Unit 9

Unit 9

Sweden : the World’s First Oil-Free Country?

瑞典：世界上第一個沒有使用石油的國家嗎?

課 文

Oil : We all know that using it causes pollution and global warming, but at the same time, we can’t do without it.

油：我們都知道石油會導致汙染和全球暖化，然而我們沒有 它又不行

Or can we? The Swedish government thinks so – it has plans to make Sweden the world’s first oil-free country by the year 2020.

或者沒有它可以嗎?瑞典政府是怎麼認為的，它有計劃 2020 年之前瑞典成為第一個無石油的國家

This is good news for the environment and it is also a wise move, as the world may soon run out of oil ! But how does it plan to do this?

這對環境是個好消息，而且它是個聰明的措施，世界可能很

快不久會將石油用完。瑞典政府是如何計畫這件事情呢

Sweden has a good record for protecting the environment and already uses less oil,

compared with most other countries.

瑞典有保護環境的好記錄，而且跟大部分的家相比，比較使 用很少的油了

For years, the Swedish government has almost all homes in the country are now heated using geothermal energy.

有好幾年的時間，瑞典政府鼓勵人民買雙動力的汽車，而在 這個國家的家庭用地熱發熱

Now it hopes to reduce oil use even more and has been looking for ways to do this.

現在它希望減少更多油的使用，而且已經尋找方法來做這件 事情

Scientists in Sweden are developing biofuels and Swedish car companies like Volvo are working on cars that will use these oil-free fuels.

瑞典科學家正在開發生質燃料，而且瑞典汽車公司像 Volvo 將使用無汽油燃料的汽車

The government is also looking for more ways to use the energy from the sun, wind, and

waves.

政府也在看更多的方法，來自太陽、風和海浪的能量

Sweden is not the only country preparing for an oil-free future. The governments of Iceland and Brazil, for example, both have similar plans.

瑞典並不是準備未來無石油的國家。例如：冰島、巴西兩個 政府，都有類似的計劃

As global warming gets worse and the world’s oil supplies slowly run out, one can only hope that more countries do the same!

正當全球暖化更惡化，以及石油供給慢慢的被用完的時候，

任何人只能希望更多國家做相同的事情

Vocabulary 單 字

Swedish adj. 瑞典的

Many people in Sweden have blond hair.

在瑞典有許多人有金黃色的頭髮。

2. cause v. 導致、引起

What caused the car crash?

導致這場車禍的原因是什麼？

3. pollution n. 汙染

The factory causes a lot of air pollution.

這家工廠造成大量的空氣污染。

4. government n. 政府

She had a career in local government.

她在當地的政府有個職位。

5. record n. 紀錄、記載

That judge has a record of being tough on criminals.

該法官有嚴懲罪犯的紀錄。

6. protect v. 保護、防護

This law will protect children from bad people.

這項法律將保護兒童免遭壞人欺負。

7. encourage v. 鼓勵、支持

My mother gives us money to encourage us to do well in school.

我的母親給我們錢，鼓勵我們在學校做好的事。

8. hybrid adj. 混合而成的

Jack‘s hybrid car doesn’t use much gas.

傑克的混合動力汽車並沒有使用多少天然氣。

9. geothermal adj. 地熱的

Hot springs are a source of geothermal energy.

溫泉是地熱能量的來源。

10. energy n. 能量、能源

We use too much energy to heat our house in the winter.

冬天我們使用太多的能量來加熱我們的房子。

11. reduce v. 減少、降低

I‘m trying to reduce the amount of sugar I eat.

我嘗試降低我所吃的糖量。

12. develop v. 開發、發展

The scientists developed a new way to treat

that disease.

科學家開發出一種新的方法來治療這種疾病。

13. biofuel n. 生質燃料、可再生能源

Biofuel is made from things that come from the Earth.

生物燃料是由地球上的東西所製成。

14. wave n. 波、波浪

Look at the surfer riding that big wave.

看看那位在大波浪上的衝浪手。

15. similar adj. 相像的、類似的

Why did you buy that dress？It‘s similar to the one you already have.

為什麼你要買那件洋裝？它跟你已經擁有的那件類似。

Phrases 片 語

1. oil-free 無油的

Sweden will become the first oil-free country in the world.

瑞典將成為世界上第一個無油的國家。

2. at the same time 然而、同時

= at the same instant

He may be very rude sometimes，but at the same time he very kind.

他有時候可能很粗魯，但同時他是很善良的。

3. do without 放棄、不用

= forego = get along without We can’t do without water.

我們(生活)離不開水。

4. run out (of) 耗盡、用完

= be used up，finished，or exhausted

On my way to Tainan yesterday，I ran out of gas.

昨天在我去台南的路上，我用完所有汽油。

5. look for 尋找

= search for

I have spent two hours looking for my lost bicycle.

我花了兩個小時尋找我遺失的腳踏車。

文 法

重點一 與現在事實相反的假設語氣

從屬子句 主要子句

Note If+ S. + were……

過去式 V.

S. + would/should +原形 V.

could/might +原形 V.

1. If I were you, I would tell the truth.

Example

2. If he had money, he could buy it.

重點二 與過去事實相反的假設語氣

從屬子句 主要子句

If + S. +had+P.P. S. +would/should+have P.P.

Note

could/might + have P.P.

1. If I had had enough time, I would have gone with you.

Example 2. If he hadn't lost the money, he could have bought a bicycle.

重點三 If 引導的句子也可以表示未來可能發生的事

從屬子句 主要子句

If+ S. + 現在式 V. (1). S. +will (can, may)+ 原形 V.

Note

(2). 祈使句(以原形 V.為首) 1. If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home.

Example

2. If you take off your jacket, you will catch a cold.

重點四 Should 表萬一的假設法

從屬子句 主要子句

Note If + S. + should + 原 V.

S. + will (should) +原 V.

1. If I should fail, I will ( or would ) + 原 V.

Example

2. If it should rain tomorrow, the picnic will be cancelled.

重點五 省略If 的倒裝寫法

(1).Were + S. + Adj./N. …, S.+ would +原 V.

(2). Should + S. + 原 V. …, S. + would +原 V.

Note

(3). Had + S. + P.P. …, S. + would + have+ P.P.

1. If I were young, I would learn to ski.

= Were I young, I would learn to ski.

Example

2. If I had been there, I would have helped you.

= Had I been there, I would have helped you.

3. If it should rain, they would not come.

= Should it rain, they would not come.

重點六 表但願的假設法

(1). I wish (that) S. + were/ V-ed →與現在事實相反 Note

(2). I wish (that) S. + had + P.P. →與過去事實相反 1. I wish I were a millionaire.

2. I wish I could speak English fluently.

3. I wish I had been in France last year.

Example

4. I wish I had studied English well in my youth.

重點七 表好像的假設法

(1). S. + V. + as if + S. + were/V-ed →與現在事實相反 Note

(2). S. + V. + as if + S. + had + P.P. →與過去事實相反 1. The child talks as if he were a man.

Example

2. He talks as if he had known the news yesterday.

例句

A 1 If it ___ tomorrow, we won't go to the Palace.

(A) rains (B) rained (C) will rain (D) shall rain D 2 But for air, we ___ live.

(A) can (B) can not (C) could (D) could not D 3 ___I not so busy, I would do it.

(A)If (B) Was (C) Are (D) Were D 4 If only I ___ to ski then.

(A) learn (B) learned (C) have learned (D) had learned C 5 ___ I you, I would not think so.

(A) If (B) Am (C) Were (D) Had