• 沒有找到結果。

第六章 結論與建議

第二節 建議

第一節 結論

藉由個體站立高度與兩種知覺系統的探討,發現登階高度之環境賦使並不會受到

個體站立高度改變而影響其知覺結果,其中與登階動作有關的因素為個體腿長與台階結

構上的關係,無關於個體的站立高度或眼睛高度,而且,儘管個體透過不同知覺系統覺

知最大登階高度,其準確性、偏誤、以及信心都相當一致。針對本研究結果發現,歸納

結論為:一、個體以視覺或觸動覺評估最大登階高度,不受站立高度改變而影響知覺結

果,且都呈現高估於實際最大登階高度,但個體會被站立高度的改變,影響其評估的準

確性。二、以觸動覺探索登階高度之關鍵比值,可採用和視覺觀察相同的身體尺度概念

來描述,不管站立高度如何改變,其關鍵比值約為 0.97。三、不同知覺系統與改變站立

高度都不會影響個體評估可以攀登階高的信心分數,雖然觸動覺探索明顯地比視覺觀察

有較長的評估時間,卻不影響其準確性,支持觸動覺與視覺兩者知覺對等的觀點。

第二節 建議

本研究結果發現無論個體操作手杖進行觸動覺探索,抑或是利用最快速的視覺觀

察,個體都能明確地覺察環境中提供的訊息,而操弄站立高度之效應較不能反應在評估

登階高度的工作中,建議未來研究可改變為坐高、穿越間隙、缺口跨越等實驗工作。此

外,個體除了擷取環境賦予之訊息,更會覺知本身條件與環境的關係,過去已有不少研

究在個體身上負重,觀察其面對特殊工作的評估結果,闡述覺知環境賦使是一種動態的

適配。而本研究聚焦在明眼人的觸動覺與視覺系統,未來可考量探究視覺障礙族群的知

覺系統,和明眼人覺察環境訊息改變的功能性是否相同?其身體尺度的概念能否應用於

其他族群的動作行為,以上可能發展的相關課題,皆有待後續研究的驗證。

引用文獻

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Ecological Psychology, 13(1), 49-69.

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附錄一

參與者頇知及同意書

您好:

本研究屬於知覺行動的研究,旨在探討「立高與知覺系統引致之登階高度環境賦 使」。由於研究需要,希望能徵求您的同意,參與本次研究。

實驗中請您操作手杖進行探索式碰觸或視覺觀察,以定點站立方式評估可以攀登之 階梯高度, 實驗全程預計需 60 分鐘。

本實驗屬於動作行為的研究,不會對人體造成任何傷害。同時研究中有關您個人的 資料均會被妥善保管,若將來本篇研究發表或刊登,也絕不會顯示您的個人資料。最後,

在實驗期間,若您有任何意願改變,可以告知實驗者,隨時終止並退出實驗。

衷心地感謝您熱情的參與!

研究者:黃嘉笙 TEL:0928-425985 指導老師:楊梓楣 博士 TEL:02-23633921 單位:國立臺灣師範大學體育學系碩士班

-參與者同意書-

經過閱讀,我個人了解以上陳述,並且願意參與上述研究。

簽 名:

連絡電話:

:

附錄二

(本慣用手問卷譯自 Coren, 1992)

33-36 Strongly Right-Handed 29-32 Moderately Right-Handed 25-28 Weakly Right-Handed 24 Ambidextrous 20-23 Weakly Left-Handed 16-19 Moderately Left-Handed 12-15 Strongly Left-Handed

附錄三 實驗流程圖

C

23 69

附錄四

參與者基本資料

一、姓名:___________;性別:____ ;聯絡電話:___________

二、慣用手問卷

請依問題回答,並在右側方格內打勾。

左手 右手 任一手 1. 您用哪一手寫字?

2. 您用哪一手畫圖?

3. 您用哪一手投球?

4. 您用哪一手拿網球拍?

5. 您在刷牙時是用哪一手拿牙刷?

6. 您是用哪一手拿刀切東西?

7. 您是用哪一手拿鐵鎚釘釘子?

8. 在點火柴時,您是用哪一手拿火柴棒?

9. 您用哪一手拿橡皮擦?

10.您用哪一手發牌?

11.在穿針線時,您用哪一手拿線?

12.您用哪一手拿蒼蠅拍?

TOTAL

附錄五 變異數分析摘要表

表 4 關鍵比值之 2(知覺系統)× 3(立高)混合設計二因子變異數分析摘要表

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