• 沒有找到結果。

本研究奠基於 Cull et al. (2007)與 Gonzalez (2010)的研究結果加以延伸,並以 2012 年 MIX Market 所提供的財務資料與社會績效調查問卷資料進行分析。

首先是微型金融機構的規模以及年資,成熟微型金融機構的生產力與效率皆 比較不成熟的微型金融機構來得好。此一結果與 Kodongo et al. (2013)的研究一致,

他們發現在財務方面能自給自足的微型金融機構幾乎都是大型且成熟的機構。採 用鄉村銀行模式的機構,需特別注意員工週轉率這項指標,太高將會對生產力有 嚴重的損害,相反若是保持在低的周轉率,則有助於生產力。此外若是鎖定低收 入族群,也就是最窮的階層,生產力也會有所提昇,在另外兩個借貸模式中則沒 有發現這樣的現象。

社會責任政策一向被視為是微型金融機構除了提供本業的金融服務給被忽視 的低收入族群以外,對於權益關係人 (Stakeholders)的責任與回饋。當機構對員工 的特定行為給予紅利績效獎勵時,生產力與營運效率都下降。需注意的是,營運 效率的下降並不一定對機構而言是負面的,員工激勵政策在機構的其他營運面績 效可能有正面幫助,不宜過度解讀。而當機構提供額外的非金融服務,例如教育、

健康醫療等,會使生產力提升,獲得更多客戶。此外,四項社會責任政策都不會 對 OSS 產生負面影響,這代表對追求財務自主的機構而言,多多貢獻社會並不是 一件有負擔的事情。

需注意的是,本研究所得到的發現與結論,均建立在微型金融機構所回報的 資料乃是真實現象的呈現,而非虛假的資訊。樣本數偏少也使得在估計一些變數 的參數上變得困難、統計上無顯著性,需要更多的樣本以驗證本研究的結果。此 外,在 MIX Market 所提供社會責任政策的問卷方面,單純的以是非題而非以尺度 衡量強弱關係,也使得在解讀迴歸結果時產生更多的不確定性,在這一方面需要

更進一步的資料以得出精確的結果。另一方面對微型金融機構而言,正確的自我 評估也會是管理階層的一大挑戰。然而,即使有這些潛在的問題,本研究大部分 的參數估計結果仍與文獻一致,也間接證實了 Gonzalez (2010)的研究結果。最後,

確認了雙基線關係並不一定是負向,也有正向的部分。

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