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Effects of Diesel Vehicle Characteristics on Soot Emissions-Nantou County 吳春生、林啟文

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Effects of Diesel Vehicle Characteristics on Soot Emissions-Nantou County 吳春生、林啟文

E-mail: 9608204@mail.dyu.edu.tw

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research was first to investigate the vehicle characteristics for diesel cars in a bedrock dynamometer smoke examination station. Secondly, the effects of engine size and age, odometer reading on mean smoke opacity at no load and full loads (smoke 100%, 60%, and 40%) conditions were examined. Moreover, the vehicle characteristics and smoke check data were

examined by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The specific objectives were to explore the smoke emissions under various examining stages and determine the relationship between vehicle characteristics and smoke opacity. Results show vehicle age was a significant factor affecting the smoke emissions under no load and full load conditions. It was found the mean smoke opacity increases with an increase in vehicle ages. The mean no-load smoke opacities for roadside inspection diesel vehicles were significant higher those of at dynamometer smoke examination station. Because the fact that smoke emissions from roadside vehicles reflect the real situation, high smoke emissions from roadside vehicles were observed. In contrast, the lower smoke emissions for vehicles examining at dynamometer smoke examination station were attributed to the vehicle sources from either by visual determination or

denouncement. Further research will be necessary to determine the difference between smoke exhausts from various sources of diesel vehicles.

Keywords : Analysis of Variance, Diesel vehicles, Dynamometer smoke examination station, Smoke opacity Table of Contents

第一章 緒 論... 1 1.1前 言... 1 1.2研究目的... 2 1.3研究內

容... 3 第二章 資料蒐集及文獻回顧... 5 2.1柴油車黑煙排放管制的演進歷程... 5 2.2全國 之柴油車動力站檢測成果彙整... 6 2.2.1檢測站檢測結果... 7 2.2.2檢測站檢測通知依據... 8 2.2.3路攔檢測結果... 10 2.3粒狀污染物對人體的影響... 11 2.4國內柴油車管制策略...

12 2.5我國柴油車排煙測試程序... 15 2.5.1證件查驗... 17 2.5.2車況點檢... 17 2.5.3法規檢驗... 18 2.5.4檢驗完成階段... 22 2.6 國內相關文獻整理回顧... 23 第三 章 研究方法... 25 3.1 檢測樣本資料來源... 25 3.2資料統計分析項目... 26 3.3理論 探討與軟體運用... 27 3.3.1統計學之意義與目的... 27 3.3.2統計檢定... 29 3.3.3變異 數分析... 30 3.3.4一因子變異數分析... 31 3.3.5應用軟體介紹... 34 第四章 結果及 討論... 35 4.1 基本資料分析... 35 4.1.1 路邊攔檢排煙檢測:... 35 4.1.2 動力計排煙 檢測:... 38 4.1.3 動力站無負載檢測:... 41 4.2 車輛特性與無負載污染度分析... 44 4.2.1 排氣 量與無負載污染度分析... 44 4.2.2 車齡與無負載污染度分析... 45 4.2.3行駛里程與無負載污染度分

析... 46 4.3 車輛特性與全負載污染度分析... 47 4.3.1 排氣量與全負載污染度分析... 47 4.3.2 車齡與全負 載污染度分析... 48 4.3.3 行駛里程數與全負載污染度分析... 49 4.4 變異數分析... 51 4.5 相關係 數分析... 53 第五章 結論與建議... 56 5.1 結論... 56 5.2 建

議... 58 參考文獻... 59 REFERENCES

1. Chen C.B.,“Particulate Emissions for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines.”PhD Thesis, Fuel and Energy Department, University of Leeds, UK, 1997.

2. http://www.catalyticexhaust.com 3. http://www.cleanairsys.com 4. http://www.hmcsd.com 5. http://www.engelhard.com 6.中華民國交通 統計月報九十三年十一月。 7.石育岑,柴油車排煙檢測成效分析與污染排放量推估,中興大學機械工程研究所碩士論文,2004。 8.行政 院環境保護署,執行柴油引擎汽車新型審驗新車抽驗及使用中車輛召回改正調查測試計畫,2005。 9.李浩然,無負載急加速測試中柴油 車黑煙濃度之量測與分析,中興大學機械工程研究所碩士論文,1997。 10.吳信宏,柴油車坡道黑煙與排煙試驗法之相關性研究,大葉 大學機械工程研究所碩士論文,2005。 11.南投縣政府環境保護局,柴油車排煙檢測站檢測作業計畫期末報告,2004。 12.洪清霖、林瑞 雄,“台灣地區空氣污染物環境流行病學之致變力分析”,第一屆懸浮微粒之污染與健康效應研討會,1991。 13.行政院環境保護署,訂 定柴油車五期排放標準計畫,2005。 14.財團法人車輛研究測試中心,“後處理器實車搭配應用技術報告”經濟部技術處九十一年度研究 計畫,91-EC-2-A-17-0196。 15.財團法人車輛研究測試中心,車輛研測資訊雙月刊第27期, 2004。 16.財團法人車輛研究測試中心,柴油

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車排放煙度儀器檢查人員訓練教材,2006。 17.財團法人工業技術研究院量測技術發展中心,測試實驗室負責人訓練報告,1999。 18.臺 中市政府環境保護局,柴油車污染控制及提升檢測品質講習會議,2003。

參考文獻

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