山坡地災害案例之調查建置

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(1)摘要關鍵詞：山坡地災害、案例建置台灣總面積 360 萬公頃中，山地佔 73.6%，平地佔 26.4%，山坡地佔了台灣面積將近四分之三，可使用之平原面積不大。因此，山坡地的開發與利用遂成為目前都市發展以及環境資源應用所面臨的最大課題。針對山坡地災害防治的弱點，本研究計畫擬針對山坡地建築區之災害，挑選兼具代表性及防災示範性的典型災害個案，藉由完整的災害背景資料蒐集、災害成因分析(包括潛因及誘因)、採取的應變措施及善後整治工作成效，逐年逐步的建立起山坡地建築區災害資料庫及防災對策方法庫，希冀藉以提供作為類似工程條件的坡地利用者，規劃坡地防災整備的參考依據。從民國五十八年至民國八十九年大大小小的山坡地災害累計共一百零九件，選取今年及往年較嚴重之六個案例優先建置，分別為大千豪景、柯林頓山莊、健康博市、林肯大郡、米蘭山莊及白雞山莊；一方面因其受創程度較為重大，另一方面一般大眾對這些案例有較深刻印象，能瞭解坡地社區一旦受創，則將帶來嚴重的災害。詳細的災害調查與記錄，乃為防救災工作之重要的第一步。在了解災害的發生機制與破壞模式後，才能針對該地區可能發生之災害提出因應措施及防災計畫，確實將災害所造成之傷害與損失減至最輕，確保人民居住之安全。.

(2) ABSTRACT Keywords: hillside disaster、case study The total area of Taiwan is approximately 3.6 million hectares, however, there only about 26.4% of the areas are plains, and the other 73.6 % are either hills or mountain ranges. Namely, three quarters of Taiwan are covered by the hilly ground and mountain ranges. The usable plain ground areas are such that limited, which has made the slope land becoming the only consideration for urban development and environmental resources utilization. Due to the disadvantage in disaster prevention for hillside constructions, it is proposed to review and select some typical historical disastrous events as well as the events in the future, to establish the database to record the events in certain detail. The database will include information such as: background of the hillside, type of the disaster, cause of the ground failure or building destruction, emergency response measure, and the recuperation process. It is expected that, for the time being, the information database for the disastrous events of hillside development as well as the methodology for disaster preparedness will be established for the future reference. Between the years from 1969 to 2000, there are 109 disastrous events have been recorded. Six of the events mentioned above, involving the suburban communities such as Grandsceneville, Clintonville, Lincolnshire, Milanville, Whitecockville, and Healthexpocity, are selected for detailed study and for the foundation of database establishment. The events are selected due to the magnitude of construction damages, the property losses, the degree of social impact, and the type and cause of the disaster. Detailed post-disaster investigation and record making are very important, for such work will be great assistance for the processes of civil planning and management. Besides, the database and the web network will provide the public, the methodology to enhance the pre-disaster preparedness, and to reduce the property damages and losses against the disaster..

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