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The Impact Study of Diesel Vehicle's Smoke Emission by Using Low Biodiesel Blends 陳娜真、李清華

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The Impact Study of Diesel Vehicle's Smoke Emission by Using Low Biodiesel Blends 陳娜真、李清華

E-mail: 381816@mail.dyu.edu.tw

ABSTRACT

This study aims to discuss change status of exhaust smoke for diesel vehicles using three oils such as Premium Diesel, B1 biodiesel and B2 biodiesel, etc. under four driving states of no-load and rapid acceleration, full load and 100% steady acceleration, full load and 60% steady acceleration and full load and 40% steady acceleration. The test result shows exhaust smoke for vehicles is

decreasing after low percentage biodiesel is used; exhaust smoke is not decreasing but increasing after adding percentage of biodiesel is increased. The study further explores it has something to do with lubricating quality of biodiesel that adding B1 biodiesel can remove carbon disposition in older engine of a vehicle to increase effectiveness of engine for complete combustion, causing vehicle to decrease exhaust smoke. However, adding B2 biodiesel will decrease lubrication effect due to sulphur content decreases to less than 10ppm, causing exhaust smoke to rise again. Additionally, the test shows adding biodiesel will improve exhaust smoke of older vehicles but deteriorate that of vehicles under 8 years old. This study also analyzes the test result for disqualified vehicles exceeding 40% exhaust smoke. B1 biodiesel used in no-load test (pressing accelerator pedal in idle speed) can decrease 8% average exhaust smoke, and B2 biodiesel added afterwards will cause exhaust smoke to rise 7% again but sill lower than that by adding PD; B1 biodiesel used in full load test (in driving state) can decrease 6~37% average exhaust smoke, and B2 biodiesel added afterwards will cause smoke exhaust to rise 2~6% again but sill lower than that by adding PD .Therefore, adding biodiesel actually can improve obvious smoke exhaust of disqualified vehicles.

Keywords : diesel vehicle、biodiesel、smoke exhaust

Table of Contents

第一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景和動機 .. 1 1.2 研究目的 .. 4 第二章 文獻回顧 2.1 生質柴油之能源貢獻 .. 5 2.2 柴油之油品特性 .. 10 2.3 生質柴油對柴油車之排放煙度和性能影響 .. 17 2.4 國內車輛使用生質柴油在車輛上現況 .. 20 第三章 實驗設備與方法 3.1 研究流程 .. 27 3.2 研究對象 .. 29 3.3 實驗設備及量測方法 .. 30 3.3.1 量測車輛煙度設備.. 30 3.3.2 量測引擎轉速設備.. 33 3.3.3 量測環境溫度設備.. 37 3.3.4 量測環境壓力設備.. 38 3.3.5 車身底盤動力計設備 .. 39 3.4 檢測方法 .. 40 3.4.1 無負載急加速排 氣煙度測試 .. 42 3.4.2 全負載定轉速排氣煙度測試 .. 43 3.5 資料分析規劃 .. 46 第四章 結果與討論 4.1 研究對象分析 .. 48 4.1.1 柴油油品特性分析.. 48 4.1.2 試驗車輛基本分析.. 55 4.2 添加B2 生質柴油車輛排放煙度檢測成果 .. 61 4.2.1 各廠牌別排 放煙度檢測分析 .. 61 4.2.2 各車齡組別排放煙度檢測分析 .. 63 4.2.3 各排氣量排放煙度檢測分析 .. 64 4.2.4 各車種別排放煙 度檢測分析 ..65 4.2.5 各引擎型式排放煙度檢測分析 .. 66 4.2.6 各期別排放煙度檢測分析 .. 68 4.3 不同添加柴油油品車輛排 放煙度之綜合比較 .. 69 4.3.1 各廠牌別排放煙度之差異分析 .. 69 4.3.2 各車齡組別排放煙度之差異分析 .. 72 4.3.3 各排氣量 組別排放煙度之差異分析 .. 74 4.3.4 各車種別排放煙度之差異分析 .. 77 4.4 煙度改善成效評估 4.4.1 添加B1、B2 生質柴油對 煙度改善成效 .. 79 4.4.2 不合格車輛添加生質柴油後煙度改善成效 .. 81 第五章 結論與建議 5.1 結論 .. 84 5.2 建議 .. 86 參考 文獻 .. 88

REFERENCES

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Zannikos, F.、 Stournas, S.; Lois, E.、Anastopoulos, G.、 Teas, Ch.、 Sakellaropoulos, F. “An investigation of using biodieel/marine diesel blends on the performance of a stationary diesel engine”, Biomass and Bioenergy, 2003. 20. 張文亮,食用大豆油中添加揮發油之混合燃料對 直噴式柴油引擎性能及排放影響之研究,碩士論文,2003。 21. 金偉豪,棕櫚油甲酯使用在直噴式柴油引擎之研究,棕櫚油甲酯使用在 直噴式柴油引擎之研究,碩士論文,2006。 22. 黃世明,B20 玉米油甲酯使用不同的燃料噴射壓力對直噴式柴油引擎性能之影響,碩士 論文,2007。 23. 高振榮,葵花油甲酯生質柴油使用在直噴式柴油引擎之研究,碩士論文,2008。 24. 蘇聖介,生質柴油作為替代燃料 對直噴式柴油引擎性能與污染排放影響之研究,碩士論文,2006。 25. 莊國立,台灣生質柴油應用在柴油車輛對排放特性和引擎性能影 響之研究,碩士論文,2007。 26. 何美玥,經濟部能源局,推動生質燃料發展計畫規劃構想簡報,2006。 27. 農委會農糧署,網址:

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參考文獻

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