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以其它衝突線索營造的諷刺對話

第三章 人物對話之反諷語氣

3.3 以其它衝突線索營造的諷刺對話

除了已知事實資訊與語言線索外,奧斯汀在小說中亦運用了其他手法營造反諷語 氣,以下略舉數例:

(16) 路卡斯爵士希望促成伊莉莎白與達西共舞,但伊莉莎白因心存芥蒂,堅決 不肯。原文為:

“You excel so much in the dance, Miss Eliza, that it is cruel to deny me the

happiness of seeing you; and though this gentleman dislikes the amusement in general, he can have no objection, I am sure, to oblige us for one half-hour.”

“Mr. Darcy is all politeness,” said Elizabeth, smiling. (Vol 1, Chapter 6: 46) 譯文

音,為反諷語氣之訊號33,另 All politeness 措詞較為強烈,亦可視為伊莉莎白暗

They were interrupted by Miss Bennet, who came to fetch her mother’s tea.

“This is a parade,” he cried, “which does one good; it gives such an elegance to

33小說中提到伊莉莎白微笑說話的次數屈指可數,且均為暗諷眼前事物的表示。如她與粗魯蠻橫

的凱薩琳夫人(Lady Catherine)說話,夫人毫不保留地議論伊莉莎白母親教育女兒的方式:

“No governess! How was that possible? Five daughters brought up at home without a governess! I never heard of such a thing. Your mother must have been quite a slave to your education.”

Elizabeth could hardly help smiling as she assured her that had not been the case. (Vol 2, Chapter 6:

302)

以及凱薩琳夫人無禮地直問伊莉莎白年齡:

“Upon my word,” said her ladyship, “you give your opinion very decidedly for so young a person. Pray, what is your age?”

“With three younger sisters grown up,” replied Elizabeth, smiling, “your ladyship can hardly expect me to own it.” (Vol 2, Chapter 6: 304)

還有她暗笑達西可以將賓利操縱於股掌之間:

“…I told him, moreover, that I believed myself mistaken in supposing, as I had done, that your sister was indifferent to him; and as I could easily perceive that his attachment to her was unabated, I felt no doubt of their happiness together.”

Elizabeth could not help smiling at his easy manner of directing his friend. (Vol 3, Chapter 16: 674)

misfortune! Another day I will do the same; I will sit in my library, in my nightcap and powdering gown, and give as much trouble as I can; or, perhaps, I may defer it till Kitty runs away.” (Vol 3, Chapter 6: 544)

遠景版 珍走進來給母親遞茶,打斷了他們的話頭。

「這次的事很有益呢;」他大聲說道,「它使我們遭 遇了不幸也處之泰然!終有一天我也來玩一手,我 將戴了睡帽,穿了睡袍,坐在書房裡鬧個大亂了;

--或者我等潔蒂私奔了才鬧也好。」

反諷語氣明顯 前半段譯文表 達不切

志文版 班納特小姐送茶來給她的母親,打斷了他們的談話。

班納特先生大聲叫道:「這真是享福,真是舒服極 了,居然倒楣了還不忘風雅!哪一天我也要來學妳 的樣子,坐在書房裡,頭戴睡帽,身穿睡衣,盡量 找人麻煩。要不就等凱蒂私奔了後再說。」

反諷語氣明顯

孫版 這時貝內特小姐過來給母親端茶,打斷了他們的談

話。

「還真會擺架子呢,」他大聲叫道,「這也不無好處,

倒為不幸增添了幾分風雅!我哪天也效仿此法,坐 在書房裡,頭戴睡帽,身穿罩衣,盡量找人麻煩。

要不就等吉蒂私奔了以後再說。」

反諷語氣明顯

雷版 這時珍端茶給她母親,打斷他們的談話。

貝內特先生大聲說:「妳媽這樣大肆喧嘩,可真有好 處!家門不幸她倒顯得優雅迷人。哪天我也要如法 炮製一番,頭戴睡帽、身穿撒香粉的睡袍,坐在書 房裡盡量麻煩人。也許等凱蒂私奔以後,我再來麻

反諷語氣明顯 譯文表達不切

煩妳們。」

對照後文貝納太太聽到女兒喜訊從床上一躍而起,馬上出門給親戚報訊的表 現,貝納先生的諷刺顯然並非無的放矢。本段反諷語氣的線索在於貝納先生的修 辭手段,以 parade、elegance 等字眼配上 misfortune、trouble 等字營造反差,再 以「穿著睡衣」、「帶著睡帽」等敘述製造滑稽效果。下半段話鋒一轉,譏諷在一 旁的女兒凱蒂。因從小說前文可得知,凱蒂與私奔的莉迪亞一向是家中追求軍官 最切的女兒,因此可說家人均有共同認知,莉迪亞的不幸原本很可能也發生在凱 蒂身上,此處凱蒂雖遭池魚之殃,卻不能說是完全無辜,反諷語氣的線索在於家 人對凱蒂平日情狀的共同認知。

遠景版前半段譯文語義不清, parade 被譯為「很有益」,elegance 成了「處之 泰然」,與原義相差均遠,後半段則尚能表現原文語意。志文版處理反諷語氣尚 稱妥當,但似乎發生理解錯誤,誤以為貝納先生說話的對象是貝納太太。但原文 之 fetch tea 應指大女兒珍來拿母親的餐點,後文亦提及莉迪亞私奔之後貝納太太 兩個禮拜不曾下樓,因此本段對話發生時,貝納太太應該不在現場。孫版正確翻 出了 fetch tea,其餘譯文均能正確翻出原文字義,處理貝納先生的諷刺口吻亦頗 為生動。雷版將 parade 譯為「大肆喧嘩」,似乎偏離原文過遠。

此段參考譯文與其他版本出入不大,主要為更正遠景版與志文版的錯誤,並 調整最後一句語序,表達原文中貝納先生話鋒之轉折。

參考譯文:

這時貝納大小姐走進來,打斷他們的談話,原來她來為母親端茶點。

貝納先生叫了起來:「好一番表演,真是妙極了!給不幸增添了多少風雅!

哪天我也來如法炮製,我要坐在書房裡,戴著睡帽,穿著睡袍,盡量支使別 人,給人找麻煩—還是我先緩一緩,等凱蒂也私奔再說。」

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