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Studies on Applications of Rapeseed Oil and Protein in Mainland China 王蕙俐、張耀南 ; 曾耀銘

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Studies on Applications of Rapeseed Oil and Protein in Mainland China 王蕙俐、張耀南 ; 曾耀銘

E-mail: 9125254@mail.dyu.edu.tw

ABSTRACT

In 1996, the total population of Mainland China was 1.2176 billion, around 21% global population, while it ranked the top one of the population in the world. Since there is huge land area (9.6 million km2 square, around 7% world’s total land area), broad agricultural area, good natural fertile resource, and cheep labor cost in Mainland China, the rapeseed production of China still ranks the top one in the world. The high quality of oil (~45%) and protein (~35%) in rapeseed is proposed to become very important and valuable in the new applications of food. Unfortunately, the applications of rapeseed protein are inhibited by the presence of the toxic by-products-glucosinolates produced from the enzyme (myrosinase) hydrolysis or solvent extraction of rapeseed meals.

Nevertheless, how to reduce or to remove the poisonous glucosinolates in rapeseed protein or oil processing is necessary to create in the food utilization and applications. In order to further improve and stimulate the food utilization and applications of feeding or edible proteins and functional oils from rapeseed, it is worth developing the economical processing of rapeseed oil and protein extraction with reducing or removing the poisonous by-products in future. Finally, this technical report is expected to be useful and valuable reference for those who are engaged in rapeseed oil and protein.

Keywords : repeseed ; protein ; glucosinolate ; meals ; myrosinase

Table of Contents

目 錄 頁次 封面內頁 簽名頁 博碩士論文授權書 iii 中文摘要 iv 英文摘要 v 致謝 vi 目錄 vii 圖目錄 viii 表目錄 ix 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2.1 油菜籽簡介 5 2.2 油菜分類 8 2.3 中國大陸油菜革命 11 2.3.1 華黃一號(甘藍型黃籽油菜單株) 11 2.3.2 渝黃一號(甘藍型黃籽雜交油菜) 12 2.4 油菜籽與黃豆比較 14 2.5 大陸市場分析 21 2.5.1 種植面積 21 2.5.2 產量分析 22 2.6 經濟效益評估 25 2.7 油菜籽之成分價值 28 2.7.1 色素物質 29 2.7.2 徵量成分 29 2.7.3 不利營養特殊成分 30 2.8 應用 31 第三章 材料與方法 33 3.1 採油方法 33 3.2 粗脂肪之測定 33 3.3 粗蛋白之定量 36 3.4 簡易鑒定油菜籽芥酸含量 39 3.5 去毒法 42 3.5.1 抑制內生性芥子酵素活性 43 3.5.2 破壞硫代葡糖甘及其水解產物 44 第四章 結論與展望 45 4.1 實驗結果 45 4.2 討論 45 第五章 未來發展 49 5.1 油菜籽油 49 5.2 油菜籽 49 5.3 大陸市場 50 5.4 農業國際化 51 5.5 遠景 51 參考文獻………

……… 53 圖 目 錄 頁次 圖1.1 世界主要油菜籽產國之年產量比例 3 圖1.2 世界主要蛋白質 之年產量比例 4 圖3.1 一般植物油的提製工程 34 圖3.2 大豆以外之油籽的壓搾系統圖 35 圖3.3 油菜籽總芥酸含量分析方法 41 圖4.1 油菜籽之蛋白、芥酸、單寧萃取率與pH值關係圖 46 表 目 錄 頁次 表2.1 主要油菜籽生產國產量 6 表2.2 1940?1965 期間AOCS的高芥酸菜籽油的標準 10 表2.3 油菜籽油與黃豆油之含油率及製取方式之比較表 15 表2.4 油菜籽油與黃生油性 狀比較表 16 表2.5 油菜籽與黃生之纖維含量 17 表2.6 油菜籽與黃生之蛋白質組成分 18 表2.7 油菜籽油與黃生油之脂肪和膽 固醇成份比例表 19 表2.8 重要油籽之油脂與蛋白質含量,以及油脂與蛋白質部份可得收益估計 26

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