第五章 結論與建議
第二節 建議
本研究主要在探討個體訊息處理歷程中的注意力程度、工作記憶量、
後設認知能力與創造性問題解決能力彼此間的關聯性。依據所得結論，提 出本研究的建議如下：
壹、 就課程設計而言
建議學校課程設計應增加專題式課程與問題導向課程，促使學生運用
高層次的思考活動，藉以訓練強化學生的創造性問題解決能力。
貳、 就教學活動而言
建議學校教學活動應多融入情境式互動模式，藉以激發學生運用創造 性問題解決的思維，使其分別學習與發揮發散式思考與聚歛式思考的運作 能力。教師在進行教學活動時，亦應運用多元的教學方法，提升學生的注 意力程度，以期增進學生訊息處理的能力。
參、 就後續相關研究而言 一、研究變項的擴充
由於個體的動機、人格特質、先備知識與環境等等因素都會影響個體 的創造力的表現，是以、建議後續研究可將個體的學習動機或先備知識納 入研究變項，使訊息處理能力所含括的範圍更為擴充，也能更廣闊的探討 訊息處理能力與創造性問題解決能力間的相關因子。
二、研究工具的再精進
本研究所使用的研究工具多以研究對象自評個人內在感受，其受研究 對象作答時所處的環境或當時的心理情緒因素影響較大，若能配合相關神 經科學之測量儀器，真實施測取得研究對象的內隱性能力，將可與研究對
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象自評之心理感受做交叉比對，亦可增進資料結果得代表性。
三、研究對象的多元性
將來的研究建議可以擴及其他縣市區域的學校或其他不同科系的學 生，進而探討不同生活區域或不同專業訓練的學生是否在訊息處理能力與 創造性問題解決能力上產生差異。
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修正：
4.在做決定之前，我會先比較每一種方法的可能後果。
修正：
□ □ □
5.對問題感到困擾時，我會先暸解有關的情況，並參考所 有相關資訊。
修正：
□ □ □
自 我 控 制
1.當我為解決問題所做的第一次努力失敗了，我會對自己 處理事情的能力會感到不舒服。
修正：
□ □ □
2.有時我在處理問題時，只是在摸索與徘徊，並沒有掌握 到真正問題的部分。
修正：
□ □ □
3.我常很快地做決定，但事後又會後悔。
修正：
□ □ □
4.我很少會把各種可能方法結合起來解決問題。
修正：
□ □ □
5.有時我會因為心情的關係，而無法想出許多解決問題的 方法。
修正：
□ □ □
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流 暢 性
1.程式設計除基本功能外，也有提供進階功能。
修正：
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2.程式設計的執行效率良好。
修正：
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3.介面物件的配置能考慮整體的和諧
修正：
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4.程式的流程符合使用者經驗(user experience)。
修正：
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變通性：（學生完成設計活動後填寫，依照其列出的數量給予 1 分至 5 分）
Q. 你覺得你所完成的程式若做些改變還可以運用到哪些地方或解決哪些 問題，請將你所想到的填寫在下表，並且敘述還需做哪些改變？(沒有標準 答案，請盡情發揮)
可以運用到哪些地方或解決哪些問題 如何透過你所設計的程式來解決
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附錄五、後設認知量表原文
State Metacognition
Self-Assessment Questionnaire
Directions. A number of statements which people have used to describe themselves are given below. Read each statement and indicate how you thought during the test. Find the word or phrase which best describes how you thought and circle the number for your answer. There are no right or wrong answers. Do not spend too much time on any one statement. Remember, give the answer which seems to describe how you thought during the test.
AWARENESS
COGNITIVE STRATEGY
PLANNING 1 I was aware of my own thinking.
5 I was aware of which thinking technique or strategy to use and when to use it.
9 I was aware of the need to plan my course of action.
13 I was aware of my ongoing thinking processes.
17 I was aware of my trying to understand the test questions before I attempted to solve them.
3 I attempted to discover the main ideas in the test questions.
7 I asked myself how the test questions related to what I already knew.
9 I thought through the meaning of the test questions before I began to answer them.
15 I used multiple thinking techniques or strategies to solve the test questions.
19 I selected and organized relevant information to solve the test questions.
4 I tried to understand the goals of the test questions before I attempted to answer.
8 I tried to determine what the test required.
12 I made sure I understood just what had to be done and how to do it.
16 I determined how to solve the test questions.
20 I tried to understand the test questions before I attempted to solve them.
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SELF-CHECKING 2 I checked my work while I was doing it.
6 I corrected my errors.
10 I almost always knew how much of the test I had left to complete.
14 I kept track of my progress and, if necessary, I changed my techniques or strategies.
18 I checked my accuracy as I progressed through the test.
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5 I am usually able to think up creative and effective alternatives
to solve a problem. 0.42 0.42
10 I have the ability to solve most problems even though
initially no solution is immediately apparent. 0.63 0.62 11 Many problems I face are too complex for me to solve. 0.45 0.42 12 I make decisions and am happy with them later. 0.51 0.52 19 When I make plans to solve a problem, I am almost certain
that I can make them work. 0.63 0.53
23 Given enough time and effort, I believe I can solve most
problems that confront me. 0.73 0.71
24 When faced with a novel situation I have confidence that I
can handle problems that may arise. 0.75 0.7
27 I trust my ability to solve new and difficult problems. 0.71 0.68 33 After making a decision, the outcome I expected usually
matches the actual outcomes. 0.49 0.47 35 When I become aware of a problem, one of the first things I do
is to try to find out exactly what the problem is. 0.46 0.48 Approach avoidance style
1 When a solution to a problem was unsuccessful, I do not
examine why it didn't work. 0.33 0.37 2
When I confronted with a complex problem, I do not bother to develop a strategy to collect information so I can define action, I take time and compare the actual outcome to what I thought should have happened.
0.41 0.39
7
When I have a problem, I think up as many possible ways to handle it as I can until I can't come up with any more ideas.
0.53 0.47
113 each alternative being successful.
0.49 0.50
16 When confronted with a problem, I stop and think about it
before deciding on a next step. 0.46 0.47 17 I generally go with the first good idea that comes to my mind. 0.45 0.39 18 When making a decision, I weigh the consequences of each
alternative and compare them against each other. 0.71 0.71 20 I try to predict the overall result of carrying out a particular
alternative and compare them against each other. 0.71 0.71 20 I try to predict the overall result of carrying out a particular