Copyright 2008 ITRI 工業技術研究院
AI與運動
國立成功大學副校長
國立清華大學特聘講座教授
US National Policy
Source: Project Play, The Aspen Institute, June 2015
Sport for All
Play for Life
3
Active People Do Better In Life
Source: Project Play, The Aspen Institute, June 2015
Sports Industry
2017年全球運動產業大約$1.338兆(廣義)
美國約占$5200億 [Plunkett Research, 2017]
美國兒童運動產業也有 $150億
[TIME, 9/4/17] 2018年全球運動產業約$4885億
[The Business Research Co., May 2019] Soccer (43%), American football (13%), baseball (12%), Formula 1 (7%), and basketball (6%) [AT Kearney, 2011]
相較之下 , 2018年全球半導體產業大約
$4688億
[Statista, July 2019]Source: TIME, 9/4/17
5
MLBAM Tracking Technology 2014
Trackman
• 丹麥科技公司
• TrackMan Baseball 系統包含
– 3維都普勒雷達驅動棒球追蹤技術 – 影像驅動球員追蹤技術
– AI大數據分析技術
• TrackMan Connect 已經聯結 了美國數十萬業餘棒球選手
Source: baseball.trackman.com
7
MLBAM Tracking Technology 2015
FlightScope Ball Trackers
Source: flightscope.com
A subsidiary of EDH (a defense company)
9
Rapsodo
Source: rapsodo.com
Hitting 2.0
Pitching 2.0
MLB Umpires Missed 34,294 Calls in 2018
Source: Mark T. Williams Boston University, 2019
www.bu.edu/today/2019/mlb-umpires-strike-zone-accuracy
BCR: bad call ratio
11
Robot (Trackman) Umpires in Atlantic League
Source: Washington Post, July 11, 2019
It’s Robot Umpire’s
call
Hawk-Eye
•
MLB球場已經開始佈建,明年球季可能與Trackman系統共存
Source: www.hawkeyeinnovations.com/sports/baseball
• SMART Replay允許 快速檢視判決與改判
• 15部環場高速高解析 度攝影機提供完整資 訊給參賽隊伍自行操 作與決策
• Hawk-Eye跟MLB合 作開發 Coaching System,讓SMART Replay的影像可以跟 MLBAM的數據同步
13
Hawk-Eye SMART Replay
•
SMART (Synchronized Multi-Angle Replay Technology)即時記錄與處理所 有攝影機影像資料,並在賽中與賽後提供給不同的使用資料對象
Source: www.hawkeyeinnovations.com/sports/baseball
比賽現場 場外
Google Project Soli
Source: atap.google.com/soli
8× 10mm2大小 的Soli晶片包含 完整雷達電路 跟天綫陣列
Pixel 4手機可 能會使用Soli晶
片[June 2019] A radar-on-chip
15
Garmin Sports (Sensing & Applications)
Garmin Impact® bat swing sensor and analysis system
Source: Garmin & PChome
Wearable Example: motusBaseballTM
Wearable technology for throwing and batting analysis
Source: motusglobal.com/motusbaseball.html
17
KinaTrax
•
KinaTrax Motion Capture
– 使用球場周圍的高速攝影機陣列,
速度超過300Hz
– AI及電腦視覺演算法加上多顆
GPU的運算能力及時處理分析選手 及比賽資料
– 量身打造的個別選手生物力學報告
Source: www.kinatrax.com
Intel/Alibaba AI-Powered 3D Athlete Tracking
•
2019年1月7日Intel及Alibaba共 同宣佈,他們合作開發一種以 AI運算驅動的運動員追蹤技術
•
預計 2020年東京奧運啓用,後續 將推廣到其他運動賽事
•
2017年已經跟國際奧委會簽署合 作協議
•
Intel核心技術包含
360°True View以及Replay Technologies
Source: newsroom.intel.com and 2019 CES, Jan. 7, 2019
19
Intel 360° True View and Replay Technologies
2016 MLB All-Star Game 2016 MLB Home Run Derby
2016 NBA All-Star Game
Replay Technologies
結合高速高解析度攝影 機及前瞻圖形技術在電 視上展現3D全景慢動作 重播畫面
Source: Intel
Source: Intel
Now NBA, NFL, NCAA, Soccer Leagues, Olympic 2020,⋯
21
CES Sports Zone (New in 2018)
•
Trends in Sports Technology: smart venue(智慧場館); immersive media(沈浸式媒體); quantified athlete(量化運動員); next-
generation sponsorship(下世代商業贊助); esports(電競)
Team Tactics? Robot Coach?
• 2018年Tampa Bay Rays開始使用開 場投手 (opener) 概念,Billy Beane (GM of The A’s) 也嘗試使用它
– 稱為假先發
– 取代必須投滿5局才有機會獲得勝投的先 發投手 (starter) (starting pitcher)
• 這種策略强迫打者每一次上場打擊都 要面對不熟悉球路的新投手
• 對先發投手不足但牛棚深的球隊有利
• 過去資料顯示多數投手面對同樣對手 打綫,第三輪起壓制力便大幅滑落
• 打擊率或上壘率有價值?
• 優先抓出局數或防止得分?
Source: The New York Times, Oct. 4, 2018
1 out, runners on 1st and 3rd Ground ball to short-stop
23
• 在球場的每一寸土 地及比賽的每一個 時刻,記錄每一個 球員及球的每一項 關鍵資料 (位置、速 度、加速度、球速、
轉速、軌跡…)
• 在球場各角落佈滿 Sensors,選手墊肩 裡面植入Tags,追 蹤球員移動準確到 寸的單位
Amazon bids for US sports channels in new challenge to broadcasters
[The telegraph, 11/20/2018]
Catching Up: National Hockey League (NHL)
•
北美共 31隊,西雅圖即將有第32隊
•
全球有 2億6千萬球迷(北美有8千萬)
•
2019年1月透露和 SAP及Apple合作,開 發
Coaching Insights App給教練使用– 槓桿SAP的Cloud Platform處理球場內及 聯盟提供的比賽資料
– 提供雙方教練即時獲取 (使用NHL提供的 iPad Pro) 超過60個球隊及個人統計資料庫
•
NHL從2013年起也在開發一個puck and player tracking system
– 樑柱上的天線可以追蹤接受球員身上以及 球(puck)內的感測器資料
Source: ZDNet
25
Source: prosmartinc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Sportgo-Investor-Overview.pdf
Top US
Universities on Sports Tech &
Business
27
Split-Finger Pitch by Freddie Garcia
Source: www.baseballaero.com/2019/01/27/complete-description-of-the-laminar-express/
Joey Gallo, Texas Rangers
2018: G 28, GS 27, IP 175.1, W 12, L 6, SV 1, ERA 2.21, SO 221, WHIP 1.09
Source: www.pinterest.es/pin/27725353928854816/
29
Pitching & Hitting
• Biomechanical Principles
– Transfer of force
– Summation of forces
– Flexion-extension sequences
• Mechanics in Pitching
– Weight shift – Trunk rotation – Arm/leg action
• Mechanics in Hitting
– Body stance: both knees, ankles, and elbows in flexion and adduction
– Power behind swing: continue to flex left knee and extend left ankle off the ground while rotating hips away from the pitcher
– Swing: fully extend the elbows, left knee, and left ankle while rotating the hips towards the pitcher and make ball contact
– Follow through: hips continue to rotate, towards hyperextension of the elbow
Source: Nobuhara, Shoulder
Stanford Home of Champions
• Stanford Athletics unveiled its Home of Champions in 2017
– An 18,000-square foot space inside the Arrillaga Family Sports Center
– An interactive, constantly- evolving space designed to showcase 128-yr history of Stanford Athletics
Source:
stanford_ftp.sidearmsports.com/custompages/
HomeofChampions
• 137 national championships
• 113 NCAA championships
• 41 consecutive years with an NCAA championship
• 23 consecutive Learfield Sports Directors' Cups
• 47 Olympians on past four US Olympic teams
• 94% of student-athletes graduate in 6 years
31
Stanford Olympic Athletes 2016
Stanford Home of Champions
• Stanford 除了學術頂尖,創
業精神與產業影響力舉世難 匹,學生運動表現更是美國 第一、世界頂尖
• Stanford 引導協助學生運動
與專業學習兼顧,是值得學
習的榜樣
33
結語:創造運動產業、提升文化價值
運動 產業
IOT
AI
運動 專業
Cloud
社會 人文
5G