Curriculum Framework
Secondary 1 Knowledge
context
Learning element
Content Information and
Communication Technology
(K1) Computer System
Hardware and software
• Hardware components of a computer system may include input unit, storage unit, central processing unit, and output unit
• The need for and functions of different input/output devices
• Advantages and disadvantages of screen and printer output in different situations
• Basic ideas of different types of computer software
Properties and functions of usual components
• Properties and functions of the hardware components and their interrelationship
• Interconnections between various units and the direction of data flow between these units
• Basic units of a central processing unit (CPU) and their roles; the use of binary code in information processing and storage
• Types of storage: main memory and secondary storage/backing store
• Distinction between random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM)
• Secondary storage devices: needs, media and units
• The use of operating system and application software
• Basic ideas on Chinese character processing, such as characteristics of Chinese input methods, internal codes for Chinese characters, need for customised Chinese characters
• The use of Chinese input methods to input Chinese characters
• Types of computer systems with reference to hardware properties and the advancement of technology
• Current and future development of computer technology
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content Materials and
Structures
(K3)
Materials and Resources
Types and nature of common materials
• Identification of some common materials and understand their uses in daily life
• Distinction between naturally-occurring and man-made materials, such as metals, woods, and plastics
• Identification of characteristics of material resources, such as synthetic, composite and biological
• Classification of materials by their properties and sources
• Explanation on what certain materials are useful for, and give examples
Appropriate application of resources for design work
• Exploration on how the choice of materials depends upon their properties and
characteristics, and how they interact with other materials in a design/product
(K4)
Structures and Mechanisms
Simple properties of structures and movement
• Basic concepts on nature of forces and types of loads acting on structures, i.e.
compression, tension, bending, torsion and shearing
• Elements of structure in the state of equilibrium as result of action of forces in different types of structures
• Recognition of some characteristics of movement
Different structure design for various needs
• Understanding of different structural designs can lead to different loading capacities
• Classification and identification of various types of structures according to their needs, i.e. arch, frame, beam and box
Use of mechanisms for transmission and control of movements
• Understanding of the simple Input-process-output mode in mechanical design - “Black Box” Method
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content Operations and
Manufacturing
(K5) Tools and Equipment
Protective Clothing
• Importance in wearing appropriate protective dress and clothing in workshops/special rooms for TE learning
Choice, use and care of tools equipment and chemicals
• Health and safety issues in working
environment - proper use and storage of tools
& equipment, machine operation, electrical safety, and handling of chemical & chemical waste
Working attitude
• Health and safety issues in working environment
Good housekeeping of work area
• Safety measures (i.e. safety, rules and regulation, and code of practice) within the working environment
Safe use of tools and equipment
• Explanation and demonstration on how basic hand tools are used to process materials (e.g.
cutter, screwdriver, and saw)
Appropriate choice and use of tools, equipment and machines for realisation of design solution
• Application of a range of tools to implement solutions to design problems
- Measuring tools - Marking tools - Holding tools - Cutting tools (K6)
Production Process
Basic elements of Design
• Design fundamentals
• Aesthetic, Visual language and ergonomics
• Drawing instruments, basic drawing techniques and conventions of drawing
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content
Design consideration
• Examples on design & make of daily products
• The nature and concept of design
• Disassembly & critics of simple
technological product parts, materials, and working principles
• Basic consideration factors in design:
material used, colour & shape, size & weight, function and aesthetic
• Introduction of humans factors in design:
ease of use, safety and ergonomics
• Explanation on how technologies may have positive & negative impacts on ethical issues related to people
• Examples on how technology influences business & daily life, in respect of
environmental issues and possible ways of protection
• Environmental issues related to design, production and sales of product
Production process in various fields
• Appropriate processing methods on a range of materials in a safe and correct manner for making products and systems
• Examples on a range of equipment that is used in production process, e.g. laser cutter and 3D printer
Systems and Control
(K8) Concepts of System
Input, process and output
• Various forms of systems: mechanical, electrical, electronic, pneumatic, and computing as well as their principles of operation
• Analysis and identification of control systems as input, process and output elements and feedback
(K9)
Application of Systems
Mechanical, electrical, electronic and pneumatic control systems
• Advantages and limitations of using mechanical, electrical, electronic and pneumatic control systems
• Applications of different control systems in everyday life
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content Technology and
Living
(K10) Food and Nutrition
Dietary goals and eating habits
• Importance of health to personal physical, mental and social well-being
• Dietary goals and food pyramid for teenagers
• Importance of balanced diet
• Basic idea and application of good eating habit and balanced diet in daily life Food groups
• Functions and sources of body-building food, energy-giving food, protective food, water and dietary fibre
• Types, nutritive value, choice and storage of food commodities (e.g. milk, eggs, meat, fish, soya bean products, vegetables, fruits, cereals)
• Food labelling requirements of pre-packaged food
Meal planning
• Meal planning and meal pattern for Chinese and Western breakfasts, one-course meal for lunch/dinner
• Types of dishes for meals (e.g. beverage, soup, main dish, snacks, desserts,
accompaniment)
• Way of serving meals and meal presentation using simple garnishes and decoration
• Table setting and appropriate table manner (K11)
Food
Preparation and Processing
Hygiene and safety
• Importance of hygienic and safe practices in food preparation and processing
• Basic principles and adaptation of safety and hygienic practices (e.g. personal hygiene, proper use of utensils and equipment)
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content
Principles of food preparation and processing
• Basic principles and purposes of food preservation including causes, effects and prevention of food spoilage, and preservation methods (e.g. pasteurisation, refrigeration)
• Basic principles of heat transference including conduction and convection
• Types and basic cooking methods including boiling, steaming, stewing, grilling, stir-frying and microwave cooking
• Use, care and cleaning of basic and labour saving kitchen equipment including utensils, kitchen gadgets, saucepans, cooking stoves and microwave oven
• Importance and design of protective clothing, care and cleaning of aprons for kitchen safety and food hygiene
Skills in food preparation and processing
• Basic terminologies used in recipes, methods of weighing and measuring ingredients
• Time plan for preparing, cooking and serving a dish
• Basic food preparation techniques including peeling, slicing, shredding, dicing, chopping and dough making
• Safe practices in cooking using moist heat and dry heat methods
• Proper ways for food tasting
• Working habits and organisation of work in food preparation
(K12) Fabric and Clothing Construction
Choice of fabric in relation to the design and construction
• Basic design process
• Classification of fibres and properties (e.g.
natural, man-made and synthetic fibres)
• Types, use and care of fabrics including cotton and linen
• Identification of fibres and fabrics using simple apparatus and experiments (e.g.
magnifying glass, burning tests, tensile strength)
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content
Pattern and garment construction
• Importance and basic principles of pattern drafting for articles/garments
• Pattern drafting including basic body measurement, drafting of basic blocks (e.g.
skirt/shorts), pattern styling/adaptation (e.g.
skirts/shorts) and pattern specifications
• Basic sewing techniques including the use of sewing machines (threading, straight
stitching), basic sewing stitches (e.g. tacking, running, back, hemming/slip hemming) and simple embroidery stitches (e.g. chain, blanket)
• Basic garment construction technology to meet specific purposes including seam and seam neatening (e.g. open seam), disposal of fullness (e.g. darts, gathers), treatment of raw edges (e.g. hem), fastenings (e.g. button, hook and eye/bar), opening (e.g. semi-concealed zip), pocket (e.g. patch), trimmings and decoration (e.g. lace, appliqué)
• Working habits and systematic work practices for garment construction (K13)
Fashion and Dress Sense
Fashion trend and development
• Basic elements of fashion trend and examples
• Principles of fashion design including design concepts (e.g. use of forms and shapes) and design elements (e.g. primary and secondary colour)
• Design presentation including drawing design sketch/figure drawing with front and back view of the garments
• Appreciation of a design by studying the use of forms and shapes on figure
• Application of the design cycle in textile product development and fashion design by considering different needs, e.g. cultural and social, functional, aesthetic, economic, health and safety, ergonomic
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content
Choice of clothing for different considerations
• Dress sense including the use of colours and styles in relation to one’s personality
• Wardrobe planning including the
appreciation of forms and shapes on figure
• Planning for family activities
• Technological developments related to apparel and their implications when making personal choices (e.g. recycled textile materials and products)
(K14)
Family Living
Family relationship
• Different types of family including nuclear, extended and single parent
• Roles and duties in the family
• Healthy lifestyle/sedentary lifestyle/unhealthy lifestyle
• Community health including health promotion and disease prevention (K15)
Home Management and
Technology
Management of family resources and budgeting
• Planning a personal budget
• Wise shopping for household products and services
• Standards to protect the safety of consumers, rights for correct information including information on labels and descriptions (e.g.
food labels, care labels, different ways to present weights and measures)
• Utilisation of resources in the family (e.g. use and care of equipment and appliances for cleaning personal clothing)
• Health concepts and safety precautions may include common causes and prevention of accidents at home
• Risk assessment, emergency and care, simple risk and emergency management, safety precautions in different settings including precautions and rules in handling equipment, household appliances and simple first aid
• Current issues concerning health and environmental hygiene including its problems and solutions (e.g. application of 3R (reduce, reuse and recycle) at home and in school)
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Knowledge context
Learning element
Content
Food technology
• Impact of processed food on daily life (e.g.
pros and cons of processed food, health issues and concerns)
Energy saving device
• Use of energy saving devices (e.g. rice cooker)
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Knowledge context Learning element
Content Information and
Communication Technology/
Common Topic
(K16)
Information Processing and
Presentation
Computer and computer operation
• Computer is a machine which operates according to the following sequence:
- “input → process → output”
Application of information technology (IT)
• Different applications of IT in daily life, such as learning, commerce, banking, e-government, recreation, and industrial and scientific applications
• Use of office automation software to prepare daily routine tasks and the advantages of using them
Information processing and information processing tools
• Search and download useful information through the Internet by choosing different search engines for different purposes
• Skills in searching for specific information as well as the use of advanced search features to refine the search results
• The need of safe web browsing and good practices
• Information processing concepts may include:
- information is data which has been given specific meaning
- data processing involves the
transformation of data by means of a set of predefined rules
- computers process data by performing calculation, searching, sorting, deleting, inserting, updating, etc.
- the correctness of data is essential in data processing - the idea of “garbage-in garbage-out”
- output of data processing should be useful information
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Knowledge context Learning element
Content
• Basics of business communication include:
- basic communication model
- situations of failures in communication that lead to misunderstanding
- verbal communication (situational dialogue, phone conversation and oral presentation)
• Different types of data such as text, image, audio and video
• Error detection by verification and validation
• Word processing features may include:
- formatting (tables and text frames) - hyperlink
- checkers (e.g. spelling checker and word count)
• Spreadsheet features may include:
- cell references, simple functions, basic mathematical operators, formatting features, multiple worksheets
- error values associated with the use of formulae
- data manipulation: simple filtering and sorting
- charts with two or more sets of data
• Multimedia elements may include:
- graphics, animation, audio and video and their nature, benefits, applications and properties such as pixel, resolution, compression, format, colour models, layers, transparency, effects, filters, tweening, HTML and hyperlinks
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Secondary 2