第六章 結 論
一、 葛根素對學習記憶過程之影響：葛根素對學習獲得障礙誘發劑之作 用，對於乙醯膽鹼毒蕈鹼接受器拮抗劑 scopolamine 無改善作用，但 對乙醯膽鹼尼古丁接受器拮抗劑 mecamylamine、sertonin 釋放促進劑 p-chloroamphetamine 及非 NMDA 接受器拮抗劑 MK-801 等具明顯改善 作用。
二、 葛根素對改善 CXM 誘發記憶鞏固障礙之作用機轉：此改善作用均可被
毒蕈鹼接受器拮抗劑 SCOP、尼古丁接受器拮抗劑 MECA 及 serotonin 釋放促進劑 PCA 拮抗；進一步，其改善作用亦可被突觸後 5-HT2接受器 致效劑 DOI、非選擇性突觸後α接受器拮抗劑 phenoxybenzamine 及非 選擇性突觸後
β
接受器拮抗劑 propanolol 拮抗，但無法被 5-HT1A接受 器致效劑 8-OH-DPAT 所拮抗。三、 葛根素改善學習記憶障礙作用與中樞神經系統及突觸前或突觸後接受 器之關係：葛根素經腦室給藥後，在 5,7-DHT 破壞 dorsal raphe 後，
對 CXM 誘發大鼠記憶鞏固之障礙仍具改善作用，但在 6-OHDA 破壞 locus coeruleus 後，只在 10
µ
g 劑量下具改善作用(p<0.01)，但仍 比假手術組的改善作用明顯下降。另外，葛根素經腦室給藥後，於側 腦室給與 cholinergic neurotoxin AF64A 誘發大鼠學習記憶障礙亦 具拮抗作用。綜合上述結果，顯示葛根素可增強記憶形成過程中的學習獲得及記憶獲 得，其作用機轉可能直接作用於中樞 cholinergic system 或間接經由中樞 noradrenergic system、serotonergic system 及 exitatory amino acid system 之調節而影響中樞 cholinergic system 改變 Ach 之活性所致；亦 與蛋白質之合成有關。
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