近代生理學大師 Cannon 提出所有生理機能的主要目的是要讓動物體大都經 由負回饋（negative feedback）的機制維持其內環境（internal environment）
恆定狀態（homeostasis）（Cannon, 1929）。Sterling 和 Eyer（1988）進一步提 出應變恆定狀態(allostasis)的概念，強調生物體在外界變化的環境中會透過多 種模式來維持內環境的恆定狀態（McEwen and Wingfield, 2003; Romero et al., 2009）。近年來生物科技發展迅速，對於生物體各種機能在分子生物學層面運作 機轉的了解已有大幅度的進展。然而，根據這些生理機轉所研發出來的藥物，縱 然能使生物體失調的病理狀態得以控制，但生理機能環環相扣，恢復生理狀態的 恆定，仍需靠自身各個系統的自行調適。
動物體對外界刺激產生反應、恢復生理機能恆定的過程中，大至器官系統，
小至分子化學成分都有一定的運作機轉。多年來從分子生物學角度探討生理機轉 所花費的經費人力非常龐大，但所獲得實際應用於改善健康的成果卻仍然有限。
因此，回歸最原始的觀察，從整體醫療（integrated medicine）大架構重新省 思動物的自然調適機制，從另一個角度來研究，或許比較有機會找到突破點。
本研究乃基於此種策略性思考，將重心放在動物對刺激產生反應的這個機 轉，並以動物最重要的自動調適功能「自律神經調控血液循環」為研究目標。因 此，本研究的基本構想就是探討刺激反應過程中神經與血液循環的變化，以此建 立一套研究模式，以利於後續探討動物為何對於刺激失去調適能力，以至於無法 恢復生理恆定狀態而導致各種疾病的發生。在了解動物如何藉由神經與循環系統 來達成對刺激的調適，以及其失調時所產生的病理現象後，則將有機會發展成為 一套完整的神經調節醫學，藉由物理性的人為施予刺激，來產生預期的反應，以 達到調控神經功能與改善生理機能的目的。
本研究主要的目的為建構探討動物生理病理的刺激反應所需的方法學，聚焦
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並評估此辣椒素刺激所產生的效應。
影響局部熱充血反應最大的因素是感覺神經的功能，故此測試法具有應用於 感覺神經功能評估的潛力。先前的方法採用隨機選取測試的部位，因此微血管密 度變異大，且感覺神經纖維的分佈也不同，故儘管經由最大血管擴張血流量校正 處理，其再測信度仍然不佳，因此無法應用於感覺神經功能之測試。本研究採用 預先界定測量部位的選取規則來降低感覺神經纖維分佈的變異性，於間隔一段時 間後重新定位測試部位，則其 peak CVC 及 peak CVC 改變量在測試前環境適應 達 30 分鐘時，於人體右側前臂可獲得良好的再測信度。而如果將環境適應期增 長到 60 分鐘後，也可以在左側前臂獲得可接受的再測信度。因此後續可針對正 常人與特定病人族群的特定身體部位，建立正常值範圍，並探究可否用於評估特 定病人族群的感覺神經功能，或作為長期追蹤病人感覺神經功能變化的指標。
本研究的第三個部份是利用辣椒素體表刺激，進行了上下肢解剖對稱部位的 刺激反應關聯驗證。結果顯示辣椒素刺激右下肢（小腿）30 分鐘會增強右上肢
（前臂）對應部位的局部熱充血反應，但對右上肢非對應部位及左上肢的局部熱 充血反應則不影響。在左下肢給予辣椒素刺激則對左右兩側上肢的局部熱充血反 應都不影響。如能進一步證明其確為局部交感神經興奮所致，則此刺激反應模式 建立後，便可用在驗證各刺激部位與反應部位的關聯性上，用以建立完整的刺激 反應對應圖譜。除此之外，本研究也藉助此方法，顯示上下肢之間可能存有體交 感神經反射作用，其作用不僅具有解剖上特異性之對應關係，且左右側的反應並 不相同。
以辣椒素刺激體表，在預期的對應部位可測得局部熱充血反應發生顯著改變 後，接著可反過來利用電刺激在疾病的預測對應部位作治療，以觀察電刺激對目 標部位所產生的血流量變化。本研究的第四部份採用大鼠後肢缺血之動物模式，
以電刺激大鼠前肢觀察其效應。結果顯示在兩側後肢缺血後，前肢電刺激可以造
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可以因電刺激而產生血流量的特異性改變，且其對應規則在左側與右側也不相 同。因此，利用此兩種實驗模式，未來有機會建立刺激反應的對應規則，進而發 展實用的標靶神經調節技術（targeted neuromodulation），臨床上將可運用於 治療各種與神經與血液循環系統功能失調有關的疾病。
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