Key to species of Neohydatothrips in Taiwan

1. Antennae 7-segmented ... plynopygus -- Antennae 8-segmented ... 2 2. Forewing lower vein without seta ... 3 -- Forewing lower vein with 1-2 setae ... 4 3. Forewing brown with subbasal, median and apical transparent areas ... samayunkur -- Forewing brown, with basal transparent area ... 5 4. Abdominal tergites with IV and V yellow, tergites I-III and VI with brown semi-elliptical

areas clearly separated from median yellow areas ... tabulifer -- Abdomen yellow, tergites II-VI with lateral brown areas posterior to antecostal ridge ...

... gracilipes 5. Pronotal reticulations outside blotch strongly transverse with ratio of length/width >10,

abdominal tergites V and VI in light color ... medius -- Pronotal reticulations outside blotch transverse with ratio of length/width about 3-4,

abdominal tergites VI in light color ... surrufus significant on tergite VII; posterior comb on tergite VIII even and complete. Sternites without

discal setae.

Male unknown.

Distribution: Taiwan.

Habitat: Murraya paniculata.

Fig. 35. Hydatothrips meriposa (♀) A. antenna; B. forewing; C. head; D. pronotum; E. meso- and mtenotum; F. tergites III and IV; G. tergites VI-VIII.

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Genus Neohydatothrips John

Neohydatothrips John, 1929: 33. Type species: Neohydatothrips latereostriatus John.

For convenient, Hydatothrips and Neohydatothrips are taken as genera as the old system.

Kudo (1997) take Hydatothrips, Neohydatothrips as well as Kazinothrips and Zonothrips as subgenus of Hydatothrips. This genus is separated from Hydatothrips by metasternum not divided into 2 parts. About 105 species in the world.

Key to species of Neohydatothrips in Taiwan

1. Antennae 7-segmented ... plynopygus -- Antennae 8-segmented ... 2 2. Forewing lower vein without seta ... 3 -- Forewing lower vein with 1-2 setae ... 4 3. Forewing brown with subbasal, median and apical transparent areas ... samayunkur -- Forewing brown, with basal transparent area ... 5 4. Abdominal tergites with IV and V yellow, tergites I-III and VI with brown semi-elliptical

areas clearly separated from median yellow areas ... tabulifer -- Abdomen yellow, tergites II-VI with lateral brown areas posterior to antecostal ridge ...

... gracilipes 5. Pronotal reticulations outside blotch strongly transverse with ratio of length/width >10,

abdominal tergites V and VI in light color ... medius -- Pronotal reticulations outside blotch transverse with ratio of length/width about 3-4,

abdominal tergites VI in light color ... surrufus significant on tergite VII; posterior comb on tergite VIII even and complete. Sternites without

discal setae.

Male unknown.

Distribution: Taiwan.

Habitat: Murraya paniculata.

Fig. 35. Hydatothrips meriposa (♀) A. antenna; B. forewing; C. head; D. pronotum; E. meso- and mtenotum; F. tergites III and IV; G. tergites VI-VIII.

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Fig. 36. Hydatothrips gracilips (♀) A. forewing; B. head; C. pronotum; D. meso- and metanotum; E.

tergites II and III; F. tergites VI-VIII.; G. metasternum.

Neohydatothrips gracilips (Hood)

Female body length 1.2-1.3 mm on slide. Body generally yellow, pronotal blotch with brown markings; abdominal tergites II–VII with dark brown antecostal ridge, also brown areas laterally on these segments behind antecostal ridges; antennal segments grayish brown, III and basal halves of IV and V paler; legs grayish yellow; forewing

grayish yellow with a subbasal pale band.

Head short, cheeks about same length as compound eyes; interocellar setae situated behind anterior ocellus, inside ocellar triangular area. Antennae 8-segmented, III and IV with forked sense cone, V and VI with linear sense area, segment VII about half the length of VIII.

Pronotal blotch weakly sclerotized without a clear margin, posteroangular pair of setae on blotch well-developed, about same length as blotch. Mesonotum and metanotum with dense transverse or longitudinal striae. Anterior margin of metasternum straight. Forewing upper vein setae complete, lower vein without setae.

Abdominal tergites II–VII with posteromarginal combs present laterally but not medially;

tergites VII and VIII with long and complete posteromarginal comb. Sternites I–VII with complete posteromarginal comb, without discal setae.

Male: unknown.

Distribution: Taiwan, Mexico, Costa Rica, Trinidad, Jamaica, Australia, Thailand, India.

Habitat: Malvaceae ( particularly species of Sida), many specimens were taken in Taiwan from cotton (Gossypium indicum), the plant from which this thrips was originally described.

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Fig. 36. Hydatothrips gracilips (♀) A. forewing; B. head; C. pronotum; D. meso- and metanotum; E.

tergites II and III; F. tergites VI-VIII.; G. metasternum.

Neohydatothrips gracilips (Hood)

Female body length 1.2-1.3 mm on slide. Body generally yellow, pronotal blotch with brown markings; abdominal tergites II–VII with dark brown antecostal ridge, also brown areas laterally on these segments behind antecostal ridges; antennal segments grayish brown, III and basal halves of IV and V paler; legs grayish yellow; forewing

grayish yellow with a subbasal pale band.

Head short, cheeks about same length as compound eyes; interocellar setae situated behind anterior ocellus, inside ocellar triangular area. Antennae 8-segmented, III and IV with forked sense cone, V and VI with linear sense area, segment VII about half the length of VIII.

Pronotal blotch weakly sclerotized without a clear margin, posteroangular pair of setae on blotch well-developed, about same length as blotch. Mesonotum and metanotum with dense transverse or longitudinal striae. Anterior margin of metasternum straight. Forewing upper vein setae complete, lower vein without setae.

Abdominal tergites II–VII with posteromarginal combs present laterally but not medially;

tergites VII and VIII with long and complete posteromarginal comb. Sternites I–VII with complete posteromarginal comb, without discal setae.

Male: unknown.

Distribution: Taiwan, Mexico, Costa Rica, Trinidad, Jamaica, Australia, Thailand, India.

Habitat: Malvaceae ( particularly species of Sida), many specimens were taken in Taiwan from cotton (Gossypium indicum), the plant from which this thrips was originally described.

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tergites I-IV close to each other and on V-VIII further apart. Sublateral of antecostal ridge on tergite II-VII with forwardly protruded spots, more significant on tergite VII. Anterior portion of sternite VII protruding forward. Without discal setae.

Male body length 0.8 mm on slide. Structure and color similar to female; abdominal sternites without glandular area; tergite IX with 4 pairs of long setae; tergite X with microtrichia.

Distribution: Taiwan.

Habitat: Cannamomum camphora, grasses.

Fig. 37. Hydatothrips medius (♀) A. right antenna; B. head; C. pronotum; D. forewing; E. tergite IV; F.

tergite V.

Neohydatothrips medius Wang

Neohydatothrips pectinarius Kudo, 1997; Jap J. Systematic Ent. 3(2): 338-339.

Female body length 1.2 mm on slide. Head and thorax dark brown, laterals of abdominal tergites I-IV dark brown, median light brown; tergites V and VI whitish to yellowish brown, tergites VII-X dark brown; antecostal ridges dark brown. Antennal segments I and II whitish yellow, III grayish brown, IV grayish yellow but distal end grayish brown, basal 1/2 of V grayish yellow and distal end grayish brown, VI-VIII brown; femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi grayish yellowish brown; forewings brown with subbasal portion transparent.

Head short, anterior margin of occiput touch posterior margin of compound eyes, occiput longer than the rest of head, dense transverse striae on anterior portion, smooth but with minute black dots near posterior margin; reticulations on head and occiput with minute wrinkles.

Interocellar setae situated in front of posterior ocelli. Mouth cone reach anterior margin of mesosternum; maxillary palpi 3-segmented. Antennae 8-segmented, segments III and IV with forked sense cone, VI and VII with linear sensory area, II-VI with microtrichia.

Pronotal blotch covered with dense transverse striae, 4 pairs of anterior marginal setae, one pair of lateral setae, one pair of posterior angular setae, one pair of posterior marginal setae;

marginal area of pronotum around the blotch with dotted transverse striae. Dense transverse striae on mesonotum and metanotum with dotted wrinkles. Forewing upper vein setae 3+18, lower vein with 2 distal setae.

Laterals of abdominal tergites I with dense microtrichia and posterior comb; microtrichia on laterals of tergites II-IV stronger and with minute longitudinal wrinkles; tergites V-VIII with microtrichia but median of V and VI smooth; posterior marginal comb on II-VII longer on laterals and very short on median; comb on tergite VIII even and complete. Median pair setae on

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tergites I-IV close to each other and on V-VIII further apart. Sublateral of antecostal ridge on tergite II-VII with forwardly protruded spots, more significant on tergite VII. Anterior portion of sternite VII protruding forward. Without discal setae.

Male body length 0.8 mm on slide. Structure and color similar to female; abdominal sternites without glandular area; tergite IX with 4 pairs of long setae; tergite X with microtrichia.

Distribution: Taiwan.

Habitat: Cannamomum camphora, grasses.

Fig. 37. Hydatothrips medius (♀) A. right antenna; B. head; C. pronotum; D. forewing; E. tergite IV; F.

tergite V.

Neohydatothrips medius Wang

Neohydatothrips pectinarius Kudo, 1997; Jap J. Systematic Ent. 3(2): 338-339.

Female body length 1.2 mm on slide. Head and thorax dark brown, laterals of abdominal tergites I-IV dark brown, median light brown; tergites V and VI whitish to yellowish brown, tergites VII-X dark brown; antecostal ridges dark brown. Antennal segments I and II whitish yellow, III grayish brown, IV grayish yellow but distal end grayish brown, basal 1/2 of V grayish yellow and distal end grayish brown, VI-VIII brown; femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi grayish yellowish brown; forewings brown with subbasal portion transparent.

Head short, anterior margin of occiput touch posterior margin of compound eyes, occiput longer than the rest of head, dense transverse striae on anterior portion, smooth but with minute black dots near posterior margin; reticulations on head and occiput with minute wrinkles.

Interocellar setae situated in front of posterior ocelli. Mouth cone reach anterior margin of mesosternum; maxillary palpi 3-segmented. Antennae 8-segmented, segments III and IV with forked sense cone, VI and VII with linear sensory area, II-VI with microtrichia.

Pronotal blotch covered with dense transverse striae, 4 pairs of anterior marginal setae, one pair of lateral setae, one pair of posterior angular setae, one pair of posterior marginal setae;

marginal area of pronotum around the blotch with dotted transverse striae. Dense transverse striae on mesonotum and metanotum with dotted wrinkles. Forewing upper vein setae 3+18, lower vein with 2 distal setae.

Laterals of abdominal tergites I with dense microtrichia and posterior comb; microtrichia on laterals of tergites II-IV stronger and with minute longitudinal wrinkles; tergites V-VIII with microtrichia but median of V and VI smooth; posterior marginal comb on II-VII longer on laterals and very short on median; comb on tergite VIII even and complete. Median pair setae on

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on the World list of Thysanoptera (Mound, 2007) but has not previously been formally published. There are specimens of this species in the Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, from Bali and from northern Australia. (Wang, 2007)

Fig. 38. Hydatothrips plynopygus (♀) A. forewing; B. head; C. pronotum; D. meso- and metanotum; E tergites III and IV; F. tergites VI-VIII; G. sternites VI and VII.

Neohydatothrips plynopygus (Karny)