從孩童時期到青春期正逢進入較大的學校與同儕環境。對於青少 年的新挑戰是建立新的友誼，以及希望在這樣大的環境中得到一些歸 屬感。整體來說，在這個階段偏差同儕無論是在家庭互動關係、子女 感受到的父母了解程度以及非法藥物使用行為中扮演著重要的角色。
青少年與家人互動關係越好，則認識偏差同儕的比例越低。還會影響 青少年進行非法藥物使用，就是青少年認識的偏差同儕比例越高，則 非法藥物使用行為越高。
從敘述統計中可得知研究對象平時會和家人相處討論所發生的 事情，也滿意家人對他們的關心方式，與家人互動關係大部分還算良 好。若讓家人得知青少年平時多接觸了偏差同儕，而使得家人們會多 加以關心他們，而產生對青少年從事非法藥物使用行為上有制止的作 用。另一方面，家人在關心的過程中，家人們可以從青少年自我揭露 於偏差同儕中觀察到的行為與觀念，而適時教育青少年正確的知識與 信念，使得青少年感覺到父母對自己的了解程度增加，進而對從事非 法藥物使用行為上有了制止作用。
依據本研究結果建議：1.建議學校的心輔中心，發現青少年的家 庭關係互動不良者，提供關心或是家庭教育課程，加強青少年與家人 的溝通互動技巧。2.偏差同儕對於青少年使用藥物的影響力大，建議
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教育部與衛生署相關單位可策畫衛教宣導課程或手冊，加強青少年藥 物的認知，使青少年了解使用非法藥物在生理與心理上造成的影響。
3.建議教育部與學校心輔中心，能計畫青少年認識自我或是人際關係 課程，加強青少年分析自我需求的能力，以及同儕壓力或邀約的情境 辨別能力與拒絕技巧。
49
50
食品藥品管理局（2011a）。臺灣地區在校青少年用藥種類比例順位。
取自 http：//www。fda。gov。tw/gov_home_list。aspx?govcode=04 食品藥品管理局（2011b）。台灣地區歷年學者所做之年輕族群藥物濫
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