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Electrical Magnetic Field Analysis by Using Finite Element Method 盧孝銘、胡永柟

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Electrical Magnetic Field Analysis by Using Finite Element Method 盧孝銘、胡永柟

E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The object of this thesis is to maximize the voltage output of a single phase permanent magnet synchronous generator being composed of a stator with quadruple concentrated coil in series and a permanent magnets rotor with eight-pole. At first step, we select a certain rotor structure/permanent magnetic material configuration, then conduct the magnetic field, magnetic force and torque characteristics analysis to calculate the open-circuit voltage. The 2-D nonlinear magnetostatic finite element method from Maxwell 2D software (Ansoft product) is used for Field analysis. This paper conduct 6 structure /permanent magnetic material configurations analysis covering different combinations of AlNiCo5 、SmCo28、NdFe35 3 materials and radial-magnetizing, nonmagnetic 2 structures. From performance characteristics point of view, NdFe35 is the best, SmCo28 the second, AlNiCo5 the worst in material wise, radial-magnetizing is better then nonmagnetic structure in structure wise. However, the cost and temperature effects should be considered by designer.

Keywords : Finite element method、Field analysis、Permanent magnet synchronous generator、Nonlinear magnetostatic.

Table of Contents

封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書........................iii 中文摘要.............

..........iv 英文摘要.......................v 誌謝............

.............vi 目錄.........................vii 圖目錄........

................ix 表目錄........................xi 第一章 緒論 1.1 研究動機與目的.............. 1 1.2 系統架構與研究步驟............ 2 1.2.1 系統架構.

............. 2 1.2.2 研究步驟.............. 4 1.3 論文內容大綱概述........

..... 4 第二章 有限元素法數值分析 2.1簡介............. ...... 5 2.2 Maxwell模組的原理

......... ... 5 2.3線路方程式.. ..............13 2.4力矩的計算..........

. .....16 第三章 磁效應理論 3.1磁極化與磁導係數 .............17 3.2磁雙極與磁雙極矩 ...

..........19 3.3反磁性與順磁性 ..............22 3.4反強磁性與磁鐵性 ........

.....27 3.5磁伸縮現象 ................29 第四章 永久磁石的材料 4.1 概述........

...........33 4.2 磁性材料用於電路元件的特色........34 4.3 磁性材料的分類........

......36 4.4 磁石的特性曲線..............41 第五章 模擬過程及結果 5.1模型規格的建構 ..

............53 5.2徑向充磁的轉子結構模擬分析 ........56 5.3嵌入非導磁性的轉子結構模擬分析

......59 5.4徑向充磁的轉子結構比較分析 ........63 5.5嵌入非導磁性的轉子結構比較分析 .....

.65 5.6性能討論 .................67 第六章 結論 ....................

.68 參考文獻 .......................69 圖目錄 圖1.1軟體模擬製作流程圖........

....... 3 圖2.1線性材料及非線性材料之能量關係圖........ 8 圖3.1永久磁雙極的排列情形.....

.........22 圖3.2 /N -X 函數曲線..............25 圖4.1磁性體的能量轉換.......

.........35 圖4.2永久磁石的B-H曲線圖.............40 圖4.3磁滯迴線.........

...........42 圖4.4減磁曲線及能量曲線...............43 圖4.5回歸線........

.............43 圖4.6永久磁石的減磁曲線...............45 圖4.7簡易磁路模型...

...............47 圖4.8簡易磁路模型的操作點的變化...........47 圖4.9磁路模型...

.................51 圖4.10 NeFe35磁石之操作點變化情形..........52 圖5.1發電機結構 剖面圖................54 圖5.2定子鐵心B-H 特性曲線圖............55 圖5.3徑向充 磁的轉子結構模型圖............56 圖5.4徑向充磁-鋁鎳鈷磁石的靜態磁場模擬圖......56 圖5.5徑 向充磁-鋁鎳鈷磁石兩磁極的B曲線模擬圖....57 圖5.6徑向充磁-釤鈷磁石的靜態磁場模擬圖.......57 圖5.7徑向充磁-釤鈷磁石兩磁極的B曲線模擬圖.....58 圖5.8徑向充磁-銣鐵磁石的靜態磁場模擬圖......

.58 圖5.9徑向充磁-銣鐵磁石兩磁極的B曲線模擬圖 ....59 圖5.10 嵌入非導磁材料的轉子結構模擬圖......

..59 圖5.11 嵌入非導磁-鋁鎳鈷磁石的靜態磁場模擬圖....60 圖5.12嵌入非導磁-鋁鎳鈷磁石兩磁極的 B曲線模擬 圖..60 圖5.13嵌入非導磁- 釤鈷磁石的靜態磁場模擬圖.....61 圖5.14嵌入非導磁-釤鈷磁石兩磁極的 B曲線模擬

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圖...61 圖5.15嵌入非導磁- 銣鐵磁石的靜態磁場模擬圖.....62 圖5.16嵌入非導磁-銣鐵磁石兩磁極的 B曲線模 擬圖...62 圖5.17徑向充磁-三種磁石的 Energy比較圖.......63 圖5.18徑向充磁-三種磁石的Flux比較圖..

......63 圖5.19徑向充磁-三種磁石的Torque比較圖.......64 圖5.20徑向充磁- 三種磁石的Force比較圖

.......64 圖5.21嵌入非導磁-三種磁石的 Energy比較圖......65 圖5.22嵌入非導磁-三種磁石的Flux比較 圖.......65 圖5.23嵌入非導磁-三種磁石的Torque比較圖......66 圖5.24嵌入非導磁- 三種磁石的Force 比較圖......66 表目錄 表3.1 反強磁性物質之溫度..............28 表3.2 各種磁性材料 與 之值.

..........31 表4.1 各種永久磁石的特性..............33 表4.2 磁性材料的分類及材料..

...........37 表4.3 純鐵磁特性..................37 表4.4 MK系磁石鋼特性....

...........38 表4.5 非磁性合金成分................39 表5.1 發電機的規格表....

............51 表5.2 三種永久磁石的特性..............52 REFERENCES

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參考文獻

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