行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫 成果報告
國家競爭力政府高科技產業政策績效之整合評估模式與實 證研究
研究成果報告(精簡版)
計 畫 類 別 ： 個別型
計 畫 編 號 ： NSC 94-2416-H-011-014-
執 行 期 間 ： 94 年 08 月 01 日至 95 年 07 月 31 日 執 行 單 位 ： 國立臺灣科技大學企業管理系
計 畫 主 持 人 ： 劉代洋 共 同 主 持 人 ： 李馨蘋
計畫參與人員： 博士班研究生-兼任助理：林勤經、顏思偉、曾國安、許馨方
處 理 方 式 ： 本計畫涉及專利或其他智慧財產權，1 年後可公開查詢
中 華 民 國 95 年 12 月 21 日
I. Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to compare the competitiveness of the economies of Taiwan and Korea. It applies a generalized double diamond model approach to analyse the overall competitiveness of these two small open economies. The competitive index of Taiwan’s domestic factor conditions is 95.04, which is only slightly higher than Korea’s 94.80. The competitive index of Taiwan’s international factor conditions is 94.67, which is higher than Korea’s 88.03. Taiwan surpasses Korea in all decisive factors with the exception of the demand condition in the domestic diamond in the years 2000–2004, which is due to Korea’s population being more than double Taiwan’s. As to the international diamond, Taiwan enjoys
comparatively high competitiveness, and its international diamond is better than Korea’s in all four parts.
II. The Analysis of the Generalized Double Diamond Model 1.
When the generalized double diamond model of Moon, Rugman and Verbeke (1998) is adopted to conduct total measurement of the competitiveness of Taiwan and Korea, the variables fall into two categories: domestic variables and international variables (refer to Table 1 and Table 2 for more information). Domestic variables include the basic factor conditions (for instance, the average of labour force participation over 5 years); market size under the demand conditions (for instance, the average of real GDP per capita over 5 years); related and supporting industries (for instance, the average of energy efficiency over 3 years); firm strategy, structure and rivalry (for instance, the average nominal wage per hour in manufacturing labour over 5 years).
As for international variables, they include advanced factor conditions (for instance, the number of U.S. patents granted, excluding new designs); the market size under the demand conditions (for instance, the average export dependency ratio over 5 years, the ratio of exports to GDP); related and supporting industries (for instance, the number of papers published in international academic journals such as SCI, SSCI, and EI.); firms’ strategy, structure and rivalry (for instance, their average coverage in the technology balance of payments over 2 years).
2. Data source
The comparison between Taiwan and Korea is based on the average value of the data over 5 years (2000–2004). The sources include: Indicators of Science and Technology Indicators, Taiwan, 2004–2005, Korean National Statistical Office and related
statistical data obtained from various government agencies, including data on factor, demand, firms strategy, structure and rivalry covering the period from 2000 to 2004, whereas related and supporting industries only covered the years 2000–2003. The details of the statistics are presented in Table 1 and Table 2.
III. Summary and Conclusions
The major empirical results from this paper are as follows.
1. Government and opportunity have been embedded into the four key diamonds in a complete diamond model. Overall, these four diamonds form a complete picture of national competitiveness measurements, and hence this paper takes production factors, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, and business strategy, structure and rivalry—four diamonds altogether—to complete the analysis.
2. The competitive index of Taiwan’s domestic factor condition is 95.04, which is slightly higher than Korea’s index at 94.80. The competitive index of Taiwan’s international factor condition is 94.67, which is higher than Korea’s 88.03.
3. The competitive index of Taiwan’s domestic demand condition is 90.79, which is slightly lower than Korea’s 93.44. The competitive index of Taiwan’s international demand condition is 93.57, which is higher than Korea’s 88.97.
4. The competitive index of Taiwan’s domestic related and supporting industries condition is 98.09, which is much higher than Korea’s 87.64. As to the competitive index of Taiwan’s international related and supporting industries condition is 99.05, which is much higher than Korea’s 75.41.
5. The competitive index of Taiwan’s domestic firm strategy, structure and rivalry condition is 100, which is higher than Korea’s 75.57. As to the competitive index of Taiwan’s international firm strategy, structure and rivalry condition is 93.75, higher than Korea’s 87.79.
6. Under the domestic diamond, except in the demand condition, three other diamonds, has better performance in terms of national competitiveness, likewise, in the
international diamond, from both domestic and international variables, including factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries conditions, and firm strategy, structure and rivalry conditions, all demonstrate Taiwan’s superior competitiveness relative to that of Korea.
