第八章、 結論與建議
8.2 建議
1. 本研究演示 CSAA 中,氣候調適六步驟的一至四步驟與風險模板的操作,未來可針對動 態社經情境(本研究僅計畫灌溉用水量為動態更新)、監測與修正及調適選項決策過程建 立回饋機制,形成動態調適路徑,完成 CSAA 中剩餘項目之實際操作。
2. 風險指標中,除了本研究所使用的 SI 與 YRR 指標,可以進一步分析石門水庫供水系統 的回復力,藉此量化可容忍風險的門檻值,有效幫助調適選項之決策。
3. AgriHydro 情境模組中,多測站氣象合成模式能良好維持空間自相關性(SDI),但兩兩站 間相關性有低估之情形,此部分可待未來有較長可取得的資料後,再次驗證。同時,針 對雨量部分,建議(1)增加雨量分布選擇的自由度,依照各月分布檢定之結果,選用各 月與各測站適合的分布產製雨量資料;(2)將極端降雨事件獨立出來分別產生,或以混 合分布的方式,建立具有雙峰值的機率密度函數,用以避免因為極端降雨事件,使最大 似然估計法相較於動差法所估計出的參數發生明顯偏估。
4. AgriHydro 水資源模組中,建議 GWLF 中的流量模式,退水係數與 CN 值可以在未來有 現地觀測值後,更新模式設定參數。同時,建議石門水庫供水系統動力模式中的蒸發量 可以更改為動態估計,增加模式間的連結性。下游部分,在未來有縣管河川流量資訊時,
可進一步建立模式,動態估計糧食生產於河川可取得的水量,並建置埤塘灌溉系統,將 埤塘水資源的調度能力納入考量。
5. AgriHydro 作物模組中,AquaCrop 需要配合更精確的田間試驗資料,校正作物參數,並 再次驗證其適用性。
6. 最後,建議未來能將能源領域納入整合評估模式中,更完整評估三大基本資源於未來氣 候變遷下的風險競合關係,並增加擴建供水、淨水設施、海水淡化廠、其他適合的轉作 作物等調適選項,同時納入經濟效益的計算,最佳化調適選項的選擇與管理。
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附件一、民國 107 年石門水庫灌溉及給水計畫配水量(106 年 11 月 24 日審定版)
下 6.88 11.19 0.47 0.13 0.60 11.79 18.67 186.70 2.00 1.70 3.80 0.07 0.07 0.23 0.00 2.66 1.80 12.33 123.30 31.00 310.00
附件二、臺灣桃園農田水利會民國 106 年灌溉計畫表
附件三、未來氣候情境平均值修正值變化趨勢
圖 A-1、各月不同未來時段的溫度平均值修正值(RCP2.6)
圖 A-2、各月不同未來時段的溫度平均值修正值(RCP8.5)
圖 A-3、各月不同未來時段的雨量平均值修正值(RCP2.6)
圖 A-4、各月不同未來時段的雨量平均值修正值(RCP8.5)
附件四、未來各分區氣候情境修正值
表 A-2、RCP8.5 各分區之溫度平均值修正值
表 A-3、RCP2.6 各分區之雨量平均值修正值
表 A-4、RCP8.5 各分區之雨量平均值修正值
表 B-1、RCP2.6 各分區之溫度標準差修正值
表 B-2、RCP8.5 各分區之溫度標準差修正值
表 B-3、RCP2.6 各分區之雨量標準差修正值
表 B-4、RCP8.5 各分區之雨量標準差修正值