害蟲的發生密度是受蟲源密度、寄主的合適度以及環境的舒適度 的綜合影響，其中有任何一個環節不能配合，則其發生密度就將受到 限制。目前推行的害蟲綜合防治的概念即由此發展出來，即使用各種 可能抑制害蟲的方法融合成為一個體系，將害蟲族群抑制於可能造成 經濟危害損失之下。在此體系中，於環境因素相同的情況下，寄主作 物對害蟲的抗或感性就成為影響害蟲發生程度的主要因素。由於栽植 抗蟲品種並不增加任何費用於生產者，同時對人、畜及環境不具危險 性，更可配合其他任何防治方法使用而獲得相乘的防治效力。在生態 環境品質日益受重視，倡導農業永續經營的今日，抗蟲品種的開發與 利用更顯重要。
然而以抗蟲品種作為防治策略的一環亦有其難以克服的困難，如 抗蟲種源之獲得不易，害蟲的大量繁殖技術有待克服，育成一個可被 農民接受的抗蟲品種曠日費時，且大面積推廣後難免會被產生之有害 之生物小種所瓦解，以致前功盡棄。由此可知，若欲利用抗蟲品種為 害蟲防治的基礎，需有一合作團隊在政策及經費的持續支持下方可達 成。從國際上利用抗蟲品種於蟲害防治的事例中，不難發現無論在作 物種或害蟲種類均在急速增加中。利用抗病、蟲品種除可降低作物之 生產成本，增加國際競爭力外，同時亦可降低使用農藥對生態環境的 衝擊。如國際稻米研究所已育成15 種水稻品種同時對 7 至 8 種主要病
蟲害具中等以上之抵抗性，推廣於東南亞數百萬公頃水稻種植區(Panda
& Khush, 1995)。栽植此類水稻品種，農民幾乎不需使用農藥即可獲得 穩定的生產。惟上述之多抗性品種僅適於熱帶地區栽培之秈稻，並不
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