Hong-I Wu
Abstract
This study continues to explore the abilities such as superb sensitivity towards music, unusually sharp visual perception, extra ordinarily good memory and reasoning power are often observed in that they are the special but often neglected abilities that accompany the disabled of various types in the course of their growing-up. This research is an attempt to explore the case of a 24-year-old student with "severe mental retardation". She lacks of the abilities to comprehend text and numbers, to memorize things, to reach common communication, and she has barely completed studies in a special education class of one certain junior high school, but whenever she hears music, she made fanatical reaction to it, and was almost out of control by screaming, jumping, and even shedding tears involuntarily.
The counseling programs was originally planned to last three years by incorporating a wide range of different expertise into the project; yet, after having completed two years of scheduled time, we found that the subject of this research, with regard to her reaction to music, has been progressed from "messy and fervent reaction"
to "the reaction that accord with the rhythm appropriately," with drastic body movements to clap hands or to shake her head, a way to show that she made correct response to the rhythm of the music whenever its intensity and melody change. The correct rhythm, simple melody can be played on the little glockenspiel, and the creation of self-made melody music on the piano. This article will share the results of the project's research on the ability of music and provide reference for peers and parents concerned about autism ability education.
Keywords: autism, response, special abilities
60 育法施行細則》相關條文(教育部,1996; 2002; 2004)顯示其重要性。學者亦 對於身心障礙與社經文化發展之教育,提出不同的觀點包括對資賦優異者的教育 強調其「能」的部分,而身心障礙者的教育則以補救其「不能」的部分之論述,
主張在個別化的教育理想下,身心障礙者的學習應在補救其短處之外,更加強其 長處的發揮(吳昆壽,1992)。約自四十年前,美國即已將身心障礙資優學生(the gifted handicapped)列入 ERIC 之索引,(吳昆壽,1999;Porter, 1982),稍 後,1976 年美國「特殊兒童委員會」(Council for Exceptional Children, CEC)
設置資優身心障礙小組,1988 年美國國會亦通過《Jacob Javits 資優與才能優 異學生教育法案》(Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act of1988),挹注經費於此類學生之教育發展,並設置全國性之資優教育中心,
據以提升特殊學生接受資優教育之機會(Baum, 2004),帶動社會與學校對於身 心障礙資優者的關注,身心障礙資優遂漸成為一個特定之研究領域(盧台華,
1995)。
當前進步的國家對於外表或行為特殊之人士的稱呼,已由「缺陷」(disable)
或「殘障」(handicapped)之「絕對性不利」形容語,轉而強調一種「相對性」
特殊(exceptional)的概念(黃文慧,2001)。國內外許多傑出人物亦是身心障 礙者,例如自幼失明且聾啞之教育家 Helen Keller(1880-1968)、罹患小兒麻 痺之美國前總統 Franklin D. Roosevelt(1882-1945);國內如:腦性麻痺但具 有優異繪畫才能並取得藝術博士的黃美廉、作家及社會福利推動者劉俠、肢體障
61
62
63
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八、能聽辨旋律的改變,瞭解樂句轉變並能以不同的動作表現樂句改變或音樂 風格變化。第二年聽過許多各式各樣作品,無論獨奏合奏音樂都能反應出感 受音樂的轉變。(相片 6)
九、從完全不認識數字,經過練習唱歌與簡譜視譜練習,能看數字說出 1.2.3.4.5.6.7 數字,但尚無能力想像音高聯想成旋律。第二年輔由「社 會溝通課程」老師協助之下,先練習數字和物品,後來案主也能連結阿拉
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