵΰڼঞൄီ੡ਢψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωऱᅕชαհၴ

ऱԲցኙم(Bourdieu and Wacquant 1998)ΖڇπኔᔌტρխΔהঁൕኙ෼ွᖂፖ

࿨ዌ׌ᆠຍิԲցኙمऱޅܒנ࿇Δൎᓳኙषᄎس੒ऱ෻ᇞլ౨ൕ໢ൕ׌ᨠ׌ᆠ Яփຝᨠរऱߡ৫ࢨড়ᨠ׌ᆠЯ؆ຝᨠរऱߡ৫נ࿇Δڂ੡षᄎ෼ွءࠐ༉ץܶ

ຍࠟጟլٵ૿ٻΔ׊ຍࠟጟլٵ૿ٻຟਢषᄎᖂࢬ૞ઔߒऱૹរΚψޗ཮ᏢѸ໪

Եቾډ࠼ᢀ٩ߕܭޗ཮౜ຝޑٿᅿ੝፦Ǻ΋Бय़ࢂႽނ౛ШࣚޑҺՖ٣ނٗኬё аीኧکࡋໆޑނ፦੝፦ǹќ΋Бय़ࢂຝቻ੝፦ωΰؒ᎒૭֕ 2003:216αΖ

ۖؒ᎒૭֕ೈԱڇषᄎᖂ෻ᓵՂᇢቹ၌။؆ຝᨠរЯփຝᨠរΔࢨਢഄढᓵ Яᨠ࢚ᓵ࿛壆ጟԲցኙمΔהՈᗨᄕऱشኔᢞઔߒࠐᢞࣔ၌။ຍᑌऱኙمਢױ౨ ऱΖᜰՅהऱπDistinctionρΕπᖂ๬Գρࢨਢπഏ୮ဍ૎ρ࿛ຟਢאڼ੡נ࿇រ ࢬ೚נऱኔᢞઔߒΖۖឈྥ๺ڍԳڂ੡Ղ૪ထ܂ۖီࠡ੡ඒߛषᄎᖂ୮ࢨਢᣂࣹ

ၸ్ംᠲऱषᄎᖂृΔ܀הࠡኔኙ֮࣍ᖂषᄎᖂፖᢌ๬षᄎᖂՈڶઌᅝऱ৬ᖫΖ ڇຍֱ૿ؒ᎒૭່֕ࠠז।ࢤऱ܂঴ܛ੡πᢌ๬ऱऄঞρ(Bourdieu 1996)Ζڇຍ ຝ܂঴խΔؒ᎒૭֕ಘᓵԱԼ԰׈ધऱऄഏ֮ᖂ໱഑ऱݮګΕ௽௘᧤ᙀፖሎ܂ֱ

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ڤΖה٣༴૪Աڇຍଡழזऱऄഏ֮ᖂ໱഑Δڕ۶ڂ੡၆ගᐙ᥼ԺऱՀ૾Εޥᚊ א֗໴౐࿛ᖲዌऱנ෼Ε֮֏ขᄐऱᘉ࿾࿛ᐙ᥼Δዬዬᛧ൓Աઌኙ۞׌ࢤΖ൷ထ ٦༴૪ۖطڼขسऱࠠઌኙ۞׌ࢤऱ֮ᖂ໱഑ڶୌࠄ௽ڶऱփຝ᧤ᙀΔຍࠄ௽ڶ ऱሎ܂᧤ᙀԾڕ۶ᐙ᥼֮ᖂ໱഑ऱሎ܂ֱڤΖଈ٣Δڂ੡ࠡፖᇷขၸ్ᢌ๬ࡉྤ

ขၸ్ᢌ๬ઌެါΔࢬאຍࠄᢌ๬୮ࢴ࿪ؑ໱Δ࡚۩ԫ୚ᢌ๬Ꮭଖፖ೸ᄐᏝଖյ ઌச֘ऱ௽௘᧤ᙀΔࠀڂۖኙլٵऱ֮ᖂ᧯ဪ——ᇣΕ՛ᎅΕᚭᏣ——ࠉࠡ࠹ؑ

໱ᦟ०ऱ࿓৫ۖڶထլٵऱᢌ๬ေᏝΖ٦ृΔຍጟലؑ໱ፖᢌ๬ઌኙمऱ᧤ᙀՈ

ၞԫޡᨃઌյ೐ञګ੡֮ᖂ໱഑ऱഗءሎ܂ֱڤΖᙟထ଺٣ࢴ؞ؑ໱ऱ٣ᔴ੔ᢌ

๬୮Яᢌ๬ݮڤዬዬऱ๯Օฒࢬ൷࠹Δࠀ׊ၲࡨᛧ൓ؑ໱ऱ्ࡳΔᄅၞऱᢌ๬୮ Яᢌ๬ݮڤঁലছृီ੡ᖑࣄؑ໱ऱψঅښ੔ωΔٻࠡ༼נ଀ࡎፖਗᖏऱ૞ޣΔ ຍࠄψঅښ੔ωঞ೯شٺᑌڂࠡچۯۖ۾ڶऱᇷᄭࠐፂᢀ۞աऱᜢඨΔ֮ᖂ໱഑

ڂۖ๠࣍ةྤַᄢऱ଀ࡎፖ೐ञणउΔؒ᎒૭֕ਢຍᑌ༴૪ᅝழऱ֮ᖂ໱഑ऱΚ ψךॺ܌ೀ౛ޑ೭ঁޜ໔Ǵ୷ҁ΢ࢂԽܺܭբҔΚᆶϸբҔΚǴ܈ࢂ଺բᆶ୔ᒣ Ȑऩाೀ౛ډཀӛک܄ӛޑୢᚒޑ၉ȑǾᆢᛠޣᆶᖭᒄޣϐ໔ޑჹҥӧ൑ୱޑϣ

೽೷ԋΑᆙ஭Ǵ൩ႽӧᖻາύԖΓᅰΚຬຫдॺޑჹЋԶځдΓ߾ᗉխ೏ຬၸ΋

ኬωΰؒ᎒૭֕ 2001:156-157αΖՈ༉ਢڂ੡ຍᑌլឰऱᤁञΔ੡֮ᖂ໱഑խ਍

ᥛլឰऱ壆ጟ᧢೯༼ࠎԱ೯ԺΖ

ڇಘᓵ֮ᖂ໱഑אᤁञ੡׌ၗऱሎ܂ֱڤழΔؒ᎒૭֕ٵழ๠෻Աढᔆᐋڻ ऱ೐ञፖွᐛᐋڻऱψွᐛ೐ञΰsymbolic struggleαωΖؒ᎒૭֕ऱᒔڇಘᓵխ

੡ढᔆᐋڻऱ೐ञఎՀ़ၴΔቝהᄎ༼֗۩೯ृڇسข़ၴᄎञઌჿኆ௽ࡳۯ ᆜ——壆ڕ໴ष׌࿝ࢨਢנठᖲዌऱ៭ۯ——ຍࠄ௽ࡳऱۯᆜࠌ൓הଚ൓אࠆ ڶֺለՕऱढᔆܓ墿ࢨᦞԺΔ܀ਢط࣍הൎᓳ֮֏໱഑ऱሎ܂ᄎڶԫ୚ઌኙᗑم

࣍ढᔆᇷᄭऱ᧤ᙀΔ֮ᖂ໱഑խऱ۩೯ृ܂੡ຍࠄ᧤ᙀፖᏝଖऱࢭሉृΔࠡՈᄎ ڇွᐛᐋڻՂઌյ೐ञΖ

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۶ᘯွᐛ೐ञࡋΛွᐛ೐ञਐऱਢ۩೯ृኙࠡࢬߪ๠ऱ໱഑խऱ௽ࡳွᐛ ᇷءऱᤁດΔࠏڕ֮ᕽխٵ۩ऱ्ࡳԯ۟࣍ዊᤌ࿛Ζຍࠄຟࠀॺਢढᔆࢤऱሟ

໴ΔࠡᤁດऱֱڤՈڍתլਢຘመढᔆᇷᄭऱሎشΔڂۖڇ֮֏سข࠷உऱ։࣫

խΔືڍ۾ᖕထᢰᒴࢤऱچۯΖۖຍᑌऱွᐛ೐ञڕ۶ၞ۩Λڇπᢌ๬ऱऄঞρ խݺଚױא઎ߠΔڇ֮ᖂ໱഑խऱွᐛ೐ञऱ׌૞ֱڤΔਢ༼נ܂঴ࢨृਢᓵ ᖏΔאڼ໑൓֮ᕽ्ࡳࢨਢޏ᧢ਝڶऱ֮ᕽ܂঴ေᏝᑑᄷΖۖط࣍ؒ᎒૭֕ኙ࣍

փຝ᧤ᙀऱൎᓳΔࠌ൓הࣹრࠩྤᓵਢ܂঴ࢨਢᓵᖏΔຟؘႊ૞ڶԫଡઌᅝૹ૞

ऱ೶ᅃរΔ༉ਢԫ୚ਝڶऱ܂঴़ၴ——ط෼ژऱࢬڶ֮ᖂ܂঴ࡉ෻ᓵࢬዌګΔ ຍࠄ܂঴طࠡڇᅝছऱေᏝ೏܅אᅝছऱੌ੔ូᣊ़ۖၴࢤऱ։܉Ζբ৬مᜢඨ ऱᢌ๬୮֗ࠡ॰ஈٞቹຘመኙ෼Հ܂঴़ၴࢬࢭᎁऱᆖࠢΔࠐፂᥨࠡ܂঴ݮڤࢬ

ࠠڶऱွᐛᇷءΔۖᇢቹਗᖏছृऱฆጤࢨᄅၞᢌ๬୮ঞᄎڇ܂঴ࢨਢᓵᖏխᔆ ጊ෼ڶᆖࠢऱچۯΔࠀག֧ਝژথچۯլ೏ऱฆጤ܂঴܂੡ࠡࢬ္壆ऱႚอΖڇ ຍᑌ೐ञऱመ࿓խΔ܂঴़ၴԫֱ૿ਢ೐ञऱࠉᖕΔ׼ԫֱ૿Δ܂঴़ၴՈڶױ ౨ڂ੡೐ञۖ࿇سޏ᧢ΚေᏝૹᄅᓳᖞΔޢຝ܂঴ࢬ᥆ऱੌ੔ૹᄅࡳۯ࿛࿛Δڇ

֮ᖂ໱഑խ઎ࠩऱ֮ᖂ܂঴ေᏝऱ᧢֏Εਬࠄ܂঴Я஼ᐊृ࢙ྥ᧢ګ֮ᖂ܂঴Я

֮ᖂ୮࿛Δຏൄຟਢွᐛ೐ञհՀऱขढΖ

ຍᑌ઎ՀࠐΔွᐛ೐ञݯ࢕׽෰೯֮ࠩᕽխԳڕ۶ေᏝਬԫੌ੔ऱ܂঴א֗

ਬԫࠄೄᛜऱ܂ृΔۖࠀլᄎኙढᔆᐋڻ࿇سᐙ᥼Ζ܀ਢؒ᎒૭֕ڇπᢌ๬ऱऄ ঞρխΔথਐנွᐛ೐ञՈᄎፖढᔆᇷᄭऱ೯شፖੌຏઌյ෰ຑΖڂ੡֮ᕽऱေ

Ꮭࠩᙰࠐᝫਢᄎፖؑ໱֘ᚨઌຑ࿨Δԫຝ܂঴ૉڇ֮ᕽՂᛧ൓ᆖࠢऱچۯΔࠡຏ

ൄՈᄎڇؑ໱।෼խګ੡९ᔭ஼Δൕ९ཚࠐ઎ਢᄎਐٻઌᅝՕऱᆖᛎܓ墿ऱΖ׼

ԫֱ૿Δڇ֮ᖂ໱഑խΔ݄ᖑ֮ᕽዊᥩऱ۩೯ृՈֺࠡה۩೯ृޓڶױ౨ڇढᔆ ᐋڻऱᤁञխᛧ൓ᚌႨΔՈ༉ਢהଚᄎޓڶױ౨ᛧ൓वټנठषΕᠧ፾׌ᒳ࿛ۯ

೏ᦞૹऱۯᆜΖ֘መࠐᎅΔڇढᔆᐋڻխऱ೐ञՈ౨ڇԫࡳ࿓৫ՀՈᄎᐙ᥼ွᐛ

೐ञΔࠏڕૉ۩೯ृڇ֮ᖂิ៣——ڕ໴षΕנठष——խ۾ᖕԱᐉுΕጥ൳܂

(35)

঴ऱۯᆜΰܛ֮֏سข๬፿խऱښ॰ԳαΔהঁ౨ജᨃ،ࢬᢥٵऱ܂঴ࢨᓵᖏڶ ޓڍऱ࿇ᜢጥሐΔፖהኙمೄᛜऱ܂঴ࡉᓵᖏઌݮհՀঞޓ୲࣐ࡹࡺ٭ႨΖ

່৵Δؒ᎒૭֕Ոڇຍຝ܂঴խΔሎشክ฾ΰhabitusαऱᄗ࢚Δ੡۩೯ृऱ ૹ૞ࢤఎՀԫஂհچΖԫֱ૿Δ֮ᖂ໱഑ऱ௽ࡳ᧤ᙀᐙ᥼Ա೶ፖࠡխऱ۩೯ृऱ ክ฾Δࠌհኙ࣍Ղ૪֮ᖂ໱഑ऱ௽ࡳ᧤ᙀࡺհլጊΔ׼ԫֱ૿۩೯ृڇࠡګ९መ

࿓խࢬݮګऱክ฾ΔՈᐙ᥼Աהڇ֮ᖂ໱഑խࢬႜٻ۾ᖕऱۯᆜΔࠀٵழᐙ᥼Ա הڇຍᑌऱۯᆜխࢬױ౨ڶऱ।෼Ζ

ڇאՂऱڃ᥽խΔݺଚଈ٣ױאൕؒ᎒૭֕ڕ۶ᓫᓵԼ԰׈ધऄഏ֮ᖂ໱഑

ऱݮګΔ઎ߠהਢڕ۶ڇଫ᥽փຝᨠរፖ؆ຝᨠរऱൣउՀΔၞ۩֮ᖂषᄎᖂऱ ኔᢞઔߒΖᅝؒ᎒૭֕ڇ༴૪ऄഏ֮ᖂ໱഑ऱݮګழΔהᄎ٣ൕઌᣂऱषᄎයٙ

խ༈ބ೯Ժΰ၆ගኙᢌ๬୮֭಻ԺऱՀ૾Εאؑا੡ഗ៕ऱᄅᢌ๬ؑ໱ऱנ

෼…αΔۖࠀॺቝψ֮֏ऱषᄎᖂωԫ౳Δᇢቹൕွᐛ࿨ዌփຝ༈ބޏ᧢ऱ೯ԺΖ

༉ຍរۖߢΔؒ᎒૭֕ᄎፖൎᓳ؆ຝᨠរऱ֮֏سข࠷உઌᣊۿ16Δ৵ृՈᄎല

ྡྷ រ ႃ խ ڇ ֮ ֏ س ข ऱ ؆ ຝ ᛩ ቼ Δ ቝ DiMaggio ڇ 1982 ڣ ऱ ”Cultural Entrepreneurship in Nineteenth Century Boston: The Creation of an Organizational Basis for High Culture in America”Δঁലਬԫᣊ֮֏Ꮖ഑ΰंՓቅભ๬塢ፖٌ᥼

ᑗቸαऱݮګፖ᡹ࡳፖ௽ࡳऱषᄎᓢડΰंՓቅ៱ڶဍ૎ၸᐋፖᄅฝاαຑ࿨ڇ ԫದΖ܀ؒ᎒૭֕ፖ֮֏سข࠷உᝫਢڶ۟ᣂૹՕऱ஁ฆհ๠Δڂ੡ؒ᎒૭֕ԫ

ֱ૿ࢭᎁԱԫଡ֮֏໱഑ऱݮګΔؘྥᏁ૞ઌᣂऱषᄎයٙףא֭ᐶࠌࠡګ੡ױ ౨Δ܀׼؆ԫֱ૿הՈࣹრ֮ࠩ֏໱഑խൄᄎڶԫ୚ઌኙᗑم࣍षᄎයٙऱփຝ

᧤ᙀΔۖຍԫ୚փຝ᧤ᙀڇઌᅝ࿓৫Ղᐙ᥼ԯ۟࣍ެࡳԱ֮֏໱഑ऱሎ܂ֱֱڤ א֗փຝ᧢֏Ζ

16ࠃኔՂΔ֮֏سข࠷உՈലؒ᎒૭֕ቤូ੡֮֏سข࠷உऱԫ୉Δࢨृ۟֟ਢ֮֏سข࠷உऱ ૹ૞ᐙ᥼ᄭᙰ(ߠ DiMaggio 2000; Peterson 1976; Santoro 2008)Ζ

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