應用田口法於擠鍛模形狀最佳化設計

(1)

ᔖҢҤοݲܻᔠᗫ዁לޑശٹϽ೩ॎ

֔߸ያ! ೨ྛࢶ

σӣσᏰᐠడώแंـܚ

ᄢ! ौ

ҏМ߽ବᄇᔠᗫߜ឴ࢺଢ଼ᡐלޟኇ៪Մײюശٹޟ዁ڎלޑȂցҢԤ३ϯ શݲپϷݙϚӣЌ৷ȃܦ዁ُЅ໩ُј৷ޟ዁ڎѴלᄇᔠᗫᡐל˕ԃяᗔଽ

࡙ȃएጢቶ࡙ȃ॒೉ȃᔖᡐϷշ˕ޟኇ៪ȂٮЕҢҤοЪϞޢҺߒЅ୤ኵ೩ॎ

پᙏϽ዁ᔣϷݙԩኵЅ໌՗዁ڎלޑശٹӰυЫྥಢӫϷݙȄѪցҢڍಢ዁ڎ

໌՗ᔠᗫᄂᡛȂٮ໌՗ S/N ঄ޟॎᆗШၶȂڏ๖ݎᇄԤ३ϯશϷݙܚுһሳ࣏

ΙमȂᜌ݂ҏМޟПݲڎԤࣺ࿋ޟғጂܒЅ१౪ܒȄӰԪȂоҏंـܚுޟᔠ ᗫᡐל๖ݎᇄ዁ڎלޑശٹ೩ॎഊ৷Ȃ஠џ௰Ѕܻ؁ፒᚕޟႱᗫ዁ڎѴל೩

ॎȂᄇᗫഅ዁ڎώཾᔖԤᄂ፴ޟօઉȄ

ᜰᗤຠȈ ᔠᗫȃ዁ڎלޑശٹϽȃҤοݲȃԤ३ϯશݲȄ

SHAPE OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRUSION FORGING DIE USING TAGUCHI EXPERIMENT METHOD

Chun-Yin Wu! Yuan-Chuan Hsu

Department of Mechanical Engineering Tatung University

Taipei, Taiwan 104, R.O.C.

Key Words: extrusion forging, die shape optimization, Taguchi method, fi- nite element method.

ABSTRACT

The finite element method was utilized to analyze the effect of geo-

metric parameters of die shape on the deformation characteristics of an ex-

trusion forging process. The orthogonal array and parameter design of the

Taguchi method are adopted to reduce the number of simulations required

for analysis and design of die shape. The experiments were performed for

extrusion forging by using two distinct dies and the S/N ratio was com-

pared between them. The results of the experiment are consistent with

those of finite element analysis. The comparison validates the accuracy

and productivity of the method proposed in this paper. The methodology

of optimization of die shape developed for extrusion forging can be ex-

tended to die designs with complicated profiles and the quality of industri-

aldie manufacturing may be promoted.

(2)

Ιȃࠉ! ِ

ᔠᗫ߽஠ᔠժᇄᗫഅڍᆍᇧแӫՄ࣏Ιޟߜ឴ԙל ݲȄശᙏ൐ޟᔠᗫ࢐ցҢ༫Ќלΰ዁ᄇҁݖޑή዁໌՗ή ᔆၼଢ଼ਢȂ዁ڎ໢ޟतਟོ܁ΰ዁ЌοЅ୏ө໢ሪࢺଢ଼Ȅ

඲ِϞȂᔠᗫ໌՗ਢȂ௥ߖतਟѴ৷ഋ՝ޟ؅ਟོ܁৷ө Ѵ୏ࢺଢ଼ȂՄᎬߖϛЖഥഋޟ؅ਟࠌ܁ΰ዁ЌοᔠюȂһ

։༫࢘ޑतਟӣਢ౰ҡଛөᔠժᇄ୏ө৤ቶᗫഅ[1]Ȅ೽ல ᔠᗫᡐלџϷԙέ໦ࢲȈ(1)तਟӰ୘ΨհҢՄ౰ҡϞᡐל ٺϛЖяюϞଽ࡙Шনۖଽ࡙ωȂ(2)ϛЖяюϞଽ࡙ᆰࡻ

ϚᡐϚᓍ୏᜞एጢᡐלՄ౰ҡᡐϽȂ(3)ю౪ઍғᔠժᇧแ ՄमतਟࢺюЌοਢଽ࡙։ቨσ[2,3]Ȅ

ࢺଢ଼ᡐל዁ԒϚծѾѡᗫӇࠢ፴Ȃζོኇ៪዁ڎᑑૉ

ЅڏჰڼȄ؅ਟࢺଢ଼ᡐלкौޟኇ៪ӰશԤȈΰ዁Ќ৷ȃ

዁ڎלޑȃतਟ؅፴ȃतਟଽ࡙/ޢ৷Шȃतਟᇄ዁ڎϭ७ ኞᔢ้[1]ȄԃԪӻᡐኵᇧแϞፒᚕܒџདՄޣȂծӰᔠᗫ ޟᡐלᇧแலҢܻᇧഅଽ஼࡙ԚӇȂЅءٙᇄ૞ުϞፒᚕ ႭӇȂڏᡐל዁Ԓάᇄഖ዁ᗫഅޟߑۖႱᗫሳ࣏ࣺխȂ࢈

ᄇഖ዁ᗫഅޟ዁ڎ೩ॎᇄᇧแೣგڎԤࣺ࿋ޟ୤ՃܒȄ ҥܻᔠᗫᄇᗫഅώཾԤࣺ࿋ޟ१ौܒȂӰԪԤ೨ӻᔠ ᗫޟࣺᜰंـച៉ೝඪюȂծᘪઽِϞȂ൷ंـПݲՄِȂ லَޟԤΰࣨ३ȃԤ३ϯશ้ኵ঄Ϸݙᇄ዁ᔣȃސ౩዁ᔣ Ѕᄂᡛ้Ȃ൷ϷݙᄇຫкौԤϚӣϞतਟ؅፴ᇄѴלȃኞ ᔢనӇᇄ߽ኵȃ዁ڎඁդѴל้Ȃ൷௤ـПөԤᡐל॒೉

ᇄ૖໔ȃш዁ЅᡐלѴלȃԙלܒ้ᡐל՗࣏ܖࢺଢ଼዁ԒȄ ឋԃȂHashmi Ѕ Klemz[4]ڍΡෆо౩፣ϷݙޟПԒپႱก

༫࢘ޑतਟӵᔠᗫޟᡐלѴלȄቓ๼้Ρ[5]ඪюᔠᗫፒӫ ёώޟন౩ȂϷݙԙלਢ؅ਟޟࢺଢ଼ೣࡡȂٮඪю၎ёώ ޟᎌҢႭӇጒ൜Ȃζആႆᔠᔆᄂᡛंـёώ୤ኵ३ۡన ӇȂоᗗջᔠᗫӨᆍીഞޟ౰ҡȄMaccarini ้Ρ[3]ցҢԤ ३ϯશݲЅᄂᡛپ௤ଆᔠᗫᇄІөᔠժϞѴΨЅ዁ڎ/ώ Ӈϭ७ኞᔢ୰ᚠȄBrayden Ѕ Moraghan[6]оΰࣨ३ݲپຟ եᔠᗫᇧแޟ॒೉ᇄᔖΨȄRao ้Ρ[7]ҢԤ३ϯશݲЅސ ౩዁ᔣ้ПԒȂپϷݙᓅЌޑΰ዁ᇄҁή዁ӵԌଫᗫഅ ਢȂڏᆩਿׯԢȃᔖᡐϷշ้Ȃоᕣ၌ڏतਟࢺଢ଼՗࣏Ȅ Maccarini ้Ρ[8]һ࢐ᙤօԤ३ϯશݲپ௤ଆማӵվᔠᗫ ਢȂ዁ڎඁդלޑᄇш዁୰ᚠޟኇ៪ȄHu Ѕ Hashmi[9]ց ҢԤ३ϯશݲЅᄂᡛپ௤ଆ႗ϞઐלतਟӵᔠᗫਢޟѴל ᡐϽЅ॒೉Ȃоंଆߜ឴Ϟࢺଢ଼՗࣏ȄJohn Ѕ John[1]оΰ

ࣨ३ݲϷݙᔠᗫਢ༭ܒᡐלЅպ݈ኞᔢܚሯޟ૖໔Ȅ Giardini้Ρ[10]оԤ३ϯશݲپ௤ଆϚӣ዁ڎלޑȃኞᔢ నӇᄇ؅ਟࢺଢ଼Ѕ۽ܒકນ኿ྥޟኇ៪Ȃоؑுᔠᗫޟԙ לܒȂоցܻ዁ڎ೩ॎȄ೨ӎၖ้Ρ[11]һෆ໌՗☘ӫߜ

࡯ྣᔠяᄂᡛپ௤ଆतਟྣ้࡙ᇧแ୤ኵᄇԙלޟኇ៪Ȃ ٮҢԤ३ϯશ዁ᔣᔠяၐᡛϞ॒೉˕՝ಋȃᔖΨ˕ᔖᡐȃ ߜ឴ࢺଢ଼ᇄш዁௑ל้ᜰ߽Ȅ

዁ڎלޑᄇᗫഅᇧแԤᜰᗤܒޟኇ៪ȂЎڏӵശᙏ൐

ߒΙ! ᔠᗫ዁ᔣၐᡛϞӰυЫྥߒ

фဴ ௡ڙӰυ Ыྥ 1 Ыྥ 2 Ыྥ 3

A Ќ৷(mm) 8 10 12

B ܦ዁ُ(0) 2 7 12

C ༫ُј৷(mm) 2 4 6

ߒΠ Ϛӣ዁ڎלޑϞᔠᗫ዁ᔣၐᡛೣგϞ L9(3³)ޢҺߒ

଩ည

዁ᔣ ዁ ڎ ל ޑ

ၐᡛ Ќ৷(mm) ܦ዁ُ(࡙) ༫ُј৷(mm)

1 8 2 2

2 8 7 4

3 8 12 6

4 10 2 4

5 10 7 6

6 10 12 2

7 12 2 6

8 12 7 2

9 12 12 4

ᔠᗫޟᗫ዁೩ॎϛȂЌ৷ȃܦ዁ُЅ໩ُј৷൷ඁнѾѡ ᐌএ዁ҲޟלޑȂ໌Մζኇ៪ࢺଢ଼ᡐל዁ԒȄMaccarini

้Ρ[7]Ѕ Giardini ้Ρ[9]ᗶϷݙΟ዁ڎלޑᄇᔠᗫޟኇ

៪Ȃծࠉޱ༉๿१ӵЌ৷Ѕ໩ُј৷ȂࡣޱࠌоϚӣኞᔢ Ѕ໩ُј৷࣏кौᄇຫȄՄоҤοᄂᡛॎგݲᔖҢܻᗫഅ ሴ୿ޟंـһϚЍȂឋԃ Ko ้Ρ[12,13]Ȃծтঈ߽ंـ о᜸ડငᆩၯ࡚ҳႱԙל೩ॎПݲਢȂᏲΣҤοᄂᡛॎგ ݲپ໌՗ԙלᇧแࣺᜰҬ኿ڒኵޟശωϽȄҏМࠌ߽ցҢ Ԥ३ϯશݲЅᄂᡛپӒ७ϷݙϚӣЌ৷ȃܦ዁ُЅ༫ۿј

৷ޟ዁ڎѴלᄇᔠᗫᡐל˕ԃяᗔଽ࡙ȃएጢቶ࡙ȃ॒೉ȃ ᔖᡐϷշɂശσᇄശω้ਝᔖᡐϞШɃ˕ޟኇ៪ȄٮЕҢ ҤοЪϞޢҺߒЅ୤ኵ೩ॎپᙏϽ዁ᔣϷݙԩኵЅ໌՗ᔠ ᗫ዁ڎלޑശٹϽϷݙȂһ։Ϸտо॒೉ȃएጢቶ࡙ȃᔖ ᡐϷշശωϽЅяᗔଽ࡙ശσϽ࣏அྥȂӨײюശٹޟ዁

ڎלޑӰυЫྥಢӫȂӔցҢᡐ౴ኵϷݙپጂҳӨ዁ڎל ޑӰυޟኇ៪แ࡙ȂԃԪ։џϷݙюኇ៪Өᆍᔠᗫᡐלޟ ശٹ዁ڎלޑȄ

ΠȃᄂᡛϷݙЅശٹϽ

1.Ҥοᄂᡛݲ

࣏ᕣ၌዁ڎלޑᄇᔠᗫᡐלޟኇ៪แ࡙Ȃٮ໌՗዁ڎ ശٹלޑϷݙȂҏंـ஠ᏲΣҤο୤ኵ೩ॎݲȞTaguchi parameter design methodȟޟ౩܈ᇄ׬೚ȄցҢޢҺߒ Ȟorthogonal arrayȟ໌՗Ԥ३ϯશ዁ᔣϷݙᄂᡛȂϚծџ о෵ЍᄂᡛԩኵȂՄиᄂᡛޟӔ౪ܒଽȄӵҏंـϛȂ዁

ڎלޑоЌ৷ȃܦ዁ُЅ༫ُј৷έএ୤ኵ࣏фߒȂԃߒ ΙܚҰȂ஠Ԫέএ௡ڙӰυӨϷտ೩ۡέএЫྥȂٮᒵᐅ L9(3³)ޟޢҺߒȂһ։ӓሯ໌՗ΞᆍϚӣ዁ڎלޑᄇᔠᗫᡐ לኇ៪ޟԤ३ϯશ዁ᔣϷݙȂԃߒΠܚҰȄ

(3)

Ղᑓ(2) Ղᑓ(1)

Հᑓ

billet die

workpiece 10

40

120

4020 5

die φ

φ α

φ γ

୤ኵ೩ॎ࢐Ҥοࠢ፴ώแޟᆠ๼ЅਯЖ׬೚Ȃڏஅҏ ন౩࢐ײюΙಢџ௡Ӱυޟ೎౩ಢӫȂՄ೻Ιಢӫܚᄇᔖ ޟ೩ॎܖᇧแϞఃཐ࡙ശճȂһ։ᄇᚕॱ࡞஀ञȄ୤ኵ೩

ॎޟஅҏЙݲΝ࢐஠ࠢ፴੫ܒᙽ඲ԙଉᚕШȞsignal-to noise, S/N ratioȟȂӔցҢ SN Шޟ੫ܒײڗᡐ౴ኵωՄࠢ፴ ੫ܒҁ֯঄ٹޟ೩ॎ[14]ȄӵҤοݲϛȂ஠ࠢ፴੫ܒϷ࣏

ఖω੫ܒȞsmaller-is-better, SBȟȃఖσ੫ܒȞlarger-is-better, LBȟЅఖҬ੫ܒȞnormal-is-best, NBȟέᆍȄҏМ஠Ϸտ о॒೉ȃएጢቶ࡙ȃᔖᡐϷշϞശωϽȞఖω੫ܒȟЅя ᗔଽ࡙ϞശσϽȞఖσ੫ܒȟհ࣏዁ڎלޑശٹϽ೩ॎޟ அྥȄSB Ѕ LB ϞଉᚕШȞS/NȟџϷտߒҰ࣏Ȉ





⋅

−

=

∑

= N

i i

SB y

N 1

1 2

log

η

10 ⁽¹⁾











⋅ 

−

=

∑

= N

i i

LB N 1y2

1 log 1

η

10 ⁽²⁾

ΰΠԒϛȂ

η

SBȃ

η

NBϷտ࣏ఖω੫ܒЅఖσ੫ܒޟᚕଉ ШȂN ࣏ӨಢᄂᡛϞ੫ܒ঄এኵȂҏМϞ N ঄้ܻ 1ȂՄ yi࣏Өԩ዁ᔣϷݙᄂᡛޟ੫ܒ঄Ȟһ։॒೉ܖएጢቶ࡙ܖ ᔖᡐϷշܖяᗔଽ࡙ޟσωȟȄ

2.Ԥ३ϯશϷݙ

ցҢԤ३ϯશݲپ዁ᔣߜ឴ࢺଢ଼ᡐלޟ௑לџᇳ࢐Ҭ ࠉᔖҢശӻޟ၌ݙώڎȂоԤ३ϯશݲ೎౩ত༭ܒ؅ਟϞ ᔠᗫᡐל୰ᚠȂܻ௰ᅋႆแϛȂкौоΨҁᒋПแԒȃ६ ӅྥࠌȃᄺԙПแԒȃඁդࣺৠПแЅ᜞ࣨనӇ࣏кȄԤ ३ϯશלԒᡐϷন౩Ңܻত༭ܒ؅ਟџቸԙΙݿڒኵԃή [15]Ȉ

∫

⁻

∫

= _v

σ ε

^⋅dv _sF_iu_ids

π

⁽³⁾

ڏϛ

σ

้߽ਝᔖΨȂ

ε

^⋅ ้߽ਝᔖᡐ౥ȂF ߽ߒ७ΨȄ _i ᄇԪݿڒኵΙ໦ᡐϷџுڗஅҏԤ३ϯશלԒ

0

=

− +

=

∫

v

σ δ ε

^⋅^dv ^k

∫

v

ε

v

δε

v^dv

∫

s i^F

δ

^uⁱ^ds

δπ

⁽⁴⁾

ڏϛ k ߽ penalty லኵȄӵԤ३ϯશݲޟ೎౩ႆแϛȂོ஠

ԪᡐϷޟݿڒኵᙽ඲ԙߨጣܒޟфኵПแԒȂ೽லӑցҢ ޢ௥᠒фݲؑுശߑౠก঄ȂӔցҢওғϞвႳ˕ܜලි

ݲў໌՗᠒фоؑுԝᔧ঄Ȅ

ҏंـܚҢϞԤ३ϯશϷݙȂΝঅօ DEFORM-2D ୦ Ң೺ᡝپ໌՗Ȃ዁ᔣਢतਟᇄ዁ڎޟ଩ညԃყ 1 ܚҰȄΰ

዁ڎϛЖ߽ڎԤΙೱऎ༫ЌȂиҥۻഋଔ 30mm ޟ౏࡙Ԥ Өᆍܦ዁ُᇄ໩ُ༫ۿј৷Ȃή዁ࠌ࢐Ιҁݖޑ዁ڎȄᔠ ᗫޟतਟ࣏ޢ৷ 40mmȃଽ 30mm Ϟ 6061 ᎟ӫߜȄ዁ڎᇄ

(A)ᔠᗫࠉ (B)ᔠᗫࡣ ყ 1! तਟᇄ዁ڎ଩ညყ

ყ 2 ᔠᗫ዁ڎѴᢎɂΰ዁(1)˕d=10mmȃ

α

=12⁰ȃ r=6mmȂΰ዁(2)˕d=10mmȃ

α

=7⁰ȃr =4mmɃ

तਟϭ७Ϟۡ୘ኞᔢ߽ኵ࣏ 0.3ȂԪ঄߽ҥ༫ᕗᔆᕻᄂᡛؑ

ுȄ዁ᔣਢȂΰ዁ήᔆ 25mm ٺ዁ڎ໢ሪᡐ࣏ 5mmȂԪਢ џี౪तਟԤΙഋӋ܁ΰ዁ϛЖЌοᔠюȂΙഋӋࠌ܁୏

ө৤ቶȂԪ౪ຫᇄΙૡМᝦ[1-4]ܚҰϚᒗՄӫȄ

3.ᔠᗫᄂᡛ

ҏंـܚሯϞᄂᡛ߽ӵ࿲૖؅ਟၐᡛᐠ໌՗ȂкौԤ ڍ໶ȈΙ࣏༫ᕗᔆᕻᄂᡛȂҢپؑڥԤ३ϯશ዁ᔣϷݙܚ ሯϞ዁ڎᇄतਟϭ७໢ޟۡ୘ኞᔢ߽ኵȄၐᡛܚҢतਟᇄ

዁ڎ؅፴ᇄᔠᗫᄂᡛࣺӣȂՄतਟЏψ࣏ٷೣۡϞ 6:3:2Ȃ

։ڥѴ৷ 20mm ϱ৷ 10mm ଽ࡙ 7mmȂतਟငᔆᕻࡣȂก ໔ଽ࡙෵ᕻШᇄϱ৷෵ᕻШȂӔ଩ӫ Altan[16]ਮғԢጣо

ؑڥۡ୘ኞᔢ߽ኵȄΠ࣏ᔠᗫᄂᡛȂҢپᕣ၌Ѕᡛᜌᔠᗫ

዁ᔣϷݙޟғጂܒȂᔠᗫᄂᡛϞतਟ࣏ޢ৷ 40mm ଽ 30mm

(4)

-12.7 -12.6 -12.5 -12.4

A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3

Level

S/N value (db)

hole diameter draft angle fillet radius

-30 -28 -26 -24 -22 -20

A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3 Level

S/N value (db)

25 26 27 28 29 30 31

S/N value(db)

-39.8 -39.6 -39.4 -39.2 -39 -38.8 -38.6

S/N value (db)

ole diameter draft angle fillet radiu ߒέ! ᔠᗫᡐלЅڏ S/N ӱᔖߒ

॒೉ яᗔଽ࡙ एጢቶ࡙ ᔖᡐϷշ

॒೉ S/N ঄ ଽ࡙ S/N ঄ ቶ࡙ S/N ঄ Ϸշ S/N ঄

10⁶(N) (mm) (mm)

1 2.260 -12.708 19.726 25.901 96.466 -39.687 27.32 -28.730 2 2.264 -12.709 25.908 28.269 95.330 -39.585 16.04 -24.104 3 1.815 -12.518 30.348 29.643 90.504 -39.134 14.29 -23.101 4 2.191 -12.681 22.066 26.874 95.022 -39.556 27.06 -28.647 5 1.870 -12.544 21.810 26.773 92.024 -39.278 19.83 -25.946 6 1.810 -12.515 30.800 29.771 90.950 -39.176 14.30 -23.107 7 2.003 -12.603 23.490 27.418 94.300 -39.490 24.04 -27.619 8 1.848 -12.533 30.509 29.689 90.785 -39.160 21.74 -26.745 9 1.722 -12.472 35.775 31.072 87.422 -38.832 19.82 -25.942

(a)ᔠᗫ॒೉Ϟ S/N ӱᔖყ

(b)एጢቶ࡙Ϟ S/N ӱᔖყ

(c)яᗔଽ࡙Ϟ S/N ӱᔖყ

(d)้ਝᔖᡐϷշϞ S/N ӱᔖყ ყ 3! ҁ֯ S/N Ш঄Ϟӱᔖყ

Ϟ 6061 ᎟ӫߜȂင420^oCёዥΠωਢٮᝥվϞଝЬ೎౩Ȅ

዁ڎࠌ߽Ң SKD11 ዁ڎᓁՌᇧٮငౕЬȃӱЬ೎౩ȂӓԤ ΠпȈ(1)d=10mmȃ

α

=12^oȃr=6mmȂ(2)d=10mmȃ

7o

α

= ȃr=4mmȄȞԃყ 1 Ѕყ 2ȟ

έȃ๖ݎᇄଆ፣

ຟեᗫഅᇧแܖ዁ڎޟᓺӛԤ࡞ӻӰશȂ॒೉ޟσ ωȃш዁૖Ψޟଽճȃኀ᜞לԙޟӻᄀȃᗫӇࠢ፴ޟ֯Ϻ ܒ้഍࢐ࣺ࿋१ौޟࡾ኿Ȅᔠᗫ॒೉ູճȂϚծܚሯ೩ര Ꮰ՝ኵџູωȂՄи዁ڎڧΨωࣺᄇჰڼζၶଽȄ؅ਟӵ

዁Ҳޟࢺଢ଼ᡐלཕৠܾфߒڏш዁૖ΨཕଽȂՄᔠᗫלԙ Ϟяᗔଽ࡙࡬џШᔣ࣏ш዁૖ΨޟଽճȄᗫӇኀ᜞ޟלԙ ཕᄚиཕωཕԁȂԃԪџ࿽ࣸ؅ਟٮٺࡣ៉ޟ୘᜞ৠܾȂ

Մᔠᗫएጢ࡬᜸խኀ᜞ޟלԙȄ؅ਟӵ዁Ҳࢺଢ଼ູ֯Ϻڏ

ࠢ፴ູٹȂᔖᡐϷշޟ৯౴џфߒᗫӇޟ֯ϺܒȄӰԪȂ ҏМ࢐о॒೉ȃएጢቶ࡙ȃᔖᡐϷշϞശωϽɂఖω੫ܒɃ Ѕяᗔଽ࡙ϞശσϽɂఖσ੫ܒɃհ࣏዁ڎלޑശٹϽޟ ೩ॎஅྥȄ

ߒέ࣏ငԤ३ϯશ዁ᔣϷݙܚு॒೉ȃएጢቶ࡙ȃᔖ ᡐϷշȃяᗔଽ࡙঄Ѕڏ S/N ঄Ȃყ 3 ࣏Өᆍ዁ڎלޑᄇ ᔖϞᔠᗫᡐלܚ࡚ҳϞ S/N ӱᔖყȂՄߒѲ߽዁ڎלޑശ ٹϽЅڏኇ៪࡙ϷݙȄ൷ᔠᗫ॒೉ՄِȂҥߒѲџޣശٹ ޟ዁ڎלޑ࣏዁Ќ 12mmȃܦ዁ُ12^oȃ໩ُј৷ 6mmȂ Մҥყ 2 Ϟ S/N ӱᔖყШၶӨ዁ڎלޑϞЫྥ৯౴ኇ៪џ ޣȂܦ዁ُޟኇ៪ܒၶσȂ໩ُј৷ޟኇ៪ܒၶωȄ൷ए ጢቶ࡙ՄِȂശٹޟ዁ڎלޑ࣏዁Ќ 12mmȃܦ዁ُ12^oȃ

໩ُј৷ 6mmȂՄӨ዁ڎלޑϞЫྥ৯౴ኇ៪оܦ዁ُޟ h

(5)

(a)൷॒೉ՄِϞശٹ዁ڎלޑ (d=12mm,

α

=12⁰,r=6mm⁾

(b)൷яᗔՄِϞശٹ዁ڎלޑ (d=12mm,

α

=12⁰,r=4mm⁾

(c)൷एጢՄِϞശٹ዁ڎלޑ (d=12mm,

α

=12⁰,r=6mm⁾

(d)൷ᔖᡐϷշՄِϞശٹ዁ڎלޑ (d=8mm,

α

=12⁰,r=6mm⁾ ყ 4! Өᆍശٹ዁ڎלޑϞᔠᗫᡐל௑ݷ

ߒѲ! ዁ڎלޑശٹϽЅڏኇ៪࡙Ϸݙ Ќ৷ ܦ዁ُ ༫ُј৷

॒೉ ശٹϽЫྥ 12 mm 12 6 ^o mm ኇ៪࡙ (2) (1) (3) яᗔଽ࡙ ശٹϽЫྥ 12 mm 12 4 ^o mm

ኇ៪࡙ (2) (1) (3) एጢቶ࡙ ശٹϽЫྥ 12 mm 12 6 ^o mm

ኇ៪࡙ (2) (1) (3) ᔖᡐϷշ ശٹϽЫྥ 8 mm 12 6 ^o mm

ኇ៪࡙ (2) (1) (3)

ኇ៪ܒၶσȂ໩ُј৷ޟኇ៪ܒၶωȄ൷ᔖᡐϷշՄِȂ ശٹޟ዁ڎלޑ࣏዁Ќ 8mmȃܦ዁ُ12^oȃ໩ُј৷ 6mmȂ ՄӨ዁ڎלޑϞЫྥ৯౴ኇ៪ࠌоܦ዁ُޟኇ៪ܒၶσȂ

໩ُј৷ޟኇ៪ܒၶωȄԪѴȂ൷яᗔଽ࡙ՄِȂശٹޟ

዁ڎלޑࠌ࣏዁Ќ 12mmȃܦ዁ُ12^oȃ໩ُј৷ 4mmȂ ՄӨ዁ڎלޑϞЫྥ৯౴ኇ៪оܦ዁ُޟኇ៪ܒၶσȂՄ

໩ُј৷ޟኇ៪ܒࠌၶωȄყ 4 ࣏Өശٹ዁ڎלޑޟᔠᗫ ᡐל௑ݷȄ

࣏ᡛᜌҏМϞ዁ᔣϷݙܚுኵᐃ࢐֏ғጂџ߬Ȃׇԙ Ϟᄂሬᔠᗫᄂᡛᇄ዁ᔣϷݙШၶԃყ 5 Սყ 9 ܚҰȂҥყ 5Ѕყ 6 џޣᔠᗫ॒೉˕؟แޟᗍ༖ᇄσωࣱሳ࣏ࣺߖȂ ყ 7 ࣏ڍᆍ዁ڎڏΰ዁ڎήᔆ՗แӵ 20mmȞ։एጢࠔ࡙

ყ 5! Ԥ३ϯશݲᇄᄂᡛϞᔠᗫ॒೉˕؟แԢጣШၶ

10mmȟਢȂतਟڧᔠᔆࡣѴלޟᡐϽȂ(a)࣏Ԥ३ϯશ዁

ᔣܚுϞᔠᗫӇޟѡјຜყȂ(b)࣏ᄂሬᔠᗫᄂᡛޟᔠᗫӇ ӒᇼȂငрಠϷݙШၶȂџี౪ڍޱϞᔠᗫᡐלሳ࣏௥ߖȂ Ѫყ 8 Ѕყ 9 Ϸտ࣏ڏяᗔଽ࡙ᇄएጢቶ࡙σωШၶȂڍ ޱޟശσ৯౴ࣱωܻ 6%ȄԪѴȂ؁оߒѲܚுശٹ዁ڎ לޑȂϷտоॎᆗЅ዁ᔣϷݙؑு S/N ঄ԃߒϤܚҰȂҥ ߒџޣڍޱϞശٹ঄һࣺ࿋௥ߖȄӰԪȂоҏМܚඪюޟ

(6)

˅˄ˁˋ ˅˅ˁˌ ˅˅ˁ˅ ˅ˆˁˈ

˃ ˈ

˄˃

˄ˈ

˅˃

˅ˈ ˆ˃

ʻࢸᑓߡ৫ː˄˅ʿၻߡתஉːˉ̀̀ʼ ʻࢸᑓߡ৫ːˊʿၻߡתஉːˇ̀̀ʼ ᑓࠠݮण

סᝦ೏৫ʻ̀̀ʼ

ኔ᧭ଖ ᑓᚵଖ

0.00E+0 4.00E+5 8.00E+5 1.20E+6 1.60E+6 2.00E+6 Experimental load(N)

0.00E+0 4.00E+5 8.00E+5 1.20E+6 1.60E+6 2.00E+6

Simulational load(N)

(Draft angle=12,Fillet radius=6) (Draft angle=7,Fillet radius=4)

Пݲپ໌՗ᔠᗫ዁ڎלޑϷݙȂϚծڎԤࣺ࿋ޟғጂܒȂ Մиڏ१౪ܒһϚᒿȄ

Ѳȃ๖! ፣

ҏंـցҢҤοࠢ፴ώแȃԤ३ϯશ዁ᔣ้ПݲپϷ ݙᔠᗫശٹ዁ڎלޑȂٮϷտցҢᄂᡛЅॎᆗپᡛᜌȂᕕ

ுࣺ࿋ޟғጂܒᇄ१౪ܒȄငҥҏंـџᕕுശω॒೉ȃ

ߒϤ! ശٹ዁ڎלޑᔠᗫ዁ᔣᇄॎᆗܚு S/N ঄Шၶ

ॎᆗϞ S/N ঄ ዁ᔣϞ S/N ঄ ৯౴Шၶ*

॒! ! ೉ -12.531 -12.469 1.004 яᗔଽ࡙ -29.431 -31.093 1.056 एጢቶ࡙ -39.170 -38.910 1.006 ᔖᡐϷշ -24.972 -22.793 1.095

ຝȈ*৯౴Шၶ߽ॎᆗᇄ዁ᔣϞ S/N Ш঄ ყ 6! ᔠᗫ॒೉Ϟᄂᡛᇄ዁ᔣ঄Шၶ

(a)Ԥ३ϯશ዁ᔣϞᔠᗫӇȞѡјഋȟ (b)ᄂᡛϞᔠᗫӇ

ყ 7! Ԥ३ϯશݲᇄᄂᡛϞᔠᗫᡐלѴלШၶȞѾ᜞࣏d=10mm,α=7⁰,r=4mmѡ᜞࣏d=10mm,α=12⁰,r=6mmȟ

ყ 8! яᗔଽ࡙Ϟᄂᡛᇄ዁ᔣ঄Шၶ

(7)

ˉˋˁˊ ˉˉˁˆ ˉˋˁˉ ˉˊˁˈ

˃

˄˃

˅˃

ˆ˃

ˇ˃

ˈ˃

ˉ˃

ˊ˃

ˋ˃

ˌ˃

ʻࢸᑓߡ৫ː˄˅ ʿၻߡתஉːˉ̀̀ʼ ʻࢸᑓߡ৫ːˊ ʿၻߡתஉːˇ̀̀ʼ ᑓࠠݮण

ડᒴᐈ৫ʻ̀̀ʼ

ኔ᧭ଖ ᑓᚵଖ

ყ 9! एጢቶ࡙Ϟᄂᡛᇄ዁ᔣ঄Шၶ

एጢቶ࡙ȃᔖᡐϷշЅശσяᗔଽ࡙ޟ዁ڎלޑശٹӰυ ЫྥಢӫȂՄиี౪ܦ዁ُޟኇ៪ശσȂЌ৷ԩϞȂ໩ُ

ј৷ޟኇ៪แ࡙ࠌၶωȄӰԪȂоҏМޟശٹ዁ڎלޑϷ ݙഊ৷Ѕܚுޟᔠᗫ዁ڎശٹלޑ೩ॎ๖ݎȂ஠џ௰Ѕܻ

؁ፒᚕޟႱᗫ዁ڎѴל೩ॎȂᄇᗫഅ዁ڎώཾᔖԤࣺ࿋ޟ

୤Ճቋ঄Ȅ

ಒဴષЕ

η

SB ఖω੫ܒޟᚕଉШ

η

LB ఖσ੫ܒޟᚕଉШ

N ੫ܒ঄এኵ

σ

้ਝᔖΨ

ε

^& ้ਝᔖᡐ౥

F i ߒ७Ψ k penalty லኵ

୤ՃМᝦ

1. John, V., and John, M., “An Upper-bound Analysis of a Forging-extrusion Process,” Journal of Materials Proc- essing Technology, Vol. 55, pp.103-110 (1995).

2. Jain, S. C., Bramley, A. N., Lee, C. H., and Kobayashi, S., Theory and Experiment in Extrusion Forging, 11th M.T.D.R., Manchester (UK) (1970)

3. Maccarini, G., Giardini, C., and Bugini, A., “Extrusion Operations: F.E.M. Approach and Experimental Results,”

Journal of Material Processing Technology, Vol. 24, pp.395-402 (1990).

4. Hashmi, M. S. J., and Klemz, F. B., “Axisymmetric Extru-

sion Forging: Effects of Material Property and Product Geometry,” International Journal of machine tool design and research, Vol. 26, pp.157-170 (1986).

5. ቓ๼ȃдԒবȃ࠺ᗸȃ؃ϯࢹȃሁЀᏠȂᔠ㔯ፒӫώ᛺

ԙלೣࡡၐᡛंـȂᐠడऋᏰᇄ׬೚Ȃ಑ΪΞڢȂ಑Ѳ

෈Ȃ಑623-626ॲȞ2000ȟȄ

6. Brayden, L., and Monaghan, J., “An Analysis of Closed- Ddie Extrusion/Forging,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 26, pp.141-157 (1991)

7. Rao, K. P., Doraivelu, S. M., and Sivaram, K., “Physical Modeling Studies Using Spike Forging to Verify Analyti- cal Prediction,” Journal of materials processing technology, Vol. 28, pp.295-306 (1991)

8. Maccarini, G., Giardini, C., Pellegrini, G., and Bugini, A.,

“The Influence of Die Geometry on Cold Extrusion Forg- ing Operations: FEM and Experimental Results,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 27, pp.227-238 (1991).

9. Hu, W., and Hashmi, M. S. J., “Study of Metal Flow in Extrusion Forging of Rectangular Billets,” Journal of Ma- terials Processing Technology, Vol. 43, pp.51-59 (1994).

10. Giardini, C., Ceretti, E., and Maccarini, G., “Formability in Extrusion Forging: The Influence of Die Geometry and Friction Conditions,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 54, pp.302-308 (1995).

11. ೨ӎ࠲ȃں఼᝺ȃጾᕃ❼ȃ؃۠ᐕȂ☘ӫߜߨ࡯ྣᗫഅ ၐᡛ዁ಢϞ࡚ҳᗫഅȂ಑ΞڢȂ಑Π෈Ȃ಑25-32ॲȂ Ȟ2000ȟȄ

12. Ko, D. C., Kim, D. H., Kim, B. M., and Choi, J. C.,

0 0

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“Methodology of Preform Design Considering Workabil- ity in Metal Forming by the Artificial Neural Network and Taguchi Method,” Journal of Materials Processing Tech- nology, pp.487-492 (1998).

13. Ko, D. C., Kim, D. H., and Kim, B. M. “Application of Artificial Neural Network and Taguchi Method to Preform Design in Metal Forming Considering Workability,” In- ternational Journal of Machine Tool and Manufacture, pp.771-785 (1999).

14. ᎒ᐸฤȂҤοࠢ፴ώแ׬೚౩፣ᇄᄂ୛Ȃ಑66-81ॲȂ ϛ๼ҕ୽ࠢ፴ᆓڙᏰོȂѮѕȞ1995ȟȄ

15. Kobayashi, S., Oh, S., and Altan, T., Metal Forming and

The Finite-Element Method, Oxford University Press (1989).

16. Lee, C. H., and Altan, T., “Influence of Flow Stress and Friction upon Metal Flow in Upset Forging of Rings and Cylinders,” Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transac- tions ASME, Series B, pp.775-782 (1972)

89 ԑ 11 Т 02 Р! ԝገ 90 ԑ 02 Т 21 Р! ߑቷ 90 ԑ 07 Т 12 Р! ፒቷ 90 ԑ 08 Т 17 Р! ௥ڧ