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[8.4] Applications to Economics and Biology(p.566)

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[8.4] Applications to Economics and Biology(p.566)

1 p.566 No.2

increase in revenue(增加的收入)=∫10000

5000 (48− 0.0012x)dx = 195000(dollars)

2 p.566 No.5

需求曲線 p(x) = x+8450。p = 10 = x+8450 ⇒ x = 37(units) consumer surplus(p.564)=∫37

0 (x+8450 − 10)dx = 450 ln(458)− 370 ≈ 407.25(dollars)

3 p.567 No.10

一張票每降低 50 分 (0.5 元) 人數就增加 50 人,所以若要增加 1 人就要降低 0.01 元。假設需求函數 (demand function) 是 p(x),其中 x 代表人數。一張票 10 元販賣人數是 500 人 (張),因此需求函數就滿足

p(x)−10

x−500 =−0.01 ⇒ p(x) = −x100+ 15,此為需求函數。

票價 8 元⇒ 8 = 100−x + 15⇒ x = 700(人) 所以 consumer surplus=∫700

0 (100−x + 15− 8)dx = 2450(元)

4 p.567 No.12

revenue obtained in the the first four years=∫4

0 f (t)dt =4 0 9000

1 + 2tdt 在這裡做個變數代換,令 x = 1 + 2t。所以4

0 9000

1 + 2tdt =9 1(9000

12dx) = 78000(dollars)

5 p.567 No.17

可參考 p.566 的做法。

amount of dye= 6 (mg),c(t) = 20te−0.6t (mg/(L×sec.)),0 ≤ t ≤ 10。

cardiac output F= ∫10A

0 c(t)dx = ∫10 6

0 20te−0.6tdt =250(e27e66−7) ≈ 0.1099 (L/sec.)

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