1 二、克漏字選擇
Topic 1 虛主詞 It 的用法
相信大家都還記得，「it」這個代名詞用來替代非生物或動植物，中文是「它；
牠」之意，可當句子裡的主詞或受詞。然而，it 還有另一種用法，我們稱它「虛
主詞」。顧名思義，此刻的 it 在句中雖然貌似主詞，其實真正的主詞並不是 it，
而是句中的其他字詞，因此我們稱此處的 it 為「虛主詞」。那麼，虛主詞 it 有
哪些用處呢？且看以下說明。
一、虛主詞 It 的使用及句型
1. 表達「人格特質」的形容詞，習慣會用虛主詞 It 開頭來造句。而要表達“對 某人而言”，則要加 of + 人。其句型如下：
It + be 動詞 + nice / kind / bad + of 人 + to V…
例1：It is nice of you to help Jack.（你人真好，幫助 Jack。）
例2：It is kind of Amy to teach me English.（Amy 人真好，教我英文。）
2. 與「事物」有關的形容詞，習慣會用虛主詞 It 開頭來造句。而要表達“對某 人而言”，則要加 for + 人。其句型如下：
It + be 動詞 + possible / easy / important / hard / difficult / impossible + for 人 + to V…
例1：It is hard for him to ride a bike.（對他而言，騎腳踏車很難。）
例2：It is important for me to pass the English quiz.（對我而言，通過英語小 考是重要的。）
擴充文法概念 You are the best﹗
※選擇題
（ ） 1. It is difficult ______ to study hard.
(A) for her (B) of her (C) to her (D) from her
（ ） 2. It is bad ______ to smoke in the room.
(A) to her (B) on her (C) for her (D) of her
（ ） 4. It is hard ______ to speak English.
(A) of Paul (B) to Paul (C) on Paul (D) for Paul 隨堂小練習
1
二、虛主詞與不定詞及動名詞的互換
不定詞與動名詞當主詞的句子都能以「虛主詞It」開頭的句子來替換，以下分
別介紹替換的句型。
1. 不定詞當主詞時，倘若那個不定詞太長，可以用虛主詞 It 開頭，把真主詞
（不定詞）移到後面。其句型如下：
To V… + be 動詞 + adj. = It + be 動詞 + adj. + to V…
例1：To ride a bike along this road is comfortable.（沿著這條路騎腳踏車很舒 服。）
= It is comfortable to ride a bike along this road.
例2：To swim in the river is very dangerous.（在河裡游泳非常危險。）
= It is very dangerous to swim in the river.
例3：To play computer games is interesting.（玩電腦遊戲很有趣。）
= It is interesting to play computer games
例4：To run fast is hard for May.（對 May 而言，跑快很難。）
= It is hard for May to run fast.
2. 動名詞當主詞：
V-ing… + be 動詞 + adj. = It + be 動詞 + adj. + to V…
例1：Playing computer games is interesting.（玩電腦遊戲很有趣。）
= It is interesting to play computer games.
例2：Speaking English is easy for him.（對他而言，說英文很容易。）
= It is easy for him to speak English.
※選擇題
（ ） 1. Talking to Ken is very boring. = It is very boring ______ to Ken.
(A) talking (B) to talk (C) talk (D) for talking
（ ） 2. To play in the river is dangerous（危險的）. = It is dangerous ______ in the river.
(A) play (B) playing (C) to play (D) to playing 隨堂小練習
一、單選題
（ ） 1. It is fun ______ basketball with friends.
(A) playing (B) plays (C) to play (D) play
（ ） 2. It is good for ______ to get a lot of exercise.
(A) we (B) us (C) our (D) I
（ ） 3. Speaking English well ______ not easy.
(A) is (B) are (C) does (D) do
（ ） 4. It is not ______ for me to make up my mind.
(A) easily (B) easier (C) easiest (D) easy
（ ） 5. It is important ______ you to go to bed early.
(A) to (B) of (C) for (D) at
（ ） 6. ______ the floor is difficult for Tom.
(A) Mops (B) Mopping (C) To mopping (D) Mop
（ ） 7. ______ a hot bath is great.
(A) To taking (B) To take (C) Take (D) Takes
（ ） 8. It is nice ______ Ben to take me to Taipei with him.
(A) of (B) on (C) in (D) for
（ ） 9. ______ people is important for him.
(A) Helps (B) Help (C) To helping (D) To help
（ ）10. It is possible（可能的） ______ the boy not to talk in the class.
(A) of (B) for (C) to (D) on
（ ）11. ______ up early in cold winter is really not easy.
(A) Get (B) Gets (C) Getting (D) To getting
（ ）12. It is hard ______ them not to watch TV every day.
(A) for (B) of (C) on (D) in
綜合練習 第 1 回
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（ ）13. It is kind ______ your neighbor to give us many papayas.
(A) of (B) on (C) for (D) in
（ ）14. To listen to English songs ______ fun.
(A) are (B) is (C) does (D) can
（ ）15. It is comfortable ______ in the garden in the afternoon.
(A) walking (B) are walk (C) walks (D) to walk
（ ）16. It is impossible（不可能的）______ the woman’s life.
(A) changes (B) change (C) to change (D) changing
（ ）17. It ______ not terrible to learn history.
(A) is (B) are (C) does (D) do
（ ）18. It is right ______ her to go to the movie theater early.
(A) at (B) for (C) on (D) in
（ ）19. It is dangerous（危險的）______ on the street.
(A) play (B) playing (C) to play (D) plays
（ ）20. It is impolite（不禮貌的）______ in a public（公眾的）place.
(A) smoking (B) to smoke (C) smokes (D) smoke
二、句子重組
1. interesting / . / It / story / is / her / to / hear
2. easy / with / a / . / fork / son / is / for / Eating / my
3. her / It / is / lovely / of / to / . / people / help / poor
4. chair / sit / . / comfortable / on / this / is / To
5. carry / is / my / refrigerator / . / for / son / to / impossible（不可能的）/ It / a
三、翻譯題
1. It is kind of you to tell me the way to museum.
2. It is comfortable to lie（躺）on the grass.
3. It is important for us to jog every day.
4. Going to Taipei by train is convenient.
5. To win the race is easy for him.
1
一、填空
1. It is convenient for people in Taipei ________________ (take) MRT to work.
2. ________________ (finish) doing homework is easy for the girl.
3. It is important for students ________________ (learn) English well.
4. ________________ (remember) the words is necessary（需要的）.
5. It is important for ________________ (she) to go to the party.
6. It is hard for Jack ________________ (finish) the homework.
7. ________________ (work) with John is fun.
8. It is nice of her ________________ (practice) playing badminton with me.
9. It is possible（可能的）for him ________________ (eat) five plates of noodles.
10. ________________ (teach) children to play Frisbee is fun.
二、改錯
（ ） 1. It is bad for him to cheat（戲弄、欺騙）us.
（ ） 2. It is not easy for my dad kissing us every day.
（ ） 3. It is impossible（不可能的）for we to count the red beans.
（ ） 4. It is difficult of her to talk to a foreigner.
（ ） 5. Keeping healthy is important of me.
（ ） 6. It is kind of your mom inviting me to your party.
（ ） 7. Take a bath after an exercise is comfortable.
（ ） 8. It is hard of my brother to move the heavy couch.
（ ） 9. To take good photos are easy for the prince.
（ ）10. It is nice of you to waiting for me.
綜合練習 第 2 回
三、依提示作答
1. How is it to swim in the sea?（請以「危險的」詳答）
2. How is he?（請以「他人真好，修理我的車」詳答）
3. How is the student?（請以「他人真壞，踢那隻狗」詳答）
4. What is difficult for you?（請以「save money 存錢」詳答）
5. What is interesting for your brother?（請以「玩電腦遊戲」詳答）
四、翻譯題
1. 玩水很有趣。
2. 搭公車是安全的。
3. 拉小提琴不是容易的。
4. 那個男孩人真好，幫了那女孩。
5. 對我而言，保持健康是重要的。
單字進度：Boyo Fun English 800 Words L28L30
文章單字：landscape 景色；so 所以；refreshing 清涼的；fishing 釣魚；ready 準備好的 文章說明：
短文裡面說到了一些跟心情感覺有關的形容詞，如 glad。每次要表達情 緒時就詞窮嗎?讓我們來看一些可用來表達情緒的字詞：
excited 興奮的、cheerful 高興的、panic 慌張的、nervous 緊張的、anxious 焦 慮的、disappointed 失望的、depressed 沮喪的
Bob and Tim’s uncle has been living in the country for many years. The landscape in the country is lovely. Bob and Tim love it so much, so they have decided to visit their uncle next month.
Bob：I really enjoy the fresh air and clear sky in the country. They really make me feel comfortable and glad.
Tim：I also love them so much. Ah, the river is so clean and cool, too. I enjoy playing the water there and standing inside it is refreshing.
Bob：I agree with you! The fish in the river are very big, too! I remember the fishing time. We got lots of fish last year!
Tim：Yah, summer is the best fishing time. I have been ready to enjoy it!
學習情報站
※必備文法概念：
Topic □
1
動詞三態 Topic □2
現在完成式 現在完成式的使用時機 現在完成式句型–肯定句
現在完成式句型–否定句 現在完成式句型–疑問句 Topic □
3
現在完成進行式 現在完成進行式的使用時機
現在完成進行式句型