• 沒有找到結果。

學校與社區關係發展歷程研究:從學校本位課程與社區文化交融經驗分析

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "學校與社區關係發展歷程研究:從學校本位課程與社區文化交融經驗分析"

Copied!
30
0
0

加載中.... (立即查看全文)

全文

(1)
(2)

Forum of Educational Administration

December 2011, Volume 3 Number 2, pp. 89-117

A Study for the Development Process of Relations

between the School and the Community : An

Analysis on Blending Experiences of School-based

Curriculum and Community Culture

Yi-Cheng Lin

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to explore the development process of relations between the school and the community, based on the blending experiences between the school-based curriculum of the case school and the community culture. This study adopted the qualitative method and collected data mainly from interviews with six participants who were school staff and community members. The main findings were as follows: (1) Initially, the case school and the local community were indifferent each other; (2) The principal of the case school led teachers to understand the culture of the local community and offered professional community learning courses in order to have more interactions between the school and the community; (3) Both the teachers and community members pursued the best balance between conflicts and compromises on the development of school-based curriculums; (4) The community culture that integrated into the school-based curriculum increased community awareness and reinforced the sustainability of the curriculum for learning qualities of the students. Finally, this study provides some suggestions for managements of school.

(3)

壹、前言

學校處在全面品質管理的潮流、教育市場化的社會之中,學校不可能是一 個封閉的社會系統;換言之,現今學校為一開放系統的組織(張慶勳,2006), 學校處在社區之中,社區為學校的外在環境,學校組織的外部成員來自社區人 士之子女,其要仰賴學校教育而成長與學習,兩者的關係可說是相當密切。台 灣早期國定課程原本立意良好,但長期實施的結果卻是讓教師教學流於形式與 固化,亦讓教師教學專業能力喪失。教育部(1998)在《國民教育階段課程總綱 綱要》清楚地賦予學校建構課程教材內容的彈性空間,相對地,學校得肩負起 更多的課程決定權責。質言之,在此教育改革潮流中鬆綁理念與權力下放訴求, 實施九年一貫課程,其不僅有後現代解構、去中心化及多元文化觀的取向、且 學校本位課程發展取代國定本教科書上的行動(陳伯璋,2001:6-7)。 原本學校在社區中扮演著精神文化的堡壘,處處以學校為中心,但隨著後 工業時代的來臨,後現代思潮的侵襲之下,社區意識逐漸抬頭,家長對於學校 事務參與度亦漸漸上升;學校的神聖地位不再牢不可破。的確,「學校社區化、 社區學校化」儼然形成現代教育的趨勢與必要性(林明地,2002;單文經,2002; McLaughlin & Talbert, 2001);再者,隨著在地化的意識覺醒與抬頭,各國教育改 革紛紛朝向「放眼全球、在地行動」進行,學校除肩負起學生知識的傳遞之餘, 更重要的是擔負起社區文化的傳承。

(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)

黃政傑(1999)。課程改革課程改革課程改革。台北:漢文。 課程改革 黃義良(2005)。國中小學校行銷指標與行銷運作之研究。師大學報師大學報師大學報師大學報,,,,50(2), 139-158。 黃煌雄、郭石吉、林時機(2001)。社區總體營造總體調查報告書社區總體營造總體調查報告書社區總體營造總體調查報告書社區總體營造總體調查報告書。台北:遠流。 游家政(2002)。國民中學的課程領導。課程與教學季刊課程與教學季刊課程與教學季刊課程與教學季刊,,,,5(2),頁 1-20。 甄曉蘭、鍾靜(2002)。學校本位課程發展相關問題及其相應措施之研究。師大師大師大 師大 學報學報學報學報,,,,47(1),1-16。 歐用生(2004)。校長的課程領導和專業成長。研習資訊雙月刊研習資訊雙月刊研習資訊雙月刊,研習資訊雙月刊,,21(1), ,60- 70。 蔡淸田(2002)。學校整體課程經營學校整體課程經營學校整體課程經營。台北:五南。 學校整體課程經營 蔡清田(2005)。課程領導與學校本位課程發展課程領導與學校本位課程發展課程領導與學校本位課程發展。台北:五南。 課程領導與學校本位課程發展 蔡清田(2007)。學校本位課程發展的再研究。教育研究教育研究教育研究教育研究,,,,154,139-150。 鄧天德(2004)。學校本位課程的運作實務。市師社教學報市師社教學報市師社教學報,市師社教學報,,,3,17-38。 錢富美(2002)。影響國小教師參與學校本位課程發展之相關因素研究。社會科社會科社會科 社會科 教育研究教育研究教育研究教育研究,,,,7,61-103。 謝文全(2003)。教育行政學教育行政學教育行政學。台北:高等教育。 教育行政學 魏惠娟(2006)。台灣地區學校行銷研究評析及其對學校行銷策略規劃的啟示: 1984-2004。教育政策論壇教育政策論壇教育政策論壇教育政策論壇,,,9(2),131-154。 , 饒見維(1997)。學校本位的教師專業發展活動在我國實踐途徑。載於國立花蓮 師範進修暨推廣部(主編),進修推廣教育的挑戰與展望進修推廣教育的挑戰與展望進修推廣教育的挑戰與展望進修推廣教育的挑戰與展望(頁 77-106)。台 北市:師大書苑。 饒見維(1999)。從九年一貫課程談「學校本位課程發展」與「學校本位教師專 業發展」的同步發展策略。研習資訊雙月刊研習資訊雙月刊研習資訊雙月刊,研習資訊雙月刊,,16(6),13-24。

Carspecken, P. F. (1996). Critical ethnography in educational research. NY: Routledge.

Cutshall, S. (2003). Is smaller better? When it comes to schools, size does matter. Techniques, March, 22-25.

Glatthorn, A. (2000). The principal as curriculum leadership (2th ed). Thousand Oaks,

CA: Cowin Press.

(29)

Washington. D. C.: ASCD.

Henderson, J., & Hawthorne, R. (2000). Transformative curriculum leadership (2th

ed). N.J.: Prentice Hall.

Hoban, G. F. (2002). Teacher learning for educational change. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.

Honig, M.I., Kahne, J., & McLaughlin, M.W. (2001). School-community connections: Strengthening opportunity to learn and opportunity to teach. In V. Richardson (Ed.) History of research on teaching. (4th ed., pp. 998-1028) Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.

McLaughlin, M. W. , & Talbert, J. E. (2001). Community of practices and the work of

high school teaching. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago.

Pinar, W., Reynolds, W., Slattery, P., & Taubman, P. (1995). Understanding curriculum.New York: Peter Lang.

Sathe, V. (1983). Implications of corproate culture: A manager’s guide to action. Organizational Dynamics, 5, 4-23.

Skilbeck, M. (1984). School-Based Curriculum Development. London: Harper & Row, Publishers.

Ruane, J. M. (2005). Essentials of Research Methods. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

(30)

參考文獻

相關文件

•providing different modes of support in learning tasks (e.g.. You are a summer intern in the publicity team of Go Green, a non- governmental organisation committed to

• To enhance teachers’ understanding of the major updates of the English Language Education Key Learning Area under the ongoing renewal of the school curriculum;.. • To

 Literacy Development  Using Storytelling to Develop Students' Interest in Reading - A Resource Package for English Teachers 2015  Teaching Phonics at Primary Level 2017

• e‐Learning Series: Effective Use of Multimodal Materials in Language Arts to Enhance the Learning and Teaching of English at the Junior Secondary Level. Language across

Understanding and inferring information, ideas, feelings and opinions in a range of texts with some degree of complexity, using and integrating a small range of reading

Writing texts to convey information, ideas, personal experiences and opinions on familiar topics with elaboration. Writing texts to convey information, ideas, personal

help students develop the reading skills and strategies necessary for understanding and analysing language use in English texts (e.g. text structures and

• e‐Learning Series: Effective Use of Multimodal Materials in Language Arts to Enhance the Learning and Teaching of English at the Junior Secondary Level. Language across