iPhone -
How iPhone users arrange their application icons? – The effect of
construal level
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106 2
理 ⼼理
iPhone使⽤者如何安排應⽤程式圖⽰︖- 階層構念的影響 汪曼穎博⼠
d s d
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p - Facebook
Line Google+ f Böhmer Krüger (2013) iPhone
Android c (usage)
(relatedness) vde s (construal level theory)
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Abstract
The smart phone desktop is typically filled with a variety of application icons.
Their different colors, lines and shapes dazzled users and is not conducive to effective visual search. Icon arrangement serves to improve search efficiency and reduce cognitive load by helping users direct their attention to the region of the desktop where the target icon is most likely to appear. Böhmer and Krüger (2013) found that iPhone users adopt several desktop arrangement criterions, such as usage and
relatedness or mixed criterions. The construal level theory suggests that people interpret their immediate environment in different ways. Lower construal level thinkers tend to think concretely, focusing on the feasibility and operability of things.
Higher construal level thinkers tend to think abstractly, paying attention to whether they can achieve their desired goals. Variations in construal level may result in different behaviors because of different ways of understanding one’s surroundings (Trope, Liberman, & Wakslak, 2007). Does the user's interpretation of the mobile phone environment in terms of construal level affect the choice of arrangement criterions? Study 1 & 2 collected user’s desktop screenshots and used BIF (Behavior identify form) (Vallacher & Wegner, 1989) to measure user’s tendency in construal level thinking. It was found that lower construal level participants tend to adopt the usage criterion to arrange icons while higher construal level users show no obvious preference. In study 2, participants were additionally interviewed to obtain their subjective interpretations of their icon arrangement. Specific task was also devised to further understand the how criterion difference may affect users’ searching
performance. The result shows that the frequency of use plays essential roles. For frequently used applications, users often adopt location cues to guide their search demonstrating attention guidance from history (Wolfe & Horowitz, 2017). The scheme of icon arrangement plays more important roles when user search for less frequently used application. For example, icons arranged by the usage criterion may help the user think in terms of about frequency of use to direct his attention to the most likely region. In this study, the individual differences in mobile desktop environment are explained by human’s construal level thinking and its relationships with their searching behaviors. These findings contribute to the implementation of the human-centered design for system designers by demonstrating how users’ interaction with the cellphone icons is shaped by users’ mindsets.
Keyword Construal level, Users’ mindset, Smartphone desktop arrangement, Smartphone system interface design
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