第七章 結論與建議
7.2 建議
根據本研究之實驗結果，提出對於實廠操作與未來研究之建議如下：
1. 海淡廠於之全廠管線消毒頻率，夏季應高於冬季。
2. 海淡廠之 RO 序列，前端應使用抗生物性阻塞能力較高之膜，以抵 抗微生物之增生，後段則可採用較為親水之 RO 膜，主要在於減少 微生物之黏附。
3. 生物性阻塞可能為導致膜表面 Fe 元素累積之主因，並導致系統不鏽 鋼或鐵材質之銹蝕，產生之氧化鐵將於生物膜表面形成保護層，使 清洗更加困難，建議以還原劑作為RO 清洗之第一步驟。
4. 生物性阻塞與無機性結垢存在相當程度之關係，且微生物於 RO 系 統裡之生理變化及系統中存在之微生物菌種應可作更進一步探討。
5. 奈米銀具有有效之抗菌效果，未來可針對較適用之改質方式進行更 進一步研究。
6. 抗生物性阻塞之相關研究除著重於前處理與膜本身之改質外，亦可 朝spacer 之改良方向著手。
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附錄 A
菌種背景資料
Sediminibacter furfurosus是格蘭氏陰性菌，首次為學者從日本Odawara 城市海岸之海洋沉積物中分離出，屬Flavobacteriaceae科，細胞長 1.0 ~ 2.5 µm、寬 0.5~0.7 µm，較適成長溫度為 10 ~ 37 °C，以 25 ~ 30 °C為最佳，
較適成長之NaCl濃度為 1 ~ 6 % (w/v)，以 3 ~ 4 %最佳。在缺乏NaCl或NaCl 濃度大於6 % (w/v)則不成長(Khan et al., 2007)。
Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii ， 亦 名 為 Alteromonas elyakovii 或 Alteromonas elykovii，首次在俄羅斯 Troitsa Bay (日本海)所分離出，為格蘭 氏陰性菌，絕對好氧，具鞭毛之桿狀菌，直徑0.5 ~ 0.8µm，長 1.8 ~ 4.0µm，
鈉離子為其成長必須，成長於10 ~ 37℃，25 ~ 30℃為最佳，高於 40℃則不 成長(Sawabe et al., 2000)。
Marinobacter aquaeolei，格蘭氏陰性菌，細胞大小為 1.4 ~ 1.6 µm 長、
0.4 ~ 0.5 µm 寬，成長於溫度 13 ~ 50℃，以 30℃為最佳，成長所需 NaCl 濃 度為0 ~ 20%，以 5%為最佳(Huu et al., 1999)。
Thalassobius aestuarii，菌體為卵形，大小為 0.4 ~ 0.6 × 1.1 ~ 5.3 μm，
無鞭毛且不具活動力，菌落成長於好氧環境、pH 6 ~ 11 (pH 7 最佳)、1 ~ 7%
NaCl (2%最佳)及 15 ~ 35°C (35°C 最佳)，首次分離自韓國 Ganghwa 島(Yi &
Chun, 2006)。
Winogradskyella poriferorum是格蘭氏陰性菌，為桿狀菌，具快速滑動 力，絕對好氧，成長於12 ~ 44°C (4 或 52 °C不成長)、pH 6·0 ~ 10·0、NaCl 1
~ 4%，首次被分離自巴哈馬(Lau et al., 2005)。
Silicibacter lacuscaerulensis為格蘭氏陰性桿狀菌，可在 22 ~ 50 °C環境 下成長，45°C時為最佳，最佳生長NaCl 濃度為 3.5 ~ 4 %，細胞大小直徑
為0.6 ~ 0.8 μm，長度 9 ~ 18 μm，首次自冰島地熱湖Blue Lagoon分離出，
該湖泊為一富含矽元素之高鹽度湖泊(Petursdottir & Kristjansson, 1997)。
Winogradskyella thalassocola細胞大小為 4 ~ 7.3 μm長，0.5 ~ 0.7 μm寬，
成長於4 ~ 33°C，最佳為 21 ~ 23 ℃，較適成長之NaCl濃度為 1 ~ 8 %，首 次自日本海之褐藻分離出(Nedashkovskaya et al., 2005)。
Muricauda aquimarina，桿狀菌，0.2 ~ 0.5 µm寬、2.5 ~ 6.0 µm長，為格 蘭氏陰性菌，較適生長溫度為30 ~ 37℃，較適成長之NaCl濃度為 2 %，NaCl 濃度大於10%則不成長，首度自韓國東海分離出(Yoon et al., 2005)。
Halomonas glaciei，首度自澳洲沿岸結冰之海水中分離出，於 4 ~ 22℃
呈現線性成長，可耐受高至15%之 NaCl，其具有多醣類水解酵素，可將多 醣類快速水解(Reddy et al., 2003; Celussi et al., 2008)。
planctomycete GMD14H10，首度自美國東部藻海(sargasso sea)分離出。
Arenibacter troitsensis，首度自日本海 Troitsa Bay 底泥所分離出，絕對 好氧，細胞大小為0.4 ~ 0.7 µm 寬、3 ~ 5 µm 長，成長發生於 1 ~ 6% NaCl 及10 ~ 42℃(Nedashkovskaya et al., 2003)。
Halomonas gomseomensis，首度自韓國分離出，桿狀菌，大小為 0.6 ~ 0.8
× 1.8 ~ 2.4 µm，具活動性，有鞭毛，成長發生於 5 ~ 45 ℃(25 ~ 30°C最佳) 及1 ~ 20 % NaCl (8 ~ 12%最佳)(Kim et al., 2007)。
菌種之生物分類階層