第五章 結論與建議
第三節 建議
可用來評估新生兒在母親子宮內的暴露指標有母血、母親的頭髮、臍 帶血、胎盤、新生兒的血液及胎便，過去的研究發現胎便是相較於這些生 物指標中較好且非侵入性的生物指標，因此本研究只選擇胎便當作評估新 生兒在母親子宮內暴露的指標，如果可以多選擇另一個生物指標來做比 較，則可以更突顯出胎便這個生物指標勝於其他生物指標的地方。
研究發現，在新竹地區所出生的新生兒汞濃度比菲律賓Tagum 地區(礦 區)還高，且本研究發現魚的攝取會顯著胎便汞濃度(表 4-6 與 4-9)，雖然國 內報章雜誌已陸陸續續刊登「懷孕期間攝取含汞量高的魚類會帶來汞危害」
的相關資訊，但顯然並未有效的將此消息傳達給孕婦。從研究資料的基本 特性中可看出34.87%的孕婦仍會因魚類的營養價值而在懷孕期間增加魚類 的攝取，僅有 9.75%的孕婦減少攝取；因此呼籲台灣地區婦女在懷孕期間 應慎選所攝取魚的種類，避免食用含汞量高的掠食性魚類(例如：旗魚、鯊 魚、鯖魚、馬頭魚)，可減少魚汞對胎兒造成的危害。
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附件一 醫護人員填寫的問卷
新竹某醫院問卷〔醫護人員填寫〕
1. 產婦姓名：
2. 生日： 年 月 日 3. 身高： 公分
4. 懷孕前體重： 公斤
5. 最後一次產檢體重： 公斤 6. 生產週數： 週
7. 胎次：第 胎
8. 產婦懷孕前血壓 ：舒張壓/收縮壓__________________mm-Hg 9. 產婦懷孕期間血壓：舒張壓/收縮壓__________________mm-Hg 10. 新生兒性別： □男1 □女 2
11. 新生兒頭圍： 公分 12. 新生兒身長： 公分 13. 新生兒體重： 公克 原始編號：
(此欄位不須填寫)
附件二 新生兒母親填寫的問卷
同 意 書
您好，辛苦的準媽媽們：
感謝您百忙中抽空填答本問卷。臺北醫學大學公共衛生學 研究所及新竹某醫院目前正進行「新生兒體內金屬元素分析」
之研究案，也就是瞭解您 baby 胎便(糞便)中金屬元素的濃度，
希望能由此獲知台灣地區媽媽懷孕期間的生活形態及飲食與 新生兒體內金屬元素濃度、成長之間的相關。因此懇請各位媽 媽能提供您 baby 的糞便樣本，以進行分析。
感謝您的參與，您所提供的私人資料，我們絕對予以保密！
同意參與者需：
填寫問卷一份 提供 baby 的糞便
同意者請簽名：
聯絡電話： ； E-mail：
聯絡地址：
感謝您的參與 敬祝 健康 快樂！
臺北醫學大學 公共衛生研究所 簡伶朱助理教授
研究生：陳明君 新竹馬偕醫院 江椿彬醫師(小兒科)
洪芳宇醫師(婦產科)
新生兒體內金屬元素分析
一、基本資料
20.您懷孕前有食用營養補充劑嗎？
三、飲食習慣
41.請問您是否因為『懷孕』而改變對魚類的攝取？
□大增1 □增加2 □不變3 □減少4□大減5 42.懷孕時增加吃魚的原因？(可複選)
□長期以來的觀念，懷孕多吃魚對胎兒較好1
□懷孕後變得比較喜歡吃魚2 □家人或朋友建議3 □醫師建議4
□食量變大了5 □其他99 43.懷孕時減少吃魚的原因？(可複選)
□魚類可能有污染物對自己或胎兒健康有害1 □懷孕後變得不喜歡吃魚2
□食量變小3 □家人或朋友建議4 □醫師建議5 □其他99
四、認知部份
44.不論您喜不喜歡吃魚，您覺得台灣的漁產品有沒有受污染的可能性？
□有1 □沒有2 □不知道3(答沒有或不知道請跳答第 47 題) 45.您覺得污染的程度如何？
□非常嚴重1 □嚴重2 □還好3 □不嚴重4 □非常不嚴重5 46.您覺得可能有哪些污染？(可複選)
□農藥1 □重金屬(鉛、鎘、汞…)2 □多氯聯苯3 □戴奧辛4
□孔雀石綠5 □抗生素6 □其他9
47.美國環保署及食品藥物管理局在 2004 年公佈四種高汞(水銀)含量的魚 類，就是鯊魚、旗魚、馬頭魚、國王鯖魚，建議孕婦不要食用。請問您 知道這項訊息嗎？
□很清楚1 □略知2 □不知道3
48.請問您知道汞會對人體(如神經系統、肌肉、內臟)造成傷害嗎？
□知道1 □略知2 □不知道3
49.請問您知道汞會對發育中的胎兒及幼童造成危害嗎？
□知道1 □略知2 □不知道3
五、態度部分
50.對於「魚類含汞」的問題，您覺得與自己有沒有關係？
50.對於「魚類含汞」的問題，您覺得與自己有沒有關係？