大学计算机基础教程（Windows 7+Office 2010） - 万水书苑-出版资源网

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ぜ̰䘘ܶപ⵰⤶䃪ヷ

ኄ 1 ቦ ᝠካ఻۳ᆩᅼគ

ॴࠓޙസݯԅ֟Ⴚރ࿫ဈd ॴࠓޙസݯᄯ໰๯ԅζವူӉ҅Ӧสd ॴࠓޙസݯຂහᆦюူฑݯݮ·ଅᄢd ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎᰃ 20 Ϫ㑾Ҏ㉏᳔ӳ໻ⱘথᯢПϔǄ䱣ⴔ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᑓ⊯ᑨ⫼ˈҎ㉏⼒Ӯ⫳⌏ⱘ ৘Ͼᮍ䴶䛑থ⫳њᎼ໻ⱘব࣪Ǆ⡍߿ᰃᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎᡔᴃ੠㔥㒰ᡔᴃⱘ催䗳থሩˈՓ䅵ㅫᴎ䗤⏤ 䍄䖯њᆊᒁˈℷᬍবⴔҎӀⱘ⫳⌏ᮍᓣˈ៤Ў⫳⌏੠Ꮉ԰Ёϡৃ㔎ᇥⱘᎹ݋ˈᥠᦵ䅵ㅫᴎⱘՓ ⫼ᮍ⊩г៤ЎҎӀᖙϡৃᇥⱘᡔ㛑ǄᴀゴЏ㽕ҟ㒡䅵ㅫᴎⱘ෎⸔ⶹ䆚ˈࣙᣀ䅵ㅫᴎⱘথሩǃߚ ㉏ǃᑨ⫼੠㒘៤ˈҹঞ䅵ㅫᴎЁֵᙃⱘ㸼⼎Ϣ䖤ㅫㄝǄ

1.1 ᝠካ఻ᄊԧ࡙ԣऄၹ

1.1.1 ᝠካ఻ᄊ̗ၷ֗ԧ࡙

1ĕޙസݯԅСಓ Ϫ⬠Ϟ㄀ϔৄ⬉ᄤ᭄ᄫ䅵ㅫᴎ䆲⫳Ѣ 1946 ᑈˈপৡЎ

ENIAC˄඗ሐ䰓ܟ˅ǄENIAC ᰃ Electronic Numerical Integrator

and Calculator˄⬉ᄤ᭄ᄫ⿃ߚ䅵ㅫᴎ˅ⱘ㓽ݭǄ䖭ৄ䅵ㅫᴎ Џ 㽕 ᰃ ⬅ 㕢 ೑ ᆒ ໩ ⊩ ሐ Ѯ ໻ ᄺ 㥿 ᇨ ⬉ ⇨ Ꮉ ⿟ ᄺ 䰶 ⱘ J.W.Mauchly˄㥿༛㦅˅੠ J.P.Eckert˄඗ܟ⡍˅Ў㾷އᔍ䘧䅵ㅫ䯂乬㗠ЏᣕⷨࠊⱘǄENIAC 䅵ㅫᴎ˄བ೒ 1-1 ᠔⼎˅Փ ⫼њ 18000 ໮Ͼ⬉ᄤㅵǃ10000 ໮Ͼ⬉ᆍ఼ǃ7000 Ͼ⬉䰏ǃ 1500໮Ͼ㒻⬉఼ˈ㗫⬉ 150 ग⪺ˈ䞡䞣䖒 30 ৼˈऴഄ䴶⿃ Ў 170 ᑇᮍ㉇Ǆᅗⱘ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺЎ 5000 ⃵/⾦Ǆ 1944 ᑈ 7 ᳜ˈ㕢㈡ࣜ⠭߽⾥ᄺᆊރg䇎ձ᳐म຿೼㥿ᇨ ⬉⇨Ꮉ⿟ᄺ䰶খ㾖њℷ೼㒘㺙ⱘ ENIAC 䅵ㅫᴎˈᑊ೼ℸПৢᵘᗱњϔϾ᳈ᅠᭈⱘ䅵ㅫᴎԧ㋏ᮍ ḜǄ1946 ᑈˈҪ᪄ݭњϔӑǉ݇Ѣ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎ䘏䕥㒧ᵘ߱᥶Ǌⱘ᡹ਞǄ䆹᡹ਞ㄀ϔ⃵ᦤߎњĀᄬ ټ⿟ᑣā䖭Ͼܼᮄⱘὖᗉˈ༴ᅮњᄬټ⿟ᑣᓣ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ⧚䆎෎⸔ˈ⹂ゟњ⦄ҷ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵘˈ ৢᴹ䖭⾡㒧ᵘ㹿⿄Ўރg䇎ձ᳐ԧ㋏㒧ᵘǄ䖭ӑ᡹ਞᰃҎ㉏䅵ㅫᴎথሩ৆ϞϔϾ䞡㽕ⱘ䞠⿟⹥ˈ ೒ 1-1 Ϫ⬠㄀ϔৄ䅵ㅫᴎ ENIAC

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ḍ᥂ރg䇎ձ᳐ᦤߎⱘᬍ䖯ᮍḜˈ⾥ᄺᆊӀⷨࠊߎ㄀ϔৄ݋᳝ᄬټ⿟ᑣࡳ㛑ⱘ䅵ㅫᴎü EDVACǄEDVAC ⬅䖤ㅫ఼ǃ᥻ࠊ఼ǃᄬټ఼ǃ䕧ܹ䆒໛੠䕧ߎ䆒໛ 5 䚼ߚ㒘៤ˈՓ⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊ 䖯㸠䖤ㅫ᪡԰ǄᣛҸ੠᭄᥂џܜ㹿ᄬټࠄ䅵ㅫᴎЁˈ䅵ㅫᴎ߭ᣝ✻ᄬܹⱘ⿟ᑣ㞾ࡼᠻ㸠ᣛҸǄ EDVACⱘ䯂ϪՓރg䇎ձ᳐ᦤߎⱘᄬټ⿟ᑣⱘᗱᛇ੠㒧ᵘ䆒䅵ᮍḜ៤Ў⦄ᅲǄᯊ㟇Ҟ᮹ˈ ⦄ҷ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎҡ✊㹿⿄Ўރg䇎ձ᳐䅵ㅫᴎǄ 2ĕޙസݯԅ֟Ⴚࠈխ Ң 1946 ᑈ㕢೑ⷨࠊ៤ࡳϪ⬠Ϟ㄀ϔৄ⬉ᄤ᭄ᄫ䅵ㅫᴎ㟇Ҟˈᣝ䅵ㅫᴎ᠔䞛⫼ⱘ⬉ᄤ఼ӊ ᴹߦߚˈ䅵ㅫᴎⱘথሩᏆ㒣ग़њҹϟಯϾ䰊↉˖ ˄1˅㄀ϔ䰊↉໻㑺Ў 1946 ᑈ㟇 1957 ᑈˈ䅵ㅫᴎ᠔䞛⫼ⱘ⬉ᄤ఼ӊᰃ⬉ᄤㅵ˄བ೒ 1-2 ᠔⼎˅Ǆ䖭⾡䅵ㅫᴎⱘԧ⿃कߚᑲ໻ˈ៤ᴀᕜ催ˈৃ䴴ᗻԢˈ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺ᜶Ǆ㄀ϔҷ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䖤 ㅫ䗳ᑺϔ㠀Ў↣⾦޴ग⃵㟇޴ϛ⃵Ǆ䕃ӊᮍ䴶ҙҙ߱ℹ⹂ᅮњ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵ⱘὖᗉˈԚᇮ᮴㋏㒳䕃 ӊৃ㿔Ǆ䕃ӊЏ㽕Փ⫼ᴎ఼䇁㿔ˈՓ⫼㗙ᖙ乏⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊ㓪ⷕⱘᴎ఼䇁㿔ᴹ㓪ݭ⿟ᑣǄ݊ᑨ⫼乚 ඳҙ䰤Ѣݯџ੠⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫǄ ˄2˅㄀Ѡ䰊↉໻㑺Ў 1958 ᑈ㟇 1964 ᑈˈ䅵ㅫᴎ᠔䞛⫼ⱘ⬉ᄤ఼ӊᰃ᱊ԧㅵ˄བ೒ 1-3 ᠔⼎˅ˈ䖭㉏䅵ㅫᴎⱘԧ⿃㓽ᇣˈ䞡䞣ޣ䕏ˈ៤ᴀ䰡Ԣˈᆍ䞣ᠽ໻ˈࡳ㛑๲ᔎˈৃ䴴ᗻ໻໻ᦤ 催ǄЏᄬټ఼䞛⫼⺕㢃ᄬټ఼ˈ໪ᄬټ఼ᓔྟՓ⫼⺕Ⲭˈᑊᦤկњ䕗໮ⱘ໪䚼䆒໛Ǆᅗⱘ䖤ㅫ 䗳ᑺᦤ催ࠄ↣⾦޴ϛ⃵㟇޴कϛ⃵ǄՓ⫼㗙㛑໳⫼᥹䖥㞾✊䇁㿔ⱘ催㑻⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔ᮍ֓ഄ㓪 ݭ⿟ᑣǄᑨ⫼乚ඳгᠽ໻ࠄ᭄᥂໘⧚ǃџࡵㅵ⧚੠ᎹϮ᥻ࠊㄝᮍ䴶Ǆ ೒ 1-2 ⬉ᄤㅵ ೒ 1-3 ᱊ԧㅵ ˄3˅㄀ϝ䰊↉໻㑺Ў 1965 ᑈ㟇 1970 ᑈˈ䅵ㅫᴎ᠔䞛⫼ⱘ⬉ᄤ఼ӊᰃᇣ㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃੠Ё 㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃˄བ೒ 1-4 ᠔⼎˅Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎⱘԧ⿃໻໻㓽ᇣˈ៤ᴀ䖯ϔℹ䰡Ԣˈ㗫⬉䞣᳈ⳕˈৃ䴴 ᗻ᳈催ˈࡳ㛑᳈ࡴᔎ໻Ǆ݊䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺᏆ䖒ࠄ↣⾦޴कϛ⃵㟇޴ⱒϛ⃵Ǆݙᄬᆍ䞣໻ᐙᑺ๲ࡴǄ ೼䕃ӊᮍ䴶ˈߎ⦄њ໮⾡催㑻䇁㿔ˈᑊᓔྟՓ⫼᪡԰㋏㒳Ǆ᪡԰㋏㒳Փ䅵ㅫᴎⱘㅵ⧚੠Փ⫼ব ᕫ᳈ࡴᮍ֓Ǆℸᯊˈ䅵ㅫᴎᏆᑓ⊯ᑨ⫼Ѣ⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫǃ᭛ᄫ໘⧚ǃ㞾ࡼ᥻ࠊϢֵᙃㅵ⧚ㄝᮍ䴶Ǆ ˄4˅㄀ಯ䰊↉Ң 1971 ᑈ䍋ࠄ⦄೼ˈ䅵ㅫᴎܼ䴶䞛⫼໻㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃˄Large Scale

Integrated CircuitˈLSI˅੠䍙໻㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃˄Very Large Scale Integrated CircuitˈVLSI˅԰

Ў⬉⇨఼ӊˈབ೒ 1-5 ᠔⼎Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᄬټᆍ䞣ǃ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺ੠ࡳ㛑䛑᳝ᵕ໻ⱘᦤ催ˈᦤկⱘ⹀ ӊ੠䕃ӊ᳈ࡴЄᆠ੠ᅠ୘Ǆ೼䖭Ͼ䰊↉ˈ䅵ㅫᴎᓔྟ৥Ꮌൟ੠ᖂൟϸᵕথሩˈߎ⦄њᖂൟ䅵ㅫ ᴎǄᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘߎ⦄Փ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᑨ⫼䖯ܹњさ亲⣯䖯ⱘথሩᯊᳳˈ⡍߿ᰃᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎϢ໮ၦ ԧᡔᴃⱘ㒧ড়ᇚ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ⫳ѻ੠ᑨ⫼᥼৥њᮄⱘ催╂Ǆ ⦄೼ˈ໻໮᭄䅵ㅫᴎҡ✊ᰃރg䇎ձ᳐ൟ䅵ㅫᴎˈ㗠ҎӀгℷ䆩೒さ⸈ރg䇎ձ᳐䆒䅵 ᗱᛇˈᑊϨপᕫњϔѯ䖯ሩˈབ᭄᥂⌕䅵ㅫᴎǃᱎ㛑䅵ㅫᴎㄝˈℸ㉏䅵ㅫᴎ㒳⿄Ў䴲ރg䇎ձ ᳐ൟ䅵ㅫᴎǄ

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೒ 1-4 䲚៤⬉䏃 ೒ 1-5 ໻㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃 ˄5˅㄀Ѩ䰊↉˖ᱎ㛑䅵ㅫᴎǄ ᔧࠡ៥ӀՓ⫼ⱘ㄀ಯҷ䅵ㅫᴎ㱑✊Ꮖ݋᳝ᶤѯĀᱎ㛑āˈԚᰃϢҎ㛥Ⳍ↨䖬ᰒᕫⳌᔧĀᛮ 㷶āǄ↨བ㄀ಯҷ䅵ㅫᴎϡ㛑䖯㸠㘨ᛇǃ᥼⧚੠ᄺдㄝ᱂䗮ⱘᱎ㛑⌏ࡼˈгϡ㛑⧚㾷Ҏⱘ䇁НǄ ಴ℸЎ䗖ᑨ᳾ᴹ⼒Ӯֵᙃ࣪ⱘ㽕∖ˈ20 Ϫ㑾 80 ᑈҷ߱ˈ᮹ᴀǃ⃻㕢ㄝ೑ᆊᦤߎњ㄀Ѩҷ䅵ㅫ ᴎⱘὖᗉˈᑊⴔ᠟ⷨおǄ㄀Ѩҷ䅵ㅫᴎᰃᡞֵᙃ䞛䲚ǃᄬټǃ໘⧚ǃ䗮ֵৠҎᎹᱎ㛑㒧ড়೼ϔ 䍋ⱘᱎ㛑䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳Ǆᅗ㛑䖯㸠᭄ؐ䅵ㅫ੠䴶৥ⶹ䆚໘⧚ˈ݋᳝ᔶᓣ࣪᥼⧚ǃ㘨ᛇǃᄺд੠㾷䞞ⱘ㛑࡯ˈ㛑໳ᐂࡽҎӀ䖯㸠߸ᮁǃއㄪǃᓔᢧ᳾ⶹ乚ඳ੠㦋ᕫᮄⱘⶹ䆚ˈᑊ䗮䖛㞾✊䇁㿔˄ໄ ䷇ǃ᭛ᄫ˅៪೒ᔶ೒ڣᅲ⦄Ҏ̣ᴎП䯈ⱘֵᙃѸᤶǄ݊෎ᴀ㒧ᵘ䗮ᐌ⬅䯂乬∖㾷Ϣ᥼⧚ǃⶹ䆚 ᑧㅵ⧚੠ᱎ㛑࣪Ҏᴎ᥹ষϝϾ෎ᴀᄤ㋏㒳㒘៤Ǆ 3ĕฑ໸ޙസݯԅ֟Ⴚ ᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎ䆲⫳Ѣ 20 Ϫ㑾 70 ᑈҷǄҎӀ䗮ᐌᡞᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎিخ PC˄Personal Computer˅ ᴎ៪ϾҎ⬉㛥Ǆᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎԧ⿃ᇣˈᅝ㺙੠Փ⫼कߚᮍ֓Ǆϔৄᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䘏䕥㒧ᵘৠḋ䙉 ᕾރg䇎ձ᳐ԧ㋏㒧ᵘˈ⬅䖤ㅫ఼ǃ᥻ࠊ఼ǃᄬټ఼ǃ䕧ܹ䆒໛੠䕧ߎ䆒໛Ѩ໻䚼ߚ㒘៤Ǆ݊ Ё䖤ㅫ఼੠᥻ࠊ఼˄CPU˅㹿䲚៤೼ϔϾ㢃⠛Ϟˈ⿄Ўᖂ໘⧚఼Ǆᖂ໘⧚఼ⱘᗻ㛑އᅮⴔᖂൟ 䅵ㅫᴎⱘᗻ㛑ǄϪ⬠Ϟ⫳ѻᖂ໘⧚఼ⱘ݀ৌЏ㽕᳝ IntelǃAMDǃIBM ㄝ޴ᆊǄ ϟ䴶䆺㒚њ㾷ϔϟ Intel ݀ৌᖂ໘⧚఼ⱘথሩग़⿟Ǆ 1971ᑈˈᔧᯊ Intel ݀ৌ᥼ߎњϪ⬠Ϟ㄀ϔৄᖂ໘⧚఼ 4004Ǆᅗᰃ⫼Ѣ䅵ㅫ఼ⱘ 4 ԡᖂ໘ ⧚఼ˈ৿᳝ 2300 Ͼ᱊ԧㅵǄ߽⫼䖭⾡ᖂ໘⧚఼㒘៤њϪ⬠Ϟ㄀ϔৄᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎ MCS-4ǄIntel ݀ৌѢ 1972 ᑈ᥼ߎњ 8008ˈ1973 ᑈ᥼ߎњ 8080ˈᅗӀⱘᄫ䭓Ў 8 ԡǄ 1978ᑈ੠ 1979 ᑈˈIntel ݀ৌܜৢ᥼ߎњ 8086 ੠ 8088 㢃⠛ˈᅗӀ䛑ᰃ 16 ԡᖂ໘⧚఼ˈ ݙ৿ 29000 Ͼ᱊ԧㅵˈᯊ䩳乥⥛Ў 4.77MHzˈഄഔᘏ㒓Ў 20 ԡˈৃՓ⫼ 1MB ݙᄬǄ1981 ᑈ

8᳜ˈIBM ݀ৌᅷᏗ IBM PC ᖂᴎ䴶ϪǄ㄀ϔৄ IBM PC 䞛⫼ Intel ݀ৌⱘ 8088 ᖂ໘⧚఼ˈᑊ

䜡㕂њᖂ䕃݀ৌⱘ MS-DOS ᪡԰㋏㒳ǄIBM ⿡ৢজ᥼ߎњᏺ᳝ 10MB ⹀Ⲭⱘ IBM PC/XTǄIBM

PC੠ IBM PC/XT ៤Ў 20 Ϫ㑾 80 ᑈҷ߱Ϫ⬠ᖂᴎᏖഎⱘЏ⌕ѻકǄ

1982ᑈˈIntel 80286 䯂ϪǄᅗᰃϔ⾡ᷛޚⱘ 16 ԡᖂ໘⧚఼ǄIBM ݀ৌ䞛⫼ Intel 80286 ᥼

ߎњᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎ IBM PC/ATǄ

1985ᑈˈIntel ݀ৌ᥼ߎ 32 ԡᖂ໘⧚఼ 80386Ǆ1989 ᑈˈIntel 80486 䯂ϪǄᅗᰃϔ⾡ᅠܼ

32ԡⱘᖂ໘⧚఼Ǆ

1993ᑈˈIntel ݀ৌ᥼ߎњᮄϔҷᖂ໘⧚఼ Pentium˄༨㝒˅Ǆ㱑✊ᅗҡ✊ሲѢ 32 ԡ㢃⠛˄32

ԡᇏഔˈ64 ԡ᭄᥂䗮䘧˅ˈԚ݋᳝ RISCˈᢹ᳝䍙㑻ᷛ䞣䖤ㅫǃঠѨ㑻ᣛҸ໘⧚⌕∈㒓ˈݡ䜡 Ϟ᳈ܜ䖯ⱘ PCI ᘏ㒓ˈՓᗻ㛑໻Ўᦤ催ǄIntel ೼ Pentium ໘⧚఼Ёᓩ䖯໮⾡ᮄⱘ䆒䅵ᗱᛇˈՓ ᖂ໘⧚఼ⱘᗻ㛑ᦤ催ࠄϔϾᮄⱘ∈ᑇǄ2000 ᑈ 11 ᳜ˈIntel ᥼ߎ Pentium 4˄༨㝒 4˅㢃⠛ˈՓ ϾҎ⬉㛥೼㔥㒰ᑨ⫼ҹঞ೒ڣǃ䇁䷇੠㾚乥ֵো໘⧚ㄝᮍ䴶ⱘࡳ㛑ᕫࠄњᮄⱘᦤछǄ

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Processor˅ᰃᣛ೼ϔϾ໘⧚఼Ϟ䲚៤ϸϾ䖤ㅫḌᖗˈՓᕫৠ乥⥛ⱘঠḌ໘⧚఼ᇍ↨ऩḌ໘⧚఼ ᗻ㛑㽕催 30%̚50%ᎺেˈҢ㗠ᦤ催䅵ㅫ㛑࡯Ǆ䱣ⴔ⬉ᄤᡔᴃⱘথሩˈᖂ໘⧚఼ⱘ䲚៤ᑺ䍞ᴹ 䍞催ˈ䖤㸠䗳ᑺ៤ס๲䭓Ǆᖂ໘⧚఼ⱘথሩՓᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎ催ᑺᖂൟ࣪ǃᖿ䗳࣪ǃ໻ᆍ䞣࣪੠Ԣ ៤ᴀ࣪Ǆ 4ĕޙസݯԅ֟Ⴚ௔ಽ ᳾ᴹⱘ䅵ㅫᴎᇚᳱᎼൟ࣪ǃᖂൟ࣪ǃ㔥㒰࣪Ϣᱎ㛑࣪ⱘᮍ৥থሩǄ ˄1˅Ꮌൟ࣪˄៪ࡳ㛑ⱘᎼൟ࣪˅Ǆ Ꮌൟ࣪ᰃᣛ催䗳䖤ㅫǃ໻ᄬټᆍ䞣੠ᔎࡳ㛑ⱘᎼൟ䅵ㅫᴎˈ݊䖤ㅫ㛑࡯ϔ㠀೼↣⾦ⱒғ ⃵ҹϞˈݙᄬᆍ䞣೼޴ⱒܚᄫ㡖ҹϞǄᎼൟ䅵ㅫᴎЏ㽕⫼Ѣᇪッ⾥ᄺᡔᴃ੠ݯџ೑䰆㋏㒳ⱘⷨ おᓔথǄ Ꮌൟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘথሩ䲚Ёԧ⦄њ䅵ㅫᴎ⾥ᄺᡔᴃⱘথሩ∈ᑇˈ᥼ࡼњ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳㒧ᵘǃ⹀ ӊ੠䕃ӊⱘ⧚䆎Ϣᡔᴃǃ䅵ㅫ᭄ᄺǃ䅵ㅫᴎᑨ⫼ㄝ໮Ͼ⾥ᄺߚᬃⱘথሩǄ ˄2˅ᖂൟ࣪˄៪ԧ⿃ⱘᖂൟ࣪˅Ǆ ᖂൟ࣪ᰃᣛ䅵ㅫᴎ᳈ࡴᇣᎻǃӋᒝǃ䕃ӊЄᆠǃࡳ㛑ᔎ໻Ǆ䱣ⴔ䍙໻㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃ⱘ䖯 ϔℹথሩˈϾҎ䅵ㅫᴎ˄PC ᴎ˅ᇚ᳈ࡴᖂൟ࣪Ǆ㝱Ϟൟǃкᴀൟǃヨ䆄ᴀൟǃᥠϞൟǃ᠟㸼 ൟㄝᖂൟ࣪ϾҎ⬉㛥ᇚϡᮁ⍠⦄ˈ᥼ࡼ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ᱂ঞ੠ᑨ⫼Ǆ ˄3˅㔥㒰࣪˄៪䌘⑤ⱘ㔥㒰࣪˅Ǆ 㔥㒰࣪ᰃᣛ߽⫼䗮ֵᡔᴃ੠䅵ㅫᴎᡔᴃᡞߚᏗ೼ϡৠഄ⚍ⱘ䅵ㅫᴎѦ㘨䍋ᴹˈᣝ✻㔥㒰 ण䆂ⳌѦ䗮ֵˈҹ䖒ࠄ᠔᳝⫼᠋䛑ৃ݅ѿ䕃ӊǃ⹀ӊ੠᭄᥂䌘⑤ⱘⳂⱘǄ⦄೼ˈ䅵ㅫᴎ㔥㒰೼ Ѹ䗮ǃ䞥㵡ǃӕϮㅵ⧚ǃᬭ㚆ǃ䚂⬉ǃଚϮㄝ৘㸠৘ϮЁᕫࠄᑓ⊯ⱘᑨ⫼Ǆ ˄4˅ᱎ㛑࣪˄៪໘⧚ⱘᱎ㛑࣪˅Ǆ ᱎ㛑࣪ህᰃ㽕∖䅵ㅫᴎ㛑῵ᢳҎⱘᛳ㾝੠ᗱ㓈㛑࡯ˈгᰃ㄀Ѩҷ䅵ㅫᴎ㽕ᅲ⦄ⱘⳂᷛǄ ᱎ㛑࣪ⱘⷨお乚ඳᕜ໮ˈ݊Ё᳔᳝ҷ㸼ᗻⱘ乚ඳᰃϧᆊ㋏㒳੠ᴎ఼ҎǄⳂࠡᏆⷨࠊߎⱘᴎ఼Ҏ ৃҹҷ᳓ҎҢџॅ䰽⦃๗ⱘࢇࡼˈ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺЎ↣⾦㑺कғ⃵ⱘĀ⏅㪱ā䅵ㅫᴎ೼ 1997 ᑈ៬㚰 њ೑䰙䈵ẟϪ⬠ݴݯवᮃᏩ㔫໿Ǆ

1.1.2 ᝠካ఻ᄊྲག֗ዝی

1ĕޙസݯԅඋԤ 䅵ㅫᴎ㛑䖯㸠催䗳䖤ㅫˈ݋᳝䍙ᔎⱘ䆄ᖚ˄ᄬټ˅ࡳ㛑੠♉ᬣޚ⹂ⱘ߸ᮁ㛑࡯Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎ ݋᳝ҹϟ෎ᴀ⡍⚍˖ ˄1˅䖤㸠催ᑺ㞾ࡼ࣪Ǆ⬅Ѣ䅵ㅫᴎ㛑໳ᄬټ⿟ᑣˈϔᮺ৥䅵ㅫᴎথߎᣛҸˈᅗህ㛑㞾ࡼᖿ 䗳ഄᣝᣛᅮⱘℹ偸ᅠ៤ӏࡵǄ䅵ㅫᴎ㛑໳催ᑺ㞾ࡼ࣪䖤㸠ᰃऎ߿Ѣ݊Ҫ䅵ㅫᎹ݋ⱘЏ㽕ᷛㅒǄ ˄2˅᳝䆄ᖚ㛑࡯Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎ㛑ᡞ໻䞣᭄᥂ǃ⿟ᑣᄬܹᄬټ఼ˈ䖯㸠໘⧚੠䅵ㅫˈᑊᡞ㒧ᵰ ֱᄬ䍋ᴹǄϔ㠀䅵ㅫ఼া㛑ᄬᬒᇥ䞣᭄᥂ˈ㗠䅵ㅫᴎै㛑ᄬټ໻䞣ⱘ᭄᥂੠ֵᙃϨϡᯧ϶༅Ǆ 䱣ⴔ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᖿ䗳থሩ੠ᑓ⊯ᑨ⫼ˈᅗӀⱘᄬټᆍ䞣Ӯ䍞ᴹ䍞໻Ǆ ˄3˅䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺᖿǄ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺᰃ䅵ㅫᴎᗻ㛑催Ԣⱘ䞡㽕ᣛᷛПϔǄ䗮ᐌ䅵ㅫᴎҹ↣⾦ᅠ៤ ෎ᴀࡴ⊩ᣛҸⱘ᭄Ⳃᴹ㸼⼎䖤㸠䗳ᑺǄⳂࠡ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䖤㸠䗳ᑺৃ䖒ࠄⱒғ⃵/⾦ˈᑊϨӮ䍞ᴹ 䍞ᖿǄ ˄4˅䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ催Ǆ⬅Ѣ䅵ㅫᴎݙ䚼䞛⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ᄫ䖯㸠䖤ㅫˈৃҹ⒵䎇৘⾡䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺⱘ 㽕∖Ǆ՟བˈ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎ䅵ㅫߎⱘ೚਼⥛ π ؐৃҹ㊒⹂ࠄᇣ᭄⚍ৢ 200 ϛԡҹϞǄ

(5)

˄5˅ৃ䴴ᗻ催Ǆ䱣ⴔ໻㾘῵੠䍙໻㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃ⱘথሩˈ䅵ㅫᴎⱘৃ䴴ᗻг໻໻ᦤ催ˈ 䅵ㅫᴎ䖲㓁᮴ᬙ䱰䖤㸠ⱘᯊ䯈ৃ䖒᭄᳜ˈ⫮㟇᭄ᑈǄ 2ĕޙസݯԅफ໸ 䅵ㅫᴎৃߚЎ῵ᢳ䅵ㅫᴎ੠᭄ᄫ䅵ㅫᴎϸ໻㉏Ǆ ῵ᢳ䅵ㅫᴎⱘЏ㽕⡍⚍ᰃ˖খϢ䖤ㅫⱘ᭄ؐ⬅ϡ䯈ᮁⱘ䖲㓁䞣㸼⼎ˈ݊䖤ㅫ䖛⿟ᰃ䖲㓁 ⱘǄ῵ᢳ䅵ㅫᴎ⬅Ѣফܗ఼ӊ䋼䞣ᕅડˈ݊䅵ㅫ㊒ᑺ䕗Ԣǃᑨ⫼㣗ೈ䕗じˈⳂࠡᏆᕜᇥ⫳ѻǄ ᭄ᄫ䅵ㅫᴎⱘЏ㽕⡍⚍ᰃ˖খϢ䖤ㅫⱘ᭄ؐ⫼ᮁ㓁ⱘ᭄ᄫ䞣㸼⼎ˈ݊䖤ㅫ䖛⿟ᣝ᭄ᄫԡ 䖯㸠䅵ㅫǄ᭄ᄫ䅵ㅫᴎ⬅Ѣ݋᳝䘏䕥߸ᮁㄝࡳ㛑ˈᰃҹ䖥ԐҎ㉏໻㛥ⱘĀᗱ㓈āᮍᓣ䖯㸠Ꮉ԰ˈ ᠔ҹজ㹿⿄ЎĀ⬉㛥āǄ ᭄ᄫ䅵ㅫᴎᣝ⫼䗨জৃߚЎϧ⫼䅵ㅫᴎ੠䗮⫼䅵ㅫᴎǄ ϧ⫼䅵ㅫᴎϢ䗮⫼䅵ㅫᴎ೼ᬜ⥛ǃ䗳ᑺǃ䜡㕂ǃ㒧ᵘ໡ᴖ⿟ᑺǃ䗴Ӌ੠䗖ᑨᗻㄝᮍ䴶ᰃ ᳝ऎ߿ⱘǄ ϧ⫼䅵ㅫᴎ䩜ᇍᶤ㉏䯂乬㛑ᰒ⼎ߎ᳔᳝ᬜǃ᳔ᖿ䗳੠᳔㒣⌢ⱘ⡍ᗻˈԚᰃᅗⱘ䗖ᑨᗻ䕗 Ꮒˈϡ䗖Ѣ݊Ҫᮍ䴶ⱘᑨ⫼Ǆ 䗮⫼䅵ㅫᴎ䗖ᑨᗻᕜᔎǃᑨ⫼䴶ᕜᑓˈԚ݊䖤㸠ᬜ⥛ǃ䗳ᑺ੠㒣⌢ᗻձ᥂ϡৠⱘᑨ⫼ᇍ 䈵Ӯফࠄϡৠ⿟ᑺⱘᕅડǄ 䗮⫼䅵ㅫᴎᣝ݊㾘῵ǃ䗳ᑺ੠ࡳ㛑ㄝজৃߚЎᎼൟᴎǃ໻ൟᴎǃЁൟᴎǃᇣൟᴎǃᖂൟ ᴎঞऩ⠛ᴎǄ䖭ѯ㉏ൟП䯈ⱘ෎ᴀऎ߿䗮ᐌ೼Ѣ݊ԧ⿃໻ᇣǃ㒧ᵘ໡ᴖ⿟ᑺǃࡳ⥛⍜㗫ǃᗻ㛑 ᣛᷛǃ᭄᥂ᄬټᆍ䞣ǃᣛҸ㋏㒳੠䆒໛ǃ䕃ӊ䜡㕂ㄝⱘϡৠǄ ϔ㠀ᴹ䇈ˈᎼൟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺᕜ催ˈৃ䖒↣⾦ᠻ㸠޴ғᴵᣛҸˈ᭄᥂ᄬټᆍ䞣ᕜ໻ˈ 㾘῵໻ǃ㒧ᵘ໡ᴖǃӋḐᯖ䌉ˈЏ㽕⫼Ѣ໻ൟ⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫǄᅗгᰃ㸵䞣ϔϾ೑ᆊ⾥ᄺᅲ࡯ⱘ䞡㽕 ᷛㅒПϔǄऩ⠛ᴎ߭া⬅ϔ⠛䲚៤⬉䏃ࠊ៤ˈ݊ԧ⿃ᇣǃ䞡䞣䕏ˈ㒧ᵘकߚㅔऩǄᗻ㛑ҟѢᎼ ൟᴎ੠ऩ⠛ᴎП䯈ⱘህᰃ໻ൟᴎǃЁൟᴎǃᇣൟᴎ੠ᖂൟᴎˈᅗӀⱘᗻ㛑ᣛᷛ੠㒧ᵘ㾘῵߭Ⳍ ᑨഄձ⃵䗦ޣǄ

1.1.3 ᝠካ఻ᄊऄၹᮗ۫

䅵ㅫᴎⱘᑨ⫼Ꮖ㒣⏫䗣ࠄ⼒Ӯⱘ৘㸠৘Ϯˈℷ೼ᬍবⴔӴ㒳ⱘᎹ԰ǃᄺд੠⫳⌏ᮍᓣˈ ᥼ࡼⴔ⼒ӮⱘথሩǄϟ䴶䆺㒚ҟ㒡ϔϟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘЏ㽕ᑨ⫼乚ඳǄ 1ĕࢳ༰ޙസ ⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫᰃᣛ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎᴹᅠ៤⾥ᄺⷨお੠Ꮉ⿟ᡔᴃЁᦤߎⱘ᭄ᄺ䯂乬ⱘ䅵ㅫǄ೼⦄ҷ ⾥ᄺᡔᴃᎹ԰Ёˈ⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫ䯂乬ᰃ໻䞣ⱘ੠໡ᴖⱘǄ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎⱘ催䗳䅵ㅫǃ໻ᄬټᆍ䞣੠䖲㓁䖤ㅫⱘ㛑࡯ˈৃҹᅲ⦄ҎᎹ᮴⊩㾷އⱘ৘⾡⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫ䯂乬Ǆ ՟བˈᓎㄥ䆒䅵ЁЎњ⹂ᅮᵘӊሎᇌˈ䗮䖛ᔍᗻ࡯ᄺᇐߎϔ㋏߫໡ᴖᮍ⿟ˈ䭓ᳳҹᴹ⬅ Ѣ䅵ㅫᮍ⊩䎳ϡϞ㗠ϔⳈ᮴⊩∖㾷Ǆ㗠䅵ㅫᴎϡԚ㛑∖㾷䖭㉏ᮍ⿟ˈ㗠Ϩᓩ䍋ᔍᗻ⧚䆎Ϟⱘϔ ⃵さ⸈ˈߎ⦄њ᳝䰤ऩܗ⊩Ǆ 2ĕ೴࡬҉स ᭄᥂໘⧚ᰃᣛᇍ৘⾡᭄᥂䖯㸠ᬊ䲚ǃᄬټǃᭈ⧚ǃߚ㉏ǃ㒳䅵ǃࡴᎹǃ߽⫼ǃӴ᪁ㄝϔ ㋏߫⌏ࡼⱘ㒳⿄Ǆ᥂㒳䅵ˈ80ˁҹϞⱘ䅵ㅫᴎЏ㽕⫼Ѣ᭄᥂໘⧚ˈ䖭㉏Ꮉ԰䞣໻䴶ᆑˈއᅮњ 䅵ㅫᴎᑨ⫼ⱘЏᇐᮍ৥Ǆ ᭄᥂໘⧚Ңㅔऩࠄ໡ᴖᏆ㒣ग़њҹϟ 3 Ͼথሩ䰊↉˖

(6)

⬉ᄤ᭄᥂໘⧚˄Electronic Data ProcessingˈEDP˅ˈᅗᰃҹ᭛ӊ㋏㒳Ў᠟↉ᅲ⦄ϔϾ 䚼䮼ݙⱘऩ乍ㅵ⧚Ǆ

ㅵ⧚ֵᙃ㋏㒳˄Management Information SystemˈMIS˅ˈᅗᰃҹ᭄᥂ᑧᡔᴃЎᎹ݋ᅲ

⦄ϔϾ䚼䮼ⱘܼ䴶ㅵ⧚ˈҹᦤ催Ꮉ԰ᬜ⥛Ǆ

އㄪᬃᣕ㋏㒳˄Decision Support SystemˈDSS˅ˈᅗᰃҹ᭄᥂ᑧǃ῵ൟᑧ੠ᮍ⊩ᑧЎ

෎⸔ˈᐂࡽㅵ⧚އㄪ㗙ᦤ催އㄪ∈ᑇˈᬍ୘䖤㧹ㄪ⬹ⱘℷ⹂ᗻϢ᳝ᬜᗻǄ Ⳃࠡˈ᭄᥂໘⧚Ꮖᑓ⊯ഄᑨ⫼Ѣࡲ݀㞾ࡼ࣪ǃӕџϮ䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽㅵ⧚Ϣއㄪǃᚙ᡹Ẕ㋶ǃ ೒кㅵ⧚ǃ⬉ᕅ⬉㾚ࡼ⬏䆒䅵ǃӮ䅵⬉ㅫ࣪ㄝ৘㸠৘ϮǄֵᙃℷ೼ᔶ៤⣀ゟⱘѻϮˈ໮ၦԧᡔ ᴃՓֵᙃሩ⦄೼ҎӀ䴶ࠡⱘϡҙᰃ᭄ᄫ੠᭛ᄫˈ䖬᳝ໄᚙᑊ㣖ⱘໄ䷇੠೒ڣֵᙃǄ 3ĕ؃ᅙޏ೬ 䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽᡔᴃࣙᣀ CADǃCAM ੠ CAI ㄝǄ

˄1˅䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽ䆒䅵˄Computer Aided DesignˈCAD˅Ǆ

䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽ䆒䅵ᰃ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳䕙ࡽ䆒䅵Ҏਬ䖯㸠Ꮉ⿟៪ѻક䆒䅵ˈҹᅲ⦄᳔Շ䆒䅵 ᬜᵰⱘϔ⾡ᡔᴃǄᅗᏆᑓ⊯ഄᑨ⫼Ѣ亲ᴎǃ≑䔺ǃᴎẄǃ⬉ᄤǃᓎㄥ੠䕏Ꮉㄝ乚ඳǄ՟བˈ೼ ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䆒䅵䖛⿟Ёˈ߽⫼ CAD ᡔᴃ䖯㸠ԧ㋏㒧ᵘ῵ᢳǃ䘏䕥῵ᢳǃᦦӊߦߚǃ㞾ࡼᏗ 㒓ㄝˈҢ㗠໻໻ᦤ催њ䆒䅵Ꮉ԰ⱘ㞾ࡼ࣪⿟ᑺǄজབˈ೼ᓎㄥ䆒䅵䖛⿟Ёˈৃҹ߽⫼ CAD ᡔ ᴃ䖯㸠࡯ᄺ䅵ㅫǃ㒧ᵘ䅵ㅫǃ㒬ࠊᓎㄥ೒㒌ㄝˈ䖭ḋϡԚᦤ催њ䆒䅵䗳ᑺˈ㗠Ϩৃҹ໻໻ᦤ催䆒䅵䋼䞣Ǆ

˄2˅䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽࠊ䗴˄Computer Aided ManufacturingˈCAM˅Ǆ

䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽࠊ䗴ᰃ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳䖯㸠⫳ѻ䆒໛ⱘㅵ⧚ǃ᥻ࠊ੠᪡԰ⱘ䖛⿟Ǆ՟བˈ೼ ѻકⱘࠊ䗴䖛⿟Ёˈ⫼䅵ㅫᴎ᥻ࠊᴎ఼ⱘ䖤㸠ˈ໘⧚⫳ѻ䖛⿟Ё᠔䳔ⱘ᭄᥂ˈ᥻ࠊ੠໘⧚ᴤ᭭ ⱘ⌕ࡼˈҹঞᇍѻક䖯㸠Ẕ⌟ㄝǄՓ⫼ CAM ᡔᴃৃҹᦤ催ѻક䋼䞣ˈ䰡Ԣ៤ᴀˈ㓽ⷁ⫳ѻ਼ ᳳˈᦤ催⫳ѻ⥛੠ᬍ୘ࢇࡼᴵӊǄ ᇚ CAD ੠ CAM ᡔᴃ䲚៤ˈᅲ⦄䆒䅵⫳ѻ㞾ࡼ࣪ˈ䖭⾡ᡔᴃ㹿⿄Ў䅵ㅫᴎ䲚៤ࠊ䗴㋏㒳 ˄CIMS˅Ǆᅗⱘᅲ⦄ᇚⳳℷخࠄ᮴Ҏ࣪ᎹॖǄ

˄3˅䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽᬭᄺ˄Computer Aided InstructionˈCAI˅Ǆ

䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽᬭᄺᰃ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳Փ⫼䇒ӊᴹ䖯㸠ᬭᄺǄ䇒ӊৃҹ⫼㨫԰Ꮉ݋៪催㑻䇁㿔ᴹᓔথࠊ԰ˈᅗ㛑ᓩᇐᄺ⫳ᕾᑣ⏤䖯ഄᄺдˈՓᄺ⫳䕏ᵒ㞾བഄҢ䇒ӊЁᄺࠄ᠔䳔㽕ⱘⶹ䆚Ǆ CAIⱘЏ㽕⡍㡆ᰃѸѦᬭ㚆ǃϾ߿ᣛᇐ੠಴ҎᮑᬭǄ 4ĕڶёࣅᄥ 䖛⿟᥻ࠊজিᅲᯊ᥻ࠊˈᰃ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎঞᯊ䞛䲚Ẕ⌟᭄᥂ˈᣝ᳔Ӭؐ䖙䗳ഄᇍ᥻ࠊᇍ䈵䖯㸠㞾ࡼ䇗㡖៪㞾ࡼ᥻ࠊǄ䞛⫼䅵ㅫᴎ䖯㸠䖛⿟᥻ࠊˈϡҙৃҹ໻໻ᦤ催᥻ࠊⱘ㞾ࡼ࣪∈ᑇˈ 㗠Ϩৃҹᦤ催᥻ࠊⱘঞᯊᗻ੠ޚ⹂ᗻˈҢ㗠ᬍ୘ࢇࡼᴵӊǃᦤ催ѻક䋼䞣ঞড়Ḑ⥛Ǆ಴ℸˈ䅵 ㅫᴎ䖛⿟᥻ࠊᏆ೼ᴎẄǃފ䞥ǃ⷇⊍ǃ࣪Ꮉǃ㒎㒛ǃ∈⬉ǃ㟾໽ㄝ䚼䮼ᕫࠄᑓ⊯ⱘᑨ⫼Ǆ ՟བˈ೼≑䔺ᎹϮᮍ䴶ˈ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎ᥻ࠊᴎᑞǃ᥻ࠊᭈϾ㺙䜡⌕∈㒓ˈϡҙৃҹᅲ⦄㊒ ᑺ㽕∖催ǃᔶ⢊໡ᴖⱘ䳊ӊࡴᎹ㞾ࡼ࣪ˈ㗠ϨৃҹՓᭈϾ䔺䯈៪Ꮉॖᅲ⦄㞾ࡼ࣪Ǆ 5ĕఆٝᄦટ ҎᎹᱎ㛑˄Artificial Intelligence˅ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎ῵ᢳҎ㉏ⱘᱎ㛑⌏ࡼˈ䇌བᛳⶹǃ߸ᮁǃ⧚㾷ǃ ᄺдǃ䯂乬∖㾷੠೒ڣ䆚߿ㄝǄ⦄೼ҎᎹᱎ㛑ⱘⷨおᏆপᕫϡᇥ៤ᵰˈ᳝ѯᏆᓔྟ䍄৥ᅲ⫼䰊↉Ǆ ՟བ㛑῵ᢳ催∈ᑇएᄺϧᆊ䖯㸠⮒⮙䆞⭫ⱘϧᆊ㋏㒳ǃ݋᳝ϔᅮᗱ㓈㛑࡯ⱘᱎ㛑ᴎ఼ҎㄝǄ

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6ĕฉ৮࿫ဈ 䅵ㅫᴎᡔᴃϢ⦄ҷ䗮ֵᡔᴃⱘ㒧ড়ᵘ៤њ䅵ㅫᴎ㔥㒰Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎ㔥㒰ⱘᓎゟˈϡҙ㾷އњ ϔϾऩԡǃϔϾഄऎǃϔϾ೑ᆊЁ䅵ㅫᴎϢ䅵ㅫᴎП䯈ⱘ䗮䆃ˈ৘⾡䕃⹀ӊ䌘⑤ⱘ݅ѿˈг໻ ໻֗䖯њ೑䰙䯈ⱘ᭛ᄫǃ೒ڣǃ㾚乥੠ໄ䷇ㄝ৘㉏᭄᥂ⱘӴ䕧Ϣ໘⧚Ǆ ᘏПˈ䅵ㅫᴎᏆ㒣ᑨ⫼ࠄҎ㉏⫳⌏ǃ⫳ѻঞ⾥ᄺⷨおⱘ৘Ͼ乚ඳЁˈҹৢⱘᑨ⫼䖬ᇚ᳈ ⏅ܹǃ᳈ᑓ⊯ˈ݊㞾ࡼ࣪⿟ᑺгᇚӮ᳈催Ǆ⬅Ѣ䅵ㅫᴎ⏅ܹࠄњҎ㉏⫳⌏ⱘ৘Ͼ乚ඳˈⳂࠡᕜ 䲒ᅠܼὖᣀ䅵ㅫᴎ೼৘ᮍ䴶ⱘᑨ⫼Ǆ ᑨ䆹ᣛߎˈ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᑓ⊯ᑨ⫼ᇍҎ㉏᭛ᯢ䍋ࠄњᎼ໻ⱘ᥼ࡼ԰⫼ˈৠᯊг᳝ϔѯ䋳䴶ᕅ ડ៪ᣥ៬ˈЏ㽕㸼⦄೼ҹϟ 3 Ͼᮍ䴶˖ ᇍҎ˄㞾✊Ҏ៪⊩Ҏ˅ⱘ䱤⾕ᵘ៤࿕㚕Ǆ⬉ᄤ᭄᥂ᵕᯧ໡ࠊˈेՓᇍ䱤⾕䞛⫼њᆚⷕ ֱᡸˈԚ催䗳㗠㞾ࡼ䖤㸠ⱘ䅵ㅫᴎЎ⣰⌟⬉ᄤᆚⷕᦤկњᎹ݋ˈ䖲㕢೑೑䰆䚼䅵ㅫᴎ 㔥㒰䛑᳝᳒Ёᄺ⫳䴲⊩䯃ܹǄ಴ℸˈ޵ᰃ೼㔥㒰Ϟⱘ᭄᥂˄ࣙᣀᆚⷕ˅䛑᳝⊘ᆚⱘৃ 㛑Ǆℸ໪ˈ䕃ӊⱘ㔎䱋᠔䗴៤ⱘĀৢ䮼āг᳝ৃ㛑㹿߽⫼ᴹⲫপ䱤⾕Ǆ 䅵ㅫᴎঞ䅵ㅫᴎ㔥㒰ৃ㛑Ӵ᪁ϔѯϡعᒋⱘֵᙃˈᇍ䴦ᇥᑈⱘعᒋ៤䭓䗴៤ॅᆇǄ ᇐ㟈ϔѯ㘠Ϯ⮒⮙ˈབ乜Ợ⮙ǃᖗ㛥㸔ㅵ⮒⮙ǃᖗ⧚⮒⮙ㄝ˗ᇐ㟈⦃๗∵ᶧˈЏ㽕ᰃ ೼⫳ѻ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䖛⿟ЁӮᇍ⦃๗䗴៤∵ᶧˈৠᯊᑳᮻ䅵ㅫᴎгӮᇍ⦃๗䗴៤∵ᶧǄ

1.1.4 ηৌӑᇫ͘

1ĕ໰๯غമ٤া 1991ᑈˈ㕢೑೑Ӯ䗮䖛њ⬅খ䆂ਬ䰓ᇨgៜᇨ˄Al·Gore˅ᦤߎⱘĀ催ᗻ㛑䅵ㅫ⊩Ḝā˄The

High Performance Computing Act˅ˈৢᴹг⿄ЎĀֵᙃ催䗳݀䏃˄Infornation Superhighway˅⊩

ḜāǄ1993 ᑈ 9 ᳜ˈҪҷ㸼㕢೑ᬓᑰথ㸼њĀ೑ᆊֵᙃ෎⸔䆒ᮑ㸠ࡼ᮹⿟˄National Information

Infrastructure:Agenda for Action˅āˈेĀ㕢೑ֵᙃ催䗳݀䏃䅵ߦāˈ៪⿄ NII 䅵ߦǄᣝ✻䖭ϔ᮹

⿟ˈ㕢೑䅵ߦ೼ 1994 ᑈᡞ 100 ϛ᠋ᆊᒁ㘨ܹ催䗳ֵᙃӴ䕧㔥ˈ㟇 2000 ᑈ㘨䗮ܼ㕢ⱘᄺ᷵ǃए 䰶੠೒к佚ˈ᳔㒜೼ 10̚15 ᑈݙ˄े 2010 ᑈҹࠡ˅ᡞֵᙃ催䗳݀䏃ⱘĀ䏃䴶ā——໻ᆍ䞣ⱘ 催䗳ܝ㑸䗮ֵ㔥ᓊԌࠄܼ㕢 9500 ϛϾᆊᒁǄNII 䅵ߦᅷᏗৢˈϡҙᕫࠄ㕢೑೑ݙ໻݀ৌⱘ᱂ 䘡ᬃᣕˈгফࠄϪ⬠৘೑˄佪ܜᰃ᮹ᴀ੠⃻ⲳ೑ᆊ˅ⱘ催ᑺ䞡㾚Ǆ䆌໮থሩЁ೑ᆊ˄ࣙᣀЁ೑˅ г೼ⷨお NII 䅵ߦˈᑊϨࠊ䅶੠ᦤߎᴀ೑ⱘᇍㄪǄ㔥㒰㋏㒳ᰃ NII 䅵ߦⱘ෎⸔ǄInternet Ꮖᡞ ܼϪ⬠ 190 ໮Ͼ೑ᆊ੠ഄऎⱘ޴गϛৄ䅵ㅫᴎঞ޴गϛⱘ⫼᠋䖲᥹೼ϔ䍋ˈ㔥Ϟⱘ᭄᥂ֵᙃ䞣 ↣᳜ҹ 10%ҹϞⱘ䗳ᑺ䗦๲Ǆҙҹ⬉ᄤ䚂ӊ˄Electronic Mail ៪ E-mail˅Ў՟ˈ↣໽ህ᳝޴ग ϛҎ⃵Փ⫼ Internet ⱘ E-mail ֵㆅˈথ䗕⬉ᄤ䚂ӊⱘ⫼᠋া䳔ᡞֵӊݙᆍঞᬊֵҎⱘ E-mail ഄഔᣝ✻㾘ᅮ䗕ܹ㘨㔥ⱘ䅵ㅫᴎˈE-mail ㋏㒳ህӮ㞾ࡼᡞֵӊ䗮䖛㔥㒰Ӵ䗕ࠄⳂⱘഄǄᬊֵⱘ ⫼᠋བᵰᅮᯊ㘨㔥ˈेৃ೼㞾Ꮕⱘ E-mail ֵㆅЁⳟࠄӏԩҎথ䗕㒭㞾Ꮕⱘ䚂ӊǄNII 䅵ߦⱘᦤ ߎ㒭᳾ᴹⱘֵᙃ⼒Ӯ࣒⬏ߎњϔϾ⏙᱄ⱘ䕂ᒧˈ㗠 Internet ⱘᠽ໻䖤㸠г㒭᳾ᴹⱘܼ⧗ֵᙃ෎ ⸔䆒ᮑᦤկњϔϾৃկ׳䡈ⱘॳൟǄҎҎ৥ᕔⱘֵᙃ⼒ӮᏆϡݡᰃϔϾᏺ᳝⧚ᛇ㡆ᔽⱘぎЁ ὐ䯕Ǆ ៥೑ᬓᑰѢ 1994 ᑈᓔྟᓎ䆒៥೑ⱘֵᙃ催䗳݀䏃ǄᔧᯊЏ㽕㾘ߦњಯ໻㔥㒰˖Ё೑⾥ᄺ 䰶乚ᇐⱘЁ೑⾥ᡔ㔥˄CSTNET˅ǃ೑ᆊᬭྨ˄ᬭ㚆䚼˅乚ᇐⱘЁ೑ᬭ㚆⾥ⷨ㔥˄CERNET˅ǃ 䚂⬉䚼乚ᇐ੠ᡩ䌘ⱘЁ೑݀⫼䅵ㅫᴎѦ㘨㔥˄ChinaNET˅ǃ⬉ᄤᎹϮ䚼乚ᇐⱘЁ೑䞥ḹֵᙃ㔥

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˄ChinaGBN˅Ǆ䖭ѯ㔥㒰෎ᴀࣙ৿њ៥೑Џ㽕ⱘֵᙃ⍜䌍੠⫳ѻ㗙ˈᑊϢܼ⧗ⱘѦ㘨㔥䖲᥹೼ ϔ䍋Ǆ ܼ⧗ⱘֵᙃ催䗳݀䏃ᓎ䆒ϔ㠀䛑ࣙ৿ҹϟ 5 Ͼ෎ᴀ㽕㋴˖ ֵᙃ催䗳䗮䘧Ǆ䖭ᰃϔϾ㛑㽚Ⲫܼ೑ⱘҹܝ㑸䗮ֵ㔥㒰ЎЏⱘˈ䕙ҹᖂ⊶੠ि᯳䗮ֵ ⱘ᭄ᄫ࣪໻ᆍ䞣ǃ催䗳⥛ⱘ䗮ֵ㔥Ǆ ֵᙃ䌘⑤Ǆᇚᄺ᷵ǃᬓᑰǃ⾥ⷨ䰶᠔ǃᮄ䯏ऩԡǃᎹݰଚㄝӕџϮऩԡⱘ᭄᥂ᑧ䖲᥹ 䍋ᴹˈ䗮䖛䗮ֵ㔥㒰Ў⫼᠋ᦤկ৘㉏䌘⑤ˈࣙᣀᮄ䯏ǃᕅ㾚ǃк㈡ǃ᡹ߞǃमᅶǃ䅵 ㅫᴎ䕃ӊǃ䅵ㅫᴎ⹀ӊㄝǄ ֵᙃ໘⧚Ϣ᥻ࠊǄЏ㽕ᰃᣛ䗮ֵ㔥㒰Ϟⱘ催ᗻ㛑䅵ㅫᴎ੠᳡ࡵ఼ǃ催ᗻ㛑ϾҎ䅵ㅫᴎ ੠Ꮉ԰キᇍֵᙃ೼䕧ܹ/䕧ߎǃӴ䕧ǃᄬټǃѸᤶ䖛⿟Ёⱘ໘⧚੠᥻ࠊǄ ֵᙃ᳡ࡵᇍ䈵ǄՓ⫼໮ၦԧⱘǃᱎ㛑࣪ⱘ⫼᠋⬠䴶Ϣ৘⾡ᑨ⫼㋏㒳⫼᠋䖯㸠ⳌѦ䗮ֵˈ ৃҹ䗮䖛䗮ֵ㒜ッѿফЄᆠⱘֵᙃ䌘⑤ˈ⒵䎇৘㞾ⱘ䳔∖Ǆ ֵᙃ催䗳݀䏃ⱘ⊩ᕟ⊩㾘ǄЏ㽕ᰃⶹ䆚ѻᴗⱘֱᡸǃϾҎ䱤⾕ⱘֱᡸǃ㔥㒰ⱘᅝֱܼ 䱰ǃֵᙃݙᆍⱘ⼒Ӯ䘧ᖋ㾘㣗ㄝǄ 2ĕ໰๯ܤಀݖ Ҏ㉏೼㒣ग़њݰϮ࣪⼒ӮǃᎹϮ࣪⼒Ӯৢˈℷ೼䖯ֵܹᙃ࣪⼒ӮǄ⫳⌏೼ֵᙃ࣪⼒ӮЁ ⱘҎӀҹ᳈ᖿ᳈֓᥋ⱘᮍᓣ㦋ᕫᑊӴ䗦Ҏ㉏߯䗴ⱘϔߛ᭛ᯢ៤ᵰǄֵᙃ࣪⼒ӮᰃҎ㉏⼒ӮҢ ᎹϮ࣪䰊↉থሩࠄҹֵᙃЎᷛㅒⱘϔϾᮄ䰊↉Ǆֵᙃ࣪ϢᎹϮ࣪ϡৠˈֵᙃ࣪ϡᰃ݇Ѣ⠽䋼 ੠㛑䞣ⱘ䕀ᤶ䖛⿟ˈ㗠ᰃ݇Ѣᯊ䯈੠ぎ䯈ⱘ䕀ᤶ䖛⿟Ǆ೼ֵᙃ࣪䖭Ͼᮄ䰊↉䞠ˈҎ㉏⫳ᄬⱘ ϔߛ乚ඳˈ೼ᬓ⊏ǃଚϮˈ⫮㟇ϾҎ⫳⌏Ёˈ䛑ᰃҹֵᙃⱘ㦋পǃࡴᎹǃӴ䗦੠ߚ䜡Ў෎⸔Ǆ ᳝Ҏᇍֵᙃ࣪⼒Ӯᔦ㒇ߎ 4 Ͼ෎ᴀ⡍ᕕ˖ⶹ䆚ⱘ⫳ѻ៤ЎЏ㽕ⱘ⫳ѻᔶᓣ˗ܝ⬉੠㔥㒰ҷ᳓ ᎹϮᯊҷⱘᴎẄ࣪⫳ѻ˗ֵᙃᡔᴃℷ೼প⍜ᯊ䯈੠䎱⾏ⱘὖᗉ˗ֵᙃ੠ֵᙃѸᤶ䘡ঞ৘Ͼഄ ᮍǄ೼ֵᙃ࣪⼒ӮЁˈֵᙃᡔᴃᰃ䞡㽕ⱘѻϮᬃ᷅Ǆֵᙃᡔᴃ˄Information TechnologyˈIT˅ ህᰃҹ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎЎ෎⸔ⱘ໮ᄺ⾥ⱘֵᙃ໘⧚ᡔᴃǄᅗࣙᣀ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎᡔᴃǃि᯳䗮ֵᡔᴃǃ ▔ܝᡔᴃㄝǄ 3ĕޙസݯำܤ Ā䅵ㅫᴎ᭛࣪āϔ䆡᳔ᮽߎ⦄Ѣ 1981 ᑈ೼⨲຿⋯ḥীᓔⱘ㄀ϝ⃵Ϫ⬠䅵ㅫᴎᬭ㚆Ӯ䆂ϞǄ ᔧᯊĀ䅵ㅫᴎ᭛࣪āⱘ৿НᰃᣛҎӀᰃ৺ᥠᦵњ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ෎ᴀⶹ䆚੠ᶤ⾡⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔Ǆ㗠 ⦄೼ⱘĀ䅵ㅫᴎ᭛࣪āᰃᣛҎ㉏⼒Ӯⱘ⫳ᄬᮍᓣ಴Փ⫼䅵ㅫᴎ㗠থ⫳ḍᴀᗻব࣪㗠ѻ⫳ⱘ ϔ⾡ጁᮄⱘ᭛࣪ᔶᗕˈ䖭⾡ጁᮄⱘ᭛࣪ᔶᗕৃҹԧ⦄Ў˖ 䅵ㅫᴎ⧚䆎ঞ݊ᡔᴃᇍ㞾✊⾥ᄺǃ⼒Ӯ⾥ᄺⱘᑓ⊯⏫䗣㸼⦄ⱘЄᆠ᭛࣪ݙ⎉Ǆ 䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䕃⹀ӊ䆒໛԰ЎҎ㉏᠔߯䗴ⱘ⠽䋼䆒໛ЄᆠњҎ㉏᭛࣪ⱘ⠽䋼䆒໛ક⾡Ǆ 䅵ㅫᴎᑨ⫼ҟܹҎ㉏⼒Ӯⱘᮍᮍ䴶䴶ˈҢ㗠߯䗴੠ᔶ៤ⱘ⾥ᄺᗱᛇǃ⾥ᄺᮍ⊩ǃ⾥ᄺ ㊒⼲ǃӋؐᷛޚㄝ៤Ўϔ⾡ጁᮄⱘ᭛࣪㾖ᗉǄ 㸵䞣Ā䅵ㅫᴎ᭛࣪ā㋴䋼催Ԣⱘձ᥂䗮ᐌᰃᣛ೼䅵ㅫᴎᮍ䴶᳔෎ᴀⱘⶹ䆚੠᳔Џ㽕ⱘᑨ ⫼㛑࡯ǄⳂࠡ໻໮᭄䅵ㅫᴎᬭ㚆ϧᆊⱘᛣ㾕ᰃˈ᳔㛑ԧ⦄Ā䅵ㅫᴎ᭛࣪āⱘⶹ䆚㒧ᵘ੠㛑࡯ ㋴䋼ⱘᑨ䆹ᰃϢֵᙃ㦋পǃֵᙃߚᵤϢֵᙃࡴᎹ᳝݇ⱘ෎⸔ⶹ䆚੠ᅲ䰙㛑࡯Ǆ䖭⾡㛑࡯ᑊ䴲 ᶤऩϔᄺ⾥ǃᶤऩϔᬭᄺᮍ⊩㛑໳෍ݏߎᴹⱘˈԚᰃ䅵ㅫᴎঞ䅵ㅫᴎ㔥㒰ⱘᑨ⫼ᰃ䖭⾡㛑࡯ ⱘ෎⸔Ǆ

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1.2 ᝠካ఻˗ηৌᄊ᛫ᇨ

1.2.1 ᝠካ఻˗ᄊ஝҄ 1ĕࠩสޙ೴ᄥ ᮹ᐌ⫳⌏ЁˈҎӀ᳔❳ᙝⱘᰃक䖯ࠊˈԚᰃ೼䅵ㅫᴎЁӮ᥹㾺ࠄѠ䖯ࠊǃܿ䖯ࠊǃक䖯 ࠊ੠क݁䖯ࠊˈ᮴䆎ᰃા⾡䖯ࠊˈ݊݅ৠП໘ᰃᅗӀ䛑ᰃ䖯ԡ䅵᭄ࠊǄ ᣝ✻ϔᅮ䖯ԡᮍ⊩䖯㸠䅵᭄ⱘ᭄ࠊ⿄Ў䖯ԡ䅵᭄ࠊˈㅔ⿄䖯ࠊǄR 䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ෎᭄Ў Rˈ㛑 ⫼ࠄⱘ᭄ᄫヺোϾ᭄Ў R Ͼˈे 0ˈ1ˈ2ˈ…ˈR-1Ǆ 2ĕ֝ࠩᄥc̶ࠩᄥcಥঢࠩᄥ 䅵ㅫᴎЁ㒣ᐌ⫼ࠄѠ䖯ࠊǃܿ䖯ࠊǃक䖯ࠊ੠क݁䖯ࠊˈᅗӀⱘ෎ᴀヺোབ㸼 1-1 ᠔⼎Ǆ 㸼 1-1 ޴⾡䖯ԡ䅵᭄ࠊ 䖯ࠊ 䅵᭄ॳ߭ ෎ᴀヺো Ѡ䖯ࠊ 䗶Ѡ䖯ϔ 0ˈ1 ܿ䖯ࠊ 䗶ܿ䖯ϔ 0ˈ1ˈ2ˈ3ˈ4ˈ5ˈ6ˈ7 क䖯ࠊ 䗶क䖯ϔ 0ˈ1ˈ2ˈ3ˈ4ˈ5ˈ6ˈ7ˈ8ˈ9 क݁䖯ࠊ 䗶क݁䖯ϔ 0ˈ1ˈ2ˈ3ˈ4ˈ5ˈ6ˈ7ˈ8ˈ9ˈAˈBˈCˈDˈEˈF ⊼˖क݁䖯ࠊⱘ᭄ヺ A̚F ߚ߿ᇍᑨक䖯ࠊⱘ 10̚15Ǆ 1.2.2 Պᝠ஝҄ᫎᄊᄱ̉ᣁ૱ क䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤ R 䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ㾘߭ᰃ˖ᭈ᭄䚼ߚĀ䰸 R পԭāˈᇣ᭄䚼ߚĀЬ R পᭈā˗㗠 ᇚ R 䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ㾘߭ᰃĀᣝᴗԡሩᓔāǄ 1ĕಥࠩᄥ೴ᅧܰю֝ࠩᄥ೴ ˄1˅ᭈ᭄䚼ߚǄ ᡞक䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䕀ᤶ៤Ѡ䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䞛⫼Ā䰸 2 পԭāˈे˖ᇚक䖯ࠊ᭄䰸ҹ 2ˈᕫࠄϔϾଚ ᭄੠ԭ᭄˗ݡᇚ݊ଚ᭄䰸ҹ 2ˈজᕫࠄϔϾଚ᭄੠ԭ᭄˗ձℸ㉏᥼ˈⳈࠄଚ᭄ㄝѢ 0 ЎℶǄ↣ ⃵᠔ᕫⱘԭ᭄˄0 ៪ 1˅ህᰃᇍᑨѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ৘ԡ᭄ᄫǄ೼᳔ৢᕫࠄѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ᯊˈᇚ㄀ϔ⃵ᕫ ࠄⱘԭ᭄԰ЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ᳔Ԣԡˈ᳔ৢϔ⃵ᕫࠄⱘԭ᭄԰ЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ᳔催ԡǄ Ǐ՟ 1-1ǐᇚक䖯ࠊᭈ᭄ 54 䕀ᤶ៤Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 2 54 ... ԭ᭄Ў 0 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ᳔Ԣԡ 2 27 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 צ 2 13 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 ᑣ 2 6 ... ԭ᭄Ў 0 প 2 3 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 ԭ 2 1 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ᳔催ԡ 0 ... ଚ᭄Ў 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳǄ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 54 ⱘѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 110110Ǆ

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Ǐ՟ 1-2ǐᇚक䖯ࠊᭈ᭄ 115 䕀ᤶ៤Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 2 115 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ᳔Ԣԡ 2 57 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 2 28 ... ԭ᭄Ў 0 2 14 ... ԭ᭄Ў 0 2 7 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 2 3 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 2 1 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ᳔催ԡ 0 ... ଚ᭄Ў 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳǄ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 115 ⱘѠ䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 1110011Ǆ ˄2˅ᇣ᭄䚼ߚǄ ᡞक䖯ࠊᇣ᭄䕀ᤶ៤Ѡ䖯ࠊᇣ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃĀЬ 2 পᭈāˈेᇍक䖯ࠊᇣ᭄Ь 2 ᕫࠄⱘ᭄ߚ Ўᭈ᭄੠ᇣ᭄ϸ䚼ߚˈপߎᭈ᭄ህᰃ䕀ᤶⱘ㒧ᵰ˗ݡ⫼ 2 Ьҹএᥝᭈ᭄ৢⱘᇣ᭄䚼ߚˈজᕫࠄ ϔϾ⬅ᭈ᭄੠ᇣ᭄㒘៤ⱘᮄ᭄ˈপ݊ᭈ᭄䚼ߚ˗བℸϡᮁ䞡໡ˈⳈࠄᇣ᭄䚼ߚЎ 0 ៪䖒ࠄ㊒ᑺ 㽕∖ЎℶǄ㄀ϔ⃵ᕫࠄⱘᭈ᭄Ў᳔催ԡˈ᳔ৢϔ⃵ᕫࠄⱘЎ᳔ԢԡǄ Ǐ՟ 1-3ǐᇚक䖯ࠊ᭄ 0.8125 䕀ᤶ៤Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 0.8125h2=1.625 পᭈ᭄ 1 催 0.625h2=1.25 পᭈ᭄ 1 0.25h2=0.5 পᭈ᭄ 0 0.5h2=1.0 পᭈ᭄ 1 Ԣ ˄ᇣ᭄䚼ߚЎ 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳ˅ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 0.8125 䕀ᤶ៤Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 0.1101Ǆ 2ĕಥࠩᄥ೴ᅧܰю̶ࠩᄥ೴ ᇚक䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄䞛⫼Ā䰸 8 পԭāǄܿ䖯ࠊ᭄䅵᭄ⱘॳ߭ᰃĀ䗶ܿ䖯ϔāˈ ಴ℸ೼ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄Ёϡৃ㛑ߎ⦄᭄ᄫヺো 8 ੠ 9Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-4ǐᇚक䖯ࠊ᭄ 59 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 8 59 ... ԭ᭄Ў 3 8 7 ... ԭ᭄Ў 7 0 ... ଚ᭄Ў 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳǄ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 59 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 73Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-5ǐᇚक䖯ࠊ᭄ 203 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 8 203 ... ԭ᭄Ў 3 8 25 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 8 3 ... ԭ᭄Ў 3 0 ... ଚ᭄Ў 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳǄ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 203 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 313Ǆ 3ĕಥࠩᄥ೴ᅧܰюಥঢࠩᄥ೴ ᇚक䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䞛⫼Ā䰸 16 পԭāǄक݁䖯ࠊ᭄䅵᭄ⱘॳ߭ᰃĀ䗶क צ ᑣ প ԭ

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݁䖯ϔāˈ೼क݁䖯ࠊ᭄Ёˈ⫼ A 㸼⼎ 10ˈB 㸼⼎ 11ˈC 㸼⼎ 12ˈD 㸼⼎ 13ˈE 㸼⼎ 14ˈF 㸼⼎ 15Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-6ǐᇚक䖯ࠊ᭄ 91 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 16 91 ... ԭ᭄Ў 11ˈे B 16 5 ... ԭ᭄Ў 5 0 ... ଚ᭄Ў 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳǄ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 91 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 5BǄ Ǐ՟ 1-7ǐᇚक䖯ࠊ᭄ 305 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 16 305 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 16 19 ... ԭ᭄Ў 3 16 1 ... ԭ᭄Ў 1 0 ... ଚ᭄Ў 0ˈ䕀ᤶ㒧ᴳǄ ಴ℸˈक䖯ࠊ᭄ 305 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 131Ǆ 4ĕߜ֝ࠩᄥ೴ᅧܰю̶ࠩᄥ೴ူಥঢࠩᄥ೴ ˄1˅ᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ ᇚϔϾѠ䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䕀ᤶЎܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃ˖ᇚ䆹Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ңে৥Ꮊ↣ϝԡߚ៤ϔ㒘ˈ 㒘䯈⫼䗫োߚ䱨ˈ↣ϔ㒘ҷ㸼ϔϾ 0̚7 П䯈ⱘ᭄Ǆ 㸼 1-2 ᠔⼎ЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄Ϣܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᇍᑨ݇㋏Ǆ 㸼 1-2 䖯ࠊⱘᇍᑨ݇㋏ Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ 000 0 001 1 010 2 011 3 100 4 101 5 110 6 111 7 Ǐ՟ 1-8ǐᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 1100101 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 001ˈ100ˈ101 Ę Ę Ę 1 4 5 ಴ℸˈѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 1100101 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 145Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-9ǐᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 11110100 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 011ˈ110ˈ100 Ę Ę Ę 3 6 4

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಴ℸˈѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 11110100 䕀ᤶ៤ܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 364Ǆ ˄2˅ᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ ᇚϔϾѠ䖯ࠊᭈ᭄䕀ᤶЎक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃ˖ᇚ䆹Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ңে৥Ꮊ↣ಯԡߚ៤ϔ㒘ˈ 㒘䯈⫼䗫োߚ䱨ˈ↣ϔ㒘ҷ㸼ϔϾ 0̚9ǃAǃBǃCǃDǃEǃF П䯈ⱘ᭄Ǆ 㸼 1-3 ᠔⼎ЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄Ϣक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᇍᑨ݇㋏Ǆ 㸼 1-3 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄Ϣक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᇍᑨ݇㋏ Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ क݁䖯ࠊ᭄ Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ क݁䖯ࠊ᭄ 0000 0 1000 8 0001 1 1001 9 0010 2 1010 A 0011 3 1011 B 0100 4 1100 C 0101 5 1101 D 0110 6 1110 E 0111 7 1111 F Ǐ՟ 1-10ǐᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 10111001010 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 0101ˈ1100ˈ1010 Ę Ę Ę 5 C A ಴ℸˈѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 10111001010 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 5CAǄ Ǐ՟ 1-11ǐᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 100111111111 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ 1001ˈ1111ˈ1111 Ę Ę Ę 9 F F ಴ℸˈѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 100111111111 䕀ᤶ៤क݁䖯ࠊ᭄ᰃ 9FFǄ 5ĕ֝ࠩᄥ೴c̶ࠩᄥ೴cಥঢࠩᄥ೴ᅧܰюಥࠩᄥ೴ ᇚ R 䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃĀᣝᴗԡሩᓔāˈ䗮ᓣЎ˖ (a_na_n-1…a₂a₁a₀.b₁b₂…b_n)_R=aQh Rn+an-1h Rn-1+...+a2h R2+a1h R1+a0h R0+b1h R-1+b2h R-2+…+b_nhR-n Ǐ՟ 1-12ǐᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 110111 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ (110111)₂=1h20+1h21+1h22+0h23+1h24+1h25 =1+2+4+0+16+32=(55)₁₀ ಴ℸˈѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 110111 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 55Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-13ǐᇚѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101010101 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ (101010101)₂=1h20+1h22+1h24+1h26+1h28 =1+4+16+64+256=(341)₁₀ ಴ℸˈѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101010101 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 341Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-14ǐᇚܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ 405 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ

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(405)₈=5h80+0h81+4h82=5+0+256=(261)_10` ಴ℸˈܿ䖯ࠊ᭄ 405 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 261Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-15ǐᇚक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ B31 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ (B31)₁₆=1h160+3h161+11h162=1+48+2816=(2865)₁₀ ಴ℸˈक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ B31 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 2865Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-16ǐᇚक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ BCD 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ (BCD)₁₆=13h160+12h161+11h162=13+192+2816=(3021)₁₀ ಴ℸˈक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ BCD 䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄Ў 3021Ǆ 6ĕ֝ࠩᄥ೴ԅ০ހၮസ 䘏䕥䖤ㅫᰃᣛᇍ಴ᵰ݇㋏䖯㸠ߚᵤⱘϔ⾡䖤ㅫǄ䘏䕥䖤ㅫⱘ㒧ᵰᑊϡ㸼⼎᭄ؐ໻ᇣˈ㗠 ᰃ㸼⼎ϔ⾡䘏䕥ὖᗉˈ㢹៤ゟ⫼ⳳ៪ 1 㸼⼎ˈ㢹ϡ៤ゟ⫼؛៪ 0 㸼⼎ǄѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘ䘏䕥䖤ㅫ᳝ ĀϢāǃĀ៪āǃĀ䴲āǃĀᓖ៪ā੠Āৠ៪āㄝˈᐌ㾕ⱘᰃࠡϝ⾡Ǆ ˄1˅ĀϢā䖤ㅫ˄AND˅Ǆ ĀϢā䖤ㅫজ⿄䘏䕥Ьˈ⫼ヺোĀ?ā៪Āġāᴹ㸼⼎Ǆ䖤ㅫ㾘߭བϟ˖ 0ġ0 = 0 0ġ1 = 0 1ġ0 = 0 1ġ1 = 1 ेϸϾখϢ䖤ㅫⱘ᭄ⱘᇍᑨⷕԡЁ᳝ϔϾ᭄Ў 0ˈ߭䖤ㅫ㒧ᵰЎ 0ˈা᳝ϸⷕԡᇍᑨⱘ᭄䛑Ў 1ˈ㒧ᵰᠡЎ 1Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-17ǐ∖Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101101 Ϣ 1010 ⱘ䘏䕥Ϣ䖤ㅫǄ 101101 ġ001010 Ꮊッᇍ唤ˈ㢹᭄ԡϡㄝ催ッ㸹 0Ǆ 001000 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101101 Ϣ 1010 ⱘ䘏䕥Ϣ䖤ㅫ㒧ᵰЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 1000Ǆ ˄2˅Ā៪ā䖤ㅫ˄OR˅Ǆ Ā៪ā䖤ㅫজ⿄䘏䕥ࡴˈ⫼ヺোĀ+ā៪ĀĢā㸼⼎Ǆ䖤ㅫ㾘߭བϟ˖ 0Ģ0 = 0 0Ģ1 = 1 1Ģ0 = 1 1Ģ1 = 1 ेϸϾখϢ䖤ㅫⱘ᭄ⱘⳌᑨⷕԡা㽕᳝ϔϾ᭄Ў 1ˈ߭䖤ㅫ㒧ᵰЎ 1ˈা᳝ϸⷕԡᇍᑨⱘ᭄ഛ Ў 0ˈ㒧ᵰᠡЎ 0Ǆ Ǐ՟ 1-18ǐ∖Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101101 Ϣ 1010 ⱘ䘏䕥៪䖤ㅫǄ 101101 Ģ001010 Ꮊッᇍ唤ˈ㢹᭄ԡϡㄝ催ッ㸹 0Ǆ 101111 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101101 Ϣ 1010 ⱘ䘏䕥៪䖤ㅫ㒧ᵰЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101111Ǆ ˄3˅Ā䴲ā䖤ㅫ˄NOT˅Ǆ Ā䴲ā䖤ㅫᅲ⦄䘏䕥৺ᅮˈे䖯㸠∖ড䖤ㅫˈ⫼ヺোĀā㸼⼎Ǆ䖤ㅫ㾘߭བϟ˖ 0 = 1 1 = 0 ⊼ᛣĀ䴲ā䖤ㅫাᰃ䩜ᇍϔϾ᭄᠔䖯㸠ⱘĀ䖤ㅫāˈ䖭Ϣࠡ䴶ⱘĀϢā੠Ā៪ā䖤ㅫϡৠǄ Ǐ՟ 1-19ǐ∖Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101101 ⱘ䘏䕥䴲䖤ㅫǄ 101101 010010 Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ 101101 ⱘ䘏䕥䴲䖤ㅫ㒧ᵰЎѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 10010Ǆ

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1.2.3 ᝠካ఻˗஝૶ᄊߛϲӭͯ 䅵ㅫᴎЁ᭄᥂੠ֵᙃᐌ⫼ⱘऩԡ᳝ԡǃᄫ㡖੠ᄫ䭓Ǆ 1ĕสďbitĐ 䅵ㅫᴎ䞛⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊˈ䖤ㅫ఼䖤ㅫⱘᰃѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ˈ᥻ࠊ఼থߎⱘ৘⾡ᣛҸг㸼⼎៤Ѡ䖯ࠊ ᭄ˈᄬټ఼Ёᄬᬒⱘ᭄᥂੠⿟ᑣгᰃѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ˈ೼㔥㒰Ϟ䖯㸠᭄᥂䗮ֵᯊথ䗕੠᥹ᬊⱘ䖬ᰃѠ 䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆᰒ✊ˈ೼䅵ㅫᴎݙ䚼ࠄ໘䛑ᰃ⬅ 0 ੠ 1 㒘៤ⱘ᭄᥂⌕Ǆ 䅵ㅫᴎЁ᳔ᇣⱘ᭄᥂ऩԡᰃѠ䖯ࠊⱘϔϾ᭄ԡˈㅔ⿄ԡ˄bit˅ˈᅗৃҹ㸼⼎ϸ⾡⢊ᗕ˖0 ੠ 1ˈ䅵ㅫᴎЁ᳔Ⳉ᥹ǃ᳔෎ᴀⱘ᪡԰ህᰃᇍѠ䖯ࠊԡⱘ᪡԰Ǆ 2ĕᆓࠋďByteĐ ᄫ㡖ㅔݭЎ BˈЎњ㸼⼎Ҏ䇏᭄᥂Ёⱘ᠔᳝ᄫヺ˄ᄫ↡ǃ᭄ᄫ੠৘⾡ϧ⫼ヺোˈ໻㑺᳝ 128̚256 Ͼ˅ˈ䳔㽕 7 ԡ៪ 8 ԡѠ䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ಴ℸˈҎӀ䞛⫼ 8 ԡЎ 1 Ͼᄫ㡖ˈ1 Ͼᄫ㡖⬅ 8 Ͼ Ѡ䖯ࠊ᭄ԡ㒘៤Ǆ ᄫ㡖ᰃ㸼⼎ᄬټぎ䯈໻ᇣⱘ᳔෎ᴀⱘᆍ䞣ऩԡˈг㹿䅸Ўᰃ䅵ㅫᴎЁ᳔ᇣⱘֵᙃऩԡǄ8 ϾѠ䖯ࠊԡЎϔϾᄫ㡖Ǆ䰸⫼ᄫ㡖Ўऩԡ㸼⼎ᄬټᆍ䞣໪ˈ䗮ᐌ䖬⫼ࠄ KB˄गᄫ㡖˅ǃMB˄ܚ ᄫ㡖˅ǃGB˄गܚᄫ㡖៪ঢ়ᄫ㡖˅ǃTB˄໾ᄫ㡖˅ǃPB˄ᢡᄫ㡖˅ǃEB˄㡒ᄫ㡖˅ㄝऩԡᴹ㸼⼎ᄬټ఼˄ݙᄬǃ⹀Ⲭǃ䕃Ⲭㄝ˅ⱘᄬټᆍ䞣៪᭛ӊⱘ໻ᇣǄ᠔䇧ᄬټᆍ䞣ᣛⱘᰃᄬټ఼Ё㛑 ໳ࣙ৿ⱘᄫ㡖᭄Ǆ ᄬټᆍ䞣ऩԡП䯈ⱘᤶㅫ݇㋏Ў˖ 1B=8bits 1KB=1024B 1MB=1024KB 1GB=1024MB 1TB=1024GB 1PB=1024TB 1EB=1024PB 3ĕᆓЩ ೼䅵ㅫᴎЁ԰ЎϔϾᭈԧ㹿ᄬপǃӴ䗕ǃ໘⧚ⱘѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ᄫヺІিخϔϾᄫ៪ऩܗˈ↣ ϾᄫЁѠ䖯ࠊԡ᭄ⱘ䭓ᑺ⿄Ўᄫ䭓ǄϔϾᄫ⬅㢹ᑆϾᄫ㡖㒘៤ˈϡৠ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘᄫ䭓ᰃϡৠ ⱘˈᐌ㾕ⱘ᳝ 8 ԡǃ16 ԡǃ32 ԡǃ64 ԡㄝˈᄫ䭓䍞䭓ˈ䅵ㅫᴎϔ⃵໘⧚ⱘֵᙃԡህ䍞໮ˈ㊒ ᑺህ䍞催ˈᄫ䭓ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎᗻ㛑ⱘϔϾ䞡㽕ᣛᷛǄ 1.2.4 ஝ϙᄊᎄᆊ᛫ᇨ ೼䅵ㅫᴎݙ㸼⼎᭄ؐⱘᯊ׭ˈҹ᳔催ԡ԰Ўヺোԡˈ᳔催ԡЎ 0 㸼⼎᭄ؐЎℷˈЎ 1 㸼⼎᭄ؐЎ䋳Ǆ㸼⼎᭄ؐৃҹ䞛⫼ϡৠⱘ㓪ⷕᮍ⊩ˈ᳔ᐌ㾕ⱘ᳝ϝ⾡˖ॳⷕǃডⷕ੠㸹ⷕǄ 1ĕၐ৲ ᳔催ԡ԰Ўヺোԡᴹ㸼⼎᭄ⱘヺো˖᳔催ԡЎ 0 ҷ㸼ℷ᭄ˈ᳔催ԡЎ 1 ҷ㸼䋳᭄ˈ݊ԭ ৘ԡҷ㸼᭄ؐᴀ䑿ⱘ㒱ᇍؐǄ՟བ˖ +10ⱘॳⷕᰃ˖00001010˄᳔催ԡ 0 㸼⼎䆹᭄Ўℷ˅ 10 ⱘॳⷕᰃ˖10001010˄᳔催ԡ 1 㸼⼎䆹᭄Ў䋳˅

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Ўㅔ࣪䍋㾕ˈ䖭䞠؛䆒⫼ϔϾᄫ㡖˄8 ϾѠ䖯ࠊԡ˅㸼⼎ᭈ᭄Ǆབᵰ⫼ϸϾᄫ㡖ᄬᬒϔϾ ᭈ᭄ˈᚙމᰃϔḋⱘˈাᰃᡞ+10 㸼⼎៤ 00000000 00001010 㗠ᏆǄ +0ⱘॳⷕᰃ˖00000000 -0ⱘॳⷕᰃ˖10000000 ᰒ✊ˈ+0 ੠-0 㸼⼎ⱘᰃৠϔϾ᭄ 0ˈ㗠೼䅵ㅫᴎݙै᳝ϸ⾡ϡৠⱘ㸼⼎Ǆ⬅Ѣ 0 ⱘ㸼⼎ ᮍ⊩ϡଃϔˈϡ䗖ড়䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䖤ㅫˈ᠔ҹ೼䅵ㅫᴎݙ䚼ϔ㠀ϡՓ⫼ॳⷕᴹ㸼⼎᭄Ǆ 2ĕֱ৲ ℷ᭄ⱘডⷕϢॳⷕⳌৠˈབ+10 ⱘডⷕгᰃ 00001010˗㗠䋳᭄ⱘডⷕᰃॳⷕ䰸ヺোԡ໪ ˄ҡЎ 1˅৘ԡপডǄ՟བ˖ -10ⱘডⷕᰃ˖11110101 +0ⱘডⷕᰃ˖00000000 -0ⱘডⷕᰃ˖11111111 ৠḋˈ0 ⱘ㸼⼎ᮍ⊩ϡଃϔˈ᠔ҹ೼䅵ㅫᴎݙ䚼ϔ㠀гϡՓ⫼ডⷕᴹ㸼⼎᭄Ǆ 3ĕϠ৲ ℷ᭄ⱘ㸹ⷕϢॳⷕⳌৠˈབ+10 ⱘ㸹ⷕৠḋᰃ 00001010˗㗠䋳᭄ⱘ㸹ⷕᰃ䰸᳔催ԡҡЎ 1 ໪ˈ݊ԭ৘ԡ∖ডˈ᳔ৢݡࡴ 1Ǆ՟བ˖ -10ⱘॳⷕᰃ 10001010ˈ∖ড˄䰸᳔催ԡ໪˅ৢᕫࠄ 11110101ˈݡࡴ 1ˈ㒧ᵰᰃ 11110110Ǆ ៪㗙䇈ˈ䋳᭄ⱘ㸹ⷕᰃ݊ডⷕࡴ 1Ǆ +0ⱘ㸹ⷕᰃ˖00000000 -0ⱘ㸹ⷕᰃ˖11111111 1 100000000

⑶ߎˈ࠽ϟ 00000000 ᠔ҹˈ⫼㸹ⷕᔶᓣ㸼⼎᭄ؐ 0 ᯊᰃଃϔⱘˈ䛑ᰃ 00000000Ǆ ⦄೼䅵ㅫᴎ䗮ᐌ䛑ᰃҹ㸹ⷕⱘᔶᓣᄬᬒˈ಴Ў䞛⫼㸹ⷕᔶᓣϡҙ᭄ؐ㸼⼎ଃϔˈ㗠Ϩ㛑 ᇚヺোԡϢ݊Ҫԡ䖯㸠㒳ϔࡴҹ໘⧚ˈЎ⹀ӊᅲ⦄ᦤկњᮍ֓Ǆ 1.2.5 ηৌ஝ߚӑ 1ĕޙസݯᄯԅ֝ࠩᄥ Ϟ䴶Ꮖ㒣ᦤࠄˈ䅵ㅫᴎݙ䚼ᰃϔϾѠ䖯ࠊⱘ᭄ᄫϪ⬠ˈϔߛֵᙃⱘᄬপǃ໘⧚੠Ӵ䗕䛑ᰃҹ Ѡ䖯ࠊ㓪ⷕᔶᓣ䖯㸠ⱘǄѠ䖯ࠊা᳝ 0 ੠ 1 䖭ϸϾ᭄ᄫヺোˈ0 ੠ 1 ৃҹ㸼⼎఼ӊⱘϸ⾡ϡৠⱘ 〇ᅮ⢊ᗕˈे⫼ 0 㸼⼎Ԣ⬉ᑇˈ⫼ 1 㸼⼎催⬉ᑇǄѠ䖯ࠊᰃ䅵ㅫᴎֵᙃ㸼⼎ǃᄬټǃӴ䕧ⱘ෎⸔Ǆ ೼䅵ㅫᴎЁˈᇍ᭄ᄫǃ᭛ᄫǃヺোǃ೒ᔶǃ೒ڣǃໄ䷇੠ࡼ⬏䛑ᰃ䞛⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊᴹ㸼⼎Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎ䞛 ⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊˈད໘ᰃ䖤ㅫ఼⬉䏃೼⠽⧚Ϟᕜᆍᯧᅲ⦄ǃ䖤ㅫㅔ֓ǃ䖤㸠ৃ䴴ǃ䘏䕥䅵ㅫᮍ֓Ǆ 2ĕ࿧ำᆓ׸Ω৲kASCII ৲

ASCII˄American Standard Code for Information Interchange˅㓪ⷕᰃ೼䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ЁՓ⫼

ᕫ᳔ᑓ⊯ⱘֵᙃ㓪ⷕǄᅗᴀЎ㕢೑ֵᙃѸᤶᷛޚҷⷕˈ⦄೼Ꮖ㹿೑䰙ᷛޚ࣪㒘㒛 ISO 䅸ᅮЎ ೑䰙ᷛޚǄASCII ⷕՓ⫼ᣛᅮⱘ 7 ԡ៪ 8 ԡѠ䖯ࠊ᭄㒘ড়ᴹ㸼⼎ 128 ៪ 256 ⾡ৃ㛑ⱘᄫヺǄᷛ

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ޚ ASCII ⷕՓ⫼ 7 ԡѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ᴹ㸼⼎᠔᳝ⱘ໻ݭ੠ᇣݭᄫ↡ǃ᭄ᄫ 0̚9ǃᷛ⚍ヺোˈҹঞ೼ 㕢ᓣ㣅䇁ЁՓ⫼ⱘ⡍⅞᥻ࠊᄫヺǄⳂࠡ䆌໮෎Ѣ x86 ⱘ㋏㒳䛑ᬃᣕՓ⫼ᠽሩ˄៪Ā催ā˅ASCII ⷕǄᠽሩ ASCII ⷕܕ䆌ᇚ↣Ͼᄫヺⱘ㄀ 8 ԡ⫼Ѣ⹂ᅮ䰘ࡴⱘ 128 Ͼ⡍⅞ヺোᄫヺǃ໪ᴹ䇁ᄫ ↡੠೒ᔶヺোǄ7 ԡ ASCII ⷕ㸼བ㸼 1-4 ᠔⼎Ǆ 㸼 1-4 ASCII ⷕ ࠡ 3 ԡ b6b5b4 ৢ 4 ԡ B3b2b1b0 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 0000 NUL DLE SP 0 @ P ′ p 0001 SOH DC1 ʽ 1 A Q a q 0010 STX DC2 ” 2 B R b r 0011 ETX DC3 # 3 C S c s 0100 EOT DC4 $ 4 D T d t 0101 ENQ NAK % 5 E U e u 0110 ACK SYN & 6 F V f v 0111 BEL ETB ’ 7 G W g w 1000 BS CAN ( 8 H X h x 1001 HT EM ) 9 I Y i y 1010 LF SUB * : J Z j z 1011 VT ESC + ; K [ k { 1100 FF FS , < L \ l | 1101 CR GS - = M ] m } 1110 SO RS . > N ↑ n ~ 1111 SI VS / ? O ↓ o Del 3ĕBCD ৲ BЎѠ䖯ࠊˈC Ў Coded˄㓪ⷕ˅ˈD Ўक䖯ࠊˈᬙ BCD ⱘ৿НЎ⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊ㓪ⷕक䖯ࠊˈ ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎݙक䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘϔ⾡㓪ⷕᮍ⊩ˈᷛޚЎಯԡѠ䖯ࠊ᭄㓪ⷕϔԡक䖯ࠊ᭄Ǆ㸼 1-5 ᠔⼎Ў क䖯ࠊ᭄ 0̚9 ᠔ᇍᑨⱘ BCD ⷕؐǄ 㸼 1-5 BCD ⷕ क䖯ࠊ BCD ⷕ क䖯ࠊ BCD ⷕ 0 0000 5 0101 1 0001 6 0110 2 0010 7 0111 3 0011 8 1000 4 0100 9 1001 4ĕۑᆓΩ৲ ∝ᄫ㓪ⷕᰃЎ∝ᄫ䆒䅵ⱘϔ⾡֓Ѣ䕧ܹ䅵ㅫᴎⱘҷⷕǄ⬅Ѣ⬉ᄤ䅵ㅫᴎ⦄᳝ⱘ䕧ܹ䬂Ⲭ Ϣ㣅᭛ᠧᄫᴎ䬂Ⲭᅠܼݐᆍˈ಴㗠བԩ䕧ܹ䴲ᢝϕᄫ↡ⱘ᭛ᄫ˄ࣙᣀ∝ᄫ˅֓៤њ໮ᑈᴹҎӀ

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ⷨおⱘ䇒乬Ǆ ˄1˅GB ೑ᷛⷕǄ ៥೑ࠊᅮњĀЁढҎ⇥݅੠೑೑ᆊᷛޚֵᙃѸᤶ∝ᄫ㓪ⷕāˈㅔ⿄೑ᷛⷕˈҷো GB2312ˉ80Ǆ 䆹㓪ⷕ䲚Ёᬊᔩњ∝ᄫ੠೒ᔶヺো 7445 Ͼˈ݊Ёϔ㑻∝ᄫ 3755 ϾǃѠ㑻∝ᄫ 3008 Ͼǃ೒ᔶ ヺো 682 ϾǄ ᣝ✻ GB2312ˉ80 ⱘ㾘ᅮˈ䞛⫼ঠ 7 ԡ㓪ⷕˈ催ԡ㕂 1 ֱᄬ೼ϸϾᄫ㡖ݙǄ᠔᳝ᬊᔩⱘ∝ ᄫঞ೒ᔶヺো㒘៤ϔϾ 94h94 ⱘⶽ䰉ˈे᳝ 94 㸠੠ 94 ߫Ǆ䖭䞠↣ϔ㸠⿄ЎϔϾऎˈ↣ϔ߫ ⿄ЎϔϾԡǄ಴ℸˈᅗ᳝ 94 Ͼऎ˄01̚94˅ˈ↣Ͼऎݙ᳝ 94 Ͼԡ˄01̚94˅ǄऎⷕϢԡⷕ㒘ড় ೼ϔ䍋⿄Ўऎԡⷕˈᅗৃޚ⹂⹂ᅮᶤϔ∝ᄫ៪೒ᔶヺোǄ՟བˈĀᄺāᄫⱘऎোЎ 49ˈԡোЎ 07ˈᅗⱘऎԡⷕेЎ 4907ˈ⫼ 2 Ͼᄫ㡖ⱘѠ䖯ࠊ᭄㸼⼎Ў˖00110001 00000111Ǆ ˄2˅∝ᄫѸᤶⷕǄ ∝ᄫѸᤶⷕᰃᣛϡৠⱘ݋᳝∝ᄫ໘⧚ࡳ㛑ⱘ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳П䯈೼Ѹᤶ∝ᄫֵᙃᯊ᠔Փ⫼ ⱘҷⷕᷛޚǄऎԡⷕ᮴⊩⫼Ѣ∝ᄫ䗮ֵˈ಴Ўᅗৃ㛑Ϣ䗮ֵՓ⫼ⱘ᥻ࠊⷕ˄00H̚1FHˈे 0̚31˅থ⫳ކさǄISO2022 㾘ᅮ↣Ͼ∝ᄫⱘऎো੠ԡোᖙ乏ߚ߿ࡴϞ 32˄ेѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ 00100000˅ˈ㒣䖛䖭ḋⱘ໘⧚㗠ᕫǄ ҷⷕ⿄Ў೑ᷛѸᤶⷕˈㅔ⿄Ѹᤶⷕˈ಴ℸĀᄺāᄫⱘ೑ᷛѸᤶⷕ䅵ㅫЎ˖ 00110001 00000111 + 00100000 + 00100000 01010001 00100111 ˄3˅∝ᄫᴎݙⷕǄ ∝ᄫᴎݙⷕᰃ∝ᄫ೼ֵᙃ໘⧚㋏㒳ݙ䚼᳔෎ᴀⱘ㸼䖒ᔶᓣˈᰃկ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ݙ䚼䖯㸠∝ᄫ ⱘᄬټǃ໘⧚ǃӴ䕧㒳ϔՓ⫼ⱘҷⷕǄЎњϢ ASCII ⷕⳌऎߚˈᇚ೑ᷛѸᤶⷕϸϾᄫ㡖ⱘ᳔催 ԡ䛑㕂Ў 1Ǆ䖭⾡催ԡЎ 1 ⱘঠᄫ㡖∝ᄫ㓪ⷕेЎ GB2312 ∝ᄫⱘᴎݙⷕˈㅔ⿄ЎݙⷕǄ ՟བĀᄺāᄫⱘᴎݙⷕЎ˖11010001 10100111Ǆ ˄4˅∝ᄫⱘᄫᔶⷕǄ Ўњᇚ∝ᄫ೼ᰒ⼎఼៪ᠧॄᴎϞ䕧ߎˈᡞ∝ᄫᣝ೒ᔶヺো䆒䅵៤⚍䰉೒ˈህᕫࠄњⳌᑨ ⱘ⚍䰉ҷⷕˈ⿄Ў∝ᄫⱘᄫᔶⷕǄ՟བˈ∝ᄫĀԴāⱘ⚍䰉ҷⷕབ೒ 1-6 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-6 16h16 ⚍䰉೒ 5ĕտਢ඘໰๯ ໮ၦԧϔ䆡ᰃ⬅㣅᭛ Multimedia Ⳉ䆥㗠ᴹˈे㛑㹿䅵ㅫᴎ໘⧚ⱘ໮⾡ֵᙃၦԧˈࣙᣀ᭛ᴀǃ ೒ᔶǃ೒ڣǃໄ䷇ǃࡼ⬏ǃ㾚乥ㄝǄ৘⾡໮ၦԧֵᙃ䗮ᐌᣝ✻㾘ᅮⱘḐᓣᄬټ೼᭄᥂᭛ӊЁǄ

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1.3 ᝠካ఻ጇፒጸੇ

ϔϾᅠᭈⱘ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ᰃ⬅⹀ӊ˄Hardware˅㋏㒳੠䕃ӊ˄Software˅㋏㒳ϸ໻䚼ߚ㒘 ៤ⱘǄ 䅵ㅫᴎ⹀ӊᰃᣛ㋏㒳Ёৃҹ㾺ᩌࠄⱘ䆒໛ᅲԧˈेᵘ៤䅵ㅫᴎⱘ᳝ᔶⱘ⠽⧚䆒໛ˈᰃ䅵 ㅫᴎᎹ԰ⱘ෎⸔ˈڣރg䇎ձ᳐䅵ㅫᴎЁᦤࠄⱘѨ໻㒘៤䚼ӊ䛑ᰃ⹀ӊǄ⹀ӊᣝ✻⡍ᅮⱘᮍᓣ 㒘㒛៤⹀ӊ㋏㒳ˈण䇗Ꮉ԰Ǆ 䅵ㅫᴎ䕃ӊᰃᣛ೼⹀ӊ䆒໛Ϟ䖤㸠ⱘ৘⾡⿟ᑣ੠᭛ḷǄབᵰ䅵ㅫᴎϡ䜡㕂ӏԩ䕃ӊˈ䅵 ㅫᴎ⹀ӊ᮴⊩থ᣹݊԰⫼Ǆা᳝⹀ӊ≵᳝䕃ӊⱘ䅵ㅫᴎ⿄Ў㻌ᴎǄ⹀ӊϢ䕃ӊⱘ݇㋏ᰃⳌѦ䜡 ড়݅ৠᅠ៤݊Ꮉ԰ӏࡵǄ 1.3.1 ᝠካ఻ᄊᆶ͈ጇፒ ϔϾ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘ⹀ӊ䘏䕥Ϟᰃ⬅䖤ㅫ఼ǃ᥻ࠊ఼ǃᄬټ఼ǃ䕧ܹ䆒໛੠䕧ߎ䆒໛Ѩ໻ 䚼ߚ㒘៤ⱘˈབ೒ 1-7 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-7 䅵ㅫᴎⱘ෎ᴀ㒧ᵘ 1ĕၮസ୶ 䖤ㅫ఼ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎЁᠻ㸠৘⾡ㅫᴃ੠䘏䕥䖤ㅫ᪡԰ⱘ䚼ӊǄ䖤ㅫ఼⬅ㅫᴃ䘏䕥ऩܗ˄ALU˅ǃ ㌃ࡴ఼ǃ⢊ᗕᆘᄬ఼ǃ䗮⫼ᆘᄬ఼㒘ㄝ㒘៤Ǆㅫᴃ䘏䕥䖤ㅫऩܗⱘ෎ᴀࡳ㛑ЎࡴǃޣǃЬǃ䰸 ಯ߭䖤ㅫˈϢǃ៪ǃ䴲ǃᓖ៪ㄝ䘏䕥᪡԰ˈҹঞ⿏ԡǃ∖㸹ㄝ᪡԰Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎ䖤㸠ᯊˈ䖤ㅫ఼ⱘ ᪡԰੠᪡԰⾡㉏⬅᥻ࠊ఼އᅮǄ䖤ㅫ఼໘⧚ⱘ᭄᥂ᴹ㞾ᄬټ఼ˈ໘⧚ৢⱘ㒧ᵰ᭄᥂䗮ᐌ䗕ಲᄬ ټ఼៪᱖ᯊᆘᄬ೼䖤ㅫ఼ЁǄ 2ĕࣅᄥ୶ ᥻ࠊ఼ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᣛ᣹Ёᖗˈ䋳䋷އᅮᠻ㸠⿟ᑣⱘ乎ᑣˈ㒭ߎᠻ㸠ᣛҸᯊᴎ఼৘䚼ӊ䳔㽕ⱘ᪡԰᥻ࠊੑҸˈ⬅⿟ᑣ䅵఼᭄ǃᣛҸᆘᄬ఼ǃᣛҸ䆥ⷕ఼ǃᯊᑣѻ⫳఼੠᪡԰᥻ࠊ఼㒘៤ˈ ᰃথᏗੑҸⱘĀއㄪᴎᵘāˈेᅠ៤ण䇗੠ᣛ᣹ᭈϾ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘ᪡԰Ǆ 䖤ㅫ఼੠᥻ࠊ఼ড়⿄ЎЁ༂໘⧚఼˄CPU˅Ǆ 3ĕӉ҅୶ ᄬټ఼˄Memory˅ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳Ёⱘ䆄ᖚ䆒໛ˈ⫼ᴹᄬᬒ⿟ᑣ੠᭄᥂Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎЁⱘܼ䚼 ֵᙃˈࣙᣀ䕧ܹⱘॳྟ᭄᥂ǃ䅵ㅫᴎ⿟ᑣǃЁ䯈䖤㸠㒧ᵰ੠᳔㒜䖤㸠㒧ᵰ䛑ֱᄬ೼ᄬټ఼ЁǄ ॳྟ᭄᥂ 䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰ 䕧 ߎ 䆒 ໛ 䕧 ܹ 䆒 ໛ 䖤ㅫ఼ ᄬټ఼ ᥻ࠊ఼

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ᅗḍ᥂᥻ࠊ఼ᣛᅮⱘԡ㕂ᄬܹ੠পߎֵᙃǄᄬټ఼ߚЎЏᄬټ఼˄៪⿄ݙᄬټ఼ˈㅔ⿄ݙᄬ˅ ੠䕙ࡽᄬټ఼˄៪⿄໪ᄬټ఼ˈㅔ⿄໪ᄬ˅Ǆ 4ĕ೛దಁ΁ 䕧ܹ䆒໛ᰃ⫼ᴹᡞ䅵ㅫᴎ໪䚼ⱘ⿟ᑣǃ᭄᥂ㄝֵᙃ䗕ܹࠄ䅵ㅫᴎݙ䚼ⱘ䆒໛Ǆᐌ⫼ⱘ䕧 ܹ䆒໛᳝䬂Ⲭǃ哴ᷛǃܝヨǃᠿᦣҾǃ᭄ᄫ࣪Ҿǃ呺ܟ亢ㄝǄ 5ĕ೛ѻಁ΁ 䕧ߎ䆒໛䋳䋷ᇚ䅵ㅫᴎⱘݙ䚼ֵᙃӴ䗦ߎᴹ˄⿄Ў䕧ߎ˅ˈ៪೼ሣᐩϞᰒ⼎ˈ៪೼ᠧॄᴎ Ϟᠧॄˈ៪೼໪䚼ᄬټ఼ϞᄬᬒǄᐌ⫼ⱘ䕧ߎ䆒໛᳝ᰒ⼎఼੠ᠧॄᴎㄝǄ 1.3.2 ᝠካ఻ᄊᣄ͈ጇፒ 1ĕనߑԅؠ઱ 䕃ӊᰃᣛ䅵ㅫᴎ⿟ᑣঞ᳝݊݇᭛ḷǄ⿟ᑣᰃᣛĀЎњᕫࠄᶤ⾡㒧ᵰৃҹ⬅䅵ㅫᴎㄝ݋᳝ ֵᙃ໘⧚㛑࡯ⱘ㺙㕂ᠻ㸠ⱘҷⷕ࣪ᣛҸᑣ߫āˈ㗠᭛ḷᣛⱘᰃĀ⫼㞾✊䇁㿔៪㗙ᔶᓣ࣪䇁㿔᠔ 㓪ݭⱘ᭛ᄫ䌘᭭੠೒㸼ˈ⫼ᴹᦣ䗄⿟ᑣⱘݙᆍǃ㒘៤ǃ䆒䅵ǃࡳ㛑㾘Ḑǃᓔথᚙމǃ⌟䆩㒧ᵰ ঞՓ⫼ᮍ⊩ˈབ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇈ᯢкǃ⌕⿟೒ǃ⫼᠋᠟ݠㄝāǄ 2ĕనߑԅדफ 䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䕃ӊ㋏㒳ϔ㠀ߚЎ㋏㒳䕃ӊ੠ᑨ⫼䕃ӊϸ໻䚼ߚǄ ˄1˅㋏㒳䕃ӊǄ㋏㒳䕃ӊᰃᣛ䋳䋷ㅵ⧚ǃⲥ᥻੠㓈ᡸ䅵ㅫᴎ⹀ӊ੠䕃ӊ䌘⑤ⱘϔ⾡䕃ӊǄ ㋏㒳䕃ӊ⫼Ѣথ᣹੠ᠽ໻䅵ㅫᴎⱘࡳ㛑ঞ⫼䗨ˈᦤ催䅵ㅫᴎⱘᎹ԰ᬜ⥛ˈᮍ֓⫼᠋ⱘՓ⫼Ǆ㋏㒳䕃ӊЏ㽕ࣙᣀ᪡԰㋏㒳ǃ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔ঞ݊໘⧚⿟ᑣ˄བ∛㓪⿟ᑣǃ㓪䆥⿟ᑣǃ㾷䞞⿟ᑣㄝ˅ǃ ᭄᥂ᑧㅵ⧚㋏㒳ǃ㋏㒳᳡ࡵ⿟ᑣˈҹঞᬙ䱰䆞ᮁ⿟ᑣǃ䇗䆩⿟ᑣǃ㓪䕥⿟ᑣㄝᎹ݋䕃ӊǄ ˄2˅ᑨ⫼䕃ӊǄᑨ⫼䕃ӊᰃᣛ߽⫼䅵ㅫᴎ੠㋏㒳䕃ӊЎ㾷އ৘⾡ᅲ䰙䯂乬㗠㓪ࠊⱘ⿟ᑣǄ ᐌ㾕ⱘᑨ⫼䕃ӊ᳝⾥ᄺ䅵ㅫ⿟ᑣǃ೒ᔶϢ೒ڣ໘⧚䕃ӊǃ㞾ࡼ᥻ࠊ⿟ᑣǃᚙ᡹Ẕ㋶㋏㒳ǃᎹ䌘 ㅵ⧚⿟ᑣǃҎџㅵ⧚⿟ᑣǃ䋶ࡵㅵ⧚⿟ᑣˈҹঞ䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽ䆒䅵Ϣࠊ䗴ǃ䕙ࡽᬭᄺ䕃ӊㄝǄ 1.3.3 ᝠካ఻ጇፒᄊࡏ൓Тጇ 䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳Ёⱘ⹀ӊ㋏㒳੠䕃ӊ㋏㒳ᰃᣝ✻ϔᅮⱘሖ⃵݇㋏䖯㸠㒘㒛ⱘǄ⹀ӊ໘Ѣ᳔ݙ ሖˈ✊ৢᰃ䕃ӊ㋏㒳Ёⱘ᪡԰㋏㒳Ǆ᪡԰㋏㒳ᰃ㋏㒳䕃ӊЁⱘḌᖗˈᅗᡞ⫼᠋੠䅵ㅫᴎ⹀ӊ㋏㒳䱨⾏ᓔᴹˈ⫼᠋ᇍ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ᪡԰ϔᕟ䕀࣪Ўᇍ㋏㒳䕃ӊⱘ᪡԰ˈ᠔᳝݊Ҫ䕃ӊ˄ࣙᣀ㋏㒳䕃 ӊϢᑨ⫼䕃ӊ˅䛑ᖙ乏೼᪡԰㋏㒳ⱘᬃᣕ੠᳡ࡵϟᠡ㛑䖤㸠Ǆ᪡԰㋏㒳໪ᰃ݊Ҫ㋏㒳䕃ӊˈ᳔ ໪ሖЎ⫼᠋⿟ᑣǄ৘ሖᅠ៤৘ሖⱘӏࡵˈሖ䯈ᅮН᥹ষǄ䖭⾡ሖ⃵݇㋏Ў䕃ӊⱘᓔথǃᠽܙ੠ Փ⫼ᦤկњᔎ᳝࡯ⱘ᠟↉Ǆ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘሖ⃵㒧ᵘབ೒ 1-8 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-8 䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘሖ⃵㒧ᵘ ⫼᠋ᑨ⫼䕃ӊ ݊Ҫ㋏㒳䕃ӊ ᪡԰㋏㒳 ⹀ӊ

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1.3.4 ሮऀ᝺ᝠឦᝓ Ўњ䅽䅵ㅫᴎ㾷އᅲ䰙䯂乬ˈՓ䅵ㅫᴎᣝҎⱘᛣ೒䖯㸠Ꮉ԰ˈҎӀЏ㽕䗮䖛⫼䅵ㅫᴎ㛑 ໳Āពāᕫⱘ䇁㿔੠䇁⊩Ḑᓣ㓪ݭ⿟ᑣᑊᦤѸ䅵ㅫᴎᠻ㸠ᴹᅲ⦄Ǆ㓪ݭ⿟ᑣ᠔䞛⫼ⱘ䇁㿔ህᰃ ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔Ǆ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔ϔ㠀ߚЎᴎ఼䇁㿔ǃ∛㓪䇁㿔੠催㑻䇁㿔Ǆ 1ĕݯ୶ဴཝ ᴎ఼䇁㿔ᰃⳈ᥹⫼Ѡ䖯ࠊҷⷕᣛҸ㸼䖒ⱘ䅵ㅫᴎ䇁㿔ˈᣛҸᰃ⫼ 0 ੠ 1 㒘៤ⱘϔІҷⷕˈ ᅗӀ᳝ϔᅮⱘԡ᭄ˈᑊߚ៤㢹ᑆ↉ˈ৘↉ⱘ㓪ⷕ㸼⼎ϡৠⱘ৿Нˈ՟བᶤৄ䅵ㅫᴎᄫ䭓Ў 16 ԡˈे⬅ 16 ԡѠ䖯ࠊ᭄㒘៤ϔᴵᣛҸ៪݊ҪֵᙃǄ16 Ͼ 0 ੠ 1 ৃ㒘៤৘⾡ᥦ߫㒘ড়ˈ䗮䖛㒓䏃ব៤⬉ֵোˈ䅽䅵ㅫᴎᠻ㸠৘⾡ϡৠⱘ᪡԰Ǆᴎ఼䇁㿔⿟ᑣⱘӬ⚍ᰃ˖⿟ᑣৃ㹿ᴎ఼Ⳉ᥹ᠻ 㸠ˈϡ䳔㽕ӏԩ㗏䆥ˈ⿟ᑣᠻ㸠ᬜ⥛催˗㔎⚍ᰃ˖⬅Ѣᴎ఼ᣛҸ᭄Ⳃ໾໮ˈϨ䛑ᰃѠ䖯ࠊҷⷕˈ ᠔ҹ⫼ᴎ఼䇁㿔㓪ݭⱘ⿟ᑣ䲒Ѣ䕼䅸ǃ䲒Ѣ䆄ᖚǃ䲒Ѣ䇗䆩ǃ䲒Ѣׂᬍˈϡᯧ⿏ỡǄ 䅵ㅫᴎা㛑᥹ফҹѠ䖯ࠊᔶᓣ㸼⼎ⱘᴎ఼䇁㿔ˈ᠔ҹӏԩ䴲ᴎ఼䇁㿔⿟ᑣ᳔㒜䛑㽕㗏䆥 ៤⬅Ѡ䖯ࠊҷⷕᵘ៤ⱘᴎ఼䇁㿔⿟ᑣˈᴎ఼ᠡ㛑ᠻ㸠䖭ѯ⿟ᑣǄ 2ĕݘΩဴཝ ∛㓪䇁㿔ᰃ䴶৥ᴎ఼ⱘ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔Ǆ∛㓪䇁㿔ᰃϔ⾡ࡳ㛑ᕜᔎⱘ⿟ᑣ䆒䅵䇁㿔ˈгᰃ߽ ⫼䅵ㅫᴎ᠔᳝⹀ӊ⡍ᗻᑊ㛑Ⳉ᥹᥻ࠊ⹀ӊⱘ䇁㿔ǄՓ⫼∛㓪䇁㿔㓪ݭⱘ⿟ᑣᴎ఼ϡ㛑Ⳉ᥹䆚߿ˈ 㽕⬅ϔ⾡⿟ᑣᇚ∛㓪䇁㿔㗏䆥៤ᴎ఼䇁㿔ˈ䖭⾡䍋㗏䆥԰⫼ⱘ⿟ᑣি∛㓪⿟ᑣˈ∛㓪⿟ᑣᰃ㋏㒳䕃ӊЁⱘ䇁㿔໘⧚㋏㒳䕃ӊǄ∛㓪䇁㿔㓪䆥఼ᡞ∛㓪⿟ᑣ㗏䆥៤ᴎ఼䇁㿔ⱘ䖛⿟⿄Ў∛㓪Ǆ 3ĕغމဴཝ ᴎ఼䇁㿔੠∛㓪䇁㿔䛑ᰃ䴶৥ᴎ఼ⱘ䇁㿔ˈ㗠催㑻䇁㿔ᰃ䴶৥䯂乬ⱘ䇁㿔Ǆ催㑻䇁㿔Ϣ ݋ԧⱘ䅵ㅫᴎ⹀ӊ᮴݇ˈ݊㸼䖒ᮍᓣ᥹䖥ѢҎӀᇍ∖㾷䖛⿟៪䯂乬ⱘᦣ䗄ᮍ⊩ˈᆍᯧ⧚㾷ǃᥠ ᦵ੠䆄ᖚǄ⫼催㑻䇁㿔㓪ݭⱘ⿟ᑣⱘ䗮⫼ᗻ੠ৃ⿏ỡᗻདǄⳂࠡˈϪ⬠Ϟ᳝Ϟⱒ⾡䅵ㅫᴎ催㑻䇁㿔Ǆ⫼催㑻䇁㿔㓪ݭⱘ⿟ᑣ䗮ᐌ⿄Ў⑤⿟ᑣǄ䅵ㅫᴎϡ㛑Ⳉ᥹ᠻ㸠⑤⿟ᑣǄ⫼催㑻䇁㿔㓪ݭ ⱘ⑤⿟ᑣᖙ乏㹿㗏䆥៤Ѡ䖯ࠊҷⷕ㒘៤ⱘᴎ఼䇁㿔ৢˈ䅵ㅫᴎᠡ㛑ᠻ㸠Ǆ催㑻䇁㿔⑤⿟ᑣ᳝㓪䆥੠㾷䞞ϸ⾡ᠻ㸠ᮍᓣǄ 㾷䞞ᠻ㸠˖ᰃᇍ䅵ㅫᴎ⿟ᑣ㾷䞞ϔ㸠ᠻ㸠ϔ㸠ⱘ⿟ᑣᠻ㸠ᮍᓣˈ݌ൟⱘᰃ BASIC 䇁㿔Ǆ 㓪䆥ᠻ㸠˖ᰃᇚ䅵ㅫᴎ⿟ᑣܜܼ䚼㓪䆥ЎԢ㑻䇁㿔ৢݡᠻ㸠ⱘ⿟ᑣᠻ㸠ᮍᓣˈབ C 䇁㿔Ǆ 1.3.5 ୲ͻጇፒ ᪡԰㋏㒳˄Operating SystemˈOS˅ᰃⳈ᥹䖤㸠೼Ā㻌ᴎāϞⱘ᳔෎ᴀⱘ㋏㒳䕃ӊˈ݊Ҫ 䕃ӊ䛑ᖙ乏೼᪡԰㋏㒳ⱘᬃᣕϟᠡ㛑䖤㸠Ǆ᪡԰㋏㒳ᰃ⬅ᮽᳳⱘ䅵ㅫᴎㅵ⧚⿟ᑣথሩ㗠ᴹⱘˈ ⳂࠡᏆ៤Ў䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳৘⾡䌘⑤˄ࣙᣀ⹀ӊ䌘⑤੠䕃ӊ䌘⑤˅ⱘ㒳ϔㅵ⧚ǃ᥻ࠊǃ䇗ᑺ੠ⲥⴷ 㗙ˈ⬅ᅗড়⧚ഄ㒘㒛䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘᎹ԰⌕⿟ˈᦤկ⫼᠋Ϣ᪡԰㋏㒳П䯈ⱘ䕃ӊ᥹ষǄ݊Џ㽕ࡳ 㛑བϟ˖ 䖯⿟ㅵ⧚˄े໘⧚ᴎㅵ⧚˅˖೼໮⫼᠋ǃ໮ӏࡵⱘ⦃๗ϟˈЏ㽕ᰃᇍ CPU 䖯㸠䌘⑤ⱘ ߚ䜡䇗ᑺˈ᳝ᬜഄ㒘㒛໮Ͼ԰Ϯৠᯊ䖤㸠Ǆ ᄬټㅵ⧚˖Џ㽕ᰃㅵ⧚ݙᄬ䌘⑤ˈড়⧚ഄЎ⿟ᑣⱘ䖤㸠ߚ䜡ݙᄬぎ䯈Ǆ ᭛ӊㅵ⧚˖᳝ᬜᬃᣕ᭛ӊⱘᄬټǃẔ㋶੠ׂᬍㄝ᪡԰ˈ㾷އ᭛ӊⱘ݅ѿǃֱᆚϢֱᡸ 䯂乬Ǆ

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䆒໛ㅵ⧚˖䋳䋷໪䚼䆒໛ⱘߚ䜡ǃਃࡼ੠ᬙ䱰໘⧚ˈ䅽⫼᠋ᮍ֓ഄՓ⫼໪䆒Ǆ ԰Ϯㅵ⧚˖ᦤկՓ⫼㋏㒳ⱘ㡃ད⦃๗ˈՓ⫼᠋㛑᳝ᬜഄ㒘㒛㞾ᏅⱘᎹ԰⌕⿟Ǆ ᪡԰㋏㒳ৃҹ๲ᔎ㋏㒳ⱘ໘⧚㛑࡯ˈՓ㋏㒳䌘⑤ᕫࠄ᳝ᬜ߽⫼ˈЎᑨ⫼䕃ӊⱘ䖤㸠ᦤկ ᬃᩥ⦃๗ˈ䅽⫼᠋ᮍ֓ഄՓ⫼䅵ㅫᴎǄ᪡԰㋏㒳ᰃ᳔ᑩሖⱘ㋏㒳䕃ӊˈᰃ䅵ㅫᴎ䕃ӊⱘḌᖗ੠ ෎⸔Ǆ᠔᳝݊Ҫ䕃ӊ˄ࣙᣀ㋏㒳䕃ӊ੠ᑨ⫼䕃ӊ˅䛑ᖙ乏೼ᅗⱘᬃᣕ੠᳡ࡵϟ䖤㸠Ǆ ᪡԰㋏㒳ৃߚЎऩ⫼᠋᪡԰㋏㒳ǃᡍ໘⧚᪡԰㋏㒳ǃߚᯊ᪡԰㋏㒳ǃᅲᯊ᪡԰㋏㒳ǃ㔥㒰᪡԰㋏㒳ǃߚᏗᓣ᪡԰㋏㒳 6 ⾡㉏ൟǄ

1.4 ॲیᝠካ఻۳వᦡᎶ

ҎӀ᠔㾕ࠄⱘᖂᴎѻકᰃϔϾ⍝ঞ໮⫳ѻॖᆊⱘѻકǄϔ㠀ᴹ䇈ˈ䅵ㅫᴎⱘક⠠ᰃ᳔ৢ 㒘㺙ӕϮⱘક⠠ˈབ㘨ᛇǃᮍℷǃ᠈ᇨǄᅗӀⱘ䆌໮݇䬂䚼ӊ䛑ᰃ䞛䌁Ѣ݊ҪϧϮ⫳ѻॖᆊǄ Ϣ៥Ӏ㞾Ꮕ㒘㺙ᖂᴎϡৠⱘᰃક⠠ᴎⱘ䜡ӊ䋼䞣ǃ䜡ӊ䯈ⱘऍ䜡ǃ䜡ӊ䯈ⱘ⺼ড়˄䅵ㅫᴎϮ⿄ Ў㗕࣪˅䛑㒣䖛ϧϮᡔᴃҎਬⱘ䆒䅵ǃᡞ݇੠໘⧚Ǆક⠠ᴎ᳝Ⳍᇍᅠ୘ⱘଂৢ᳡ࡵǄԚህᖂᴎ ⱘᗻӋ↨㗠㿔ˈ㞾Ꮕ㒘㺙䅵ㅫᴎⱘᗻӋ↨㽕催ᕫ໮Ǆ 1.4.1 ॲیᝠካ఻ᄊᆶ͈ᦡᎶ ϔৄᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ⹀ӊ㋏㒳Џ㽕⬅Ё༂໘⧚఼˄CPU˅ǃЏ⠜ǃᴎㆅǃᄬټ఼ǃ䕧ܹ䆒໛ ੠䕧ߎ䆒໛㒘៤ˈབ೒ 1-9 ᠔⼎Ǆ ヨ䆄ᴀ⬉㛥⬅Ѣԧ⿃ᕜᇣˈᨎᏺ䴲ᐌᮍ֓ˈ䍞ᴹ䍞ফࠄ⫼᠋ⱘ୰⠅Ǆ݊ᔶ⢊ᕜڣϔϾヨ䆄ᴀˈབ೒ 1-10 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-9 ϾҎ⬉㛥 ೒ 1-10 ヨ䆄ᴀ⬉㛥 1ĕᄯུ҉स୶kCPU

CPUᰃ Central Processing Unit ⱘ㓽ݭˈজ⿄Ўᖂ໘⧚఼ǄCPU Џ㽕⬅䖤ㅫ఼੠᥻ࠊ఼㒘

៤ˈᰃᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎ⹀ӊ㋏㒳ЁⱘḌᖗ䚼ӊǄ䅵ㅫᴎ᠔থ⫳ⱘܼ䚼ࡼ԰䛑ফ CPU ⱘ᥻ࠊˈCPU ક䋼ⱘ催Ԣ䗮ᐌއᅮњϔৄ䅵ㅫᴎⱘḷ⃵Ǆ

CPUᗻ㛑ⱘЏ㽕খ᭄ࣙᣀᄫ䭓ǃЏ乥ǃ໪乥ǃ㓧ᄬǃ᥹ষǃᎹ԰⬉य़ㄝ޴ᮍ䴶Ǆ

Џ乥˖гিᯊ䩳乥⥛ˈऩԡᰃ MHzˈ⫼ᴹ㸼⼎ CPU ⱘ䖤ㅫ䗳ᑺǄЏ乥ᰃ㸵䞣 CPU

ᗻ㛑ⱘϔϾ䞡㽕ᣛᷛˈԚϡҷ㸼 CPU ⱘᭈԧᗻ㛑ǄCore i5-650 ⱘЏ乥ৃ䖒 3.2GHzǄ

໪乥˖ᰃ CPU ⱘ෎ޚ乥⥛ˈऩԡᰃ MHzǄⳂࠡ Core i5-650 CPU ⱘ໪乥Ꮖ䖒ࠄ 733MHz

ҹϞǄCPU ⱘᎹ԰Џ乥ᰃ䗮䖛ס乥㋏᭄Ьҹ໪乥ᕫࠄⱘǄ

ᄫ䭓˖CPU ೼ऩԡᯊ䯈ݙ˄ৠϔᯊ䯈˅㛑ϔ⃵໘⧚ⱘѠ䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘԡ᭄িᄫ䭓ǄⳂࠡˈ

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㓧ᄬ˖㓧ᄬᰃৃҹ䖯㸠催䗳ᄬপⱘᄬټ఼ˈজ⿄ Cacheˈ⫼Ѣݙᄬ੠ CPU П䯈ⱘ᭄ ᥂ѸᤶǄ㓧ᄬ໻ᇣгᰃ CPU ⱘ䞡㽕ᣛᷛПϔǄ

Ϫ⬠Ϟ⫳ѻ CPU 㢃⠛ⱘ݀ৌЏ㽕᳝ IntelǃAMD ੠ VIA ㄝǄIntel ݀ৌᰃⳂࠡϪ⬠Ϟ᳔໻ ⱘ CPU 㢃⠛ࠊ䗴ଚˈAMD ᰃଃϔ㛑Ϣ Intel ゲѝⱘ CPU ⫳ѻॖᆊǄ

Intel ݀ৌⱘ Core i5 ㋏߫ѻક໪ᔶབ೒ 1-11 ᠔⼎ǄAMD ݀ৌⱘѻકЏ㽕᳝ AMD

A10-6800KǃAMD A8-5600K ੠ AMD 䗳啭 II X4 ㄝǄ

೒ 1-11 Intel ⫳ѻⱘ Core i5 ㋏߫㢃⠛ ⬅៥೑⾥ⷨҎਬ㞾Џ⹀ᗻⷨথⱘǃ݋᳝㞾Џⶹ䆚ѻᴗⱘ䗮⫼ CPUĀ啭㢃 1 োāѢ 2002 ᑈ 9 ᳜䯂Ϫˈ݊ᣛҸ㋏㒳䞛⫼ MIPSIII 32 ԡᣛҸݐᆍ῵ᓣˈᔧᯊ᳔催Џ乥䖒 266MHzˈⳌᔧѢ Pentium IIǄ㗠Ā啭㢃 2 োāгᏆѢ 2003 ᑈᑩ䖯ܹ⌟䆩䰊↉ˈ݊䞛⫼ 64 ԡᘏ㒓ˈ7̚10 㑻⌕∈ 㒓㒧ᵘˈᗻ㛑䍙䖛 Pentium IIǄ啭㢃 3A ᰃ佪ℒ೑ѻଚ⫼ 4 Ḍ໘⧚఼ˈ݊Ꮉ԰乥⥛Ў 900MHz̚ 1GHzǄ啭㢃 3A ⱘዄؐ䅵ㅫ㛑࡯䖒ࠄ 16GFLOPSǄ啭㢃 3B ᰃ佪ℒ೑ѻଚ⫼ 8 Ḍ໘⧚఼ˈЏ乥䖒ࠄ 1GHzˈᬃᣕ৥䞣䖤ㅫࡴ䗳ˈዄؐ䅵ㅫ㛑࡯䖒ࠄ 128GFLOPSˈ݋᳝ᕜ催ⱘᗻ㛑ࡳ㗫↨Ǆ 2ĕᅖ͐ ЏᵓˈজিЏᴎᵓ˄mainboard˅ǃ㋏㒳ᵓ˄systemboard˅੠↡ᵓ˄motherboard˅ˈᅝ㺙೼ ᴎㆅݙˈᰃᖂᴎ᳔෎ᴀⱘгᰃ᳔䞡㽕ⱘ䚼ӊПϔǄЏᵓϔ㠀Ўⶽᔶ⬉䏃ᵓˈϞ䴶ᅝ㺙њ㒘៤䅵 ㅫᴎⱘЏ㽕⬉䏃㋏㒳ˈϔ㠀᳝ BIOS 㢃⠛ǃI/O ᥻ࠊ㢃⠛ǃ䬂Ⲭ੠䴶ᵓ᥻ࠊᓔ݇᥹ষǃᣛ⼎♃ ᦦ᥹ӊǃᠽܙᦦῑǃЏᵓঞᦦवⱘⳈ⌕⬉⑤կ⬉᥹ᦦӊㄝܗӊˈབ೒ 1-12 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-12 Џᵓ໪ᔶ೒ 3ĕઝӉ҅୶ ݙᄬټ఼ㅔ⿄ݙᄬ˄জ⿄Џᄬ˅ˈ䗮ᐌᅝ㺙೼ЏᵓϞǄݙᄬϢ䖤ㅫ఼੠᥻ࠊ఼Ⳉ᥹Ⳍ䖲ˈ 㛑Ϣ CPU Ⳉ᥹Ѹᤶֵᙃˈ݊ᄬপ䗳ᑺᵕᖿǄ೼䅵ㅫᴎЁˈ䗮ᐌᡞ CPU ੠ݙᄬټ఼ⱘ㒘ড়⿄Ў

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ЏᴎǄݙᄬߚЎ䱣ᴎᄬټ఼˄RAM˅੠া䇏ᄬټ఼˄ROM˅ϸ䚼ߚǄ

RAM˄Random Access Memory˅ⱘᄬټऩܗৃҹ䖯㸠䇏ݭ᪡԰ǄⳂ᳝ࠡ䴭ᗕ䱣ᴎᄬټ఼

˄SRAM˅੠ࡼᗕ䱣ᴎᄬټ఼˄DRAM˅ǄSRAM ⱘ䇏ݭ䗳ᑺᖿˈԚӋḐ催ᯖˈЏ㽕⫼Ѣ催䗳㓧ᄬᄬټ఼˄Cache˅ǄDRAM ⳌᇍѢ SRAM 㗠㿔ˈ䇏ݭ䗳ᑺ䕗᜶ˈӋḐ䕗Ԣᒝˈ಴㗠⫼԰໻ ᆍ䞣ᄬټ఼Ǆ

ROM˄Read Only Memory˅ᰃϔ⾡া㛑䇏ߎϡ㛑ݭܹⱘᄬټ఼ˈ݊Ёⱘֵᙃ㹿∌Йഄݭ

ܹˈϡফᮁ⬉ⱘᕅડˈे೼݇ᥝ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ⬉⑤ৢˈROM ЁⱘֵᙃгϡӮ϶༅Ǆ಴ℸˈᅗᐌ⫼ Ѣ∌Йഄᄬᬒϔѯ㋏㒳䞡㽕㗠Ϩᰃ೎ᅮⱘ⿟ᑣ੠᭄᥂Ǆ Ўњᦤ催䗳ᑺᑊᠽ໻ᆍ䞣ˈݙᄬᖙ乏ҹ⣀ゟⱘᇕ㺙ᔶᓣߎ⦄ˈ䖭ህᰃĀݙᄬᴵāὖᗉǄ ݙᄬᴵⱘ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-13 ੠೒ 1-14 ᠔⼎Ǆ㸵䞣ݙᄬᴵᗻ㛑ⱘ᳔Џ㽕ᣛᷛᰃݙᄬ䗳ᑺ੠ݙᄬᆍ 䞣Ǆ݊Ёऩᴵݙᄬᆍ䞣ϔ㠀Ў 2GBǃ4GB ៪ 8GBǄݙᄬᴵ㉏ൟЏ㽕᳝ DDR2 ੠ DDR3ǄⳂ ࠡᏖഎϞⱘЏ⌕ᰃ DDR3 ㋏߫ѻકˈЏ⌕ક⠠᳝ Kingston ݀ৌⱘ DDR3 1600 ੠࿕߮݀ৌⱘ DDR3 1600Ǆ ೒ 1-13 Kingston ݙᄬᴵ ೒ 1-14 ࿕߮ݙᄬᴵ 4ĕෳӉ҅୶ ᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎЁᐌ⫼ⱘ໪ᄬټ఼᳝䕃Ⲭǃ⹀ⲬǃܝⲬǃӬⲬǃ⿏ࡼ⹀Ⲭǃ⺕ᏺㄝǄ ˄1˅䕃ⲬǄ 䕃ⲬᰃϾҎ䅵ㅫᴎЁ᳔ᮽՓ⫼ⱘৃ⿏ࡼҟ䋼Ǆ䕃Ⲭⱘ䇏ݭᰃ䗮䖛䕃Ⲭ偅ࡼ఼ᅠ៤ⱘǄ䕃 Ⲭ偅ࡼ఼㛑᥹ᬊৃ⿏ࡼᓣ䕃Ⲭˈᐌ⫼ⱘᰃᆍ䞣Ў 1.44MB ⱘ 3.5 㣅ᇌ䕃ⲬǄ䕃Ⲭ੠䕃Ⲭ偅ࡼ఼ ⱘ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-15 ੠೒ 1-16 ᠔⼎Ǆ3.5 㣅ᇌⱘ䕃Ⲭ偅ࡼ఼ϔⳈᰃᇣൟ੠ᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᖙ໛໪ᄬ ټ఼ˈԚ䱣ⴔӬⲬⱘ᱂ঞˈ䕃ⲬᏆ䗤⏤⎵ߎᏖഎǄ ೒ 1-15 䕃Ⲭⱘℷ䴶Ϣ㚠䴶 ೒ 1-16 䕃Ⲭ偅ࡼ఼ ˄2˅⹀ⲬǄ ⹀Ⲭᄬټᆍ䞣໻ˈ↨䕃Ⲭᄬপ䗳ᑺᖿˈᰃ䅵ㅫᴎⱘЏ㽕ᄬټၦҟПϔˈ⬅ϔϾ៪໮Ͼ䪱

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ࠊ៪⦏⩗ࠊⱘ⹳⠛㒘៤ˈ䖭ѯ⹳⠛໪㽚Ⲫ᳝䪕⺕ᗻᴤ᭭Ǆ㒱໻໮᭄⹀Ⲭ䛑ᰃ೎ᅮ⹀Ⲭˈ㹿∌Й ᗻഄᆚᇕ೎ᅮ೼⹀Ⲭ偅ࡼ఼ЁǄ ⹀ⲬⱘЏ㽕ᡔᴃখ᭄ࣙᣀऩ⹳ᆍ䞣ǃ䕀䗳ǃ᥹ষ㉏ൟㄝǄⳂࠡᐌ㾕ⱘ⹀ⲬѻકЁऩ⹳ᆍ 䞣ৃ䖒 500GBǃ1000GBǃ2000GB ੠ 3000GBˈЏ⌕ⱘ䕀䗳Ў 7200rpmˈ᥹ষ㉏ൟЎ SATA 3.0Ǆ ᏖഎϞક⠠⹀Ⲭ᳝㽓᥋˄Seagate˅ǃ㽓䚼᭄᥂˄Western DigitalˈWD˅੠ HGST ㄝǄ⹀Ⲭ ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-17 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-17 ⹀Ⲭ໪ᔶ೒ ˄3˅ܝⲬǃܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼ϢࠏᔩᴎǄ 1˅ܝⲬǄ ܝⲬ˄Optical Disk˅ᰃϔ⾡߽⫼▔ܝᡔᴃᄬټֵᙃⱘ㺙㕂ǄⳂࠡ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ᐌ⫼ⱘܝⲬ ᳝ϝ㉏˖া䇏ൟܝⲬǃϔ⃵ݭܹൟܝⲬ੠ৃᢍൟ˄ৃ᪺ݭൟ˅ܝⲬǄ

া䇏ൟܝⲬ˄Compact Disk-Read Only MemoryˈCD-ROM˅˖ᰃϔ⾡ᇣൟܝⲬা䇏ᄬ

ټ఼Ǆᅗⱘ⡍⚍ᰃা㛑ݭϔ⃵ˈ㗠Ϩᰃ೼ࠊ䗴ᯊ⬅ॖᆊ⫼ކय़䆒໛ᡞֵᙃݭܹⱘǄݭ དৢֵᙃᇚ∌Йֱᄬ೼ܝⲬϞˈ⫼᠋া㛑䇏পˈϡ㛑ׂᬍ੠ݭܹǄ݊ᆍ䞣Ў 700MB ᎺেǄ

ϔ⃵ݭܹൟܝⲬ˄Write Once Read MemoryˈWO˅˖ৃ⬅⫼᠋ݭ᭄ܹ᥂ˈԚা㛑ݭϔ

⃵ˈݭܹৢϡ㛑᪺䰸ׂᬍǄ

ৃᢍൟܝⲬ˖᳝⺕ܝⲬϢⳌবൟϸ⾡Ǆৃ᪺ݭܝⲬৃড໡Փ⫼ˈֱᄬᯊ䯈䭓ˈ݋᳝ৃ

᪺ᗻǃ催ᆍ䞣੠䱣ᴎᄬপㄝӬ⚍ˈԚ䗳ᑺ䕗᜶ˈϔ⃵ᡩ䌘䕗催Ǆ

⦄೼Փ⫼᭄ᄫ࣪㾚乥ܝⲬ˄Digital Video DiskˈDVD˅԰໻ᆍ䞣ᄬټ఼ⱘг䍞ᴹ䍞໮ˈϔ ᓴৃݭܹ DVD˄DVD RecordableˈDVD-R˅Ⲭ⠛ⱘᆍ䞣㑺೼ 4.7GB Ꮊেˈৃᆍ㒇᭄ᓴ CD Ⲭ ⠛ᄬټⱘֵᙃǄⳂࠡᏆ᳝ঠסᄬټᆚᑺⱘ DVD ܝⲬ䴶Ϫˈ݊ᆍ䞣Ў᱂䗮 DVD Ⲭ⠛ᄬټᆍ䞣 ⱘ 2 סᎺেǄ ԰Ў㒻 DVD ПৢⱘϟϔҷܝⲬḐᓣПϔⱘ㪱ܝܝ⹳˄Blue-ray DiscˈBD˅ᐌ⫼Ѣᄬټ催 ક䋼ⱘᕅ䷇ҹঞ催ᆍ䞣ⱘ᭄᥂ᄬټǄ㪱ܝܝ⹳ᰃ䞛⫼⊶䭓 405 㒇㉇˄nm˅ⱘ㪱㡆▔ܝܝᴳᴹ 䖯㸠䇏ݭ᪡԰ˈϔϾऩሖⱘ㪱ܝܝ⹳ⱘᆍ䞣Ў 25GBǄ 2˅ܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼Ǆ CD-ROM 偅ࡼ఼˖ᇍѢϡৠ㉏ൟⱘܝⲬⲬ⠛ˈ᠔Փ⫼ⱘ䇏ݭ偅ࡼ఼г᳝᠔ϡৠǄ᱂

䗮 CD-ROM Ⲭ⠛ϔ㠀䞛⫼ CD-ROM 偅ࡼ఼ᴹ䇏প݊Ёᄬټⱘ᭄᥂ǄCD-ROM 偅ࡼ ఼া㛑ҢܝⲬϞ䇏পֵᙃˈϡ㛑ݭܹˈ㽕ᇚֵᙃݭܹܝⲬˈᖙ乏Փ⫼ܝⲬࠏᔩᴎ˄CD

Writer˅ǄCD-ROM 偅ࡼ఼ⱘЏ㽕ᗻ㛑ᣛ᳝ᷛ䗳ᑺ੠᭄᥂Ӵ䕧⥛ㄝǄCD-ROM ܝ偅᳔

߱ⱘ䗳ᑺЎ 150KB/sˈ䖭Ͼ䗳ᑺЎĀऩ䗳āǄҹৢ䖙䗳থሩЎ໮ס䗳ˈⳂࠡ䗳ᑺᐌ㾕 ⱘЎ 52XǄCD-ROM ܝⲬ੠ܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼ⱘ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-18 ᠔⼎Ǆ

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೒ 1-18 CD-ROM ܝⲬ੠ܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼໪ᔶ೒ DVD-ROM偅ࡼ఼˖㽕䇏প DVD Ⲭ⠛Ёᄬټⱘֵᙃˈ߭㽕∖Փ⫼ DVD-ROM 偅ࡼ఼ˈ 䖭ᰃ಴Ў݊ᄬټҟ䋼੠᭄᥂ⱘᄬټḐᓣϢ CD Ⲭ⠛ϡϔḋǄDVD ܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼໪ᔶϢ CD-ROMܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼໪ᔶ㉏ԐˈᏖഎϞⱘЏ㽕ક⠠᳝ढ⸩ǃϝ᯳ǃܜ䫟ㄝǄ BD-ROM 偅ࡼ఼˖㪱ܝܝ偅ˈ᮶㛑䇏প㪱ܝܝⲬˈজ㛑৥ϟݐᆍ DVDǃVCDǃCD ㄝḐᓣǄᏖഎϞⱘЏ㽕ક⠠Ў㋶ሐǃढ⸩੠ᯢ෎ㄝǄ ⫼ DVD 偅ࡼ఼гৃҹ䇏প CD Ⲭ⠛Ёᄬټⱘ᭄᥂Ǆ㽕ᇚ᭄᥂ݭܹࠄ DVD Ⲭ⠛Ёˈ㽕⬅ ϧ䮼ⱘ DVD ࠏᔩᴎᴹᅠ៤Ǆ঺໪᳝ϔ⾡䲚 CD Ⲭ⠛ⱘ䇏ݭǃDVD Ⲭ⠛ⱘ䇏পࡳ㛑Ѣϔԧⱘᮄ ൟܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼ˈ㹿⿄ЎĀᒋᅱ˄Combo˅āˈৃ䇏প CDǃDVD Ⲭ⠛Ёⱘֵᙃˈ䖬ৃ⫼ᴹࠏᔩ CDⲬ⠛Ǆ䖬᳝ϔ⾡᮶㛑䇏প CDǃDVD ੠ BD Ⲭ⠛Ёⱘֵᙃˈজ㛑ࠏᔩ DVD Ⲭ⠛ⱘܝⲬ偅 ࡼ఼ˈ㹿⿄Ў㪱ܝᒋᅱǄ 3˅ࠏᔩᴎǄ ࠏᔩᴎ㛑ᮍ֓ഄᇚ䅵ㅫᴎЁⱘ䌘᭭ࠊ԰៤ܝⲬˈҹ߽ѢֱᄬǄࠏᔩᴎߚЎ CD ࠏᔩᴎǃ DVDࠏᔩᴎ੠㪱ܝࠏᔩᴎǄⳂࠡᏖ䴶Ϟⱘ CD ࠏᔩᴎা᳝ϔ⾡㉏ൟˈϡᄬ೼㾘Ḑݐᆍᗻ䯂乬Ǆ DVD ࠏᔩᴎⱘ㾘Ḑᇮ᳾㒳ϔˈᐌ㾕ⱘ᳝ DVD-RAMǃDVD-RWǃDVD+RW ϝ⾡㾘ḐǄࠏᔩ ᴎ໪ᔶϢⳌᑨⱘܝⲬ偅ࡼ఼㉏ԐˈЏ⌕ક⠠ѻક᳝㋶ሐǃᯢ෎ǃढ⸩ㄝǄ ˄4˅ӬⲬǄ ӬⲬ˄OnlyDiskˈг⿄ U Ⲭ˅ᰃϔ⾡෎Ѣ USB ᥹ষⱘ᮴䳔偅ࡼ఼ⱘᖂൟ催ᆍ䞣⿏ࡼᄬټ 䆒໛ˈᅗҹ䮾ᄬ԰Ўᄬټҟ䋼˄ᬙгৃ⿄Ў䮾ᄬⲬ˅ˈ䗮䖛 USB ᥹ষϢЏᴎ䖯㸠᭄᥂Ӵ䕧ǄӬ Ⲭৃ⫼ѢᄬټӏԩḐᓣⱘ᭄᥂᭛ӊ੠೼䅵ㅫᴎ䯈ᮍ֓ഄѸᤶ᭄᥂ˈᅗᰃⳂࠡ⌕㸠ⱘϔ⾡໪ᔶᇣ Ꮋǃᨎᏺᮍ֓ǃ㛑⿏ࡼՓ⫼ⱘ⿏ࡼᄬټѻકǄӬⲬⱘᆍ䞣Ң 2GB ࠄ 256GB ৃ䗝ˈ䞛⫼ USB ᥹ষˈৃϢЏᴎ䖯㸠⛁ᢨᦦ᪡԰ˈ᥹ষ㉏ൟࣙᣀ USB 2.0 ੠ USB 3.0 ϸ⾡ǄUSB 3.0 ⱘӴ䕧䗳 ᑺᖿѢ USB 2.0ǄՓ⫼ӬⲬ䳔㽕ᅝ㺙݊ϧ⫼ⱘ偅ࡼ⿟ᑣˈⳂࠡ Windows 2000 ҹϞⱘ⠜ᴀ䛑ࣙ ৿њᐌ㾕ક⠠ U Ⲭⱘ偅ࡼ⿟ᑣˈ㋏㒳ৃҹ㞾ࡼ䆚߿ᑊ䖯㸠ᅝ㺙ǄӬⲬ≵᳝ᴎẄ䇏ݭ㺙㕂ˈ䙓 ܡњ⿏ࡼ⹀Ⲭᆍᯧ⺄Ӹǃ䎠㨑ㄝॳ಴䗴៤ⱘᤳണǄҢᅝܼϞ䆆ˈᅗ݋᳝ݭֱᡸˈ䚼ߚℒᓣӬⲬ ݋᳝ࡴᆚㄝࡳ㛑ˈҸ⫼᠋Փ⫼᳈݋Ͼᗻ࣪ǄӬⲬ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-19 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-19 ӬⲬ໪ᔶ೒ ˄5˅MP3 ᪁ᬒ఼Ǆ MP3ᰃϔ⾡䷇乥य़㓽ᡔᴃˈ⫼ MP3 ᔶᓣᄬټⱘ䷇Фিخ MP3 ䷇Фˈ㛑᪁ᬒ MP3 ䷇Фⱘ ᴎ఼ህিخ MP3 ᪁ᬒ఼Ǆ⦄೼ⱘ MP3 ᪁ᬒ఼䰸ᬃᣕ MP3 ᭛ӊ໪ˈ䖬㛑ᬃᣕ݊Ҫϔѯ䷇Ф᭛ ӊḐᓣˈབ WMA ㄝǄᅗ䗮ᐌࣙᣀໄ䷇໘⧚㢃⠛ǃᄬټ఼ǃᰒ⼎఼੠㘇ᴎǄMP3 ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-20

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᠔⼎ǄᏖഎϞᐌ㾕ⱘક⠠᳝ϝ᯳ǃ㋶ሐǃ⠅೑㗙ㄝǄ

೒ 1-20 MP3 ໪ᔶ೒

˄6˅MP4 ᪁ᬒ఼Ǆ

MP4᪁ᬒ఼ᰃϔϾ㛑໳᪁ᬒ MPEG-4 ᭛ӊⱘ䆒໛ˈᅗৃҹিخ PVP˄Personal Video Playerˈ

ϾҎ㾚乥᪁ᬒ఼˅ˈгৃҹিخ PMP˄Portable Media Playerˈ֓ᨎᓣၦԧ᪁ᬒ఼˅Ǆ⦄೼ᇍ MP4 ᪁ᬒ఼ⱘࡳ㛑≵᳝݋ԧ⬠ᅮˈ㱑✊ϡᇥॖଚ䛑ᇚᅗᅮНЎ໮ၦԧᕅ䷇᪁ᬒ఼ˈԚᅗ䰸њ㾖ⳟ⬉ ᕅⱘ෎ᴀࡳ㛑໪䖬ᬃᣕ䷇Ф᪁ᬒ੠೒⠛⌣㾜ˈ⫮㟇䚼ߚѻક䖬ৃҹϞ㔥ˈᑊϨ⬅Ѣ݊ԧ⿃ᇣᎻǃ ֓Ѣᨎᏺˈ಴ℸ䍞ᴹ䍞ফࠄҎӀⱘ䴦ⴤǄMP4 ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-21 ᠔⼎ǄᏖഎϞ↨䕗ⶹৡⱘક⠠᳝⠅ ৃ㾚ǃ⠅೑㗙ǃ㣍ᵰㄝˈ݊Ё⊩೑ॖଚ⠅ৃ㾚Ѣ 2002 ᑈ⫳ѻߎњܼ⧗㄀ϔℒ⹀Ⲭ MP4 ᪁ᬒ఼Ǆ ೒ 1-21 MP4 ໪ᔶ೒ ˄7˅᭄ⷕԈշǄ ᭄ⷕԈշ݊ᅲህᰃ໻ᆍ䞣ⱘ֓ᨎᓣ᭄ⷕ✻⠛ᄬټ఼ˈᑊϨ೼ᄬټⱘ䖛⿟Ё᮴䳔䅵ㅫᴎᬃ ᣕˈৃҹⳈ᥹Ϣ᭄ⷕⳌᴎ䖲᥹䖯㸠᭄᥂ⱘӴ䕧Ϣᄬټˈгৃҹ԰Ў⿏ࡼ⹀ⲬՓ⫼Ǆ᭄ⷕԈշ໪ ᔶབ೒ 1-22 ᠔⼎ǄᏖഎϞѻ㾕ⱘક⠠᳝⠅೑㗙ǃ࡯ᵄǃ偄㛑ǃ⏙ढ㋿ܝㄝǄ ೒ 1-22 ᭄ⷕԈշ໪ᔶ೒ 5ĕݯັ ᴎㆅҢ㸼䴶ϞⳟᰃЏᴎⱘ໪໇ˈԚҢᴎㆅ᠔䍋ⱘ԰⫼ᴹⳟˈৃҹ䇈ᅗᰃЏᴎⱘ偼ᶊˈᴎ ㆅϔ㠀ࣙᣀ໪໇ǃᬃᶊǃ䴶ᵓϞⱘ৘⾡ᓔ݇ǃᣛ⼎♃ㄝǄ໪໇⫼䩶ᵓ੠ล᭭㒧ড়ࠊ៤ˈ⹀ᑺ催ˈ Џ㽕䍋ֱᡸᴎㆅݙ䚼ܗӊⱘ԰⫼˗ᬃᶊЏ㽕⫼Ѣ೎ᅮЏᵓǃ⬉⑤੠৘⾡偅ࡼ఼ǄᴎㆅҢ݊ᔶᓣ Ϟᐌ㾕ⱘ᳝ϸ໻㉏˖ゟᓣ˄ศᓣ˅੠ऻᓣǄゟᓣজ᳝໻ゟᓣϢᇣゟᓣПߚˈऻᓣ᳝໻ǃᇣǃ८ǃ ᠕˄㭘˅ⱘऎ߿Ǆϡ䆎ҔМᔶᓣˈ݊ᵘ៤෎ᴀᰃϔ㟈ⱘˈ໪㸼ⳟࠄⱘᵘӊᰃ㭘䪕ᵓㄝ⹀䋼ᴤ᭭

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य़ࠊ៤ⱘ໪໇ǃ䴶ᵓ੠㚠ᵓˈ䴶ᵓϞ᳝⬉⑤ᓔ݇ǃ໡ԡᓔ݇ㄝ෎ᴀࡳ㛑䬂ˈ䖬᳝⬅⬉⑤♃ǃ⹀ Ⲭ♃ㄝ㒘៤ⱘ⢊ᗕᰒ⼎ᵓˈ⫼Ѣ㸼ᯢᖂᴎⱘ䖤㸠⢊ᗕˈℸ໪䖬ৃҹⳟࠄଚᷛҹঞ䕃˄ܝ˅偅ⱘ ܹষǃᷙᴵ⢊ⱘ䗮亢ষㄝǄ㚠ᵓϞৃҹⳟࠄ䆌໮⬅⌏ࡼ䪕ᴵ䙂ᣵⱘῑষҹঞ䗮亢ষㄝˈЏᴎϢ ໪⬉⑤ǃ䕧ܹ/䕧ߎ䆒໛䖲᥹ⱘ㒓㓚໮Ң㚠ᵓⱘῑষ᥹ܹǄᴎㆅ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-23 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-23 ᴎㆅ໪ᔶ೒ 6ĕ೛దಁ΁ 䕧ܹ䆒໛䋳䋷ᇚ໪䴶ⱘֵᙃ䗕ܹ䅵ㅫᴎЁǄᖂᴎЁᐌ⫼ⱘ䕧ܹ䆒໛ࣙᣀ˖䬂Ⲭǃ哴ᷛǃ 㾺ᩌሣǃ呺ܟ亢ǃܝヨǃᠿᦣҾ੠᭄ⷕⳌᴎㄝǄ䱣ⴔ໮ၦԧᡔᴃⱘথሩˈᮄⱘ䕧ܹ䆒໛ሖߎϡ かˈབ䇁䷇䕧ܹ䆒໛ǃ᠟ݭ䕧ܹ䆒໛ㄝǄ ˄1˅䬂ⲬǄ䬂Ⲭᰃ᳔ᐌ⫼ⱘ䕧ܹ䆒໛Пϔˈ⬅ϔ㒘ᓔ݇ⶽ䰉㒘៤ˈࣙᣀ᭄ᄫ䬂ǃᄫ↡䬂ǃ ヺো䬂ǃࡳ㛑䬂ǃ᥻ࠊ䬂ㄝǄ↣ϔϾᣝ䬂೼䅵ㅫᴎЁ䛑᳝ᅗଃϔⱘҷⷕǄᔧᣝϟᶤϾ䬂ᯊˈ䬂 Ⲭ᥹ষᇚ䆹䬂ⱘѠ䖯ࠊҷⷕ䗕ܹ䅵ㅫᴎЏᴎЁˈᑊᇚᣝ䬂ᄫヺᰒ⼎೼ᰒ⼎఼ϞǄᔧᖿ䗳໻䞣䕧 ܹᄫヺˈЏᴎᴹϡঞ໘⧚ᯊˈܜᇚ䖭ѯᄫヺⱘҷⷕ䗕ᕔݙᄬⱘ䬂 Ⲭ㓧ކऎˈ✊ৢݡҢ䆹㓧ކऎЁপߎ䖯㸠ߚᵤ໘⧚Ǆ䬂Ⲭ᥹ষ⬉ 䏃໮䞛⫼ऩ⠛ᖂ໘⧚఼ˈ⬅ᅗ᥻ࠊᭈϾ䬂ⲬⱘᎹ԰ˈབϞ⬉ᯊᇍ 䬂Ⲭⱘ㞾Ẕǃ䬂Ⲭᠿᦣǃᣝ䬂ҷⷕⱘѻ⫳ǃথ䗕ঞϢЏᴎⱘ䗮䆃ㄝǄ䬂Ⲭ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-24 ᠔⼎Ǆ ˄2˅哴఼ᷛǄ哴఼ᷛ˄Mouse˅ㅔ⿄哴ᷛˈᰃϔ⾡᠟ᣕᓣሣ ᐩതᷛᅮԡ䆒໛ˈᅗᰃ䗖ᑨ㦰ऩ᪡԰ⱘ䕃ӊ੠೒ᔶ໘⧚⦃๗㗠ߎ⦄ⱘϔ⾡䕧ܹ䆒໛ˈ⡍߿ᰃ೼ ⦄Ҟ⌕㸠ⱘ Windows ೒ᔶ᪡԰㋏㒳⦃๗ϟᑨ⫼哴఼ᷛᮍ֓ᖿ᥋Ǆᣝ✻䖲᥹ᮍᓣϡৠৃߚЎ᳝㒓哴ᷛ੠᮴㒓哴ᷛˈᣝ✻᥹ষϡৠৃߚЎ USB ᥹ষ哴ᷛǃPS/2 ᥹ষ哴ᷛ੠ USB+PS/2 ঠ᥹ষ哴ᷛˈ ᣝ✻Ꮉ԰ᮍᓣϡৠৃߚЎᴎẄ哴ᷛǃܝ⬉哴ᷛǃ▔ܝ哴ᷛǃ㪱ᕅ哴ᷛㄝǄ䖥ᑈᴹজߎ⦄њབ␌ ៣Ầǃ䎳䏾⧗ㄝᮄᓣ哴ᷛǄ哴ᷛ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-25 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-25 哴ᷛ໪ᔶ೒ ˄3˅㾺ᩌሣǄ㾺ᩌሣᰃϔ⾡ܜ䖯ⱘ䕧ܹ䆒໛ˈՓ⫼ᮍ֓Ǆ⫼᠋䗮䖛᠟ᣛ㾺ᩌሣᐩᴹ䗝ᢽ Ⳍᑨⱘ㦰ऩ乍ˈेৃ᪡԰䅵ㅫᴎǄ㾺ᩌሣᰃϔ⾡㽚Ⲫњϔሖล᭭ⱘ⡍⅞ᰒ⼎ሣˈ೼ล᭭ሖৢᰃ ϡৃ㾕ⱘ㑶໪㒓ܝᴳǄ㾺ᩌሣЏ㽕೼ֵ݀݅ᙃᶹ䆶㋏㒳Ёᑓ⊯Փ⫼ˈབⱒ䋻ଚᑫǃֵᙃЁᖗǃ ೒ 1-24 䬂Ⲭ໪ᔶ೒

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ᄺ᷵ǃ䜦ᑫǃ佁ᑫㄝഎ᠔Ǆ ˄4˅ᠿᦣҾǄᠿᦣҾᰃϔ⾡㛑ᤩ㦋೒ڣᑊᇚП䕀ᤶ៤䅵ㅫᴎৃҹᰒ⼎ǃ㓪䕥ǃᄬټ੠䕧 ߎⱘֵᙃⱘ᭄ᄫ࣪䕧ܹ䆒໛Ǆ✻⠛ǃ᭛ᴀ义䴶ǃ೒㒌ǃ㕢ᴃ೒⬏ǃ✻Ⳍᑩ⠛ǃ㧆ᵫ䕃⠛ˈ⫮㟇 ᰃ㒎㒛કǃᷛ⠠䴶ᵓǃॄࠊᵓḋકㄝϝ㓈ᇍ䈵䛑ৃ԰Ўᠿᦣᇍ䈵ˈ݊ॳྟⱘ㒓ᴵǃ೒ᔶǃ᭛ᄫǃ ✻⠛ǃᑇ䴶ᅲ⠽䛑ᇚ㹿ᦤপ੠䕀ᤶ៤ৃҹ㓪䕥੠ᄬټⱘ᭄᥂ǄᠿᦣҾ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-26 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-26 ᠿᦣҾ໪ᔶ೒

ᠿᦣҾ㒣ᐌ੠ OCR 㘨㋏೼ϔ䍋ˈOCR ᰃĀܝᄺᄫヺ䆚߿āⱘᛣᗱǄ≵᳝ OCR ⱘᯊ׭ˈ ᠿᦣ䖯ᴹⱘ᠔᳝ϰ㽓˄ࣙᣀ᭛ᄫ೼ݙ˅䛑ҹ೒ᔶḐᓣᄬټˈϡ㛑ᇍ݊Ёࣙ৿ⱘऩϾ᭛ᄫ䖯㸠㓪䕥ǄԚ೼䞛⫼њ OCR ҹৢˈ㋏㒳ৃҹᅲᯊߚ䕼ߎऩϾ᭛ᄫˈᑊҹ㒃᭛ᴀḐᓣֱᄬϟᴹˈҹৢ ֓ৃڣ᱂䗮᭛ḷ䙷ḋ䖯㸠㓪䕥њǄᏖഎϞⱘᠿᦣҾ᳝ EPPǃSCSI ੠ USB ϝ⾡᥹ষǄUSB ᥹ষ ⱘᠿᦣҾՓ⫼䴲ᐌᑓ⊯Ǆ ˄5˅᭄ⷕⳌᴎǄ᭄ⷕⳌᴎѻ⫳Ѣ 20 Ϫ㑾 50 ᑈҷˈᰃϔ⾡⬉ᄤ៤ڣᡔᴃѻકǄ䗮䖛᭄ⷕ Ⳍᴎᢡᨘⱘ✻⠛㹿Ⳉ᥹ֱᄬЎ೒⠛᭛ӊˈৃⳈ᥹೼䅵ㅫᴎЁ㾖ⳟˈгৃ䗮䖛ᠧॄᴎ䕧ߎˈৃҹ ᮍ֓ഄ䖯㸠ৢᳳ໘⧚੠ֱᄬǄ䱣ⴔ᭄ⷕᡔᴃⱘথሩˈ᭄ⷕⳌᴎᢡᨘⱘ೒ڣ⬏䴶䋼䞣Ꮖ㒣䴲ᐌ᥹ 䖥Ӵ㒳ⳌᴎǄⳂࠡᏖഎϞⱘ᭄ⷕⳌᴎৃߚЎᆊ⫼੠ϧϮϸ㉏ˈᆊ⫼᭄ⷕⳌᴎ݋᳝ࡳ㛑ᅲ⫼ǃԧ ⿃ᇣᎻǃӋḐ䗖Ёㄝ⡍⚍ˈϧϮ᭄ⷕⳌᴎᰃЎњ⒵䎇⫼᠋ⱘ䕗催㽕∖㗠䆒䅵ⱘˈӋḐϔ㠀䕗䌉ˈ ⫼᠋ৃҹḍ᥂㞾Ꮕⱘᅲ䰙ᚙމ䖯㸠䗝䌁Ǆ᭄ⷕⳌᴎ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-27 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-27 ᭄ⷕⳌᴎ໪ᔶ೒ 㸵䞣᭄ⷕⳌᴎᗻ㛑ⱘᣛᷛϔ㠀ࣙᣀڣ㋴ǃ䬰༈ᗻ㛑ǃব⛺ס᭄ㄝˈⳂࠡᏖഎϞ⌕㸠ⱘ᭄ ⷕⳌᴎક⠠᳝㋶ሐǃՇ㛑ǃ༹ᵫᏈᮃǃϝ᯳ㄝǄ ˄6˅᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎǄ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎজ⿄ DVˈᰃϔ⾡ৃҹᢡᨘࡼᗕ㾚乥ⱘ᭄ⷕѻકǄᮽᳳⱘ ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎϔ㠀䞛⫼ Mini ⺕ᏺˈ䱣ⴔ᭄ⷕᡔᴃⱘথሩˈ⦄೼ⱘЏ⌕᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎϔ㠀ᇚᢡᨘⱘ 㾚乥Ⳉ᥹ҹ᭛ӊᔶᓣֱᄬ೼ DVD ܝⲬ៪⹀ⲬϞǄ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎгߚЎᆊ⫼੠ϧϮϸ㉏ˈᆊ⫼᭄ ⷕᨘڣᴎ݋᳝ࡳ㛑ᅲ⫼ǃԧ⿃ᇣᎻǃ᪡԰ㅔ֓ǃӋḐ䗖Ёㄝ⡍⚍ˈϧϮ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎϔ㠀ӋḐ䕗䌉ˈ㛑⒵䎇⫼᠋ⱘ䕗催㽕∖Ǆ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-28 ᠔⼎ǄᏖഎϞᐌ㾕ⱘ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎક⠠ ᳝㋶ሐǃᵒϟǃJVC ㄝǄ ˄7˅ᨘڣ༈Ǆ ᨘڣ༈԰Ўϔ⾡ᐌ㾕ⱘ㾚乥䕧ܹ䆒໛ˈ㹿ᑓ⊯ഄ䖤⫼Ѣ㾚乥Ӯ䆂ǃ䖰⿟ए⭫ǃᅲᯊⲥ᥻ ㄝᮍ䴶Ǆ⬅Ѣ݊݋᳝ӋḐԢⱘ⡍⚍ˈ⦄೼ⱘᑨ⫼䴲ᐌᑓ⊯ǄⳂࠡᏖഎϞᐌ㾕ⱘᨘڣ༈ક⠠㐕໮ˈ ໪ᔶ৘ᓖˈ⫼᠋ৃҹḍ᥂㞾Ꮕⱘ୰ད䗝ᢽǄᨘڣ༈໪ᔶབ೒ 1-29 ᠔⼎Ǆ

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೒ 1-28 ᭄ⷕᨘڣᴎ໪ᔶ೒ ೒ 1-29 ᨘڣ༈໪ᔶ೒ 7ĕ೛ѻಁ΁ 䕧ߎ䆒໛ᰃᇍ䅵ㅫᴎЁ⫼Ѣ᭄᥂䕧ߎⱘ᠔᳝䚼ӊⱘᘏ⿄ˈࣙᣀᰒ⼎఼ǃᠧॄᴎǃ䷇ㆅǃ 㒬೒ҾㄝǄ ˄1˅ᰒ⼎఼Ǆᰒ⼎఼˄Display˅ᰃ䅵ㅫᴎᖙ໛ⱘ䕧ߎ䆒໛ˈᐌ⫼ⱘ᳝䰈ᵕᇘ㒓ㅵᰒ⼎఼ǃ ⎆᱊ᰒ⼎఼ǃLED ᰒ⼎఼ǃ3D ᰒ⼎఼੠ㄝ⾏ᄤᰒ⼎఼Ǆ݊Ё⎆᱊ᰒ⼎఼ᰃᔧࠡᖂᴎⱘЏ⌕ᰒ ⼎఼ˈ݊಴ࡳ㗫ᇣǃ᮴䕤ᇘㄝ໮⾡Ӭ⚍䍞ᴹ䍞ফࠄ⫼᠋ⱘ䴦ⴤǄᰒ⼎఼໪ᔶབ೒ 1-30 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-30 CRT ᰒ⼎఼ǃ⎆᱊ᰒ⼎఼੠ㄝ⾏ᄤᰒ⼎఼ ᰒ⼎఼ሣᐩϞ᠔ᰒ⼎ⱘᄫヺ៪೒ᔶᰃ⬅ϔϾϾڣ㋴˄Pixel˅㒘៤ⱘǄڣ㋴ⱘ໻ᇣⳈ᥹ᕅ ડᰒ⼎ⱘᬜᵰˈڣ㋴䍞ᇣˈᰒ⼎㒧ᵰ䍞㒚㟈Ǆ؛䆒ϔϾሣᐩ∈ᑇᮍ৥ৃᥦ߫ 1920 Ͼڣ㋴ˈൖ Ⳉᮍ৥ৃᥦ߫ 1080 Ͼڣ㋴ˈ߭⿄䆹ᰒ⼎఼ⱘߚ䕼⥛Ў 1920h1080Ǆᰒ⼎఼ߚ䕼⥛䍞催ˈ݊⏙ ᱄ᑺ䍞催ˈᰒ⼎ᬜᵰ䍞དǄ ˄2˅ᠧॄᴎǄᠧॄᴎᰃ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘЏ㽕䕧ߎ䆒໛Пϔˈᅗᇚ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䖤ㅫ㒧ᵰ៪Ё䯈㒧ᵰҹҎ᠔㛑䆚߿ⱘ᭄ᄫǃᄫ↡ǃヺো੠೒ᔶㄝձ✻㾘ᅮⱘḐᓣॄ೼㒌ϞǄᠧॄᴎⱘ⾡㉏ᕜ໮ˈ ᣝᠧॄܗӊᇍ㒌ᰃ৺᳝ߏᠧࡼ԰ߚЎߏᠧᓣᠧॄᴎ੠䴲ߏᠧᓣᠧॄᴎ˗ᣝᠧॄᄫヺ㒧ᵘߚЎܼ ᔶᄫᠧॄᴎ੠⚍䰉ᄫヺᠧॄᴎ˗ᣝϔ㸠ᄫ೼㒌Ϟᔶ៤ⱘᮍᓣߚЎІᓣᠧॄᴎ੠㸠ᓣᠧॄᴎ˗ᣝ ᠔䞛⫼ⱘᡔᴃߚЎ䩜ᓣǃ᷅ᔶǃ⧗ᔶǃ஋๼ᓣǃ⛁ᬣᓣǃ▔ܝᓣǃ䴭⬉ᓣǃ⺕ᓣǃথܝѠᵕㅵ ᓣㄝᠧॄᴎǄ 䩜ᓣᠧॄᴎᠧॄⱘᄫヺ੠೒ᔶᰃҹ⚍䰉ⱘᔶᓣᵘ៤ⱘǄᅗⱘᠧॄ༈⬅㢹ᑆḍᠧॄ䩜੠偅 ࡼ⬉⺕䪕㒘៤ǄᠧॄᯊՓⳌᑨⱘ䩜༈᥹㾺㡆ᏺߏᠧ㒌䴶ᴹᅠ៤ǄⳂࠡՓ⫼䕗໮ⱘᰃ 24 䩜ᠧॄ ᴎǄ䩜ᓣᠧॄᴎⱘЏ㽕⡍⚍ᰃӋḐ֓ᅰǃՓ⫼ᮍ֓ˈԚᠧॄ䗳ᑺ䕗᜶ǃా䷇໻Ǆ

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▔ܝᠧॄᴎ˄བ೒ 1-31 ᠔⼎˅ᰃ▔ܝᡔᴃ੠⬉ᄤ✻Ⳍᡔᴃⱘ໡ড়ѻ⠽Ǆ▔ܝᠧॄᴎⱘᡔ ᴃᴹ⑤Ѣ໡ॄᴎˈԚ໡ॄᴎⱘܝ⑤ᰃ⫼♃ܝˈ㗠▔ܝᠧॄᴎ⫼ⱘᰃ▔ܝǄ⬅Ѣ▔ܝܝᴳ㛑㘮⛺ ៤ᕜ㒚ⱘܝ⚍ˈ಴ℸ▔ܝᠧॄᴎ㛑䕧ߎߚ䕼⥛ᕜ催Ϩ㡆ᔽᕜདⱘ೒ᔶǄ▔ܝᠧॄᴎℷҹ䗳ᑺᖿǃ ߚ䕼⥛催ǃ᮴ా䷇ㄝӬ࢓䗤ℹ䖯ܹᖂᴎ໪䆒ᏖഎˈԚӋḐ⿡催Ǆ ஋๼ᠧॄᴎ˄བ೒ 1-32 ᠔⼎˅ᰃⳈ᥹ᇚ๼∈஋ࠄ㒌Ϟᴹᅲ⦄ᠧॄǄ஋๼ᠧॄᴎӋḐԢᒝǃ ᠧॄᬜᵰ䕗དˈᕜফ⫼᠋⃶䖢ˈԚ஋๼ᠧॄᴎՓ⫼ⱘ㒌ᓴ㽕∖䕗催ˈ๼Ⲧ⍜㗫䕗ᖿǄ ೒ 1-31 ▔ܝᠧॄᴎ ೒ 1-32 ஋๼ᠧॄᴎ ˄3˅㒬೒ҾǄ㒬೒Ҿᰃ㛑ᣝ✻ҎӀⱘ㽕∖㞾ࡼ㒬ࠊ೒ᔶⱘ䆒໛Ǆᅗৃᇚ䅵ㅫᴎⱘ䕧ߎ ֵᙃҹ೒ᔶⱘᔶᓣ䕧ߎˈЏ㽕ৃ㒬ࠊ৘⾡ㅵ⧚೒㸼ǃ㒳䅵೒ǃ໻ഄ⌟䞣೒ǃᓎㄥ䆒䅵೒ǃ⬉ 䏃Ꮧ㒓೒ǃ৘⾡ᴎẄ೒ǃ䅵ㅫᴎ䕙ࡽ䆒䅵೒ㄝǄ᳔ᐌ⫼ⱘᰃ X-Y 㒬೒ҾǄ⦄ҷⱘ㒬೒ҾᏆ ݋᳝ᱎ㛑࣪ⱘࡳ㛑ˈᅗ㞾䑿ᏺ᳝ᖂ໘⧚఼ˈৃҹՓ⫼㒬೒ੑ Ҹˈ݋᳝Ⳉ㒓੠ᄫヺⓨㅫ໘⧚ҹঞ㞾Ẕ⌟ㄝࡳ㛑Ǆ㒬೒Ҿϔ 㠀䖬ৃ䗝䜡໮⾡Ϣ䅵ㅫᴎ䖲᥹ⱘᷛޚ᥹ষǄ㒬೒Ҿ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-33᠔⼎Ǆ ˄4˅䷇ㆅǄ䷇ㆅᰃᇚ䷇乥ֵো䖬ॳ៤ໄ䷇ֵোⱘϔ⾡㺙㕂ˈࣙᣀㆅԧǃ୛ুऩܗǃߚ乥఼ǃ਌䷇ᴤ᭭ 4 䚼ߚǄᣝ✻থ ໄॳ⧚ঞݙ䚼㒧ᵘϡৠˈ䷇ㆅৃߚЎצⳌᓣǃᆚ䯁ᓣǃᑇᵓᓣǃ ো㾦ᓣǃ䗋ᅿᓣㄝ޴⾡㉏ൟˈ݊Ё᳔Џ㽕ⱘᔶᓣᰃᆚ䯁ᓣ੠צⳌᓣǄ䷇ㆅ໪ᔶབ೒ 1-34 ᠔⼎Ǆ ೒ 1-34 ䷇ㆅ໪ᔶ೒ 1.4.2 ॲیᝠካ఻ᄊᣄ͈ᦡᎶ ᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎৃ䜡㕂ⱘ䕃ӊ⾡㉏ЄᆠǄ᪡԰㋏㒳ᰃᖙ໛ⱘ䕃ӊˈⳂ᳔ࠡ᱂䘡Փ⫼ⱘᰃᖂ䕃 ݀ৌ᥼ߎⱘ Windows ᪡԰㋏㒳Ǆࡲ݀㞾ࡼ࣪ᰃᖂൟ䅵ㅫᴎϔ乍᳔෎⸔ⱘᑨ⫼ˈࡲ݀㞾ࡼ࣪䕃 ӊЁՓ⫼᳔᱂䘡ⱘᰃᖂ䕃݀ৌⱘ Microsoft Office ༫ӊǄৠᯊˈЎњ䩜ᇍ⫼᠋ϡৠⱘᄺдǃᎹ ԰ǃစФⱘ䳔㽕ˈᖂൟᴎϞ䖬ৃҹᅝ㺙৘㉏ϧ䮼ᗻ䕃ӊǄ 䰸ℸП໪ˈЎњ᳈ᮍ֓ǃ᳈ᖿ᥋ഄ᪡԰䅵ㅫᴎˈܙߚথ᣹䅵ㅫᴎⱘࡳ㛑ˈᕔᕔ㽕⫼ࠄ঺ ໪ϔ㉏䕃ӊ——Ꮉ݋䕃ӊǄᎹ݋䕃ӊ⾡㉏㐕໮ˈᕜ໮Ꮉ݋䕃ӊⱘࡳ㛑੠᪡԰䛑ᕜ㉏Ԑˈᅲ⦄ৠ ೒ 1-33 㒬೒Ҿ

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ϔ⾡ࡳ㛑ⱘ䕃ӊৃ㛑ህ᳝޴क⾡Ǆᣝ✻⫼䗨ϔ㠀ৃߚЎ᭛ᴀᎹ݋㉏ǃ೒ᔶ೒ڣᎹ݋㉏ǃ໮ၦԧ Ꮉ݋㉏ǃय़㓽Ꮉ݋㉏ǃ⺕ⲬܝⲬᎹ݋㉏ǃ㔥㒰ᑨ⫼Ꮉ݋㉏ǃ㋏㒳ᅝܼᎹ݋㉏ǃ㗏䆥∝࣪Ꮉ݋㉏ǃ ㋏㒳Ꮉ݋㉏ㄝǄ䖭ѯᎹ݋䕃ӊϔ㠀ԧ⿃䕗ᇣˈࡳ㛑ⳌᇍऩϔˈϨ໮᭄Ў݅ѿ䕃ӊ੠ܡ䌍䕃ӊˈ ৃ೼ϔѯᅬᮍ㔥キ៪᱂䗮㔥キϞϟ䕑Ǆ ᴀゴЏ㽕ҟ㒡њ䅵ㅫᴎⱘѻ⫳ǃথሩঞᑨ⫼ˈ䞡⚍䯤䗄њ䅵ㅫᴎЁֵᙃⱘ㸼⼎ᮍ⊩ˈ঺ ໪䖬ҟ㒡њ䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ⱘ㒘៤Ǆ 㞾㄀ϔৄ䅵ㅫᴎ ENIAC 䯂Ϫҹᴹˈ䅵ㅫᴎⱘথሩ㒣ग़њҢ⬉ᄤㅵ䅵ㅫᴎᯊҷǃ᱊ԧㅵ䅵 ㅫᴎᯊҷǃ䲚៤⬉䏃䅵ㅫᴎᯊҷǃ䍙໻㾘῵䲚៤⬉䏃䅵ㅫᴎᯊҷࠄᱎ㛑䅵ㅫᴎᯊҷ݅ 5 Ͼ䰊↉Ǆ 䅵ㅫᴎЁᐌ⫼ⱘ᭄⬅Ѡ䖯ࠊǃܿ䖯ࠊǃक䖯ࠊ੠क݁䖯ࠊᴹ㸼⼎ˈ݊Ёक䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤ R 䖯ࠊ᭄䞛⫼ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃĀ䰸 R পᭈāˈR 䖯ࠊ᭄䕀ᤶ៤क䖯ࠊ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃĀᣝᴗԡሩᓔāǄ ASCIIⷕᰃ೼䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳ЁՓ⫼ᕫ᳔ᑓ⊯ⱘֵᙃ㓪ⷕˈ೼៥೑ˈ∝ᄫ㓪ⷕЏ㽕ᰃ䞛⫼ GB ೑ᷛⷕǄ 䅵ㅫᴎ㋏㒳⬅⹀ӊ㋏㒳੠䕃ӊ㋏㒳ϸ䚼ߚ㒘៤ˈ݊Ё䕃ӊ㋏㒳জߚ㋏㒳䕃ӊ੠ᑨ⫼䕃ӊ ϸ໻䚼ߚˈ⹀ӊ㋏㒳߭⬅䖤ㅫ఼ǃ᥻ࠊ఼ǃᄬټ఼ǃ䕧ܹ䆒໛੠䕧ߎ䆒໛Ѩ໻䚼ߚ㒘៤Ǆ