醫學診斷輔助護理過程支援系統
中文摘要
隨著資訊科技的進步，電腦在醫療上的應用備受重視，支援系統或專家系統已漸成為醫
療人員的次要意見 (second opinion) ，其重要性可見一般。而在病患照護中，護理人員 須透過專業知識與評估技巧去收集資料、確立護理診斷、擬定護理計劃。由於護理過程 中需要許多的資訊，幫助臨床判斷與決策，因此護理資訊系統乃應運而生，然現有之資 訊系統僅提供整齊美觀、一致格式的護理計畫表單，對於確立護理診斷時，受限於護理 人員本身之知識、經驗或憑乎直覺之決定及缺乏精密思考 (critical thinking) 的推論過程
，而影響診斷的完整性與正確性之缺失，尚無對策。
基於醫師執行醫療處置與護理人員的照護計畫相輔相成，共同提供病患所須之照護活動
，本研究提出一醫學診斷輔助護理過程模式 (Medical Diagnosis Assisted Nursing Process Model) ，透過醫師診斷的輔助，發展以個別病患為中心 (Patient Centered ) 之評估工具
，輔以自動化評估轉換之推論機制，完成 Web-based 護理過程支援系統，期能藉助資訊 科技的優勢，讓病患之照護過程與資料透明化，彰顯護理之貢獻。
本系統不僅能提昇執行護理評估的確實度，建立其至護理診斷確認之具體過程，更有助
於護理人員確立護理診斷 (Diagnosis) 的正確性與完整性及擬定切合該診斷之護理措施
，此護理措施更可進一步成為該護理診斷病患之照護標準。護理史之電腦化，讓護理人 員無需重複收集和書寫病史，提高了資料的完整性與連續性。此外，護理診斷決策支援 系統的建立，得以縮短臨床與學理之差距，幫助護理教學的具體化，而在護理研究上更 有助於病患照護資料的收集與分析。總之，護理資訊化之發展勢在必行，更是實證護理 實務之礎石。
Medical Diagnosis Assisted Nursing Process Support System
英文摘要
Advances of computer technology brings the consideration of medical information system. Th e use of expert system or decision support system as a second opinion in most of the healthcar e providers, indicates high performance of medical information system today. In nursing care, nurses use expertise and assessment skills instead of inferencing through critical thinking to m ake nursing diagnoses and care plans. But in the nursing process, more information is needed t o make decision and judgement. Nevertheless almost all existing care planning systems only p rovide sheets of uniform forms to fill in with nursing plans.
The goal of our research is to suggest the Medical Diagnosis Assisted Nursing Process Model which is a web-based Nursing Process Support System consisted of physician-diagnosis-aided patient-centered evaluation tools. Those evaluation tools are primarily inference mechanisms t o convert diagnoses into evaluation automatically.
The virtues of our Nursing Process Support System includes higher assessment accuracy and more concrete flows from assessment to diagnosis. It helps the nurses to state diagnosis and pr oper intervention which will also become caring standards. Computerization of nursing history allows nurses to get rid of the duplication of patient history writing to raise completeness and consistency of documents. It can be seen that putting theory into practice with the aids of Nurs ing Process Support Systems will in turn make a breakthrough in nursing teaching and researc h.
