汽油引擎噴油控制器設計與製作之研究 林冠宇、張一屏
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
本研究之主旨為建立汽油引擎噴油控制器設計與製作，運用物件導向程式，針對汽油引擎噴油控制系統，建立動態模擬技 術與控制參數設定評估系統性能之圖控程式。並使用模糊邏輯噴油控制器模型，修正噴油量以保持空燃比維持在設定之目 標值。 本研究將針對一汽油引擎進行噴油控制器開發，模擬控制汽油引擎之噴油量，使其空燃比不因負載與轉速改變，維 持在設定之空燃比附近，以降低油耗與排放之廢氣污染。另以適當模糊邏輯控制器，依據含氧感知器所輸出之排氣中含氧 濃度或狀態變數加以修正，以構成一閉迴路系統之回饋控制。 利用所建立之汽油引擎空燃比預測模型，配合控制器之環境 中，修改模糊邏輯控制器之參數，達到所需的性能，再將控制器利用硬體實現，搭配汽油引擎使用。在定轉速、三種不同 的節氣門開度下測試，其模擬與實際硬體輸出之空燃比能控制在合理的誤差範圍內，燃油噴射量降低5%~15%，且引擎輸 出扭力不因空燃比變化而下降。 本研究所建立的引擎空燃比預測模型，於開發汽油引擎噴油控制器時，可將所需參數設定 後輸入模型中執行，產生一組適合的噴油策略，快速將噴油控制器成型，使相關研究人員縮短研發時間與成本。
關鍵詞 : 汽油引擎噴油控制 ; 模糊邏輯控制器 ; 空燃比控制 目錄
博碩士論文電子檔案上網授權書... iii 博碩士論文授權書... iv 中文摘要... v 英文摘要... vi 誌謝... viii 目錄... ix 圖目
錄... xi 表目錄... xvi 符號說明... xvii 第一章 緒
論... 1 1.1前言... 1 1.2文獻回顧... 2 1.2.1引擎性能評估模擬及 硬體迴路模擬之應用... 2 1.2.2汽油引擎之空燃比控制... 5 1.2.3引擎管理系統及嵌入式控制器之探討... 9 1.3研究動機... 11 1.4本文架構... 12 第二章 研究方法... 13 2.1汽油引 擎燃料噴射系統概要... 13 2.1.1 空燃比與引擎性能之關係... 13 2.1.2 電子控制燃料噴射式汽油引
擎... 15 2.2 燃油量之計算... 18 2.2.1 基本噴射時間之決定... 19 2.2.2 引擎相關之油量修 正... 20 2.3 建立汽油引擎空燃比模擬之模型... 23 2.3.1引擎之動態模式... 24 2.3.2 噴油控 制器之設計... 31 2.4 實驗設計法... 38 2.5 四行程汽油引擎空燃比控制之相關實驗設備... 39 第三章 汽油引擎噴油訊號模擬與控制器硬體系統... 46 3.1 汽油引擎模糊邏輯控制器... 46 3.2 汽油引擎噴油控制 器... 65 第四章 結果與討論... 68 4.1 引擎模型及硬體空燃比驗證... 68 4.2 引擎油耗驗 證... 76 4.3 引擎輸出扭力驗證... 82 第五章 結論與建議... 92 5.1結
論... 92 5.2建議事項與未來研究項目... 94 參考文獻... 95 參考文獻
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