妾身未明？石原慎太郎的世界觀與「中國」論

୾ঢ়ึ৥ःف! ಒΝڣಒΡ෉!

2008

Ԓ 6 У

ॳ 29-62

ێٙґ݃ȉ

Ұ঩བྷЋॣޠзࣩᢏ

ᇅȶϜ୾ȷ፤

ೆ໰ో

∗ ԞጉС෉Ȉ2007 Ԓ 5 У 30 С ௦ڨС෉Ȉ2007 Ԓ 12 У 15 С

∗ _{ѯᢋτᏱ࢈ݾᏱःفܛःفҢȇEmail:[email protected]}

ᄣ्

Ұ঩བྷЋॣ࢑࿌хСҐҖఋлဏ࢈ݾঢ়ޠ्ِȂկуଢؒȶҔ ள୾ঢ়ȷޠ፤ख़Ϭᚕϛ໡᏾ࠊСҐпȶϜ୾ȷ࣐୥ྲᘉȂগ૗ົ຺ ٴࢹȃᇅ՚ࢸτ୾҂କ҂ֳޠୱᚡཏᜌȄҐНᐍ౪Ұ঩བྷЋॣޠ௄ ࢈ᐤโпІуᄈܼज୾ȃϜ୾ޠөᆎ״ຠȂᇰ࣐уޠ୾ርᜱ߾შԓ ழԥτҔࢎڸԒ໣СҐҦȶ಴ٴȷᙾӲȶᑺٴȷȂ෉గӔᑺٴࢹп׫ ዊजޠՔீȇկҦܼ࿌хϜ୾ޠநକȂٻҰ঩བྷЋॣณݳਞݳ᏾ࠊ ѢᖏԞጢϜ୾ȂЇՅ௅ࡡӶዊٴϟ໣ȂᄈСҐޠ՞ဋ؂ᗎ֩ඌȄ ᜱᗥມȈ ٴࢹȃٴಡٴлဏȃϜ୾ȃտ᏾ȃҰ঩བྷЋॣȃСҐȃ Ҕள୾ঢ়

౫ӉݎٶഎޤٲҰ঩བྷЋॣ࢑࿌ϭСҐѢᖏ࢈ݾঢ়Ϝޠхߓܓ΢ ޑȄ1989 ԒȂупȶѠпᇴ No ޠСҐȷӶСҐᄲ᎜ΚԼ࿳ьȂਫϜࢆ ᏾ज୾៨᠍ޠนւᢏᘉЖକजРᎫᐃȂ௄ԫទூȶDr. NOȷޠ⼾ᆏȇ1999 Ԓ 4 УȂупົឪࣃϟ࠽ӶݎٶഎޤٲᒶᖟϜᕖூᔇঈܓാւȂٻΚ੖ ϟႥޠѯᢋᇅϜ୾ᄈԫ๗ݏ֖౫ڎኻ௒ᛅ1 ȇ൸ӉпࡤȂరϛᎎ௬ᒒѯЇ ϜҴൠޠуᓝᓝࢆ୞ϜСѯ໣ޠఄདઢစȂөᆎݣຝܓޠึّ2_ڸᎰڿѢ ᖏ୾ঢ়ᢏޠᖟ௪3 ηᄉᄉܤٿ୾ϲѵލឋȄ2007 Ԓ 4 УȂӶՍҖឪМࡼ ίȂҰ঩བྷЋॣέӶݎٶഎޤٲᒶᖟϜᕖാȂஇஇᗛΤуޠಒήঐӉ ෉ȄНᏱঢ়яٙޠҰ঩བྷЋॣϛ༊࢑՞࢈ݾ΢ޑȂηڏԥНϾኈ៫ΩȂ ԟԒупНᏱڸႬኈӶСҐަཽ௹କఌॴȂЖስτಁНϾޠࢻ՘ȇؐΤ ࢈ᏬࡤуϬቹձϛᎆȂࡼ៊Ӷൣᆓึߓ࢈ݾຠ፤ȂӤਣηਗ਼٘ϊᇴȃႬ ኈጢቒȂйᒒՍᇨձԥጤႬຝ࿾ҭȮݎٶعࡇȯȂп૥ᙳཥ઱ޠםԓӶ ࿾ҭϜፚ፤ਣ࢈ڸСҐᐤѭȄᗷดҰ঩བྷЋॣѬ࢑ӵРॷߞȂՅߩජඬ СҐѵһޠϜѶ؛๋޲ȂկӪпޣّ຀ᆏޠуӶөᆎឋᚡαࣲԥᢂࣃҴ ൠᘁ݃ޠึّȂ૗ᔔֆःف޲ఽ඿ජඬСҐѢᖏޠᐤѭᇰޤڸ୾ርᢏȂ Յڐ࢈ݾҢీϜޠഀ᏾ࣲ௧ȂҼᡘұڐᢏᘉ૗׻՟СҐަཽޠл्Ү ࣾȄҐН஡ഇႇᐍ౪Ұ঩བྷЋॣޠ΢Ңᐤโᇅ୾ር࢈ݾᢏᘉȂଇ፤СҐ ѢᖏԄեӶȶዊȷȶٴȷ໣Սשۢ՞ȄҐ፤Нޠቹձࠊණ࢑ȈߗхСҐ

1 ѯᢋ൭ᡞଷΠ஽።Ұ঩ޠѢࣃҴൠϟѵȂࣲϛנණІҰ঩ȶᄈѯᢋЅԂȷȃȶ෇ϱ ᒜᗝ፝؄ᖃಜ೥СȷȂڴᔗ຀؄ีᎄӉϲᑗ྄࡛ᄻѯᑀ፤ख़ஆᙄȃ൷ؒ२ུၜម ѯСᜱ߾ޠݦ൝ȇࣻၷܼԫȂϜ୾τഛᄈҰ঩ޠ״ցࠔ࢑ϛ୆᜞ՔȂᆏڴҰ঩࣐ ȶॗ୾лဏޠܤቁ޲ȷȃȶϜСᜱ߾ޠᚖॲȷ๊๊ȂᗚґࡠژҰ঩Ҕԓ൸ӉҀߞȂ өР߰Ⴅ຀ڎ୾൭ᡞাᅂՐ᏾Ȅ 2 Ԅ 2000 Ԓ 4 У໣Ӷϵ໡ൠӬࡿݎٶӵୣᔗབྷ٪ȶߩݳΤძޠή୾΢ҜဍȷȂᗷ෇ ึߓਫ८ᖑ݃ၿᅈȂ2003 Ԓ 4 Уᇅ 2006 Ԓ 9 У໣ϬӕԪึҢ᜹ծึّȂЖକᖓ Ӭ୾ȶ΢ᆎݣຝ௷ଷېসཽȷᜱݨȇ2001 Ԓ 11 У௦ڨᚖᇭ஠೥ਣࡿȶѷџҢ෦ ૗Ωޠυܓ࢑ณңϟޑȷՅ᎐ژஐυყᡞ௢֚Ȃ्ؒ፬ᓼᆡઢ཭ড়ٯีኅ֚ၿ ᅈȂڎ࡚ቸցഎց঩֚ാຨȇ2000 ԒΝΥУ໣ࠍഛ៊ึّࡿӤܓᠿ࣐ȶ౵ளȷй ȶဤࡤȷȂйӶݎٶഎߵໍ΢᠍ᆫስϜփଷᄈܼӤܓᠿޠߴሬ఩෢ȇ2004 Ԓέϵ ໡ࡿȶשϛூϛᇴݳᇮءԥၦੀԚ࣐୾ርܓᇮّȂӱ࣐ѻϛ૗኶኶ȷՅೞ 21 ӫ ӶСҐޠݳᇮఁ৲֚αݳ৴्ؒ፬ᓼȄ 3 ֊्ؒҀϲϵҴᏱਯٻңȶུޏᐤѭఁऌਫȷȂпІؑԒ୥ࡷႯ୾ઢަϟᖟȄ

Ӷ౫хϾޠႇโϜ࣐ΠԚ࣐ಓӬዊजዀྦޠН݃τ୾ȂӶዊࢹᇅٴࢹϟ ໣ࡼ៊ᙾඳᇅӕۢဏڐՍשᇰӤȂՅҦܼСҐᐤѭαᇅϜ୾ޠ౐ڔᖓ ᛯȂؑΚԪޠՍשӕۢဏȂҼ्२ུ೏౪ȶϜ୾ȷޠཏဏȄҐНޠቹձ ҭޠȂ߰࢑ᐍ౪Ұ঩བྷЋॣᜱܼज୾ᇅϜ୾ޠّ፤Ȃ௄Յ௥ଇڐՍуᇰ ᜌᇅ᏾ࠊСҐଞяϜ୾ޠႇโࣻЩȂԥ຀঻ٳȶᡑȷᇅȶϛᡑȷȄ Ґ፤НӔϸ࣐ϥࢳȈಒΚࢳϮಞҰ঩བྷЋॣޠٙзनෂȃநକНᏬ ϟၰȃпІСࡤ௄࢈ޠᙾ׸ȇಒΡࢳϮಞ᏾ࡤСҐ௄ȶစᔽτ୾ȷഃؐ ᗛӪȶ࢈ݾτ୾ȷޠၿၰȂڸ၏෉໣ѵһ࢈๋ޠਙಌȇಒήࢳȃಒѳࢳ ϸրᐍ౪Ұ঩ᄈܼज୾ᇅϜ୾ޠ״ຠȂಒϥࢳӤਣη࢑๗፤Ȃ஡࣐ᄈҰ ঩ޠ୾ርᜱ߾ᢏᘉණяᖃຠȄ

൧ȃȶЋ໩еȷޠ፜Ң

1932Ԓ 9 У 30 СȂҰ঩བྷЋॣяҢܼઢЙҀս৳ᑫȄуޠЯᒒ࢑ ΚӫҪስ໧઼ȂӶύίᎉ಼ϵѨᐋӉлᆔȄ1937 ԒȂҦܼЯᒒϏձϟሰȂ ᖟঢ়ཀྵ᎑Վі੖ၿޠϊᐔȂӶ٦၈Ұ঩ъכ࡚ႇΚࢳᓻ෴එཏޠ่Ԓਣ ӏȂ൸᠟ӓҀഷԂޠؾҴϊᏱȂҢࣁ๜రґڨژϜС᏾ލፑᔟȄ1944 ԒȂҰ঩ӓঢ়έཀྵӲݎٶߤߗޠ෸ࠓӵୣȂϛεȂЯᒒӶαੳਣ໣ӱЗ ᠛੿ึџംȂঢ়ϜႴѷစᔽٸᎭȂ࣐ٙߞعޠҰ঩བྷЋॣውดࢆକঢ়ߞ ೱӉȂڟֆҕᒒ࡚໕МяȞҰ঩བྷЋॣȂ1987Ȉ46ȟȇӤਣȂуޠככ ၊ԪॣђΤᚋαᔔࣃȂ୞ሆᇅឍፑऐȂӱԫབྷЋॣ҇໹׹ᅌЯᒒޠِ ՔȂᆔఁככޠକ۩՘ЦȞNathan, 2001ȟȄାϜ౴ཿࡤȂҰ঩བྷЋॣ߰ ӅᏱӶঢ়Ȃྲ៬ҕᒒᇅככȄ 1950ԒȂӶঢ়৴ߞᎇޠ࡛ឋίȂҰ঩བྷЋॣܺత঩ҐЗ቉ޠݳ୾Н ᏱقȂໍΤΚᐞτᏱཽॏق൸᠟ȄτᏱήԒ઼ਣȂӤᏱᗝу׺ጉȮΚᐞ Н᛻ȯᚖᇭȂупככ၊ԪॣІڐ݊Ѕউܺ੐ϛᡮޠҢࣁ࣐ᙣშȂ഻ձ ΠಒΚ጖ϊᇴȲԹՔޠఁࡊȳȄϊᇴᕖூޠԂຠцҰ঩τڨჃᇇȂΞ຀

КኦቹϜ጖ϊᇴȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳ୥ђᚖᇭȮНᏱࣩȯȞȮBungakkaiȯȟᖟ ᒳޠུ΢ዪȂᓎ֊ூژॷዪȄࢉٲඣቹΚထԒሇ΢Ӷᒒஞᜱ߾Ϝޠଝ ඌȈ਋ᔟКᓹࠛᇅЎυऽφࣻᠿȂԒߨޠуณݳਕᄦЗϜ௒དȂӒᇅъ ߞ҉፱஡ᠿ΢ȶᡲȷ๞঱঱ȂᇅυЅঔԂࡤࠔึ౫ڐᛅѺȂѿѢ࣐ᜳϟ ίᗚ࢑्ؒऽφቬफȂࠔпК೛ѷంȃऽφڂึဝጱވԬκձ๗ȇᐍ጖ ϊᇴ൝ᙔ຀عлِᓹࠛଝௗޠϲЗзࣩȂу௄ґՄኍႇऽφޠሰؒȂ֊ ٻӶᠿ΢ޠോᙅα८ᄈڐᒒ΢ೱᜳਣȂуЗϜޠᑀҪѬԥȶ೼ΚϹղউ എϛཽᕤ၍ޠȊȷ ೼ഌձࠣᕖூΠȮНᏱࣩȯຠቸޠΚयᢛ፭ȄӶज୾ظ๗؃ᄈСխ ስȂСҐȶϥϥԒᡞښ4_{ȷጃҴޠ 1955 ԒȂ࿌ਣԚዤձঢ়ޠձࠣ܂܂Ϭ} ณݳᘜ಴᏾ލଅᏺȂщҍ຀τ᏾ჳᢀޠ᠄ᇮȂՅȮНᏱࣩȯዪ໷ޠຠቸ ထࠍ࣐ȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳܛඣኡޠԒሇ΢८ᇽܛ୞ৡȂᇰ࣐၏ϊᇴԚѓӵ пȶȺΫ٘ޠᓎཏπ֜ȻȞutter casualnessȟ༉ႁΠᜟጣߨЎԒޠኛࡦᇅం ኉ȷȂ࡭࡭ڴᔗ຀зࣩ᏾ࡤНᏱȞaprès guerreȟޠዙࢻȂߓ౫Πུзх ८ᄈ᏾ލ഻།ޠኛࡦȃଝᚕȃՍשܺഃȞSherif, 2005Ȉ195ȟȄ1956 ԒߒȂ ೼጖ձࠣέᕖூΠНᏱࣩޠτዪȮ߉ώ፭ȯȂดԫ؛ۢᓎ֊Жକަཽᜊ ดȂձঢ় Nakano Shigeharu ޣ״ԫΞࣟԵ߉ώዪޠௌε༉ಜᇅӵ՞Ȃѫ ѵᗚԥ኶՞ձঢ়Ҽߓұ߉ώዪϛ၏޼ۢԫᆎȶӉܓߨԒޠปᖷНᏱ5 ȷȞᗃ עԈȂIbidȈ234ȟȄ

4 1955ԒȂСҐޠѿȃѢڎࣃ࢈ݾ༗Ωࣻ᝸׈ԚᐍӬȂٯӶಁឋଲτᒶϜ᠅ࢃ 97% ᒶಊȂՍҖឪᇅަཽឪޠΩ໕םԚ 2Ȉ1 ޠᄈЩȄ೼Κᄈ׫ੀ׌ࡤೞᆏ࣐ȶ55 Ԓ ᡞښȷȂпߴԉᑀນޠձॴл৛СҐϲ࢈஡ߗѳΫԒȂޣژ 1993 ԒτᒶȂՍҖឪ ѷџᑀτᓻ༗ೞय़ಣԚᖓӬϲረȂ55 ԒᡞښϘ֚஬၍Ȅȶ55 Ԓᡞښȷܛᄕᡘޠϛ ༊࢑ȶៗᏵȃџݢ၇ȷʝȶঔᏵȃ२ུݢ၇ȷϟ໣ޠཏᜌ࠯ᄙᄈҴȂӶտ᏾୾ር ੀ׌ޠ౟୞ίȂڎ޷༗ΩޠϤ୞ηΚӕҢ౱яུޠፑऐȂпІᄈСҐҖлึ৥ڸ ୾ঢ়ۢ՞ޠݣ౵౪၍ȄᐤѭᏱঢ় John Dower ߰ᇰ࣐Ȃ1951 Ԓᙠߝύڸཽޠጛ࿘ ᇅ 1955 ԒᡞښޠԚםȂ࢑؛ۢ᏾ࡤСҐ࢈ݾึ৥ޠڎቺ๗ᄻȂՅڐ໣ԇӶޠ஼ ΩӶ܂ࡤСҐ࢈ݾϜ֖߰౫࣐ȶҖлȷᇅȶڸ҂ȷڎᆎቌঅҭዀޠፑऐȄ؂ಡጞ ޠϸݚၐُ John Dower, “Peace and Democracy in Two Systems”, in Dower, John (ed). 1993, “Postwar Japan as History”, University of California Press, pp.3-33. 5

ᏒᆔϭСࣽٿ೼጖ϊᇴמ܄Ѭ࢑҂δณۊޠّ௒ࢉٲȂկӶ 1955 ԒޠݎٶȂ࿌ԒРΡΫޠҰ঩བྷЋॣпᒒٙစᡜձ࣐࣐ਫቹᚡ؆ȂϑႲ ұ຀СҐ֚ր᏾ంᒄ఩ࡤᄊུਣхఌࡢޠᆓখȄӶ 2001 ԒݎٶГэ޿ २ུяޏȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳ๊ѳ጖ϊᇴӬᒯਣȂҰ঩བྷЋॣഇႇȲࡤଅȳ Ӳᏺቹձ࿌ਣޠЗ௒Ȉ ࿌ਣҔঅСҐަཽ௄᏾ంࡤޠ૥ᒅ२ུඉหϟርȂԂϛৡܿҔ् ߕ௦੒ຳਣхޠٿᖞȂη൸࢑ҔঅΚঐґ෇я౫ႇޠН݃ഃᅛژ ٿޠਣхȄҦܼϟࠊ᏾ލпІ᏾ࡤޠ૥ኁޒݸϑᅛᅛ੒ѷȂᄈಁ ΢ՍҦޠᔇ׼ϛӕȂؑঐ΢എདྷᆒᅿܛ૗ӵӶ΢Ң࿌Ϝ৥౫яՍ ϐޠ௒ኔȂוగ૗಴џᔇ׼Ґ૗ޠᷓᚈȂп௄ϜᕖூЗ౪၅ᓼޠ ҢࣁȄȌȌᖃՅّϟȂשޠߨࢍ൸ԄӤԞᓄӶԫޠձࠣΚૢȄޣ ՎϭСȂשϬߴࡼ຀܂ளޠЗ௒Ȃ๜రϛញூሬᛥܗৼଚȄ Ȟ2004Ȉ364ȟ ᄈαΚхఁيᇅτ༉ಜޠЇࠖІᛅᅹȂ࢑᏾ࡤநକձঢ়඾ႈޠЗ ౪ȄЩҰ঩ϊڎྒޠτԱୋήॣȂ൸ᄈτ΢উӶ᏾ంਣиᡑޠᇴݳདژ ૥ᙳɯȶޣژ౿ৈϟࠊȂՃ৲উ঩Ґᇴ຀Љࣳ࢑ȺઢȻȂ्שউ්຀ࣻ бጱࡷȂᗚᇴज୾΢ϛ࢑΢Ȃ࢑ୁȃ࢑ഐᛛȇऐด໣уউరϛӶཏӵᇴ ຀׈ӓࣻЇޠٲ௒Ȃ׈ӓϛණϟࠊޠདྷݳȃఁݳᓀΠȂሰ्ЇࣹȂउ࢑ ߩளՍดӵ׾πᇴȂשউЉࣳη࢑΢ȂՅज୾΢ࠍ࢑݊ЅȄȷӱԫȶ᏾ ލ๗؃ϟࡤȂש൸ϛαᏱΠȄȷȞ2002Ȉ2fȟࡧІ᏾ం࿌ίޠདڨȂҰ঩ ηԥ຀᜹ծޠЇᔗȈȶ᏾ލϜȂуউఁيשউȂ࣐ЉࣳՅԬ࢑ӏᄹޠȇ

ᜱܼҐձࠣޠຠ፤ȂࣲϛנЖңлِߒԪึҢܓᜱ߾ࠊȂعлِȶпࠐକޠജೂ ᘗખિๆȷȞҰ঩བྷЋॣȂ2004Ȉ38ȟޠНԆȂՅ೼Κฬ८η൸࣐೼ഌձࠣᆎί ލឋםຬȄਣՎϭСȂܗѠցᘟҰ঩ޠץཏඣቹٯߩୌดȂڐϊᇴϜΚঐέΚঐ ՗੊РথޠعлِȂΞՎᄈЯᒒࡅᝓޠᅉຟȂعφ੊྆ޠѐя࢑Ұ঩Ԃ஽።ޠ੬ ኊϟΚȇђпڐӼԪп⾠ഹϟܼعܓឌൖᏵݳಒΟ఩ϟܼСҐȂӶӶܥ៪ΠҰ঩ Ӷȶ୾ঢ়ȷȃȶعܓ੊྆ȷᇅȶՍשᄃ౫ȷϟ໣ܛԋܺޠഀ๗Ȅ

Ѡ௦ίٿשܛޤၿޠӓ࢑᝜ਆȃҖлȃڸज୾ࣻ೏๊๊Ȅτ΢উᡘூࢌ ጴ఼έຏୄȄȷȞNathan, 2001ȟ೼ٳᄙ࡚݃ᡘϛӤܼӶ᏾ࠊ߰ԚԒޠݔ ܙ໱ȃή৭ҦखЊ๊΢6 ȄᄈҰ঩ܛ឵ޠзхՅّȂЩକঢ়୾ȃ༉ಜ஬ዜ ޠነិȂ؂Ϲٙޠ֩ඌ࢑ԄեӶቌঅقಜΚᕢ׾්ඳхޠНϾ઎ޫϜȂ ೣூԋٙϟၰዀȄֶԒࡤޠτԱԚ࣐СҐུѿᖏୋ஡Ȃп඾ႈܓޠ΢ၿ лဏၘᇮࡼ៊ࡧસ᏾ލЇࣹᇅڸ҂ጛ࡛ȇՅુн᏾ލ഻།ᡞᡜޠҰ঩ࠍ ᙾӪᄈՍשདڨȃ߭܉ޠ௥સᇅ޼ۢȄӱԫу᐀ܳዦ੩ޠ௒དᇅഎҀ੒ ຳᡞᡜϜࢻᙉޠమగȂٯᄈȶτ΢উȷጠᛅޠ༉ಜ༣ϟпቆȄ ӶȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳϜȂу࢑ԄԫڔდՃΚᎇޠٝᆼᇅԒߨзхޠཌඋȈ Ԅݏτ΢উϛ्ྒྷᚾՍϐܛ഻ആޠзࣩٯй૗஋२ຝఐᎇޠ ၘȂ٦ቅуউϛூϛড়ܑޠ߰๙ߩ࢑Ӕ౱ឪȄٲᄃαȂуউηϛ ড়ܑȄуউӶ೼࢞ᆒޠρӵαȂϛޤϛញӵңՍϐޠᚗКѺيΠ ུޠ௒ᐈᇅၿ኉ȂٯஊᎵя഻ུޠ΢᜹Ȃ൸჌ӶؔᅒϜޠч΢ ජȂᗷดୂ෿ࠔϬூཏࢸࢸӵ໡຀߇Ȃ٦ٳӶୂᕎӵ८αᆢܺޠ ߇ڌউȂٯϛញூՍϐޠρ᝕࢑ୂ࢞ޠȂ೼ᄃӶ࢑࡟ѠඎȄ ਡ΢ңٿೱᜳޠ٦Κ৉ዀྦȂٲᄃαуউࣻ࿌ኘඍȂӱԫӶ዗ཏ ᜌϜ؂ၑშџખᚾѻȄτ΢উᇰ࣐ϑစኅᗰ໡৥ޠзࣩȂٲᄃα ЇՅᡑூ੮ႤȂуউ्ؒ؂໡ܺࣁዒޠзࣩȂկഷӒױ΢᜹ޠ௒ ད࿌ձޑࠣٿᒌ໕ޠȂفഥ࢑፣ںȉ Ȟ2004Ȉ33-34ȟ ௄೼ࢳНԆ၈ȂϛѬѠп᠟яၯਣхߨԒӔٵޠࠖଜܓȂηច֥຀ 1950ԒхСҐަཽӶտ᏾๗ᄻίޠȶज୾ȷᡞᡜȄަཽᏱ޲Ӣُ߹ࠛࡿ

6 пЩҰ঩བྷЋॣԒߞΝྒޠή৭ҦखЊ࣐پȂ᏾ంਣҔᅗΡΫྒޠуȂདڨژᇅ ༉ಜೞഹᚕޠነඛȈȶ᏾ލ๗؃ΠȂ࿌ש᠚ژЉࣳࡈҁณ఩ӈ׺७ਣȂЗϜ୳Κ དྷژޠѬԥߝረԌȄߝረԌᇅשϟ໣ޠᜱഀೞϹᘟΠȂשདྷ౫Ӷש्ӲџȂӲژ ΚᆎजӶΚᆓȃשӶѫΚᆓޠޒݸȄȷȞNathan, 1988Ȉ67ȟ

яȂ᏾ࡤСҐᄈܼȶज୾ȷޠᇰᜌ࢑࡛ҴӶȶஆӵȷᇅȶ੒ຳНϾȷ໣ ޠΡ२ᄈҴαȂࠊ޲ຬኊॗٲᇅ࢈ݾޠМପޒᄙȂՅࡤ޲࢑စᔽᇅНϾ ޠኔగᄈຬȂΡᆎ᠍ΩޠϤ୞߰םᄻΠСҐ८ᄈज୾ནኘһᙒޠՍуᇰ ᜌȂΚ८्׫ܣձ࣐ॗٲ៨᠍ޠज୾ȂΚ८ࠔณݳܱᐁज୾НϾᇅҢࣁ РԓޠΤ߮7 ȄȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳлِҔ࢑ᗜଣܼΡ᏾ࡤजॗխስ೪ࢋޠማ ৵ӵୣȞIbidȈ77ȟȄӱԫȂҰ঩ܛᒞȶᗷดୂ෿ࠔϬூཏࢸࢸӵ໡຀߇ȷ ޠཏຬȂեლϛ࢑᏾ࡤСҐߨԒᑀԥޠ֩ඌȈуউࢌ्ܜڨం᏾ፑᔟί ༉ಜೞᕢ໣ܫୂޠ໲ᡞޫҪȂέٟ֊ೞ௱Τ੒ຳНϾҢ౱ޠᇷඌϜȂଢ ᓎାഁစᔽԚߞܛϼ୛ޠኔగݳࠍȄҰ঩བྷЋॣُࣽΠਣхޠᙾӪȂܼ ࢑ഇႇϊᇴ΢ޑޠኹΩȃኛࡦȃՍשϜЗٿ֖౫ڐܛ឵зхޠཌඋȂՅ ᓎࡤܛ֝Жޠኅτଠ៫ȂηӠᜍΠԫΚЗ౪ޠሰ्Ȅ Ӷፔືڎ྄ޠຠቌϜȂҰ঩བྷЋॣᇅככٟഁநକ࣐τಁНϾޠ݃ ࢒ȄȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳӶяޏΚԒϲᄲ᎜ߗήΫ࿳ьȂ഻ί᏾ࡤϊᇴޠख ᓄȇ1956 ԒȂȲЋ໩ޠ۠࿾ȳ׾ጢԚႬኈȂڎъכࣲ୥ᇅᅌяȂ၏бҴ ֊ӶԒሇ΢໣௹କఌॴȂኈଝউΚᆑွዂҾбϜ΢ޑएକৈࡅӽौȃቷ τޠᒎφȂпȶЋ໩ఋȷՍ۩ȇႥԒӕ௱яҰ঩བྷЋॣኦቹቒҐȃ၊Ԫ ॣᐋᆫᅌяޠ៊໲ႬኈȶᅼصޠݏᄃȷȂ၊Ԫॣ൸ԫԚ࣐ົ઼݃࢒Ȃڎ ъכηഛ៊έӬձΠΫංഌႬኈձࠣȂ஡Ұ঩၊Ԫॣ҉ആ࣐ James Dean Κૢޠࠖଜऽ໱ȂҰ঩ъכႴԚΚхኛࡦߨԒޠୌ჌8 Ȅ

7 ਴ᐄӢُ߹ࠛޠࣽݳȂ೼ڎᆎȶज୾ȷޠཏຬٯߩᄈҴᜱ߾Ȅձ࣐ॗٲ஽᠍ޠज ୾ಓဵᇅኹΩȃࡕ୾ϼഀӶΚକȂ࢑СҐ௄αژίഎߪమܱ׫ޠȂկձ࣐စᔽН ϾስᏳຬኊɯّܿϟȂձ࣐౫хܓߓኊɯޠज୾Ȃࠍٟഁ༳၅Π᏾ࡤСҐ໲ᡞᇰ Ӥޠ઎ޫȄڎᆎȶज୾ܓȷޠ಴ႚȂܼ࢑η࣐СҐ഻ആΠϲӶޠу޲Ȃٻூөᆎ మጃҴȶСҐ੬ܓȷޠ࢈ݾ፤ख़҇໹܂ᘟບՅሎሊޠ༉ಜؒસȂࠔ؂ᡘຏณՅጣ ФؒനȄ 8 অூݨཏޠ࢑ȂҰ঩ޠᓻ෴ٙзٻуԚ࣐੬ۢҢࣁစᡜޠ༉ክ޲ȄуӶ೥ፚϜණ ІȈȶ࿌ਣଷΠݎٶпѵȂСҐڐуӵРഎဤࡤӵц΢ᜳпဋ߭ȄτӼ኶ࡇφഎ ءُႇၾအȃྥЬڸኟԝٚȂ࿌ด؂ءԥ჌שউ٦ኻڸυࡇφӶΚକȄשউຶΠ ձυࡇφ၄φޠȃᚠՔᘁᢪޠ߇વҁȂᡲ၊ԪॣޠΚঐυЅᖂԚ᠝ौȂܛԥ΢എ ଝαΠȄԒߨ΢ഥด೼ቅޢҭȂᡲשញூᡚ೦ȄȷӶ᏾ࡤᑗ྄२࡛ȃึ৥ϛְޠ СҐȂݎٶϬ࢑НϾ්ဒޠϜЗȂُ٘൑пзхޠኛࡦ௒ᆲϛ٘၍មȲЋ໩ޠ۠

1966ԒԒۼ຺᏾Р໓ϟርȂҰ঩བྷЋॣ௦ڨȮ᠟፳ུᆹȯᚖᇭަې ଋȂࠊ܂຺ࠓ௵೥ȄӶԫϟࠊуϑ࢑ӓСҐጉႎഷାޠӫձঢ়Ȃτ໕഻ ձϊᇴȃቒҐȂٯ෇ᕘၾзࣩȂႇ຀ۍܺޠӫࢻҢࣁȄՅӤΚ෉໣ޠС Ґࠍ೏Ӷ୾ϲᇅ୾ር࢈ݾޠᆨஞޮ๗ϜȂ୾ርտ᏾๗ᄻᡞ౫࣐୾ϲޠ ȶߴ९ᄈࡒȷȈӶज୾஽ђޠȶҖлɯڸ҂ȷᡞښίȂ୾ϲѿѢڎࣃ༗ Ω໣ӶȶៗᏵɯڸ҂лဏȷڸȶঔᏵɯ२ུݢ၇ȷ᏾ጤαࣻࡼϛίȂѢ ࣃ״ຠᏵݳಒΟ఩ޠڸ҂఩෢यٻСҐ୾ঢ়л᠍ໃရȂߪమ಴ᚕ௄឵ ՞ȂঔᏵጃҴСज҂๊ޠȶჲգᜱ߾ȷȇՅѿࣃࠍ״ցज୾༗ΩӶݎٴ ޠᘘ஼Ȃٯమᆱៗڸ҂ᏵݳȂ୳৽ӕԪ௣Τ᏾ލȄԫፑऐӶ 1960 Ԓޠ Їԋߴ៊ङၽ୞ϜژႁഷାᘉȄ࿌ਣȂҰ঩ᇰ࣐៊ङ࢑ҔጃᒶᐆȂ௚Ї ᄈ୾ཽϛ៬Җཏ஽՘೾ႇޠձݳȂࢉჲӤНຠঢ়Ա᛾వԚҴȶԥ්੊ޠ СҐϟཽȷȂ௱୞୾ཽޠҖлϾȇӶᗗ፤ݵឣϜȂуη࣐НЇᄈထಁӱ ȶޢҭЇजȷՅЇᄈԋߴ៊ङȂჃ֛ඵతȶ๙ᄈлဏᇅಘᕺޠΡϰᄈҴ ፤ȷȂٯຠ፤׫ލϜԬܼቒ੩ፑऐޠݎτυᏱҢᐖजහφ࣐ȶՍϐ፾Ԭ ՍϐޠυᏱҢȷȞҰ঩བྷЋॣȂ2006Ȉ15ȟȇҭ࿞୾ϲޠЇ᏾ዙ੐Ȃу؂ ᄈܛᒞໍؐޤᜌӌφᇮழোဤȂᇰ࣐ڐѬ࢑яܼίཏᜌӵЇजӱՅཎ័ ӵ׺ӪӔ౱лဏଳᕋȞIbidȈ8ȟȄ Ӷ຺ࠓޠ௵೥စᡜцҰ঩བྷЋॣདژᎫᐃȄȶ٦ᆎՍኹՍతծޠᄈ ܼՍϐ݃Љޠڽၽޠտ઱ڸϛᜱЗȂשԂ჌Ӷ೼၈ُژΠڸשޠડ୾С Ґޠ஽੩᜹ծϟ೏ȄȷȞIbidȈ14ȟӲ୾ࡤҭ࿞ޤᜌࣩᝤᅟޠӤ௒Ϝ୾ॴ ੊9 ȂпІࠐึޠЇၦҐлဏၽ୞10 Ȃഎᐮึ຀Ұ঩Τтϟ܉ȇᎍഈՍҖ

࿾ȳޠٗकȂӶޑ፵ቺԪܛණٽޠུᘁདᇅ౵୾௒።ȂҼ׹ᅌ௱ݱֆᝣϟΩ໕Ȅ 9 ҦܼޤᜌࣩЇजޠЗᄙڸᄈܼ߮౲Ϝ୾ޠཝޟЗᄙȂ᏾ࡤޠСҐᏱଲҦ଼ջࡧл ဏխᐄΠ࢈ݾҔጃܓȂѠ୥ُ৙ᅉȂ2007ȂȲӶτഛᇮძϜᙛណԽϲԂ˕˕ໍя ࢈ݾҔጃޠϜ୾፤ख़ȳȄ 10 єࢃȈ൷ؒ᏾ލ፬ᓼޠȶ᏾ލڨড়޲ၽ୞ȷȃ׫ឋᕘძ།ড়ޠᕘძߴៗၽ୞ȃ ्ؒӬ౪՟ࡑϸପޠȶ՟Җၽ୞ȷȃ׫ឋϛ࿌ഽ୞఩ӈޠϏ΢ၽ୞ȃпІЇ᏾ ཏᜌίᐮ຺ޠτᏱҢጬ፟ዙȂഎӶϳႮԒхޠ׏ᖑାϸٕࢆ᏾຀ՍҖឪஉ࢈ ޠҔ࿌ܓȄ

ឪӱᔗ໑؇΢π๗ᄻޠᡑ९ȂԥཏܤேםຬऐяޠޤᜌӌφΤឪȂҰ঩ བྷЋॣܼ࢑׺Τ୥ឋଲᒶᖟȂٯӶѽ࢒ככޠܝܸίп഻खᓄାಊ࿌ ᒶȂѳԒࡤᝰᒶಁឋসȂӤኻ໸ւ࿌ᒶȂ൸ԫഀӉΥԪȄ1995 ԒȂӱϛ ᅗՍҖឪޠᆼంᇅۣ჊лဏȂу෇฼ኸଞя࢈ᏬȂఌ֊ܼ 1998 Ԓ२ߖ ࢈ࣩ׺ΤݎٶഎޤٲᒶᖟȂΚၰഀӉՎϭȄ

ະȃ௄ଞяϜ୾ژϜ୾ࡅૐ፤ȈСҐޠτ୾ၰ

Ս݃ݾᆱུп७ȂСҐޠՍשᇰӤ߰ᆨԛ຀ԄեӶዊࢹᇅٴࢹϟ໣ ԋܺՍשޠ֩ඌȄ1885 ԒᆌᐪᒠӢޠȶ಴ٴ፤11_{ȷ໡ఃСҐົ຺ٴࢹȂ} ᘜ಴ȶу޲ȷဤࡤםຬޠཏᜌȂᙥᏣޑ९ུᇅٴࢹ᎒୾ഹೡᘟဏȂՅኞ ΩԚ࣐ᇅዊज҂କ҂ֳޠȶН݃ȷ୾ঢ়Ȅޣژ᏾ࡤ೼఩ࡧᆱϬҦγύ઎ عܛ᝸ܜȄଷΠӶޤᜌαਞݳ՚РѭᏱȂᏱಭ௄ዊजޠಂ࿙ٿࣽࡠٴࢹ у୾12_{Ȃٯй௄өᆎِ࡚ᇅԥ຀౐ڔᐤѭᖓᛯޠϜ୾ໍ՘ୣႥ}13_ȂӶѵһ ᏾౲ഌϸȂСҐ࢈ۻࠍዂҾ՚ࢸө୾ޠ՘৸Ȃၑშٸኻฬဨគޠٸඊ౫ ᄃлဏᡓᒯȂᘜяΚϹпᘘ஼୾ঢ়ւઊ࣐ࡿᏳ঩ࠍޠ՚ࢸ୾ঢ়࠽ᄙȄစ ᐤҧЀ᏾ލڸС߽᏾ލാւȂٯԚѓխስѯᢋȃ්ᘁࡤȂСҐϑೞ௣Τ ӗ஽ޠ߮౲ᝰᗊϜȂϛӕԥᇅϜ୾࣐Ѕ݊ޠᎸӵȇ1915 ԒᄈϜ୾ණяȶ21 ఩्ؒȷȂຬኊСҐ࢈ۻᒶᐆ஡ՍϐᘜӶ՚Р߮౲޲ޠҴൠȂҔԓᇅϜ

11 έӫȶඍ᎒፤ȷȈȶ౫ϭޠϜ୾්ᘁᄈשСҐϛ༊ґԥ๜రᔔֆȂՅйӱή୾ӵ౪ ࣻഀȂӶ՚Р΢ಂϜȂ໣ܗӤΚຝϟȂܗпຠቌϜᗻޠዀྦٿࣽСҐȌȌ࣐ϭС ॏȂש୾ءԥᎸ၊๊ࡠ᎒୾ޠ໡݃пӔᑺٴಡٴȂՅᔗ၏ϛᇅڐ࣐ӃȂᇅ՚РН ݃፞୾ӔໍଞȄȷᙾЖՍύࡊ߭ΚȈ2005Ȅ 12 ೼၈ࡿޠ࢑ݎٶᏱࣃҪഩ৳Ӣ࡛ҴȶݎࢸѭᏱȷȂٻСҐڦூົ຺ٴࢹޠࡋᢏл ᡞ՞ဋȂໍՅᇅዊज҂କ҂ֳޠձݳȄѠ୥ُ Steven Tanaka, Japan’s Orient: Rendering Past into History.

13

Ѡ୥Մφԋࡈ٥Ȃ2001ȂȲѽτޠу޲˕ߗхСҐޠϜ୾჌ȳȂԞᓄܼφԋࡈ٥Ȃ 2004ȂȮݎٴ፤ɯСҐ౫хࡧདྷ״ցȯȂሂٶ๽ណȂߞࢍȈӢݔ΢ҖȇܗҰϟ࿋๊Ȃ 2007ȂȲСҐߗхϜ୾ᏱȈޤᜌѠ֐၍ܺٙӌȳȂϜ୾ަཽऌᏱᏱଲଲё 163 ෉Ȃ pp.168-178Ȅ

୾࣐ኴȞIbidȈ220ȟȇկҦܼȶໍΤ՚Рȷޠϛ໸ႀ14 Ȃέ᎐ഈ୾ϲϛෂ ੊ڸᛂτޠึ৥ᔇΩȂߓ८Κࡢ௵ڦ౫ᄃлဏޠСҐȂη૗ᇰᜌژ౫ᄃ лဏ၍؛ϛΠٙϸୱᚡȂႀέ஡ฑᘉᙾӲٴࢹȂණяΠȶτݎٴӔᄹȷ л஼Ȃпȶ၍ܺٴࢹȷϟӫȂ᠂ดݎٴΚᡞȂໍՅӶݎٴөӵႀ՘ٴࢹ ө୾ಂϜޠ෦Җխስᇅစᔽদࠉ15 Ȅ ೼อᏱಭঔᎵޠႇโಥഥпΡԪτ᏾᏾ంޠۨଚ֚ಥȄ᏾ࡤСҐӶ տ᏾ੀ׌ίೞდΤज୾൝ஈጤϜȂ໸౪ԚതӵԚ࣐ȶ՚РȷܛᆔᗓȂڐ ҢࣁРԓᇅቌঅηӓ८Ӫज୾་ఈȄ1961 ԒȂӶԋߴၽ୞ழٿޠަཽᆨ ஼ϜȂԲҥϲረණяΠȶܛூॼቩ࢈๋ȷᙾಌ࢈ݾᄈҴޠฑᘉȂݏ઎ጛ ആΠ༈΢ޠစᔽԚߞ16_{ȂՅԫԚ൸؂ӶСҐ୾ϲѵ঎םԚ౐ሊኈ៫ȈӶ} ୾ϲР८ȂାഁစᔽԚߞٻூϵҖަཽၽ୞ᅛᗎҠ၍Ȃ60 Ԓхᐮ຺ޠЇ जȃЇၦҐлဏᘘ஼ཏעϑณп࣐᝸ȂڦՅхϟޠ࢑Ϝ౱໧઼ֶτࡤޠ ঐ΢лဏܸᓟᇅ࢈ݾտᅒȞAsada, 2000Ȉ20fȟȄӶ୾ርቺԪȂԫΚڨژ ՚РӶϲөࣩϵᇰޠԚ൸ȂττණାСҐϟᖑగȂ࣐СҐђ஽ᇅݎࠓٴ ө୾ޠစຸһ܂ᑟ൸ւஆȂєࢃ଼ٿ՚ٴȃུђۄȃቶ୾ഛ៊пȶӪС ҐᏱಭȞLearn From Japanȟȷ࣐πဵ௱୞စᔽึ৥ॏฬȂ஽ϾᇅСҐޠ စᔽᜱ߾ȞSingh, 2002Ȉ285ȟȂȶ໯՘౪፤ȷᔗၽՅҢȂࣻ߭СҐ૗஋Ж ስ຀ٴࢹ፞୾ӔӤึ৥စᔽȇज୾Ᏹ޲ Ezra Vogel ࣦՎቹձȮСҐಒΚȯ ΚਫȂпСҐޠึ৥စᡜ፵ᅹज୾ዂԓޠґٿȄӤਣȂСҐഃᅛቩђᄈ ѵۣРึ৥නֆȞOfficial Development Assistance, ODAȟޠစຳȂژ 1980

14 ्޲ԄҧЀ᏾ލϟࡤ߽ȃ኉ȃݳή୾ϔਗ਼ᗚᒸȂпІ 1920 Ԓхज୾୾ϲޠЇಌ Җ௷Сၽ୞Ȃഎණᒻ຀СҐڨژ՚Р׈ӓ௦ાޠϛѠ૗Ȃܼ࢑஡ಂӏᙾӲٴࢹȄ 15 ӱԫСҐᄈܼٴࢹҦȶ಴ٴȷՅȶᑺٴȷӕՎܼȶ߮ٴȷޠ࢈๋ᙾᡑȂᄃ౐ڨڐ ዊϾϏโޠԚంܛ౟୞ȈСҐབ࢑ڨژ՚Р௷ᔡȂ൸བሰ्஽Ͼڐܼٴࢹޠᘫ឵ དȂԂழ຀ȶٴࢹಒΚȷޠٙӌٿስᏳٴࢹ׫ᒌ՚РȇดҦܼ෿గԚ࣐Н݃τ୾ ޠȶᓻ๊ҢཏᜌȷϛᅬȂСҐ८ᄈٴࢹ᎒୾ਣ߰Ѭ૗ፓᇨዊजࡕ୾лဏޠ൳୾஽ սᡓᒯȂ෿గዊजޠܜᇰȂӱԫณਣณڔέԇӶΚᆎп௷ଷϜ୾ٿڦூ՚ࢸٙϸ ޠᇷඌȂȶٴࢹಒΚȷЇՅᡑூϛࣻᜱȄӱԫ೼ٯߩ઎࢑ܛᒞ౫ᄃлဏȄ 16 1961ԒԲҥϲረණяȶܛூॼቩ࢈๋ȷࡤȂСҐጛആᡚ΢ޠାഁစᔽԚߞȄ1964 ԒȂСҐђΤ OECDȂ1968 Ԓ GNP ៛࣐зࣩ௷ӫಒΡ՞ȂژΠҰݷӡᐡᛗึޠ 1973ԒȂӓ୾ GNP ϑၷ 1955 ԒቩђΠ 5.4 ॼȄ

Ԓхϛկ៛࣐зࣩಒΡτ ODA ᒰя୾ȂӶٴЋӵୣ׺ΤޠစຳࣦՎົ ຺ज୾ȂԚ࣐ ODA ᒰяഷା᚟ޠ୾ঢ়17

ȞGrant & Nijman, 1997Ȉ42ȟȄ ؂२्ޠ࢑ȂစᔽԚ൸ᡲޤᜌࣩ२ུᑑُΠСҐ२ีȶτ୾ȷϟݔ ޠᔪӏȄҦܼСҐ࢈ۻ౐݃ڐѵһ୞ձޠఄདܓ18 ȂӱԫԟϑܜᒜӓΩ ึ৥ȶစᔽτ୾ȷِՔȂٯȶߴᜍϛԚ࣐ॗٲτ୾ȷ19 ȄดՅȂ೼Κၰ ጤӶ 80 ԒхϜ෇਴ϲረαӉࡤึҢ፵ᡑȈ1982 Ԓ 12 УȂظαӉޠϜ෇ ਴ஷ҅ӶՍҖឪϲᅌᗀਣെяȶ᏾ࡤ࢈ݾᖃ؛ᆘȷޠπဵȂ्ٻСҐޠ ୾ር࢈ݾȃѵһӵ՞ᇅစᔽӵ՞ٯᎾቇ៯20 ȂСҐమٗӪȶ࢈ݾτ୾ȷ ޠҭዀϑࢎดसථȄดՅԫਣϜ෇਴ஷ҅пȶҴ٘СजӤ࿘ȃଔᝧ୾ርȷ ձ࣐πဵȂٯӶ೥ୱज୾ਣჃᓿڐȶ஡СҐ࡛೪ԚΚᑻȺϛؖޠ૟ޫҕ ᝽ȻȂဤᄃСजӤ࿘ᜱ߾ȂӔӤ׫ងȷȞ৙࢈Ȃ2005Ȉ232ȟȂᡘُԫਣС ҐޠՍשᇰޤ࢑्ձΚঐᇅज୾ٯᎾቇ៯ޠ࢈ݾτ୾Ȅܛᒞޠȶ᏾ࡤ࢈ ݾᖃ؛ᆘȷȂܛཏک֊࢑௄ 1945 ԒٿСҐӓЗӓཏӪज୾ᏱಭȃమϾԚ Н݃ȶτ୾ȷϟҭዀಥ׈Ԛ໧ࢳܓӉଡ଼ȂѬ๊຀඾зН݃ޠȶ৲രȷᄈ ڐᘉᓟȂ޼ۢСҐ൸ԫៜٙȶໍؐτ୾ȷϟӗȄ կտ᏾ޠҠ၍έ஡СҐޠึ৥ழΤུ೏ძȄॷӒ࢑ȶСजԋߴ఩ङȷ ޠӬ౪ܓ८ᖞୱဵȂ्ϛ्᝸៊ձज୾ޠ᏾౲ჲգȉѫΚР८ȂСҐέ ्Ԅե೏౪ᇅٴࢹޠᜱഀȉԫਣ௄СҐ୧ࣩژτಁ༉൭ࣲ֛କȶ಴जΤ ٴȷޠπဵȞڠࠓҢȂ2006Ȉ467-472ȟȂמ܄२ᗑ຀᏾ࠊҦȶ಴ٴȷᙾ

17 Ᏹ޲উᇰ࣐СҐᑗ྄ᒰя ODA ޠ౪ҦȂϛѵоԫᖟԥֆණЁՍҖឪ࢈ۻӶ୾ϲ ѵޠᖑగȂӤਣηණٽСҐΚঐ؂ᗎ໡ਮȃڏԥ୾ር୥ᇅᄃΩޠґٿშ჌Ȃᄕᡘ СҐಓᔗ՚Р౫хτ୾ዀྦޠᄃΩȞYasumoto, 1989ȟȄดՅڠࠓҢηࡿяȂԫᖟ ᄈܼණЁСҐ୾ርםຬֆઊԥ४Ȃݎࠓٴ୾ঢ়ϬᄜளདញСҐޠစන࢈๋࢑ᆡ҉ ಡᆘޠȶМಊҐ࢈๋ȷȄ 18 1974ԒॷࣻҥϜِᄹ೥ୱݎࠓٴȂӶ੏୾୦ْȃӠѼ໰ђႁࣲ᎐ႅᐮ੩ұࡅȂᡘ ұݎࠓٴө୾ᄈܼСҐӶ᏾ލ෉໣ޠኹ՘ϬԥኛࡦȄ 19 ֊຀ӫޠȶᆌҥлဏȷȂҦॷࣻᆌҥॕЊ 1977 Ԓ 8 У 18 ೥ୱຆࡢᇾਣӶᅌᇴϜ ึߓȄ 20 Ϝ෇਴ޠ࢈ݾ׾९єࢃήঐР८Ȉ1.ଓ࢈׾९Ȃϲో࣐ܺᚭ࢈ۻᆔښȂᘘτ୾ᕋ ٲཿҖᕋϾȇ2.ఁي׾९Ȃڏᡞϲৡ࣐ђ஽ན୾ఁيȂ׾ᡑᐤѭཏᜌȇ3.ѵһ࢈ ๋׾९Ȃڏᡞ௪ࢋ֊ቩђ٪ፐစຳȂऐખ᏾ࡤȶ࿲ୣȷȂໍՅ૗஋ձ࣐ȶ՚РΚ সȷпଔᝧ୾ርȄ

Ӳȶᑺٴȷޠक़ၭȂկ෇စ࿢࿣зࣩစᔽޠСҐࠔӶ 90 Ԓхߒ෉ടΤ ݿݲစᔽӡᐡȂՅΚԼԒࠊᄟ᎐ӗ஽ҟϸޠϜ୾ࠔഃᅛᘜ಴৶޲࠽ᄙȂ Յ᠂ดԥົ຺СҐԚ࣐ୣ஀ུ៨᠍ϟ༗Ȃ೼࢑ΚঐСҐܛ६ҢޠϜ୾Ȃ η࢑ϛѠ૗᏶ᙥȶτݎٴӔᄹ୽ȷӫဏ஡ڐԞጢޠϜ୾ȄӱԫϛӤܼ᏾ ࠊᑺٴ፤޲஡Ϝ୾ຝ࣐ϐٙϟΚഌӌȂ൷ؒӔӤ්඾ႈܓᗛໍޠᄙ࡚Ȃ ᏾ࡤСҐӶȶ२ߖٴࢹȷޠӤਣηࢻ՘କȶϜ୾ࡅૐ፤21_{ȷȂ஡Ϝ୾ຝ࣐} СҐӶୣ஀ޠࠑኴȄ Ҕ࢑Ӷԫݦ൝ίȂҰ঩ึߓΠΚقӗȶСҐѠпᇴ Noȷޠл஼Ȅ ӶՍҖឪϲ᝸ܜϜ෇਴ஷ҅ȶߴԉҐࢻȷၰጤޠуȂ୾ርᜱ߾ᢏᘉηᇅ СҐޠ୾ঢ়лဏࣻϤ៉ᙔȄпί൸ၐख़ڐᄈज୾ᇅϜ୾ޠࣽݳȂпᚅఽ ڐ୾ঢ়лဏࡧՄᇅΡ᏾ࠊѢᖏᢏᘉޠᖓᛯȄ

୥ȃҰ঩བྷЋॣᄈܼज୾ޠ״ຠ

௄ 1989 ԒՎ 1995 Ԓϟ໣ȂҰ঩བྷЋॣഛ៊яޏΠѳҐ࢈ݾຠ፤໲ ȮѠпᇴ No ޠСҐȯȞᇅུΩᖃນ౿ҥࢎЊӬ຀ȟȃȮ֊ٻ೼ኻηඹᇴ NoޠСҐȯȞᇅαහτᏱఁ௳෯ഌ݈Κȃॗٲຠ፤ঢ়ϊώڸεӬ຀ȟȃȮС Ґ஁؛ᇴ NoȯȞᇅН᛻ຠ፤ঢ়Ա᛾వӬ຀ȟȃȮٴࢹηѠпᇴ NoȯȞᇅ଼ ٿ՚ٴᖃ౪଼ࠥӵӬ຀ȟȂ೼Κقӗձࠣ൝ᙔ຀ఽ඿ϛᡑޠлໆȈСҐ ्Ӷѵһαᘜ಴ȶؖᓷ࢑ߝȷޠ݉௄ܓȂਖٙܣ๙ٿՍज୾ޠϛӬ౪् ؒȄණᆫ਌ስȂуᄈܼज୾ޠࢆ᏾є֥пίήঐ८ӪȈ

21 ึଘܼСҐ٪ፐτᏱ؇ϣЅؿ 1990 ԒึߓܼȮ፞֘ȯޠНതȂпȶ፤Ϝ୾೼ঐ ዗Ӷࡅૐȷ࣐ᚡȂ௄ॗٲᄃΩᇅᆤӬ୾Ω຀ಂȂࡿяϜ୾ҔӶ२࡛ഌ໦ᑗ྄൷ؒ २ུԚ࣐ȶ៨лȷޠᐡཽȂᄈܼҔӶٗӪ࢈ݾτ୾ϟၰޠСҐ࢑ঐ዗ӶޠτࡅૐȄ ԫНЖକСҐަ྄ཽτଠ៫ᎫᐃȂΚਣ෱౫ࣨិϜ୾౫хϾȃȶ्ᡲϜ୾ҘሊӶ ׭೛αဤࡤСҐΫՎΫϥԒȷޠᖑॲȂηٻСҐ࢈ۻ२ུᔯଇᄈϜ୾࢈๋ᙾӪߴ ԉȄၐُեࡧབྷȂ2001ȂȶȺϜ୾ࡅૐ፤ȻᇅΡΫΚзखСҐᄈϜ୾࢈๋ૣဏ˕˕ п စ ᔽ ᇅ ॗ ٲ ࣐ Ϝ З ȷ http://www.koryu.or.jp/08_03_03_01_middle.nsf/1384a27 fc6686a1a49256798000a62f6/274073eeb7d0a1ef49256ab00025bea4/$FILE/hoszushe n.pdf

Κȃज୾ᄈСҐᛅԥᆎఋݣຝȂٻСҐۨ۩௄឵ӵ՞

௄ 1980 ԒхକȂСजϟ໣࣐߰ΠजС໣ԒԒԚߞޠຸܿଜৰᓝҢ ឬᠺȂज୾ೱܐСҐϛ޼໡ܺҀൠȂഇႇຸܿښນ्ૐСҐߵໍຸܿ҂ ᒌȂڎ୾Ӷ 1986 Ԓޠᜱຸᖃڟ੪ܝӷӲӬፚցϜȂ؂࣐Πၼ౱ࠣ၅ຯ ๊ᜱᗥឋᚡލஉϛӅȇђпСҐӍཿӶज୾ަཽϜޠԇӶСઊ݃ᡘȂΚ ޷ȶСҐࡅૐ፤ȷӶज୾ަཽϜጼ۾Ȃл஼२ུຠቌजСӤ࿘࣐ज୾ܛ ഻ആޠւઊȞࢦၿ࣓Ȃ2003ȟȄҰ঩བྷЋॣ״ຠԫᆎЗ౪׈ӓяՍᆎఋ ݣຝȂٻज୾ϛ᜺ܜᇰСҐӶຸܿᇅ׭೛ःึαޠ഻ཏȂϛࣣ௕СҐᄈ ڎ୾Ӥ࿘ᜱ߾ޠଔᝧȂՅпᢎᐘޠКࢳᄈСҐϡڦϡؒȞҰ঩བྷЋॣȂ 2006Ȉ499ȟȄҰ঩ᇰ࣐Ȃຸܿኟᔣ༊༊࢑ज୾ᄈС୒ُޠپφϟΚ22Ȃ ௄ॗٲϸϏژӶСजԋߴ఩ङϜޠםຬȂҰ঩എ࣐СҐܳϛ҂Ȅ שଢୱȈȶज୾ޠਰφ዗အ኶ҭϛІងᖓȂӱԫளڨژᔇΩȄ࣐Ϩ ቅϛ૗ᡲСҐϸነȂԄݏ࢑኉୾ܗऽ୾ޠ୧಼Ȃ࢑֐൸ѫ࿌ր፤ȉȷᄈ Р౦ޣӵӲ๏ᇴȈȶԄݏ࢑уউ൸ѠпȄȷ ᙐՅّϟȂуউ౦ޣӵᇰ࣐ȈСҐ࢑ঐϛ૗߭Ӊޠ୾ঢ়ȄȌȌېଋ СҐ୉೼ᆎ௒ᇕϏձЇՅц΢ᐋЗড়ܑȂܗ೩ېଋងᖓ΢ᗚЩၷԂںȊ שདྷשউ҇໹ញਃȂӱ࣐уউϲЗޠᆎఋݣຝߩள਴౐ဢڿȄȞ1990Ȉ 37-38ȟ Ұ঩ηܪᔟज୾ሇຝСҐӶजСԋߴ఩ङϜޠряȄȶज୾ᑗತ᏾ ೛ڸ᏾౲စᡜܛ೪ॏяٿޠ೻ᡞȂԄݏءԥСҐޠљᏳᡞශбȂ֊ٻᒰ ΤႬဟηϛཽၽᙾȄҦܼСҐޠ׭೛Ȃٻज୾෶Ўݱලᢋ᏾ލϜޠៃ ࣙȂณޤޠज୾࢈ݾঢ়উᇴࣦቅȺСҐ΢ءԥࢻ՗ȻȂ઎࢑Ћϛᗀ౪ȄȌȌ СҐޠ׭೛ᄈज୾ޠॗٲΩ໕କ຀Ӽቅ२्ޠձңȂϥِτཉӕఽྀϛ

22 Ұ঩η෇ϸրࡿяज୾ᄈСҐҶᘙ঩φኇȞ1990Ȉ38ȟȂпІॷࣻҥϜِᄹޠࣅ ջו኉ᗡᆹȞ1995Ȉ64ȟȂഎ࢑ज୾ᄈСᆎఋݣຝޠپφȄՅ 1990 Ԓᔗ၏ਫऽ ណޏึ՘ࠊ܂ज୾ࡈ༉ਣȂҰ঩ηӶႬຝ࿾ҭϜޣ௦ܪᔟज୾୾ϲᆎఋݣຝޠ қᕁȄ

ႇΠȄȷȞ1992Ȉ71ȟӱԫȂул஼СҐᔗ२զСजᜱ߾ȂȶСҐ΢ϛཽ ೞуউޠॗٲࡅΩᔄூึ׬Ȃη๙ϛཽӕᄈȺСҐޠଔᝧϛ஋Ȼ๊ณᆓ ࡿೱߴࡼؖᓷȄȌȌԄݏज୾΢ձϛژ೼ٳȂϭࡤޠजСᜱ߾஡ᜳпጃ ۢȄȷȞIbidȈ73ȟȄ

ΡȃСҐ΢ᔗึ৥яུޠՍשཏᜌȂࠎඹ୥ᇅ୾ርٲଡ଼

࣐Πࢆ᏾ज୾Ӷѵһᜱ߾Ϝޠ஽฾࠽ᄙȂҰ঩Ⴣ֛СҐ्ᔘூ๢ң КϜޠеท˕˕ାऌ׭׭೛ȂȶӶ૗ᇴȺNoȻਣ൸ᇴȺNoȻȷȞ1990Ȉ115ȟ п૗ᇅज୾҂କ҂ֳȇՅ؂਴Ґޠ࢑СҐՍשཏᜌޠ׾९Ȉ ᏾ࡤСҐΚޣ೏ܼ౵୾НϾ˕˕ज୾НϾಜݾϟίȄ௄ّ፤४ښ ژᏵݳȂज୾Ӷߵٻᇅ՚ዊϛӤޠ౐ڏ੬ੇܓޠ౵ϐ˕˕СҐ၍ ᡞȄȌȌज୾ᄈС࢈ݾ᏾౲ޠਰЗȂ൸࢑஽ђ๞СҐΚഌழԥц з΢ӭᡚޠऽНພមޠᏵݳȌȌȂ౫՘Ᏽݳ४ښΠСҐ΢ޠ୾ር ཏᜌȂϛҔ࿌ӵ཭ড়ΠСҐޠ୾ርӵ՞ȄҔ࢑೼ഌᏵݳٻСҐ೼ ঐ୾ঢ়൸჌ঐϜ୾ѡхޠЋᆀȂѬԥജೂՅณ࿟γȄȌȌ ȌȌСҐ΢ԥঐુᘉȂ൸࢑ႇӼӵ୉Սש״ຠȂ೼ηѠпᇴ࢑Ҧ ӵ༗఩ӈആԚޠȄᖃ࢑ࣽу΢ᖜՔ՘ٲȂ೏೏എ्ٻу΢ԄཏȂ ೼ኻ୉࢑ߩளೞ୞ޠȄȌȌดՅȂ౫Ӷשউ୾ঢ়ϑစژΠᔗ၏ึ දعφᅖձңޠਣхΠȄСҐӶΡԪτ᏾ࡤΚޣଢᓎ຀ज୾Ȃ೼ ᆎСҐԥѭпٿഷυܓϾޠೞ୞ޠҢԇРԓᔗ࿌๗؃ΠȄ Ȟ1992Ȉ92-95ȟ Ұ঩ቹձ೼ࢳНԆޠңཏȂଷΠܫຬӵ्ؒСҐ΢૗ึ৥ᑀҴཏ ᜌȂϛӕ୳ज୾଼ॷ࢑ᙂѵȂҼڏᡞڴᔗΠ 90 ԒхߒСҐ୾ϲᄈܼՍ ፐ໦࢑֐яս੖ѵޠ៞፤ȄᗷดঔᏵᇅ֐࢑௄᏾ࡤ߰ᑩᙔ຀СҐ࢈ݾޠ ՃឋᚡȂկᐤစ 70 ԒхޠစᔽԚߞڸ 80 ԒхޠϜ෇਴лဏࣀᙅȂСҐ

ଢؒԚ࣐ȶҔள୾ঢ়ȷޠཏᜌᇅӬ౪ܓϑϛӤܼ᏾ࡤਣޫίޠᓠോȂђ пងᖓ࠴ѯࡤݎٴӵୣॗٲફז२ུࣀทȂСҐηຼᐡᄦસӶ୾ርٲଡ଼ ϜޠِུՔȄ1990 ԒՍፐ໦яս୥ᇅᖓӬ୾Ӷ࢜ৄᄄޠᆱڸ՘୞Ȃॷࣻ ੖ഌ߹ᐚණяȮᖓӬ୾ᆱࡼڸ҂՘୞ݳ਱ȯ࣐Սፐ໦яս࡛Ҵݳྜȇ8 Уݱලᢋ᏾ލᛗึȂᖃ౪ηණяȶϜݎଔᝧ፤ȷȂཏშଢᓎज୾ရؐ୥ ᇅϜݎԋӓٲଡ଼ȂႥԒ 4 У؂ࣃልՍፐ໦੖α௮Ⴋ᝽я૟Ȅ೼Κл஼η Ӷ 1993 ԒϊᐪΚॣяޏޠȮСҐ׾ആॏฬȯϜூژڴᔗȂϛӤޠ࢑࿌ ڐу࢈ݾঢ়ϬӶȶ஽ϾСजӤ࿘ȃӀգᜱ߾ȷޠۼጤαึّਣȂҰ঩ϑ ஡ᏵݳಒΟ఩ຝ࣐ज୾ܛ஽ђޠ؃ᑪȂ҇໹ђп௴಴ȂСҐϘ૗ٗՍϐ ޠၰȄ

ήȃ՚РН݃ϑءဤȂСҐ्Жስӓٴࢹึ৥Ȃ׫ܣ

ୄ๢ឍᄇ୾ঢ়ज୾ඩК

ଷΠ״ຠज୾ᄈܼСҐޠሇຝȂӶ 1995 ԒᇅӠѼᖃ౪଼ࠥӵӬ຀ ޠȮٴࢹηѠпᇴ NoȯϜȂҰ঩བྷЋॣໍΚؐ஡ज୾ܛхߓޠ՚РН ݃ࣻᄈϾȂ௄ՅႲّٴࢹޠநକȈȶٴࢹ҇໹Ӫज୾ޠ൑ᜟлဏᇴȺNoȻȄ שࣻ߭ٴࢹޠڐу୾ঢ়஛గСҐ૗τᖑᇴၘȂٯй߬яКϜޠеทȄձ ࣐೼ঐӵୣഷ஽τޠ୾ঢ়ȂСҐ҇໹ձཱྀ࣐ዂȂᇅ๽౿Ⴔ҂๊ᄈፚȄȷ Ȟ1995Ȉ58-65ȟ Ұ঩ܪᔟज୾࢑ୄ๢ޠឍᄇ୾ঢ়Ȃϛ៬୾ϲޠᆎఋݣຝ౿՘ȃҜဍ ౦ାЁȃ೵൳ৰ຾ȂՅп΢᠍ឍᄇϟ࠽ѳ೏ϔႲȞIbidȈ99fȟȂڐίޠ ៯Ωࠍ࢑пΚઢ፤࣐ஆᙄޠஆ࿝ఁȂٻ՚Рᘘ஼лဏᄖۼુнৡףᆡઢ ȞIbidȈ93ȟȄЇϟȂٴࢹޠНϾ࢑пৡףȃ൶२Ӽϰ࣐ஆᙄȂՅй஽። ȶڸᒚȷȂ्ؒϊשᇅτשࣻϤପӬȂٴࢹޠзख҇஡࢑ڸ҂Ӕԇޠਣ хȞIbidȈ93-95ȟȄ ؂२्ޠ࢑Ȃ೼ঐٴࢹޠзख஡ҦСҐܛЖᏳȂӔ׫ዊजȈ

ົႇΚзखпٿСҐΚޣ༖Ꮾӵ֝Ԟ՚РН݃ȂԄԫ஠ݨΚཏՅ ංоᒹנΠשউη࢑ٴࢹޠΚӌφȄשউ࢑ዊजޠԂᏱҢȂηӶ ࢛ٳስ஀ߓ౫੬яȂկӶЗۼשউᗚ࢑ߩளຯߗٴࢹȄНϾޠࣻ ϤዂҾ࢑ᐤѭໍؐޠ៯ΩȌȌ൸჌ٴࢹ΢෇စڨژ՚Р౫хл ဏఃึȂዊࢹᇅіज஡ӕԪӵӪݎРᏱಭහኌȄ ȞIbidȈ89-92ȟ ᆤӬпαήᘉȂ௄Ұ঩བྷЋॣᄈܼज୾ޠ״ຠϜȂуమᜍ݃ޠ࢑Ȉ СҐϛկစᔽᄃΩ٘пᇅዊजٯᎾቇ៯ȂԚ࣐౫хϾޠԂᏱҢȂࣻၷܼ ّ՘ϛΚޠज୾ȂСҐࣦՎ؂ڏԥ඾ႈܓȂ؂ԥၦੀழ຀ੇ౵ܼ՚РН Ͼቌঅޠٴࢹٿᆏ៨зࣩȄดՅȂӶҰ঩෉෉Ԝକٴࢹ׫ᒌዊजޠӤ ਣȂႥ᎒ޠϜ୾ϑϛӕ࢑ԼԒࠊޠݎٴ੿ЊȂՅпᇌ༗ࡠึϟ࠽ᇅСҐ ᝰഃ຀ٴЋӵୣޠስᏳ᠍Ȃӱԫ൑࢑ࢆ᏾՚Рۧϛ٘пᜍԚСҐޠН݃ τ୾ӵ՞Ȃ؂्ᄈநକϜޠϜ୾ԥܛຠቌȄпί൸ໍΤҰ঩ᄈܼϜ୾ޠ ຠ፤Ȃп׈ᐍڐ୾ఋఅٲޠڎ८Ȅ

နȃҘሊޠȶඍ᎒ȷ˕Ұ঩བྷЋॣಂϜޠϜ୾

Ꮢᆔ࢑୏ขٯᆨᆨٸᓎ຀ज୾ޠရؐȂСҐԟӶ 1972 Ԓ൸ሃӶज ୾ϟӒᇅϜ୾ᜱ߾ҔளϾȂϟࡤ߰ᇅϜ୾࡛ҴஞϹစຸᜱ߾Ȅ1980 Ԓх Ϝ෇਴ϲረαѯࡤȂڐ࢈ݾτ୾лဏ࣐ڎ୾ѵһᇨആ೩ӼኟᔣȂєࢃ᏾ ލೱӉୱᚡȃΡԪτ᏾ᐤѭᇰۢୱᚡȃл᠍ᇅስρୱᚡȃѯᢋୱᚡ๊Ȃ എԚ࣐ڎ୾ᜱ߾ϜޠӵႫୣȄ࢈ݾαޠྜྷ೾ৰ຾ᇅစᔽޠዦ๝ٿ܂Ȃ࣐ ڎ୾࢈ݾᜱ߾ᕋആΠା࡚஼ΩȄՅӶ೼ٳឋᚡαȂҰ঩എ෇ණяᢂࣃҴ ൠᘁ݃ޠึّܗ࢈ݾ՘୞Ȅпί਴ᐄึّਣזᇅឋᚡȂΚΚӗᖟȄ

Κȃߨൺཽਣ෉஁؛ЇӔ

ҦܼϛᅗҥϜِᄹॷࣻᇅϜӔ࡛һȂ1973 ԒҰ঩֊ڔᗝ໲Π୥ಁڎ ଲήΫΚ՞ឋসಣԚ࢈ყȶߨൺཽȷȂණяϳτۡԠȈΚȃᆱࡼՍҦަ ཽȂ஁ࡼѵһᔗᇅՍҦлဏ୾ঢ়ထߴࡼᆨஞᖓᛯȄΡȃึඵ୾ҖၿဏȂ ׾९ޑ፵лဏȂᔗᘟดໍ՘ఁيҔளϾȄήȃྲܡ৶༗޲Ȃ࡛ҴަཽҔ ဏȂ௷ଷ൳ᇻϟϛഽܛூȄѳȃ࣐࡛೪ڸ҂୾ঢ়ȂӶڸ҂໹ٿՍՍፐޠ ࠊණίȂӪ୾Җຨؒ୾٪ᇅݾԋϟ्҇ܓȄϥȃ࣐ڐӶུޠᐤѭϜСҐ Җఋޠ઎ҔՍҦȃԋӓᇅᖆᄹȂښ࡚ՍлᑀҴޠᏵݳȄϳȃឪޠၽձᔗ ҉ખԋ໌ޠ׃ڟȃۣ჊ϾᇅᐡཽлဏϾ๊ᄓಭȞIbidȈ199ȟȄ Ӷᄈѵᇴ݃ߨൺཽԚҴጣҦпІ՗࿘ޠཏဏਣȂҰ঩བྷЋॣпȶઢ ॴ੬׿໦ȷՍЩȂࡿя्҇ਣ஡਍яנשᆡઢȂ࣐୾ঢ়ៃࣙȇѫΚ՞Ԛ স෯ᜟजහ໱؂ޣࡿڐॷ्ኴ΢߰࢑Ӕ౱лဏɯȶߨൺཽ҇໹ᇅӔ౱л ဏ؛ΚԬ᏾Ȃ֐ࠍՍҖឪಥ஡ᗎӪྟκȷȞᖓӬൣȂ1973aȟȄߨൺཽΚ ԚҴȂ߰ಣყࠊ܂ѯᢋ೥ୱȞᖓӬൣȂ1973bȟȂпᇅӤਣ೥ୱіᗻޠՍ ҖឪឋসყϤր़ᓟȇԫѵηᇅѯᢋӶС௱୞ᄈСѵһޠᜱ߾ಣᙒȶС ๽ឋসᔙፚཽȷ܂ٿஞϹȂۢ෉ᆺཽȄՅ၏ಣᙒԚҴґεȂᎍഈϲረҔ ᇅϜ୾໡ۗःឋȶСϜ૟᠍ڟۢȷȂԋ௷ڎ୾Ϥඐ໡ܺስޫȄߨൺཽᄈ ԫឋ਱྄ΩݕါȂӶ୾ཽϜпҊྮԹछȃ௹਺๊୞ձኹΩ׫ឋȂᗗ፤ࣩ Ⴔਣ஡ߨൺཽᇅ 30 Ԓхึ୞ȶΡΡϳٲӈȷȃȶϥΚϥٲӈȷޠ྄Ѣࣃ ߨԒ࢈ݾަყࣻණٯ፤ȞڠࠓҢȂ2006Ȉ14fȟȄ

ΡȃᜱܼΡԪτ᏾ޠᇰޤ

ΡԪτ᏾᏾ంձ࣐౫хСҐ୾ఋлဏึ৥ޠ഻།ϟਰȂӪٿ៯ٻ຀ СҐ྄Ѣࣃޤᜌӌφᄈϟލ៞ȃܢቹȃ२ུۢဏȄ1963 Ԓݔܙ໱ึߓȮτ ݎٴ᏾ލ޼ۢ፤ȯȂ஡༄಼ٲӈՎΡ᏾ϟ໣ޠСҐ࢈ݾึ৥ѭۢ።࣐Ї ᔟዊजࡕ୾෦ҖޠևΩȂСҐڂ֎ᗻ୾ȃ෦Җݎࠓٴӱԫࣲ࢑ܱ׫߮౲

ႇโϜޠ्҇ϟඍȇԫᆎᇰᜌ࣐Ҵൠ௦ߗޠޤᜌӌφܛ᝸ܜȃึ৥ȂჃ ᇇΠөᆎ௄౫хϾѭᢏڸЇ෦ҖҴൠ࣐Ρ᏾ᙛ਱ޠ፤ख़Ȅ1980 ԒхକȂ ᓎ຀စᔽԚߞழٿޠҖఋՍ߭ାᅜȂᔯଇȶτݎٴ᏾ލȷຠቌޠཏᜌη ௄ޤᜌࣩ֛ژΠ࢈ᏬϜȄӶ්ԥϜ෇਴ॷࣻޠΚഀ՜ఁي׾९ލឋ23 ڸ ȶ᛾׏ӿّٲӈ24 ȷȂϜ෇਴ஷ҅؂໡ӒپԚ࣐᏾ࡤॷ՞୥ࡷႯ୾ઢަ޲ ޠॷࣻȇӶഐࠍԥΚഀ՜Ѣᖏၽ୞Ӷݔܙ໱๊΢ޠࡧՄஆᙄα२ུՄ ᄇȃၜម᏾ލᐤѭȂܣ๙஡СҐᘟดඣᛳ࣐ቖφКܗ߮౲޲ޠȶՍेѭ ᢏȷ25 ȄӶ೼޷२ུຠቌΡ᏾ೱӉޠዙࢻϜȂҰ঩བྷЋॣޠึّηϛᡲ ෇࣐ߨൺཽӤעޠ᛾׏Ҕ՘஠जܼࠊȄ1990 ԒȂӶ௦ڨज୾ᚖᇭȶ߇߇ ϵφȷ஠೥ਣȂҰ঩ߓұȶࠓٶ஢య࢑Ϝ୾΢ਔആяٿޠᗁّȷȂԫّ ΚяҴڔЖକ୾ርᗗ፤ЇኇȂϛկϜ୾࢈ۻණя׫ឋȂӶजޠ๽၃ᐤѭ Ᏹ޲Ҽึߓᖓӫϵ໡߭ȂᖟᜍЇሼҰ঩Ȟചз݀Ȃ1990ȟȄ ࿌ᒶݎٶഎޤٲࡤȂҰ঩έࢋᔇݎٶҀϲޠϜϊᏱᔗ௵ңȶུޏᐤ ѭఁऌਫȷȂٯ஽ښҀϲϵҴ෥ሬᏱਯॷӒٻң၏ޏҐޠఁ؆Ȃԫᖟη ЖକҖ໣Ї᏾ࣃ஽੩׫ឋȂȶུᐤѭఁऌਫጢ᝹ཽȷࣦՎ᎐΢ᖄЭȞҥ ࡧۤȂ2001ȟȄѫѵȂՍ௄ 2000 Ԓ 8 У 15 СॷԪ୥ࡷႯ୾ઢަϟࡤȂ Ұ঩ηԒԒഎӶ᏾ంख܉С౦ስѢᖏყᡞࠊ܂ȂؑΚԪഎЖକЇ᏾΢ς ᇅѢᖏМࡼ޲ޠቒ੩ፑऐȞု؂ҢȂ2001ȟȇ2004 Ԓ 8 УȂуึߓ๞Љ

23 Ϝ෇਴ϲረޠఁي׾९Ξ࢑пȶᐮึན୾௒ᐈȃ੒࡝ঐ΢лဏȷ࣐ۡԠȂߓ౫ܼ ࢋ࢈ࠔםԚᄈఁऌਫޠঔ׾ڸΡ᏾ᐤѭຠቌޠ२զȄ1982 ԒНഌࣹϮΤϜϊᏱఁ ऌਫޠңᇮȂ्ؒ஡ԥᜱСҐᄈѵȶ߮౲ȷޠඣख़Κࡢ׾࣐ȶໍяȷܗȶ߮ΤȷȂ ȶխስȷ׾࣐ȶࣃልȷȂᄈЉࣳΚࡢٻңིᇮȂփଷࠓٶτ஢యΚ࿾Ȃ׾ቹ࣐ȶЖ କϜ୾΢ቒ੩Ї׫ȂСॗҼԬ།Ѡᢏȷ๊ȂδԫᆎᆎࣲЖକϜ୾ȃᗻ୾ીી׫ឋ Ȟ৙࢈Ȃ2005Ȉ225ȟȄ 24 ෇࣐ߨൺཽΚসޠНഌτՌ᛾׏Ҕ՘έӶ 1986 Ԓ 7 У 25 Сޠଅ޲ܤࡠཽαϵด ึߓ֐ۢݎٶቸցȃ֐ᇰ߮౲ᐤѭȂуߓұȈȶԥޠ࢑ᄈР୾ঢ়ᇰѠޠΠȷȂཱུࡿ ࿌ԒСҐᄈ්ܼᘁޠڂ֎Ξ࢑࿌ਣ්ᘁ࢈᠍ܛᇰѠȂՅߩ߮౲ȞIbidȈ241ȟȇ8 У 6 СȂέᇴȶϛᇰ࣐ݎٶቸց࢑Ҕ࿌ޠȄȷ 25 Ս 1970 ԒхକȂᄈܼȶࠓٶτ஢యȷ઎ࣻޠ൷ؒηӶСҐޤᜌࣩആԚᄈҴȂ70 ԒхޠႜФ݃ȃύҐΝ҂๊΢ȂӕՎܼ 80 ԒхϟࡤޠҥϜҔ݃ȃ෯ᜟ݈Κ๊Ᏹ ޲ܗ൭ᡞ΢ીી௄өᆎِ࡚֐ۢࠓٶτ஢యޠ઎ᄃܓȂᇅпҐӼാΚȃঢ়Ҙήॣ ๊΢࣐хߓޠȶࠓٶτ஢య޼ۢ፤ȷ޲םԚԍᎡᄈҴȄ

ࣳޠϵ໡߭ȂڴᢲЉࣳ୥ࡷႯ୾ઢަȂձ࣐Κ୾ϰॷޠЉࣳस૗ழᓟ୥ ࡷႯ୾ઢަȂѠᐮึСҐ΢ޠན୾ЗȂᐍႴς੊Ȃ؂Ѡᡲ᎒୾਍СҐء ᒳݳȄȷ2006 ԒȂҰ঩؂пȶઢॴ੬׿໦ȷ࣐ᚡ؆ኦቹႬኈቒҐȂڦӫ ȶש࣐ղ॔ԬȷȂ੒ਁΚя؂࢑ЖକϜᗻڎ୾ᢚҭᇅЇདȂ౐৽Ґб༉ ႁޠѭᢏӕԪ੐ᅟϾСҐ߮౲ᐤѭȃᅪ୞ҖఋлဏȞ༂๼๼Ȃ2007ȟȄ ᘫાҰ঩བྷЋॣΚၰпٿᜱܼСҐӶΡ᏾ϜѓႇຠቌޠึّȂϛᆔ ࢑ࠓٶτ஢యᛅᅹ፤ȃ्ؒ௵ңȶЇՍेѭᢏȷఁऌਫȃܗ࢑ᅉႷ࣐୾ ਗᙽ޲ȂਰЗᇰᜌณߩ࣐ȶСҐη࢑՚Р߮౲ίޠڨড়޲ȷȄ1990 Ԓ௦ ڨ߇߇ϵφ೥ୱਣȂӶ಴πՅяȶࠓٶτ஢యຏᄻ፤ȷϟࠊȂуܛమፚ ፤ޠڐᄃ࢑СҐޠ঩ᛗدᜳစᡜȈ ୱȈ ӶղޠਫϜ26 Ȃ࣐Πᜍ݃ज୾ᄈСҐԥᆎఋݣຝȂղЖңज୾Ӷτ ᏾ਣᄈСҐٻң঩φኇȂՅߩᄈ኉୾΢Ȅկ࿌኉୾΢ࡈҁ׺७ਣᗚ ءԥ঩φኇȌȌȄ ๏Ȉ שउ࢑ױංоܛԥ΢З၈ޠၘτᖑӵᇴяٿጬΠȂ೼࢑שউτӼ኶ ΢ޠ઎ҔདڨȈη೩೼ཽᡲղউज୾΢᠚କٿϛ๳݉Ȅ ୱȈ կ೼ٯߩٲᄃȄ ๏Ȉ ΚૢՅّȂज୾΢ٯϛޤၿ঩φኇࣕԬӼЎ΢ȂηϛᐏூԬܼਰ᏾ ࡤᒹ઀ޠ΢ԥӼЎȂؑԪණژ೼ᘉȂज୾΢൸ཽЇႇٿᇴȶСҐ΢ ׿ᔟࣣ੶෬ȷȄ ୱȈ ᜳၿСҐޠႇџձ࣐൸ϛ෥መ༞ȉϜС᏾ލ෉໣ܛึҢᜳпဋ߭ ޠτ஢యȂղέࡪቅᇴȉ ๏Ȉ Кᅂᐡᅂࡪቅ૗ڸ঩φݢᏣࣻණٯ፤ȉѻউϛ࢑ΚӲٲȄשউСҐ ΢ձΠࣦቅȉӶ঻၈ึҢႇτ஢యȉ ୱȈ ѬᖟΚঐپφȂ1937 Ԓޠࠓٶτ஢యȂΫ࿳пαޠϜ୾ԼۘೞయȄ

26 ࡿ࿌ਣҔ्ึߓऽណޏȂดฺޏϑစᓎ຀ज୾ϥِτཉᙛណՅࢻ༉ޠȮѠпᇴ NoޠСҐȯȞA Japan That Can Say NoȟΚਫȄ

๏Ȉ ΢উഎᇴСҐཇίτ஢యȂկ೼ٯϛҔጃȄ೼࢑Ϝ୾΢ጢяٿޠᗁ ّȇΚޣ्ԵଚСҐޠםຬȄկ೼࢑ᝀ΢ޠᗁّȄ ೼ࢳ೥ፚޠ௱ໍϜȂѠпึ౫СҐѢᖏፚ፤Ρ᏾စᡜޠڑ࠯፤ݳȈ ΚР८ȶຏГϾȷࠓٶτ஢యޠԬ།኶Ԇࣦܗ઎ᄃܓȂΚР८௢ຨज୾ ђܼ፞СҐρ᝕αޠ།ড়ȇࠊ޲࢑τݎٴӔᄹ୽८ᄈ՚РӶڐϲഌໍ՘ ޠՍשઘᓿᇅՍשៃࣙȂࡤ޲࢑ҦСҐ൑ᑀܜᐋτݎٴӔᄹ୽ϟࡤޠೱ Ӊ॓ᐋȄ೼ᆎᄙ࡚ӶѫΚ጖НതϜ؂ఽྀӵ֖౫Ȉȶשϛ࢑׈ӓ֐ۢτ ஢యޠٲᄃȂשउ࢑ᇴ௄೩Ӽ᠍ࡅၦਠٿࣽȂ࡟וగױڨᜳ޲ޠڏᡞ኶ Ԇ׾࣐Ρ࿳ϳΝξ΢೼ঐྦጃ኶ԆȂܗໍ՘२ུ።ࢦȄ঻ܑ࢑೼ঐ኶Ԇ ޠΫϸϟΚᗚ࢑ԼϸϟΚȂနཏయ΢ಥف࢑ϛ΢ၿޠȂ஢య൸࢑஢యȂ կ࢑ 30 ࿳΢೼ঐЉН኶Ԇࠍ׈ӓ࢑ຏᄻȄӶज୾Ȃԥ΢ϵ໡ऩᇴΥၿȂ ᇴࣦቅȺСҐ΢ӶϜ୾యΠ 30 ࿳΢Ȃਛڎᗼ঩φኇ࢑ဍԥᔗூȄȻज ୾΢Վϭϛޤၿڎᗼ঩φኇفഥٻӼЎСҐ΢ԬܼߩڽȄȷȞ1992Ȉ47-48ȟ Ұ঩Κ८ᄈϜ୾ᇴȶϛ࢑्֐ᇰ஢యȂկϜ୾઎ޠءԥԬ೼ቅӼ΢ȷȂ ѫΚ८ණᒻज୾ȶСҐ࣐Πτݎٴ᏾ލៃࣙΠ؂Ӽ΢ȷȂ೼၈࢑пڨড় ޲࠽ᄙڤೱȂϛ᜺Ҕ८८ᄈϜ୾Ȃᐋ॓କђড়޲ޠೱӉȇՅӶၜម߮౲ ᐤѭਣȂҰ঩௵ڦΠȶՍፐ፤ȷ˕˕ȶҦܼӶዊࢹߗхлဏޠ঩౪Ѭԥ Κ໷Ȃ٦࢑्཮ჵ෦ҖӵȂܗೞ཮ჵ࣐෦ҖӵޠΡᒶΚޠࡕ୾лဏϟΩ ᏱՅϑȄСҐ൸Ӷҭ࿞ึҢܼٴࢹޠ᎒ߗө୾ೞዊࢹӗ஽෦ҖӵϾޠᄟ ݸȂ࣐ΠᗘռСҐηೞ෦ҖӵϾȂ᏾ാఽ୾ȃ߽୾ȂՅᔡໍӗ஽ϟΚȄ կ࢑СҐηᇳΤࡕ୾лဏ೼Κ࿌ਣޠᐤѭ঩౪ȂۣսᡑԚ஽ฺȂՍϐη ්Ӫ෦ҖӵՅᗛໍȄȷȞ2006Ȉ496ȟّፚϜщᅗȶٙϛҦϐȷޠཏکȂ л஼СҐ࢑Ӷԥ४ޠᒶᐆϜ࣐ՍߴՅӪѵ߮౲Ȅ࿌ดѠп״ຠ೼ኻޠདྷ ݳη࢑ુнᑀҴܓޠȂ࢑ȶၶӶዊजޠജኈ၈ޠၚ៞೛ȷȞྜྷπ໱ήȂ 1999ȟȂկ೼ኻޠঢҪ؂ᔔֆשউᕤ၍ΠСҐՎϭᜳ൸᏾ލ߮౲ӓዻၿ ᅈϟ௒དᝪ๗ȈԄݏӪѵ߮౲࢑СҐӱ࣐ϛ૗Ԛ࣐՚РȂпՎܼ҇໹Ӳ

ژٴࢹϘ૗ڦூ՘୞ٙϸȂ׈Ԛ౫хϾໍโȂ٦ቅ൸᏾ލ߮౲Ӫڐуݎ ٴ୾ঢ়ၿᅈȂϛ൸֐ۢΠݎٴ୉࣐ΚᡞȂη൸֐ۢΠ௱୞ᐍঐ౫хϾႇ โޠлᡞቌঅȉ ྜྷπ໱ή෇ࡿяȈСҐѢᖏ་Ӫ௵ڦȶڨড়޲ȷޠ൑८Ӫٿଅᏺ᏾ ލᡞᡜȂՅసנȶђড়޲ȷޠِՔȂ౴ഥңڨড়޲ޠ࠽ᄙᆱࡼ௢ຨޠҔ ࿌ܓ࢑ሊЩձ࣐ਆႇޠђড়޲ሇܿӼΠȞ1999ȟȄԫึ৥ᇅΡԪτ᏾ϟ ࡤज୾௦ԞСҐȃߴ੽ЉࣳښՅռܼ᏾ލЇࣹޠᐤѭԥ౐ڔᖓᛯȂѢᖏ ѭᢏ஡Ћ҂ࢸ᏾ލࣽձ࢑ȶСҐழስٴࢹȃᄈ׫՚РȷޠȶԥՔ΢ᆎᄈ ׫՚Р෦Җ޲ȷȂ঩ᛗޠۨଚӱԫϛѬ࢑СҐҖఋޠۨଚȂӤਣηמ܄ ࢑СҐȶ࣐ΠӓٴࢹȷՅ྆ࢃܜڨޠ२഻ȄՅҦܼബջߢ࿅խስСҐࡤ ٯґᄈ၊ϧЉࣳޠ᏾ލဍೱӼђ೏౪ȂࣦՎӶᗻ᏾ࡤᑗ྄׮ෛСҐѢ ࣃȃ҉ᔟѿࣃȂ೼ٳ࢈ݾ౫ᄃ঎ڤଷΠѢᖏ୾ঢ়лဏ޲Їࣹ᏾ލ઎ᄃೱ ӉޠᔇΩڸሰ्Ȃηٻூڐ୾ঢ়ᢏᘉӶ᏾ࡤϬᗵఓӵߴԇίٿȞϊී໩ ΚȂ2004ȟȄᄈܼᇅҰ঩ϸٵ຀ࣻӤཏᜌםᄙޠ୾ঢ়лဏ޲ٿᇴȂСҐ ӶΡԪτ᏾ϜϑစряΠᄟฯޠхቌȂկڨড়୾ӶСҐޠץഁᖆᄹϜۗ ಥء૗ூژ઎ҔޠቷኒȂӱԫȶࠓٶτ஢యȷϟܼϜ୾΢Ҙሊ࢑Κঐϛ ᘟҢ౱ϫ࡮ᇅኛᘖޠଅᏺᐡᏣȞྜྷπ໱ήȂIbidȟȂկԫૢ௒དᘅྜྷࠔٻ ூڸ၍ϟၰབђज़ሎȄ

ήȃտ᏾ࡤޠϜ୾ࡅૐ፤

Ӷ 1989 ԒϟࠊȂҰ঩ᄈܼϜ୾ഷл्ޠ״ց൸࢑ӶȶЇӔȷଳጤ αึදȂᓎ຀տ᏾Ҡ၍ᇅϜ୾τഛစ׾໡ܺȂȶӔ౱зࣩȷᇅȶՍҦз ࣩȷޠΡϸݳႴਣѷџཏဏȄԫࡤȂҰ঩བྷЋॣܼ࢑௵ڦϛӤঔ᜞஡Ϝ ୾ඣख़Ԛзࣩԋӓᇅᖆᄹޠࡅૐ޲Ȃᄈϲ्ؒСҐᇅϜ୾ቸབྷٿ܂Ȃᄈ ѵڴᢲज୾ᇅٴࢹ፞୾ӔӤණ٪Ȅڏᡞޠᢏᘉєࢃίӗං໷Ȉ

1. ״ցϜӔ஠ښಜݾȂႲّϜ୾஬ዜ

1995ԒӶᇅ଼ٿ՚ٴᖃ౪଼ࠥӵӬ຀ޠȶThe Voice of AsiaȷϜȂ уॷӒ״ցіٶ࢈ۻᄈܼЉԋߟᏱҢၽ୞ޠᚋᔇȂ௦຀ႲّҀൠޠ໡ܺ ஡࣐஠ښ࢈ᡞழٿӼ२ፑᔟȈϛְ๊ޠစᔽϸପ஡य़ٻఋထཏᜌαЁȂ ्ؒՍݾȇՅڨژ՚РၦҐлဏНϾࣀᙅޠݎࠓݽ੖Ȃη஡໌яіٶޠ ାᔇජ௢Ȅᓎ຀іٶ࿌׌ޠኈ៫Ω෶৶ȂϜ୾஡Ҧ໲᠍୾ঢ়ϸය࣐Ӽఋ ӔڸȂٯᒋΤСҐܛስᏳޠτݎٴစᔽ୽ϜȞIshihara and Mahathir, 1995Ȉ142-143ȟȄ2002 Ԓ 6 УޠСज୧ཽαȂҰ঩ӕԪႲขϜ୾ӶΫං Ԓࡤ҇஡ϸບԚ኶ঐϊ୾ঢ়Ȅ 2. Ϝ୾࢑ਰݢࡼԥ୾ȂСҐᔗᇅज୾ᖓКښᒌڐ߮౲ᘘ஼Ȅ Ұ঩བྷЋॣ෇စӼԪӪ୾ርࡿ௢Ϝ୾ॗٲᘘ஼Ȃєࢃ 2000 Ԓ 8 У ௦ڨ኉୾Ȯ݃ᜣ໋ёȯ೥ୱਣᆏȶϜ୾࢑ഷτޠࡅૐȷȇ2001 Ԓ 9 У೥ ୱज୾ਣȂࡿೱϜ୾ӍშӶٴࢹ࡛Ҵȶᘘ஼ࡕ୾ȷȂМପᐍঐٴࢹӵୣȇ 2005Ԓ 11 Уӕ೥๽౿ႴȂҰ঩ӶᅌᇴϜߓұȶजϜस໡᏾Ȃज୾҇ంȷȂ ӱ࣐ȶ᏾ލᘫ਴فۼ֊࢑Ңڽޠ੒૊ȂկϜ୾ءԥ൶२ҢڽޠቌঅᢏȂ Յԥ຀ϵҖަཽޠज୾ࠍϬӊᒧϵҖ؛ۢȂӱԫΚկໍΤ੒૊᏾Ȃ҇ۢ ϛኴϜ୾ȄȷӱԫҰ঩л஼ज୾ᔗ၏ᄈϜ୾௵ڦစᔽࡍᚈȂпႆЦڐॗ ٲᘘ஼ȄഷࡤҰ঩ۧ஽።Ϝ୾Ѡ૗ึ୞ਰ᏾ȈȶजϜϟ໣सԥીލȂϜ ୾༗҇དྷଷ௭ഷᛥಂޠजСԋߴᡞښȂژਣ঑Ϝ୾ޠਰφኇϛ࢑ဤӶੴ ౩Ȃ൸࢑ᄈྦݎٶ֒Ȋ27_ȷ 3. ಌҖȃฺޏࡅૐСҐϲ࢈ᇅහଓ᠍ ϛ༊Ϝ୾࢈ۻ࢑ࡅૐᇨആ޲ȂҰ঩ಂϜޠϜ୾΢ηຬኊ຀ᄈСҐԋ ӓᆌइޠѫΚ᜹ࡅૐȄ᝸ 2000 Ԓޠݣຝȶή୾΢ȷّ፤Жକ୾ርᜱϹ

27 ึࣲّᙾЖՍϜ୾ਣൣ 2005/11/11 ൣᏳȂȶҰ঩ȈϜ୾Ѡ૗ึ୞ਰ᏾ȷȂѫѵҰ঩ ޠၐಡ፤ᜍѠ୥ُ 2005/12/05Ȯ౱စུᆹȯНതȈȶ᥍ᦌᦕᥖᤧാᤞᤶ᣼ȷȞज୾ ҇ంȟhttp://www.sensenfukoku.net/mailmagazine/no42.html

ࡤȂ2003 Ԓ 8 У 4 СҰ঩བྷЋॣέึߓНതȲܾልভٻȂϭϛݳΤ୾ ޲ȳ28 Ȃ៖ೱߩݳϜ୾ಌҖםԚݎٶҀݾԋୱᚡȂҜί୑ฺȃߩݳ҉Ϗ ๊ဍȂέฺޏСҐޠНϾ୧ࠣԺւȂ߮ҜС΢ޠහኌଓ౱᠍ȇҰ঩ӱԫ л஼СҐ࢈ۻሰ्؂ᑗ྄ᆔ౪ޠಌҖ࢈๋ٿ׼ښߩݳಌҖȄ

ѳȃл᠍ୱᚡᇅϜ୾Ҕ८һᎣ

࣐ΠѐᡘСҐӶٴࢹޠӵ՞ȂҰ঩୞ሆӶл᠍ୱᚡڸስρୱᚡαᇅ Ϝ୾Ҕ८ፑऐȂᇨആᆨ஼Ȅ1999 Ԓ 4 У࿌ᒶݎٶഎޤٲࡤȂҰ঩֊Ӷ൭ ᡞ೥ୱϜ൸՚ᙡ΢᠍ୱᚡȃѯ੖ڎۭୱᚡᄈϜ୾τန״ຠȂЖึϜ୾ϛ ਈȄ1999 ԒѯᢋึҢΟΡΚτӵᎫࡤȂҰ঩֊Ӷ 11 Уٿѯ೥ୱȂԚ࣐ 1972 ԒϜС࡛һࡤࠊٿѯᢋ೥ୱቺ઼ഷାޠСҐۣসȂ෉໣Ұ঩ޣّ ȶѯᢋ࢑Κঐ୾ঢ়ȷȂЖକϜӔ׫ឋȂኛࡿڐȶࢆᢑϜ୾л᠍ȷȂഷࡤС ҐϲረѬ૗пȶঐ΢՘࣐ȷӪϜ୾यᅈȄ2000 Ԓ 3 У؄ีᎄڤӉᖃಜᙜ ଡ଼ȂҰ঩བྷЋॣᇅՍҖឪឋস؇αҔ٥᝱ಣېসཽᗝ፝ڐ೥СȂӕ࡚Ж କϜӔᜱϹȞചз݀Ȃ2000aȟȇ4 УȂႁᒧ്კ೥ୱСҐȂҰ঩བྷЋॣ ηॏฬᇅڐ৵ፚȂӕԪആԚϜ୾τ୞ձࢋᔇȞചз݀Ȃ2000bȟȄ2006 ԒȂӶ౱စུᆹαึߓޠȲՍҦѯᢋޠԇӶཏဏȳΚНȂҰ঩ӕԪ״ց Ϝ୾ᄈܼѯᢋᇅ՚ᙡޠᔇय़Ȃڴᢲݎٴө୾ᔗȶӔӤᆱៗѯᢋޠᑀҴ ܓȂпߴሬٴࢹޠԋۢȄ ӶϜС໣ఄདޠл᠍ୱᚡαȂҰ঩ηᓝᓝԥ୞ձȄєࢃՍ 1978 ԒȂ Ұ঩བྷЋॣᇅߨൺཽԚসึକΠСҐР८ޠॷԪȶߴഓȷ՘୞Ȃ༔໲Π Ϋං՞τᏱҢژഓനѯ৭ޠݎࠓРᇑΠΚ৵ᐸ༲ȇ1997 Ԓ 5 УҼԥ᜹ծ ՘୞Ȅ2005 Ԓ 5 УȂӶϜ୾ᛗึᐮ੩ЇСኹ୞ϟርȂҰ঩ᇅҖлឪឋস ݓഐ۸عӔӤ्ؒСҐ࢈ۻࣃᎺՍፐ໦Վഓനѯᆱៗл᠍Ȟചз݀ 2005ȟȂٯйӶ 5 У 25 Сழ຀୾ᄰᎾ಼ีαݎٶݎࠓРΚξӼϵ٩Ȃڏ

28 ୥ُҰ঩བྷЋॣۣРᆪયȈhttp://www.sensenfukoku.net/mailmagazine/no14.html

ԥ᏾౲ቌঅޠȶؠϟഩᕪȷȂӶ৭αදᇇ୾ᄰȃᒒ֜ρӵ29 Ȅ6 УȂҰ঩ བྷЋॣӶϵ໡ፚၘϜ᝸៊ӪСҐ࢈ۻࢋᔇȂჃ֛सϜ୾߮Ҝഓനѯл ᠍ȂСҐ࢈ۻᔗϛ௕ึ୞Κൠȶ୾ρߴፐ᏾ȷȞ΢ҖᆪȂ2007ȟȄδԫᆎ ᆎّ፤എᄉᄉЖକϜ୾ޠϛᅗᇅ׫ឋȄ ᓎ຀೼Κഀ՜ȶϜ୾ࡅૐȷ፤ख़ޠึߓȂഀழᗚ֖౫Κঐट΢൷ک ޠ౫ຬȂ߰࢑Ұ঩ᄈܼज୾ᄙ࡚ޠᙾᡑȄӶҰ঩ᑗ྄Ӫज୾ȶᇴϛȷޠ ਣ෉၈ȂଷΠႮ࢒ӪϜ୾ߓႁ׫ឋޠᖟ୞ϟѵȂҰ঩ࣦЎ஡Ϝ୾ඣᛳ࣐ ୣ஀ԋӓޠࡅૐ޲ȇկᓎ຀ 1997 ϟࡤϜ୾நକ࣐ୣ஀៨лޠᄙ༗བᗎ ݃ጃȂҰ঩ᄈज୾ޠᄙ࡚ηҦࢆᢑഃᅛঔҔ࣐஽።СजӤ࿘ᜱ߾ȃ्ؒ ӔӤ٪ஈϜ୾நକޠஆ።ȄҰ঩ᄈजᄙ࡚ޠᙾᡑٯߩ੬پȂٲᄃαȂу ޠᙾӪᗚЇ࢏ΠСҐޤᜌࣩ८ᄈུ୾ር׌༗ޠϛޤܛ௪30 Ȉᗷดտ᏾๗ ؃ᡲ঩൸ϛᄈ๊ޠСजӤ࿘ᜱ߾؂ђঅூ፵ᅹȂկᓎ຀ϜСᗻ໣ޠᐤѭ །π२ུ௹໡ȂՅϜ୾நକڸ୾ϲݿݲစᔽέםԚᘁ݃ᄈྲȂӡᐡཏᜌ ᡾ЁޠСҐϛ૗ϛ᝸៊ଢᓎज୾Ȃѵһޠଠఌޫ໣ӱՅڨژᔇᕼȄ൸ӵ ጣ࢈ݾٿᇴȂСҐᚕϛ໡ݎٴȂӱՅ҇໹೪ݳڸϜ୾ᆱࡼًԂᜱ߾ȇկ ᐤѭϫ࡮ۧґϾ၍Ȃུޠᝰލᜱ߾ࠍϑ৥໡Ȃܼ࢑ଷΠпȶϜ୾ࡅૐ፤ȷ ٿ׺ৣᄈϜ୾ޠኴཏདྷ჌ѵȂηѬԂ᝸៊ٸߤज୾ȂࣦՎ஛గСजӤ࿘ ૗஋ᇅநକϜޠϜ୾׫ᒌȄ

29 Ѡ୥ُ 2005/06/06 ึߓܼ౱စུᆹޠຠ፤ȶؠ᥹ഩ৭ᤦ䭽౲ޠཏکȷhttp:// www.sensenfukoku.net/mailmagazine/no36.htmlȂҰ঩ӶНϜၐಡᇴ݃Πؠϟഩᕪ ϟܼСҐޠ᏾౲ཏဏȂڴᢲСҐ࢈ۻ਍яᏆΩਜፐл᠍Ȃ٪ЦϜ୾Ӷ՚Ћ҂ࢸᘘ ஼ॗΩȄ 30 ԟӶ 1992 ԒȂKishore Mahbuban ߰пȶᅕਜ਼ѵһȷםৡСҐਜ਼ᕞӶϜजϟ໣ޠ ڎᜳϟძȞ“Japan A Drift”, Foreign Policy 88: 126-144ȟȇѫѵᜱܼСҐӱ࣐ᐋЗݎ ٴ᠍Ω҂ᒌึҢᡑ୞Յוగђ஽СजӤ࿘ᜱ߾ޠঢݚȂѠ୥ُ Yoichi Funabashi. 1998. “Tokyo’s Depression Diplomacy.” Foreign Affairs 77(6)Ȉ 26-36.пІ Wu Xinbo. 2000. “The Security Dimension of Sino-Japanese Relations: Warily Watching One Another.” Asian Survey 40(2): 306

ϥȃᒒѯіȃሊіٶޠ࠳Ҁѵһ

1999ԒҰ঩བྷЋॣ࿌ᒶݎٶഎޤٲࡤȂ֊Ӷ೥ፚϜഇ៪ᒒѯіሊі ٶޠ࢈ݾҴൠȂϛկഇ៪ȶשᇅ؄ีᎄᖃಜ࢑Ԃ݊ЅȂ्҇ޠၘשཽՄ ኍ೥ୱѯіȷȂӤਣߓұȶϜ୾τഛᄈ΢᠍ڸ՚ᙡୱᚡޠҴൠȂᡲשϛ ൊ᠎ҭࠊޠȺϜ୾Ȼ࿌׌ȄݎٶᇅіٶޠഎҀһࢻϛሰ्ϜЦȂկԄݏ Κ्ۢࣃ΢୥ђȂש஡ཽࡿࣃ୚ޤٲࠊ܂ȄȞചз݀Ȃ1999ȟȷՅуηᇴ ژ୉ژȂӶ࿌Ԓ 11 У߰೥ୱΠѯᢋኒୱ 921 τӵᎫد௒ȂկӤΚԒݎ ٶіٶۙۑҀጛһޠ 20 ໋ԒኋȂࠔ༊ࣃ୚ޤٲࠊ܂यཏȄᖃॏ௄ 1999 ԒαӉݎٶഎޤٲ٠ϭȂҰ঩བྷЋॣՎЎࠊٿѯᢋϥԪϟӼȂկࠔ௄ґ ೥ୱіٶȂЖକіٶҀҀߞӶ 2005 Ԓ೥ୱСҐਣܳ࡫ȈȶуࢌϛٿіٶȂ ηϛܤࡠש೥ୱݎٶȂ཭ড়СϜϟ໣ӵРޠЅԂஆᙄȄȷȞϜ୾ຠ፤ུ ᆹᆪ 2005ȟ 2000 ԒȂҰ঩བྷЋॣᇅήঐٴࢹ࠳ҀӔӤึକΠȶٴࢹл्എҀ ᆪȷȂߵໍٴЋӵୣл्࠳Ҁϟ໣ޠһࢻȂ೼Ѡпຝ࣐۾៊Ұ঩࡛ᄻٴ ࢹп८ᄈज୾ޠևΩȂӱԫ֊ٻҰ঩ϛ৤ᇅϜ୾܂ٿȂϬᇰᜌژіٶޠ ୥ᇅϛѠܗુȄկ 2004 ԒԒཽਣѯіᇅіٶލჵ 2005 Ԓлᒳ᠍Ȃᄃࠍ ӶҰ঩ޠ᝱ᒘϟίȂആԚіٶϛᅗڟឋ๗ݏȂܣ๙᛬ဎӔӤᖑ݃ȶ໰ђ ႁࡈّȷȂܼ࢑ଞялᒳȄіٶଞяࡤȂҰ঩ᑗ྄ڟ።ѯіණࠊлᒳȂ ܼ࢑ѯі஡঩ॐܼ 2006 ԒऎЉᖟᒳޠಒϳ۪ԒཽණࠊՎ၏Ԓ 4 Уᖟ ՘Ȃཽস୾ܼ࢑Ӷѯі໡ΠΚൠءԥіٶޠٴࢹ࠳ҀτཽȄҰ঩ᄈܼі ٶޠુৱ༊ߓұȶߩளᒹᏻȷȂϜ୾൭ᡞࠍޣࡿіٶޠુৱ࢑Ұ঩ஆܼ ᒒѯҴൠޠȶജᒘȷȞࢷԏᆪȂ2005ȟȄ

Ӄȃх๗፤ȈҰ঩བྷЋॣޠዊٴଝ૟

еࡏӶȮߗхСҐޠٴಡٴлဏȯϜ෇ࡿяȈȶߗхСҐ΢ޠ୾ር ᢏ࢑ӶȺݎࢸᄈ՚ࢸȃН݃ᄈഐᢎȻޠਲ࢝ϲםԚޠȄӶࡹၿ኉ฬጤਣȂ СҐױՍϐდᘫ࣐ݎࢸȄӶࡹН݃ฬጤਣȂСҐέױՍϐდᘫ࣐՚ࢸȄȷ Ȟ2004Ȉ217ȟᖃ๗Ұ঩བྷЋॣޠึّȂ೼ኻޠ֩ඌٸดԇӶȄᏒᆔҰ ঩བྷЋॣᄈज୾ᇅϜ୾എԥܛ״ցȂկڎ޲ձ࣐СҐ୾ঢ়ޠȶࡅૐȷȂ ཏဏढ़ดϛӤȈҰ঩πϜޠज୾࢑Κঐᢎᐘޠᔇय़޲Ȃпୄ๢ޠзࣩឍ ᄇ࠽ᄙѳ೏ϔਗ਼ȂՅСҐ݃݃ԥ૗Ωᇅϟ҂କ҂ֳȂࠔέӱጴՔϟࢉڨ ᅿݣຝȂӱԫ҇ூђп៖ೱȂٯйпٴࢹ੬ԥޠН݃ቌঅٿᖑᆏСҐЩ ज୾؂ᓻ຺Ȃ௄Յᇅϟᝰഃ඾ႈ៨᠍࠽ᄙȄࣻᄈޠȂϜ୾ࠍ࢑Κঐဤࡤ ޠȃЇ΢᠍ޠȃϛᒴԉН݃зࣩၾᔜ೤ࠍޠഭྯᇨആ޲ȂӤਣέ࢑ٴࢹ ԋӓޠࡅૐ޲ȂӱԫСҐϛਣпН݃ܜၸ޲ޠ࠽ᄙᄈϜ୾ࡿࡿᘉᘉȂࣦ ՎණᒻॗٲӤ࿘ޠज୾Κକ٪ጓϜ୾ȄҰ঩དྷழ຀ٴࢹᄈ׫՚РȂ࢑ፓ ᇨ᏾ࠊСҐҦȶ಴ٴȷՅȶᑺٴȷޠშԓȂᎎ௬ڐϛೞज୾҂๊௦ાޠ ޒᄙȇկ࿌Ϝ୾စᔽົ຺СҐޠႲّጼ۾ȂࣦՅᇅСҐᝰഃୣ஀៨лȂ Ұ঩έ҇໹ܝ຀СजӤ࿘ޠΩ໕ٿᆙښϜ୾Ȃ௄Յ஽።ڐЩϜ୾؂ᓻ ຺ȃ؂ಓᔗ౫хܓޠН݃ٙӌȄ ดՅ࡭࡭࢑ӶҰ঩ᄈܼϜ୾ޠ׫ܣϜȂഇ៪я᏾ࡤСҐ୾ঢ়፤ख़ٸ ႃӶዊٴϟ໣Ȃณঢ়Ѡᘫޠ֩ๅȄ௄᏾ࠊޠࡕ୾лဏאၰژ᏾ࡤޠစᔽ τ୾ၰጤȂСҐޠ୾ঢ়лဏ࢑ଢᓎ຀՚РН݃ޠ඾зቌঅՅҼؐҼᗎึ ৥କٿȇ೪सစᐤӔ౱९ڽȃٯйϛ᜺௦ڨҖлᡞښޠϜ୾૗஋ೞзࣩ ܛ௦ાȂ๊ܼ֐ۢСҐႇџпȶН݃Ͼȷ࣐୳Κዀྦޠึ৥क़ၭȂη֐ ۢпٴࢹΚᡞލڦᇅ՚Р҂๊ޠ᜺గȄ೼ኻޠڎᜳϟძณѾϛѾӵථ៪ ΠҰ঩ན୾፤ख़ޠဌߟȈҦܼҰ঩ᒶᐆп౫хϾȃН݃Ͼޠโ࡚ٿ༳щ СҐޠлᡞϲోȂ೼ٻуޠ୾ঢ়лဏ፤ख़ѷџΠӉե՚Рཏᜌםᄙђп

ࢆ᏾ޠਞΩȂՅѬ૗ᆨଢ຀ज୾ޠရؐڸज୾ܛ೪ဋޠዀྦȂٿࣩۢС Ґޠ๋౲ȄҔԄ଩ϣޣᐚȞNaoki Sakai, 1997Ȉ157ȟӶϸݚ᏾ࡤСҐึ ৥စᡜਣܛࡿяޠȂ੬ੇлဏڸ඾ႈлဏϟ໣ԇӶ຀Ϥ࣐ߓ၈ȃࣻϤם ༮ᜍԚޠᜱ߾Ȃ᏾ࡤСҐᄈܼ౫хܓޠଢؒȂڐᄃ࢑пСҐޠȶज୾Ͼȷ ࣐ҭዀȂӱԫࢌϑณΩᄈСҐޠึ৥ዂԓණяЇࣹȂ٦ቅ֊߰ᒶᐆΠп ੬ੇϾޠСҐҖఋлဏםԓٿ״ցज୾ȂഷಥࠔѬ࢑ӕԪጃᇰज୾ቌঅ ޠᓻ຺ܓȂη஽ϾΠСҐޠณΩདȄ ϛӤܼ᏾ࠊ಴ٴ፤޲ޠ࢑ȂΚԼԒࠊޠϜ୾࢑ᓎਣѠ૗Ҡ၍ޠ৶ ޲ȂҰ঩ܛ८ᄈޠϜ୾ࠔ࢑Κঐц᏾ࡤСҐޤᜌࣩᅗᛅཝޟޠᄈຬȂη ࢑ΚঐԟϑٗяՍϐȶ੬ՔȷޠུϜ୾Ȃпय஡ڐԞጢΤτݎٴӔᄹ୽ ޠѠ૗ܓϑϛԇȂѬԂ஡ڐඣᛳ࣐ഐᢎޠࢻݥ୾ঢ়Ȃܗ࢑ᓎਣѠ૗஬ዜ ޠ૓৶࢈ᡞȄӱԫҰ঩ޠȶϜ୾ࡅૐ፤ȷᇅȶϜ୾஬ዜ෉ࡠ፤ȷ࣐ଢؒ СҐ౫хτ୾ٙϸޠΚᡞڎ८ȂΚ८ឍ֚຀Ϝ୾ڏԥޠ዗ӶࡅૐȂΚ८ ࠔέႲّ຀Ϝ୾౫ԇϛӬ౪ᡞښޠ҇ด஬၍ȄԄӤ᏾ࠊࡧདྷঢ়८ᄈϜ୾ ਣޠ܂ߖࡧᒲΚૢȂҰ঩ਣՅпȶٴࢹಒΚȷޠདྷ჌ᄈ׫՚РȂਣՅέ Ӷ՚РޠജኈίᔯᖟϜ୾ޠϛӬ೤ጓȇᚕ໡ٴࢹȂСҐծоϛঅூ՚Р ൶२Ȃկ࡛ᄻٴࢹȂСҐέծоณݳ೏౪ᑀՍநକޠϜ୾Ȅ८ᄈ຀ᜳп ۢ՞ޠϜ୾ȂСҐӶዊٴϟ໣ޠᅕࢻٸดଝ૟Ȅ

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ύࡊ߭ΚȂȞ2004ȟȂȲ८ӪґٿޠӲᏺɯу޲ᇰᜌڸ഻࡛ޠຝِȳȂȮϜ ୾ᇅСҐޠу޲ᇰᜌȈϜСᏱ޲ޠӔӤ௥ଇȯȂϜ୾ަཽऌᏱःف ጢȂіٶȈަཽऌᏱНᝧяޏަȄ Ұϟ࿋Ȃ෇ই๶Ȃ؄ӷϟȂȞ2007ȟȂȲСҐߗхϜ୾ᏱȈޤᜌѠ֐၍ܺ ٙӌȳȂϜ୾ަཽऌᏱଲଲё 163 ෉Ȅ

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΢ҖᆪȞ2007ȟȂȲСҐᓟဵЇ๽ӌφ˕Ұ঩བྷЋॣȳȂ1 У 12 СȄhttp:// big5.china.com.cn/international/txt/2007-01/12/content_7644506.htmȄ Ϝ୾ຠ፤ུᆹᆪȞ2005ȟȂȲеאύ఑СҐήᑫޤٲ៖ೱҰ঩བྷЋॣȳȂ 11У 4 СȄ ҥࡧۤȞ2001ȟȂȲݎٶϵҴ෥ሬᏱਯ௵ңུᐤѭఁऌਫτԱୋήॣฯ ״ȳȂ8 У 9 СȂᖓӬൣ 5 ޏȄ ചз݀Ȟ1990ȟȂȲ௦ڨȺ߇߇ϵφȻ೥ୱСҐί۪ॷࣻ΢ᒶҰ঩བྷЋॣȈ Ⱥࠓٶτ஢యȂϜ୾΢ጢആޠȻȳȂ9 У 8 СȂᖓӬൣȂ6 ޏȄ Ȟ1999ȟȂȲҰ঩ᒒѯіሊіٶȳȂ4 У 15 СȂᖓӬൣ 13 ޏȄ Ȟ2000aȟȂȲСឋস஡᝱ಣېসཽᗝ೥؄ᖃಜіٶ२Ҩ஁؛ЇᄈҴ ൠȳȂ3 У 8 СȂᖓӬൣ A14 ޏȄ Ȟ2000bȟȂȲіٶᇅСҐѵଡ଼ࣹ஽τᔇΩίႁᒧܱС೥ୱϛᇅҰ঩ ཽ८ȳȂ4 У 14 СȂᖓӬൣ A14 ޏȄ

Ȟ2005ȟȂȲЇϜЁྤҰ঩བྷЋॣΩߵഓനѯᎺॗȳȂ5 У 3 СȂᖓ Ӭൣ A14 ޏȄ ࢷԏᆪȞ2005ȟȂȲ׫ឋѯލлᒳ᠍іٶଞяٴࢹл्എҀᆪȳȂ9 У 3 СȂ http://www.qzwb.com/gb/content/2005-09/03/content_1785421.htmȄ ༂๼๼Ȟ2007ȟȂȲҰ঩ུбЖލឋઢॴ੬׿໦ऽࠎ॔Ԭȉजᝌᇳ၍ȳȂ3 У 1 СȂϜ୾ਣൣ 14 ޏȄ ུ๽ަȞ2005ȟȂȲҰ঩བྷЋॣีؠϟഩᕪȳȂ5 У 25 СȂhttp://news.sina.! com.cn/w/2005-05-25/12226744932.shtmȄ ု؂ҢȞ2001ȟȂȶСѢࣃᇅЇ᏾ұࡅ޲Ȃτ҉яКȷȂ8 У 16 СȂᖓӬ ൣ 11 ޏȄ ᖓӬൣȞ1973aȟȂȲСՍҖឪԒሇឋসпಣԚߨൺཽ⛹՗࣐࿘ᇲᇅӔឪ ձ᏾ȳȂ7 У 19 СȂѳޏȄ Ȟ1973bȟȂȲСҐȺߨൺཽȻཽস௵ڦ݃ጃЇӔ՘୞ȳȂ7 У 21 СȂ ѳޏȄ

Displaced in Modernity: The

Question of Ishihara Shintaro

Ya-Han Chuang

Abstract

Widely known for his nationalistic view of Japan’s international status, Ishihara Shintaro is commonly considered the most eminent character among Japan’s right wing politicians. This article reviews his comments on Japan’s history and foreign relation and examines his deeper motivation to resist US and China so as to ensure Japan’s status as a modern, civilized nation-state. In doing so, the linkage between Ishihara’s ideology and that of the Japanese intellectuals before World War Two is unveiled: both try to depreciate China while enabling Japan to challenge the West as Asia’s leader. However, contemporary China’s rise makes it impossible to disdain China as Ishihara’s predecessors have done, and thus his critique is trapped in a different dilemma.

Keywords: Asia, Asianism, China, Cold War, Ishihara Shintaro, Japan, Normal State