Author(s): Lin, WY (Lin, Wen-Yuan); Pi-Sunyer, FX (Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier); Liu, CS (Liu, Chiu- Shong); Li, TC (Li, Tsai-Chung); Li, CI (Li, Chia-Ing); Huang, CY (Huang, Chih-Yang); Lin, CC (Lin, Cheng-Chieh)
Title: Betel Nut Chewing Is Strongly Associated With General and Central Obesity in Chinese Male Middle-aged Adults
Source: OBESITY, 17 (6): 1247-1254 JUN 2009 Language: English
Document Type: Article
KeyWords Plus: BODY-MASS INDEX; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ARECA-CATECHU;
CIGARETTE-SMOKING; FAT DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; QUID USE; RISK;
POPULATION; WOMEN
Abstract: Betel nut chewing has been reported to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. The reason is unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between betel nut chewing and general obesity (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)) and central obesity (waist circumference (WC) >= 90 cm). A total of 1,049 male subjects, aged >= 40 years, were recruited from Taichung city in Taiwan in 2004. The relationships between betel nut chewing and general and central obesity were studied by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses. The prevalence of current and former betel nut chewing was 7.0 and 10.5% in our male Taiwanese cohort. Current/former betel nut chewers had a higher prevalence of general and central obesity when compared with individuals who had never chewed betel nut.
Adjusted for age, diabetes, hypertension, lipids, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, income, and education level, the odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence intervals) of general and central obesity among the lower consumption of betel nut chewers were 1.78 (1.07, 2.96) and 1.19 (0.70, 2.02), respectively, compared to 2.01 (1.18, 3.41) and 1.89 (1.10, 3.23),
respectively, among higher consumption chewers compared to individuals who had never chewed betel nut. The increasing ORs of general and central obesity with higher betel nut consumption revealed dose-response effects. Using multiple linear regression analyses, after adjusting for potential confounders, betel nut consumption was statistically significantly associated with BMI and WC. In conclusion, betel nut chewing was independently associated with general and central obesity in Taiwanese men. Dose-response effects of the association between betel nut consumption and general obesity as well as central obesity were found.
Addresses: [Lin, Wen-Yuan; Liu, Chiu-Shong; Lin, Cheng-Chieh] China Med Univ Hosp, Dept Family Med, Taichung, Taiwan; [Lin, Wen-Yuan; Liu, Chiu-Shong; Lin, Cheng-Chieh] China Med Univ, Coll Med, Grad Inst Clin Med Sci, Taichung, Taiwan; [Lin, Wen-Yuan; Pi-Sunyer, F.
Xavier] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Obes Res Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA; [Li, Tsai-Chung] China Med Univ, Coll Chinese Med, Grad Inst Chinese Med Sci, Taichung, Taiwan; [Li, Chia-Ing] China Med Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res, Taichung, Taiwan;
[Huang, Chih-Yang] China Med Univ, Coll Med, Grad Inst Basic Med Sci, Taichung, Taiwan;
[Lin, Cheng-Chieh] Asia Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Inst Hlth Care Adm, Taichung, Taiwan Reprint Address: Lin, CC, China Med Univ Hosp, Dept Family Med, Taichung, Taiwan.
E-mail Address: [email protected] Funding Acknowledgement:
Funding Agency Grant Number
National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC) 93-2314-B-039-025 NSC 94-2314-B-039-024 US National Institutes of Health DK 026687
This study is supported by grants from National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC 93-2314-B- 039-025, NSC 94-2314-B-039-024) and from US National Institutes of Health (DK 026687).
We thank all the staffs who helped the data collection in China Medical University.
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Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Publisher Address: 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA ISSN: 1930-7381
DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.38
29-char Source Abbrev.: OBESITY ISO Source Abbrev.: Obesity Source Item Page Count: 8
Subject Category: Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics ISI Document Delivery No.: 450EG
