依據本研究結果與討論歸納出結論與建議。(一) 當選手在執行跨步攔網著地動作 會呈現較大的垂直、前後地面反作用力，且較小的膝關節屈曲角度、較大的膝關節外 翻角度及內收力矩仍增加膝關節的負荷，而提高下肢膝關節受傷的機會。(二) 女性相 較男性在執行攔網著地動作會利用較多踝關節活動進行著地的緩衝，且在最大地面反 作用力產生瞬間會呈現較大的膝關節外翻角度，此時下肢關節需承受最大的負荷，因 此這種著地方式可能是造成女性有較高膝關節受傷的風險。(三) 不同步法攔網著地在 男性中，跨步攔網著地會呈現較大的膝關節伸肌力矩，因此利用較多髖關節的活動進 行著地緩衝，用以減少下肢膝關節過度的負荷；不同步法攔網著地在女性中，跨步攔 網著地呈現較大的膝關節最大內收力矩，會增加著地時受傷的機會。
第二節 建議
著地緩衝是利用下肢關節的活動及下肢肌群的作用完成著地動作，而各關節的活 動需靠肌肉的作用才能產生不同的動作，本研究雖透過逆動力學的方式從關節內力矩 探究其原因，但仍須了解肌肉真正活化的情形，因此未來可以藉由收集肌電訊號的資 料，更深入的了解著地動作各肌群的活化程度及時序，並可結合下肢肌群的訓練，比 較其訓練前後的差異性，更能有效提供選手在實務上的訓練依據，進而提升運動表現 減少運動傷害的發生。
55
引用文獻
李建平 (2011)。特優級排球競賽中防守反擊績效之研究。體育學報，44(1)，145-162。
陳和章 (1985)。六人制排球攔網技術理論與應用之研究。精華出版社，26-27。
張弓弘 (1993)。大專排球聯賽選手運動傷害調查與研究。中華排球，60，65-73。
張恩崇 (2005)。2005 年世界大學運動會女子排球比賽得分因素與比賽成績關聯研究。
大專體育學刊，9(2)，51-63。
葉煌典 (1982)。排球扣球動作的研析。台北：驚聲。
楊振興 (2002）。對排球各種移動步伐之初步探析。大專排球研究論文集，8，153-159 。 歐陽金樹 (1995)。排球運動傷害處理與預防。大專排球研究論集，2，171-177。
Aagaard, H., Scavenius, M. & Jorgensen, U. (1997). An epidemiological analysis of the injury pattern in indoor and in beach volleyball. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 18, 217-221.
Arendt, E., & Dick, R., (1995). Knee injury patterns among men and women in collegiate basketball and soccer. NCAA data and review of literature. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 23(6), 694-701.
Briner, W. W., & Kacmar, L. (1997). Common injuries in volleyball. Sports Medicine, 24(1), 67-71.
Bisseling, R. W., Hof, A. L., Bredeweg, S. W., Zwerver, J., & Mulder, T. (2007). Relationship between landing strategy and patellar tendinopathy in volleyball. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(7), e8.
Chappell, D. J., Yu, B., Kirkendall, D. T., & Garrett,W. E. (2002). A comparison of knee kinetics between male and female recreational athletes in stop-jump tasks. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 30, 261-267.
Cheng, Y. L., Mao, D. W., Fong, T. P., & Hong, Y. L. (2005). Comparison of landing maneuvers between skillful and unskillful female volleyball players. ISBS, 696-698.
Colby, S., Francisco, A., Yu, B., Kirkendall, D., Finch, M., & Garrett, W. (2000).
Electromyographic and kinematic analysis of cutting maneuvers. Implications for anterior
56
cruciate ligament injury. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 28(2), 234-240.
Cortes, N., Morrison, S., Van Lunen, B. L., & Onate, J. A. (2012). Landing technique affects knee loading and position during athletic tasks. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport.
15, 175-181.
De Britto, M. A., Carpes, F. P., Koutras, G., & Pappas, E. (2014). Quadriceps and hamstrings prelanding myoelectric activity during landing from different heights among male and female athletes. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 24(4), 508-512.
Devita, P., & Skelly, WA. (1992). Effect of landing stiffness on joint kinetics and energetics in the lower extremity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 24(1), 108-115.
Dufek, S., & Bates, B. T. (1991). Biomechanical factor associated with injury during landing in jump sports. Sports Medicine, 12(5), 326-337.
Decker, M. J., Torry, M. R., Wyland, D. J., Sterett, W. I., & Steadman. (2003). Gender differences in lower extremity kinematics, kinetics and energy absorption during landing.
Clinical Biomechanics, 18, 662-669.
Dufek, J. S. & Zhang, S. (1996). Landing models for volleyball players: A longitudinal evaluation. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 36, 35-42.
Ford, K. R., Myer, G. D., & Hewett, T. E. (2003). Valgus Knee Motion during Landing in High School Female and Male Basketball Players. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(10), 1745-1750.
Ford, K. R., Myer, G. D., Smith, R. L., Vianello, R. M., Seiwert, S. L., & Hewett, T. E. (2006).
A comparison of dynamic coronal plane excursion between matched male and female athletes when performing single leg landings. Clinical Biomechanics, 21, 33–40.
Ferretti, A., Papandrea, P., Conteduca, F., & Mariani P. P. (1992). Knee ligament injuries in volleyball players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 20(2), 203-207.
Freedman, K. B., Glasgow, M. T., Glasgow, S. G., & Bernstein, J. (1998). Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction Among University Students. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 356, 208-212.
Gerberich, S. G. (1987). Analysis of severe injury associated with volleyball activities. Physical and Sports Medicine, 15(8), 75-79.
Hewett, T. E., Myer, G. D., Ford, K. R., Heidt, R. S., Colosimo, A. J., & McLean, S. G. (2005).
Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study. American
57
Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(4), 492-501.
Hewett, T. E., Ford, K. R., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Myer, G. D. (2010). Understanding and preventing ACL injuries: current biomechanical and epidemiologic considerations - update 2010. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 5(4), 234-51.
Hirokawa, S., Solomonow, M., Luo, Z., Lu, Y., & D’Ambrosia, R. (1991). Muscular co-contraction and control of knee stability. Journal of Electromyogr Kinesiol, 1(3), 199-208.
Hughes, G., Watkins, J., & Owen, N. (2008). Gender differences in lower limb frontal plane kinematics. Sport Biomechanics, 7(3), 333-341.
Hughes, G., Watkins, J., & Owen, N. (2010). Differences between the sexes in knee kinetics during landing from volleyball block jumps. European Journal of Sport Science, 10(1), 1-11.
Hughes, G., Watkins, J., & Owen, N. (2010). The Effects of Opposition and Gender on Knee Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force During Landing From Volleyball Block Jumps.
Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 81(4), 384-391.
Huston, L.J., Vibert, B., Ashton-Miller, J. A., & Wojtys, E. M. (2001). Gender differences in knee angle when landing from a drop-jump. American Journal of Knee Surgery, 14(2), 215–220.
Ireland, M. L., Balantyne, B. T., Little, K., & McClay, I. S. (2001). A radiographic analysis of the relationship between the size and shape of the intercondylar notch and anterior cruciate ligament injury. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 9(4), 200-205.
Kernozek, T. W., Torry, M. R., Hoof, H. V., Cowley, H., & Tanner, S. (2005). Gender differences in frontal plane and sagittal plane biomechanics during drop landings. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37(6), 1003-1012.
Lephart, S. M., Ferris, C. M., Riemann, B. L., Myers, J. B., & Fu, F. H. (2002). Gender Differences in Strength and Lower Extremity Kinematics During Landing. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 140, 162-169.
Lobietti, R. (2009). A review of blocking in volleyball: from the notational analysis to biomechanics. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 4(2), 93-99.
Lobietti, R., Fantozzi, S., Stagni, R., & Merni, F. (2006). Kinematics analysis of landing from volleyball spike followed by block: A pilot study. Gait & Posture, 24(1), 47-48.
Lobietti, R., & Merni, F. (2006). Blocking footwork techniques used by male and female
58
volleyball players are different. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 51(5),307-320.
Lobietti, R., Fantozzi, S., Stagni, R., & Merni, F. (2008). Kinematics analysis of landing from volleyball block. Gait & Posture, 28(1), 19.
Mcnitt-Gray, J. L. (1991). Kinematics and impulse characteristics of drop landings from three heights. International journal of sport biomechanics, 7, 201-224.
Marquez, W. Q., Masumura, M., & Ae, M. (2009). The effects of jumping distance on the landing mechanics after a volleyball spike. Sports Biomechanics, 8(2),154-166.
Pappas, E., Hagins, M., Sheikhzadeh, A., Nordin, M., & Rose, D. (2007). Biomechanical differences between unilateral and bilateral landings from a jump: gender differences.
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(4), 263-268.
Pappas E., Zampeli F., Xergia S., & Georgoulis A. (2013). Lessons learned from the last 20 years of ACL-related in vivo-biomechanics research of the knee joint. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 21, 755-766.
Rozzi, S.L., Lephart, S. M., Gear, W. S., & Fu, F. H. (1999). Knee joint laxity and neuromuscular characteristics of male and female soccer and basketball players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 27(3), 312-319.
Ruiz, A. L., Kelly, M., & Nutton, R. W. (2002). Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction: a 5-9 year follow-up. Knee, 9(3), 197-200.
Salci, Y., Kentel, B. B., Heycan, C., Akin, S., & Korkusuz, F. (2004). Comparison of landing maneuvers between male and female college volleyball players. Clinical Biomechanics, 19, 622-628.
Schmitz, R. J., Kulas, A. S., Perrin, D. H., & Riemann, B. L. (2007). Sex differences in lower extremity biomechanics during single leg landings. Clinical Biomechanics, 22(6), 681-688.
Shambaugh, J. P., Klein, A., & Herbert, J. H. (1991). Structural measures as predictors of injury in basketball players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 23(5), 522-527.
Stearns, K. M., & Pollard, C. D. (2013). Abnormal frontal plane knee mechanics during sidestep cutting in female soccer athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and return to sport. American Journal of Sports Medicine, xx, x.
Tillman, M. D., Criss, R. M., Brunt, D., & Hass, C. J. (2004). Landing constraints influence ground reaction forces and lower extremity EMG in female volleyball players. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 20(1), 38-47.
59
Tillman. M. D., Hass, C. J., Brunt, D., & Bennett, G. R. (2004). Jumping and landing techniques in elite women’s volleyball. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 3, 30-36
Verhagen, E. A. L. M., Van der Beek, A. J., Bouter, L. M., Bahr, R. M., & Van Mechelen, W.
(2004). A one season prospective cohort study of volleyball injuries. British Journal of Sports Medicine , 38, 477-481
Watkins, J., & Green, B.N. (1992). Volleyball injuries: A survey of injuries of Scottish national league male players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 26, 135-137.
Yeadon, M. R., King, M. A., Forrester, S. E., Caldwell, G. E., & Pain, M. T. (2010). The need for muscle cocontraction prior to a landing. Journal of Biomechanics. 43(2), 364-369 Yeow, C.H., Lee, P.V.S., & Goh, J.C.H. (2009) . Effect of landing height on frontal plane
kinematics, kinetics and energy. Journal of Biomechanics, 42(12), 1967-1973.
Yeow, C.H., Lee, P.V.S., & Goh, J.C.H. (2010). Sagittal knee joint kinematics and energetics in response to different landing heights. The Knee, 17(2), 127-131
Zebis M. K., Andersen L. L., Bencke J., Kjaer M., & Aagaard P. (2009) Identification of athletes at future risk of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures by neuromuscular screening.
The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 37, (10), 1967-1973.
Zhang, S-N., Bates, B. T., & Dufek, J. S. (2000). Contributions of lower extremity joints to energy dissipation during landings. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 32(4), 812-819.
60
附錄一 不同步法攔網著地之時間參數資料
受試者 (M/F)
著地期時間 (ms) PVGRF 前期 (ms) PVGRF 後期 (ms)
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 216 175 52 85 164 89
M2 188 189 40 60 148 129
M3 136 131 48 68 88 63
M4 144 139 48 57 96 81
M5 160 149 56 60 104 89
M6 184 215 76 73 108 141
M7 200 187 52 69 148 117
M8 172 107 56 65 116 41
F1 136 137 64 72 72 65
F2 164 143 68 88 96 55
F3 344 368 76 88 268 280
F4 224 222 68 76 156 146
F5 180 152 64 74 116 78
F6 144 160 72 81 72 79
F7 144 148 76 76 68 72
F8 132 135 88 87 44 48
61
附錄二 不同步法攔網著地之跳躍高度與著地期重心位移資料
受試者 (M/F)
重心上下位移 (mm) 重心前後位移 (mm) 重心左右位移 (mm) 跳躍高度 (m)
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 266.33 251.14 103.07 24.72 21.17 7.56 .72 .44 M2 306.17 299.40 98.20 21.56 25.32 7.52 .89 .65 M3 215.91 211.28 34.59 25.56 4.17 7.91 .72 .61 M4 226.29 204.30 7.78 25.39 32.62 3.67 .69 .68 M5 229.69 205.33 6.25 15.59 8.02 3.54 .62 .63 M6 295.53 330.42 19.63 22.27 25.45 5.17 .70 .67 M7 275.22 266.89 14.10 13.56 3.38 17.69 .62 .63 M8 215.03 178.61 55.62 9.98 7.51 9.05 .68 .63 F1 203.11 212.69 18.19 6.20 4.47 4.60 .58 .53 F2 220.99 202.74 47.87 16.48 2.86 17.11 .49 .47 F3 391.32 431.18 15.92 30.77 31.13 12.83 .50 .48 F4 248.39 252.86 22.51 5.84 3.69 6.18 .43 .43 F5 245.69 207.62 18.21 18.52 12.18 8.21 .48 .49 F6 199.99 231.40 42.12 7.32 2.98 5.23 .51 .51 F7 219.16 213.76 9.12 15.06 7.31 7.56 .52 .54 F8 195.94 189.35 19.76 15.95 8.76 11.43 .51 .42
62
附錄三 不同步法攔網著地之標準化地面反作用力資料
受試者 (M/F)
最大垂直地面反作用力 (BW)
最大前後地面反作用力 (BW)
最大左右地面反作用力 (BW)
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 5.83 2.66 .83 .34 -.07 -.01 M2 7.57 2.77 .60 .27 -.08 -.03 M3 6.76 4.78 1.28 .95 -.02 .01 M4 4.02 4.25 1.13 .89 -.06 -.03
M5 4.13 3.83 .79 .77 .02 -.01
M6 4.88 4.09 .59 .71 -.03 -.04
M7 4.90 2.94 1.18 .58 .07 .00
M8 4.32 3.28 .91 .84 .09 .05
F1 4.53 3.64 .43 .37 .10 .11
F2 4.46 3.06 .36 .26 -.01 -.01 F3 2.37 2.12 .31 .28 -.03 .02
F4 3.98 3.12 .48 .42 .02 -.02
F5 4.10 3.39 1.10 .75 .02 .02
F6 5.15 4.69 .94 .91 .03 .06
F7 3.51 3.29 .70 .42 .05 .04
F8 3.55 3.13 .85 .58 .01 .03
63
附錄四 著地瞬間不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面關節角度資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 -4.19 -3.65 11.17 15.17 -26.02 -22.55 M2 12.77 -2.62 6.40 12.40 -22.80 -22.69 M3 13.45 4.00 14.78 13.76 -24.50 -30.66 M4 -3.94 6.15 19.56 11.85 -15.70 -27.31 M5 6.58 -1.70 9.23 12.75 -26.30 -27.52 M6 2.04 2.04 21.00 19.32 -18.72 -23.35 M7 7.30 8.90 20.32 19.61 -18.34 -22.17 M8 5.30 1.71 11.73 11.91 -23.14 -28.48 F1 -1.31 -2.34 11.45 13.61 -24.40 -25.04 F2 5.02 1.16 5.11 9.47 -38.50 -35.69 F3 5.40 4.68 13.42 13.68 -29.82 -30.59 F4 3.38 .07 5.76 6.19 -27.98 -29.54 F5 .87 -2.93 14.15 15.45 -27.72 -30.52 F6 1.90 -5.39 15.92 14.54 -26.49 -28.15 F7 .99 -3.06 12.16 12.84 -29.51 -30.29 F8 -10.89 -8.33 17.55 16.43 -36.13 -34.27
64
附錄五 PVGRF 瞬間不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面關節角度資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 10.39 11.10 34.49 42.33 19.63 28.52 M2 25.01 11.06 29.54 46.48 16.43 28.11 M3 22.56 9.84 38.89 41.05 20.46 26.14 M4 8.78 16.81 45.52 39.48 26.72 19.82 M5 18.41 9.22 37.35 41.33 22.19 26.05 M6 18.59 19.21 58.15 61.04 37.48 39.67 M7 11.68 17.26 44.58 51.35 33.03 32.02 M8 15.06 12.15 34.90 35.44 22.90 21.15 F1 9.77 10.29 41.71 46.76 26.67 29.56 F2 15.75 13.45 35.05 43.88 19.66 24.87 F3 22.22 25.08 54.22 58.65 27.97 28.31 F4 16.72 14.34 38.70 42.27 24.07 26.18 F5 7.59 2.27 43.14 45.26 27.00 28.71 F6 16.12 5.28 45.51 47.48 27.50 31.59 F7 8.46 5.46 40.80 40.35 27.79 25.91 F8 -8.95 -4.16 48.31 48.25 31.37 28.56
65
附錄六 不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面最大關節角度資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 23.91 19.37 60.21 60.95 27.46 34.30 M2 51.29 21.33 58.37 62.37 24.53 30.81 M3 32.43 18.02 58.50 54.76 26.63 29.42 M4 16.74 26.18 64.39 61.28 31.03 23.66 M5 30.46 13.01 61.61 54.81 25.53 27.03 M6 28.54 27.21 75.13 76.35 43.82 44.46 M7 26.83 25.53 74.98 71.87 41.65 36.96 M8 22.50 16.79 54.30 48.00 25.88 23.90 F1 17.20 18.68 57.09 61.29 32.81 33.97 F2 23.95 17.13 53.67 52.06 25.48 26.83 F3 52.76 60.99 82.36 89.63 33.39 33.62 F4 32.32 27.87 63.29 65.89 31.08 32.06 F5 18.17 11.81 65.81 62.37 34.74 33.16 F6 20.95 13.73 56.49 60.97 28.75 34.83 F7 14.62 11.66 58.89 57.74 31.17 31.01 F8 -2.30 1.20 59.90 58.74 33.47 31.63
66
附錄七 著地瞬間不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面關節活動範圍資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 28.10 23.02 49.03 45.78 53.48 56.85 M2 38.52 23.95 51.97 49.97 47.33 53.50 M3 18.98 14.26 43.72 41.00 51.13 60.08 M4 20.68 20.02 44.83 49.44 46.73 50.97 M5 23.87 14.71 52.38 42.06 51.83 54.55 M6 26.49 25.18 54.13 57.04 62.54 67.81 M7 19.53 16.63 54.66 52.26 59.99 59.13 M8 17.20 15.08 42.56 36.09 49.02 52.37 F1 18.50 21.02 45.64 47.68 57.21 59.00 F2 18.94 15.98 48.55 42.58 63.97 62.52 F3 47.36 56.30 68.94 75.95 63.22 64.21 F4 28.94 27.81 57.53 59.70 59.06 61.60 F5 17.30 14.74 51.66 46.92 62.46 63.68 F6 19.05 19.12 40.57 46.43 55.23 62.98 F7 13.63 14.73 46.73 44.90 60.67 61.30 F8 9.30 9.53 42.35 42.31 69.60 65.89
67
附錄八 著地瞬間不同方向攔網著地之額狀面關節角度資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 18.42 8.34 -3.40 -3.29 .51 -.24 M2 25.90 11.97 -.19 .35 -2.53 -1.91 M3 9.79 10.66 .55 .95 -1.95 -.99 M4 9.78 9.68 2.07 2.18 -7.02 -5.61 M5 18.36 13.61 1.50 1.53 -3.40 -2.23 M6 14.57 10.71 3.57 2.04 -4.27 -3.73 M7 19.34 16.97 -.79 -1.17 -1.79 -3.51 M8 10.41 12.16 -1.10 -1.13 -.68 -1.10 F1 7.31 5.95 1.10 1.64 -7.97 -6.97 F2 18.90 9.89 5.83 4.89 -.56 -.50 F3 3.18 8.18 1.99 2.76 -4.21 -4.78 F4 8.36 7.19 -.04 -.29 -4.83 -4.54 F5 17.47 13.42 5.18 3.98 1.71 2.19 F6 22.74 15.03 3.43 2.14 -1.11 -1.38 F7 16.05 12.89 -1.96 -2.99 -.16 -1.37 F8 8.98 8.56 2.61 3.14 -2.90 -3.53
68
附錄九 PVGRF 瞬間不同方向攔網著地之額狀面關節角度資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 17.11 8.29 -4.11 -1.32 6.17 6.18 M2 24.17 10.07 1.88 3.74 3.63 5.90 M3 4.92 8.23 1.14 2.97 3.41 1.26 M4 7.61 7.64 4.07 4.87 -.41 .09 M5 15.64 12.30 2.99 3.30 3.12 5.59 M6 8.06 5.07 6.04 6.34 8.45 8.35 M7 17.44 16.93 1.63 3.71 -.59 -2.46 M8 7.13 11.73 1.06 .53 -5.45 -1.50 F1 -.44 1.91 .47 1.66 10.97 10.85 F2 19.01 8.09 8.82 10.67 1.33 4.29 F3 2.00 6.33 5.96 6.95 4.59 7.59 F4 4.58 4.39 5.56 6.03 7.21 5.65 F5 15.37 11.58 9.44 8.82 2.18 5.90 F6 19.11 12.63 11.27 9.69 5.14 5.00 F7 15.21 12.76 4.52 3.20 7.66 4.63 F8 6.63 6.18 1.92 1.43 6.72 7.00
69
附錄十 不同方向攔網著地之額狀面最大關節角度資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 18.51 9.72 4.45 3.20 11.72 9.21 M2 26.25 12.33 7.49 6.28 6.61 7.48 M3 9.79 10.94 6.18 4.64 5.34 2.34 M4 9.78 9.72 8.60 10.06 3.10 2.33 M5 18.48 14.20 10.63 6.75 4.86 6.04 M6 14.63 10.72 9.96 9.47 10.26 9.76 M7 19.70 18.10 6.93 6.53 1.09 -.99 M8 11.60 12.73 6.12 3.78 -.68 -.04 F1 7.31 5.96 3.25 4.54 13.04 12.35 F2 21.21 10.83 12.82 12.62 1.70 4.66 F3 4.07 8.81 16.06 15.07 6.89 8.83 F4 9.49 8.17 11.80 12.18 9.41 7.22 F5 17.47 14.55 15.57 13.05 5.01 10.79 F6 22.74 16.43 15.26 14.46 5.39 5.96 F7 16.73 14.59 10.57 9.29 8.20 5.27 F8 8.98 8.72 2.70 3.48 7.49 7.63
70
附錄十一 著地瞬間不同方向攔網著地之額狀面關節活動範圍資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（deg） 膝關節（deg） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 8.60 4.20 8.56 6.49 11.21 9.64 M2 30.22 4.33 7.68 5.93 9.14 9.39 M3 9.99 3.88 5.63 3.71 7.37 3.91 M4 5.00 4.26 6.52 7.88 10.12 8.00 M5 4.41 3.65 9.14 5.22 8.58 8.39 M6 8.47 7.40 6.39 7.43 14.53 13.49 M7 8.67 2.76 7.73 7.70 4.26 3.69 M8 5.66 3.14 7.21 5.06 4.81 2.93 F1 13.31 7.34 3.27 3.84 21.01 19.32 F2 11.23 4.51 6.98 7.72 2.32 5.64 F3 5.19 8.35 14.07 12.31 11.11 13.61 F4 13.79 9.07 11.84 12.47 14.24 11.76 F5 5.17 4.67 10.39 9.07 4.06 11.32 F6 7.87 7.47 11.83 12.32 6.51 7.42 F7 2.43 3.83 12.53 12.29 8.36 6.64 F8 5.03 4.52 1.23 2.36 10.49 11.15
71
附錄十二 著地瞬間不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面關節力矩資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（ Nm/kg ） 膝關節（ Nm/kg ） 踝關節（ Nm/kg ）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 -1.24 -.94 .50 .44 -.22 -.08 M2 -.89 -1.05 .73 .55 -.62 -.26
M3 -.61 -.38 .01 .15 .21 .13
M4 2.78 -.06 -1.67 .06 .02 .05 M5 -.39 -.27 .26 .18 -.01 -.16
M6 .63 .64 -.32 -.46 -.18 .08
M7 -.32 -.73 .10 .38 -.24 -.07 M8 -1.88 -.53 .80 .17 -.02 -.10 F1 -.72 -.75 .32 .41 -.04 -.11 F2 -.82 -.94 .25 .55 -.16 -.21 F3 -.50 -.21 .20 .14 -.02 .01 F4 -.27 -.45 .06 .20 -.07 -.04 F5 -.43 -.28 .18 .13 -.10 .01 F6 -.21 -.29 -.01 .13 -.22 -.09 F7 -.74 -.36 .38 .10 -.01 .08 F8 -.44 -.37 .13 .11 -.09 -.02
72
附錄十三 PVGRF 瞬間不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面關節力矩資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（ Nm/kg ） 膝關節（ Nm/kg ） 踝關節（ Nm/kg ）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 -.93 1.38 -5.11 -3.58 -.89 -.96 M2 -1.12 .43 -5.95 -3.53 -2.26 -1.88 M3 -9.40 -4.55 -3.28 -3.39 -2.61 -2.41 M4 -1.71 -2.91 -4.03 -2.30 -2.01 -2.90 M5 -3.57 -2.21 -1.67 -2.65 -2.44 -2.34 M6 -3.97 -4.85 -5.54 -4.33 -5.31 -4.37 M7 -4.70 -1.77 -3.61 -2.84 -2.13 -2.05 M8 -3.92 -1.60 -1.79 -1.77 -3.04 -2.53 F1 -1.29 -.58 -3.70 -3.67 -2.96 -2.33 F2 -1.23 -.41 -3.30 -3.06 -2.18 -2.08 F3 -1.36 -.48 -2.34 -2.50 -1.56 -1.46 F4 -2.08 -1.55 -2.16 -2.01 -3.28 -2.76 F5 -3.46 -1.31 -3.00 -2.98 -1.21 -1.90 F6 -4.05 -2.47 -4.14 -4.53 -2.86 -2.99 F7 -1.35 -.59 -2.77 -2.83 -2.33 -2.39 F8 -1.89 -1.71 -2.66 -2.38 -2.48 -1.95
73
附錄十四 不同方向攔網著地之矢狀面最大關節力矩資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（ Nm/kg ） 膝關節（ Nm/kg ） 踝關節（ Nm/kg ）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 -2.82 -1.78 -5.55 -3.61 -2.07 -2.09 M2 -3.58 -1.29 -5.95 -3.58 -3.83 -2.44 M3 -9.40 -5.18 -5.50 -4.72 -3.49 -3.09 M4 -3.45 -4.50 -4.52 -3.02 -2.21 -2.73 M5 -3.57 -3.18 -3.46 -4.25 -2.90 -2.57 M6 -5.45 -5.89 -6.28 -5.14 -5.61 -4.64 M7 -4.70 -2.29 -5.04 -3.36 -2.35 -2.21 M8 -5.12 -3.86 -4.09 -3.66 -3.28 -2.72 F1 -2.24 -1.73 -3.83 -3.68 -3.32 -2.82 F2 -2.61 -1.28 -3.30 -3.08 -2.78 -2.63 F3 -1.47 -1.60 -2.90 -2.82 -1.63 -1.51 F4 -2.24 -2.05 -3.41 -3.03 -3.43 -2.76 F5 -3.46 -1.83 -4.16 -3.56 -1.70 -2.22 F6 -4.05 -2.71 -4.75 -5.27 -3.20 -3.20 F7 -2.39 -1.82 -3.44 -3.69 -2.41 -2.55 F8 -2.32 -1.75 -3.30 -3.01 -2.58 -2.02
74
附錄十五 著地瞬間不同方向攔網著地之額狀面關節力矩資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（ Nm/kg ） 膝關節（ Nm/kg ） 踝關節（ Nm/kg ）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 -.29 .02 .07 .17 .06 .05
M2 -.72 -.06 .04 .13 .11 .13
M3 -.14 .03 -.04 .03 -.01 .02
M4 -.77 -.04 -.54 -.05 .02 -.04 M5 -.43 -.31 -.22 -.06 -.05 .11
M6 -.38 .07 -.33 -.09 .00 .01
M7 -.23 .26 -.09 .12 -.01 .01
M8 .37 .49 .29 .24 .03 .25
F1 .14 .07 .09 .04 .02 .01
F2 -.18 .03 .05 .17 .04 .04
F3 -.18 -.32 .02 -.05 .03 -.03
F4 -.18 .08 .02 .11 .03 .00
F5 .08 .06 .03 .00 -.04 -.01
F6 -.09 .10 -.12 .17 -.03 .09
F7 .02 .12 .14 .08 .00 -.01
F8 .19 -.08 .06 .02 .00 .05
75
附錄十六 PVGRF 瞬間不同方向攔網著地之額狀面關節力矩資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（ Nm/kg ） 膝關節（ Nm/kg ） 踝關節（ Nm/kg ）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 -1.66 -.35 .75 -.06 -.52 -.29 M2 -1.72 -.47 -.33 -.57 -.56 -.38 M3 1.89 .03 .43 -.54 -.19 -.06 M4 -1.21 -1.31 -1.22 -1.12 -.44 -.26 M5 -2.69 -2.03 -.79 -1.01 -.13 -.22 M6 .13 -.10 -.97 -.91 -.89 -.83 M7 -.54 -1.00 .00 -.37 -.14 .01 M8 -1.00 -1.22 -.41 -.33 .09 .19
F1 1.61 .87 .59 .23 -.56 -.48
F2 .92 .41 -.57 -.71 -.25 -.27 F3 -.20 -.10 -.41 -.63 -.56 -.54 F4 -.29 -.33 -.54 -.44 -.45 -.19 F5 -1.08 -.57 -1.21 -.95 .04 -.09 F6 -1.69 -.62 -1.53 -.99 -.13 -.43 F7 -.92 -.70 -.51 -.15 .06 .15 F8 .05 -.30 -.31 -.37 -.42 -.24
76
附錄十七 不同方向攔網著地之額狀面最大關節力矩資料
受試者 (M/F)
髖關節（ Nm/kg ） 膝關節（ Nm/kg ） 踝關節（deg）
跨步 併步 跨步 併步 跨步 併步
M1 2.50 1.25 -.38 -.40 -.60 -.31 M2 2.23 .87 -.48 -.82 -.56 -.39 M3 3.29 1.54 -.72 -.81 -.20 -.13 M4 .75 .87 -1.22 -1.18 -.48 -.35 M5 .52 .65 -2.17 -2.35 -.14 -.22 M6 1.15 1.41 -2.52 -1.94 -.93 -.83 M7 1.69 .97 -1.04 -1.14 -.16 -.09 M8 .85 .88 -2.15 -2.13 -.16 .02
F1 2.26 1.62 -1.17 -.73 -.62 -.51 F2 .92 .92 -1.97 -1.19 -.28 -.27 F3 1.40 1.40 -.76 -.72 -.68 -.58 F4 .73 .66 -1.33 -1.22 -.48 -.32 F5 .08 .42 -1.75 -1.38 -.11 -.21 F6 .63 1.59 -3.02 -1.92 -.14 -.45 F7 .04 .56 -1.31 -1.20 -.06 -.02 F8 .46 .56 -.74 -.68 -.45 -.28