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(6%)求 y = x sin−1x +√1 − x2 之導函數 (derivative)

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(1)

微甲統一教學二組95上期末考參考答案 1. (14%) 求極限 (limit) :

(a) lim

x→0

2sin x− 1 ex− 1 Solution:

L’Hˆopital Rule

x→0lim

2sin x−1

ex−1 = lim

x→0

ln 2·2sin x

ex = ln 2.

(b) lim

x→0

Rx2 0

t 1+t3dt x4 Solution:

x→0lim

Rx2 0

t 1+t3dt t4 =lim

x→0

x2 1+x6·2x

4x3 =lim

x→0 2

4(x4+1) =12.

2. (6%)求 y = x sin−1x +1 − x2 之導函數 (derivative)。 Solution:

dy

dx = x

1−x2 + sin−1x +−x

1−x2 = sin−1x.

3. (40%) 求積分 (integral) : (a)

Z e 1

t(ln t)2dt Solution:

Re

1 t(ln t)2dt

= 12Re

1(ln t)2dt2

= 12{t2(ln t)2|e1− 2Re

1 t(ln t)dt}

= e2212Re

1 ln td(t2)

= e2212{t2ln t|e1−Re 1 tdt}

= e22e22 +12(t22|e1)

= e4214.

1

(2)

(b)

Z 2x + 1 (x2+ 1)2dx Solution:

R 2x+1

(x2+1)2dx =R 2x

(x2+1)2dx +R 1

(x2+1)2dx = −(x21+1)+R 1

(x2+1)2dx.

( R 1

(x2+1)2dxx=tan θ= R

sec2θ =R cos2θdθ = R 1+cos 2θ

2

= θ2 + 14sin 2θ = 12tan−1x +12x2x+1 + C

)

= 12tan−1x +12x21+1x21+1 + C.

(c)

Z xdx

√8 − 2x2− x4 Solution:

R xdx

8−2x2−x4 u=x2

= 12R du

8−2u−u2

= 12R √ du

9−(u+1)2

= 12R √d(u+13 ) 1−(u+13 )2

= 12sin−1(u+13 ) + C

= 13sin−1(x23+1) + C.

(d) Z

0

x2e−xdx Solution:

利用 R xne−xdx = −xne−x+ nR xn−1e−xdxR

0 x2e−xdx = lim

a→∞

Ra

0 x2e−xdx

= lim

a→∞(−x2e−x|a0 + 2Ra

0 xe−xdx)

= 2 lim

a→∞

Ra

0 xe−xdx

= 2 lim

a→∞(−e−x|a0 +Ra

0 e−xdx)

= 2 lim

a→∞

Ra 0 e−xdx

= 2 lim

a→∞(−e−x|a0)

= 2 lim

a→∞(−e−a+ 1)

= 2.

2

(3)

4. (10%)

(a) 求兩曲線 r = cos θ 及 r = 1 − cos θ 之所有交點。

Solution:

cos θ = 1 − cos θ ⇒ cos θ = 12 ⇒ θ = ±π3. 故交點 (1

2, ±π3)。 再由圖可知原點為交點。

(b) 求在圓 r = cos θ 之內部, 且在心臟線 (cardioid) r = 1 − cos θ 之外部的區域 面積。

Solution:

A =Rπ3

0 cos2θ − (1 − cos θ)2dθ.

=R π3

0 (2 cos θ − 1)dθ = 2 sin θ − θ|

π 3

0 =√ 3 − π3. 5. (10%) 求曲線 x23 + y23 = 1 之全長。

Solution:

 x = cos3θ

y = sin3θ , θ ∈ [0, 2π]

dx

= −3 cos2θ sin θ.

dy

= 3 sin2θ cos θ.

ds = 3| cos θ sin θ|dθ S = R ds = 4 R0π2 q

(dx)2+ (dy)2

= 12R π2

0 cos θ sin θdθ = 6R π2

0 sin 2θdθ = −3 cos 2θ|

π 2

0 = 3 + 3 = 6

6. (10%) 令 R 為曲線 y = 1 + sin x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π, 之下方及 x-軸 上方的區域。 將 Ry-軸 旋轉所得之旋轉體體積為何?

Solution:

V =R

0 2πx(1 + sin x)dx == 2π(π22 − x cos x sin x|0 ) = 4π2(π − 1)

7. (10%) 解微分方程 (differential equation) :





sec x dy

dx = ey+sin x , x ∈ (−π2,π6).

y(0) = 0 Solution:

R dy

ey =R cos xesin xdx ⇒ −e−y = esin x+ C.

因為 y(0) = 0 , 故 −1 = C + 1 ⇒ C = −2

⇒ −e−y = esin x− 2 ⇒ e−y = −esin x+ 2 ⇒ −y = ln(2 − esin x)

⇒ y = −ln(2 − esin x).

3

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