• 沒有找到結果。

參考文獻 參考文獻 參考文獻 參考文獻

參考文獻

吳幸娟、吳佳娟、金惠民、胡淑惠、陳惠欣、章樂綺等 (2001)。營養評估。臺中市:

華格那出版社。

林芷筠 (2009)。支鏈胺基酸與肌酸增補對耐力運動與瞬發力運動之貢獻 (未出版碩士論 文)。國立台灣師範大學,臺北市。

Apro, W., & Bloomstrand, E. (2010). Influrence of supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in combination with resistance exercise on p70S6 kinase phosphorylation in resting and exercising human skeletal muscle. Acta Physiologica, 200, 237-248.

Baty, J. J., Hwang, H., Ding, Z., Bernard, J. R., Wang, B., Kwon, B., et al. (2007). The effect of a carbohydrate and protein supplement on resistance exercise performance, hormonal response, and muscle damage. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2), 321-329.

Beelen, M., Koopman, R., Gijsen, A. P., Vandereyt, H., Kies, A. K., Kuipers, H., et al. (2008).

Protein coingestion stimulates muscle protein synthesis during resistancetype exercise.

The American Journal of Physiology, 295, E70-E77.

Bell, J. A., Fujita, S., Volpi, E., Cadenas, J. G., & Rasmussen, B. B. (2005). Short-term insulin and nutritional energy provision do not stimulate muscle protein synthesis if blood amino acid availability decreases. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 289(6), E999-1006.

Betts, J. A., Beelen, M., Stokes, K. A., Saris, W. H. M., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2011).

Endocrine responses during overnight recovery from exercise: impact of nutrition and relationships with muscle protein synthesis. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 21, 398-409.

Biolo, G., Declan Fleming, R. Y., & Wolfe, R. R. (1995). Physiologic hyperinsulinemia stimulates protein synthesis and enhances transport of selected amino acids in human skeletal muscle. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 95(2), 811-819.

Biolo, G., Maggi, S. P., Williams, B. D., Tipton, K. D., & Wolfe, R. R. (1995). Increased rates of muscle protein turnover and amino acid transport after resistance exercise in humans. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 268(3), E514-E520.

Biolo, G., Williams, B. D., Fleming, R. Y., & Wolfe, R. R. (1999). Insulin action on muscle protein kinetics and amino acid transport during recovery after resistance exercise.

Diabetes, 48(5), 949-957.

Blomstrand, E., Eliasson, J., Karlsson, H. K. R., & Kohnke, R. (2006). Branched-chain amino acids activate key enzymes in protein synthesis after physical exercise. The Journal of Nutrition, 136, 269S-273S.

Bloomer, R. J., Sforzo, G. A., & Keller, B. A. (2000). Effects of meal form and composition on plasma testosterone, cortisol, and insulin following resistance exercise. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, 10, 415-424.

Bolster, D. R., Jefferson, L. S., & Kimball, S. R. (2004). Regulation of protein synthesis associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy by insulin-, amino acid- and exercise-induced signalling. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 63, 351-356.

Breen, L., Philp, A., Witard, O. C., Jackman, S. R., Selby, A., Smith, K., et al. (2011). The influence of carbohydrate–protein co-ingestion following endurance exercise on myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis. Journal of Physiology, 589(16), 4011-4025.

Cockburn, E., Hayes, P. R., French, D. N., Stevenson, E., & Clair Gibson, A. (2008). Acute milk-based protein-CHO supplementation attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage.

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33, 775-783.

Cockburn, E., Stevenson, E., Hayes, P. R., Ansley, P. R., & Howatson, G. (2010). Effect of milk-based carbohydrate-protein supplement timing on the attenuation of exercise induced muscle damage. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 35, 270-277.

Combaret, L., Dardevet, D., Rieu, I., Pouch, M. N., Bechet, D., Taillandier, D., et al. (2005).

A leucine-supplemented diet restores the defective postprandial inhibition of proteasome-dependent proteolysis in aged rat skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology,

569, 489-499.

Coombes, J. S., & McNaughton, L. R. (2000). Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase after prolonged exercise. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 40, 240-246.

Dreyer, H. C., Drummond, M. J., Pennings, B., Fujita, S., Glynn, E. L., Chinkes, D. L., et al.

(2008). Leucine-enriched essential amino acid and carbohydrate ingestion following resistance exercise enhances mTOR signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle.

American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 294, E392-E400.

Dreyer, H. C., Fujita, S., Cadenas, J. G., Chinkes, D. L., Volpi, E., & Rasmussen, B. B.

(2006). Resistance exercise increases AMPK activity and reduces 4E-BP1 phosphorylation and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology, 576(2), 613-624.

Etheridge, T., Philp, A., & Watt, P. W. (2008). A single protein meal increases recovery of muscle function following an acute eccentric exercise bout. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33, 483-488.

Fry, A. C., Kraemer, W. J., & Ramsey, L. T. (1998). Pituitary-adrenalgonadal responses to high-intensity resisitance overtraining. Journal of Applied Physiology, 85, 2352-2359.

Fujita, S., Dreyer, H. C., Drummond, M. J., Glynn, E. L., Volpi, E., & Rasmussen, B. B.

(2009). Essential amino acid and carbohydrate ingestion before resistance exercise does not enhance postexercise muscle protein synthesis. Journal of Applied Physiology, 106(5), 1730-1739.

Fujita, S., Rasmussen, B. B., Cadenas, J. G., Grady, J. J., & Volpi, E. (2006). Effect of insulin on human skeletal muscle protein synthesis is modulated by insulin-induced changes in muscle blood flow and amino acid availability. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 291(4), E745-754.

Garlick, P. J. (2005). The role of leucine in the regulation of protein metabolism. The Journal of Nutrition, 135, 1553S-1556S.

Gelfand, R., & Barrett, E. (1987). Effect of physiologic hyperinsulinemia on skeletal muscle

protein synthesis and breakdown in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 80(1), 1-6.

Gibala, M. J. (2007). Protein metabolism and endurance exercise. Sports Medicine, 37, 337-40.

Glynn, E. L., Fry, C. S., Drummond, M. J., Dreyer, H. C., Dhanani, S., Volpi, E., et al. (2010).

Muscle protein breakdown has a minor role in the protein anabolic response to essential amino acid and carbohydrate intake following resistance exercise. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 299(2), R533-R540.

Greenhaff, P. L., Karagounis, L. G., Peirce, N., Simpson, E. J., Hazell, M., Layfield, R., et al.

(2008). Disassociation between the effects of amino acids and insulin on signaling, ubiquitin ligases, and protein turnover in human muscle. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 295, E595-E604.

Greer, B. K., White, J. P., Arguello, E. M., & Haymes, E. M. (2011). BCAA supplementaion lowers perceived exertion but does not affect performance in untrained males. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(2), 539-544.

Greer, B. K., Woodard, J. L., White, J. P., Arguello, E. M., & Haymes, E. M. (2007).

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and indicators of muscle damage after endurance exercise. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 17, 595-607.

Haff, G. G., Lehmkuhl, M. J., McCoy, L. B., & Stone, M. H. (2003). Carbohydrate supplementation and resistance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17, 187-196.

Hakkinen, K., Pakarinen, A., Kraemer, W. J., Newton, R. U., & Alen, M. (2000). Basal concentrations and acute responses of serum hormones and strength development during heavy resistance training in middle-aged and elderly men and wonen. The Journals Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 55, B95-B105.

Haralambie, G., & Berg, A. (1976). Serum urea and amino nitrogen changes with exercise duration. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 36(1), 39-48.

Howatson, G., & Someren, K. A. (2008). The prevention and treatment of exercise-induced

muscle damage. Sports Medicine, 38(6), 483-503.

Hsu, M. C., Chien, K. Y., Hsu, C. C., Chung, C. J., Chan, K. H., & Su, B. (2011). Effects of bcaa, arginine and carbohydrate combined drink on post-exercise biochemical response and psychological condition. Chinese Journal of Physiology, 54(2), 71-78.

Jackman, S. R., Witard, O. C., Jeukendrup, A. E., & Tipton, K. D. (2010). Branched-chain amino acid ingestion can ameliorate soreness from eccentric exercise. Medicine Science and Sports in Exercise, 42(5), 962-970.

Kadowaki, M., & Kanazawa, T. (2003). Amino acids as regulators of proteolysis. The Journal of Nutrition, 133, 2052S-2056S.

Kaplan, S. A., Meehan, A. G., & Shah, A. (2006). The age related decrease in testosterone is significantly exacerbated in obese men with the metabolic syndrome. What are the implications for the relatively high incidence of erectile dysfunction observed in these men? The Journal of urology, 176(1), 1524-1527.

Karlsson, H. K., Nilsson, P. A., Nilsson, J., Chibalin, A. V., Zierath, J. R., & Blomstrand, E.

(2004). Branched-chain amino acids increase p70S6k phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle after resistance exercise. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 287(1), E1-E7.

Kimball, S. R., & Jefferson, L. S. (2006). New functions for amino acids: Effects on gene transcription and translation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 83(2), 500S-507S.

Kimura, N., Tokunaga, C., Dalal, S., Richardson, C., Yoshino, K., Hara, K., et al. (2003). A possible linkage between AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway. Genes Cells, 8(1), 65-79.

Kirby, T. J., Triplett, N. T., Haines, T. L., Skinner, J. W., Fairbrother, K. R., & McBride, J. M.

(2012). Effect of leucine supplementation on indices of muscle damage following drop jumps and resistance exercise. Amino Acids, 42, 1987-1996.

Koba, K. H., Sakurai, M., Matsumoto, K., Hayase, H., Imaizumi, K., Tsujimoto, H., et al.

(2007). Branched-chain amino acids supplementation attenuates the accumulation of blood lactate dehydrogenase during distance running. Journal of Sports Medicine and

Physical Fitness, 47, 316-322.

Koopman, R., Beelen, M., Stellingwerff, T., Pennings, B., Sarlis, W. H. M., Kies, A. K., et al.

(2007). Coingestion of carbohydrate with protein does not further augment postexercise muscle protein synthesis. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 293, E833-E842.

Koopman, R., Pannemans, D. L. E., Jeukendrup, A. E., Gijsen, A. P., Senden, J. M. G., Halliday, D., et al. (2004). Combined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves protein balance during ultra-endurance exercise. The American Journal of Physiology, 287, E712-E720.

Koopman, R., Saris, W. H. M., Wagenmakers, A. J. M., & Loon, L. J. C. (2007). Nutritional interventions to promote post-exercise muscle protein synthesis. Sports Medicine, 37(10), 895-906.

Koopman, R., Wagenmakers, A. J., Manders, R. J. F., Zorenc, A. H. G., Senden, J. M. G., Gorselink, M., et al. (2005). The combined ingestion of protein and free leucine with carbohydrate increases post-exercise muscle protein synthesis in vivo in male subjects.

The American Journal of Physiology, 288, E645-E653.

Kraemer, W. J. (1992). Hormonal mechanisms related to the expression of muscular strength and power. In P. V. Komi (Ed.), Strength and Power in Sport. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.

Kraemer, W. J., & Ratamess, N. A. (2005). Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance exercise and training. Sports Medicine, 35(4), 339-361.

Kraemer, W. J., Gordon, S. E., Fleck, S. J., Marchitelli, L. J., Mello, R., Dziados, J. E., et al.

(1991). Endogenous anabolic hormonal and growth factor responses to heavy resisitance exercise in males and females. International Journal Sports Medicine, 12, 288-235.

Kraemer, W. J., Hakkinen, K., Newton, R. U., Nindl, B. C., Volek, J. S., McCormick, M, et al.

(1999). Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in younger vs older men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 87, 982-992.

Kraemer, W. J., Marchitelli, L., Gordon, S. E., Harman, E., Dziados, J. E., Mello, R., et al.

(1990). Hormonal and growth factor responses to heavy resistance exercise protocols.

Journal of Applied Physiology, 69, 1442-1450.

Kraemer, W. J., Spiering, B. A., Volek, J. S., Ratamess, N. A., Sharman, M. J., Rubin, M. R., et al. (2006). Androgenic responses to resistance exercise: effects of feeding and L-carnitine. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(7), 1288-1296.

Lemon, P. W., Deutsch, D. T., & Payne, W. R. (1989). Urea production during prolonged swimming. Journal of Sports Sciences, 7(3), 241-246.

MacLean, D. A., Graham, T. E., & Saltin, B. (1994). Branched-chain amino acids augment ammonia metabolism while attenuating protein breakdown. America Journal of Physiology, 267, E1010-E1022.

Mammi, C., Calanchini, M., Antelmi, A., Cinti, F., Rosano, G. M., Lenzi, A., et al. (2012).

Androgens and adipose tissue in males: a complex and reciprocal interplay. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2012, 1-8.

Margaritis, I., Tessier, F., Verdera, F., Bermon, S., & Marconnet, P. (1999). Muscle enzyme release does not predict muscle function impairment after triathlon. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 39, 133-139.

Maridakis, V., O'Connor, P. J., Dudley, G. A., & McCully, K. K. (2007). Caffeine attenuates delayed-onset muscle pain and force loss following eccentric exercise. The Journal of Pain, 8(3), 237-243.

Matsumoto, K., Koba, T., Hamada, K., Sakurai, M., Higuchi, T., & Miyata, H. (2009).

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation attenuates muscle soreness, muscle damage and inflammation during an intensive training program. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 49, 424-431.

Matsumoto, K., Mizuno, M., Mizuno, T., Hansen, B. D., Lahoz, A., Bertelsen, V., et al.

(2007). Branched-chain amino acids and arginie supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle proteolysis induced by moderate exercise in young individuals. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28, 531-538.

Miller, S. L., Tipton, K. D., Chinkes, D. L., Wolf, S. E., & Wolfe, R. R. (2003). Independent

and combined effects of amino acids and glucose after resistance exercise. Medicine Science and Sports in Exercise, 35(3), 449-455.

Miranda, L., Horman, S., De Potter, I., Hue, L., Jensen, J., & Rider, M. (2008). Effects of contraction and insulin on protein synthesis, AMP-activated protein kinase and phosphorylation state of translation factors in rat skeletal muscle. Pflugers Archive, 455(6), 1129-1140.

Moore, D. R., Robinson, M. J., Fry, J. L., Tang, J. E., Glover, E. I., Wilkinson, S. B., et al.

(2009). Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men. The American Journal of Clinical Nutriton, 89(l), 161-168.

Nasaka, K., Newton, M., & Sacco, P. (2002). Muscle damage and soreness after exercise of the elbow flexors. Medicine Science and Sports in Exercise, 34, 920-927.

Nosaka, K., Sacco, P., & Mawatari, K. (2006). Effects of amino acid supplementation on muscle soreness and damage. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 16, 620-635.

Park, K. S., Sedlock, D. A., Navalta, J. W., Lee, M. G., & Kim, S. H. (2011). Leukocyte apoptosis and pro-/anti-apoptotic proteins following downhill running. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111, 2349-2357.

Rasmussen, B. B., Tipton, K. D., Miller, S. M., Wolf, S. E., & Wolfe, R. R. (2000). An oral essential amino acid-carbohydrate supplement enhances muscle protein anabolism after resistance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 88, 386-392.

Rowlands, A. V., Eston, R. G., & Tilzey, C. (2001). Effect of stride length manipulation on symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage and the repeated bout effect. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19, 333-340.

Sharp, C. P. M., & Pearson, D. R. (2010). Amino acid supplements and recovery from high-intensity resistance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(4), 1125-1130.

Shimomura Y., Murakami T., Nakai N., Nagasaki M., & Harris R. A., (2004). Exercise

promotes BCAA catabolism: effect of BCAA supplementation on skeletal muscle during exercise. Journal of Nutrition, 134, 1583S-1587S.

Shimomura, Y., Inaguma, A., Watanabe, S., Yamamoto, Y., Muramatsu, Y., Bajotto, G., et al.

(2010). Branched-chain amino acid supplementation before squat exercise and delayed-onset muscle soreness. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 20, 236-244.

Shimomura, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Bajotto, G., Sato, J., Murakami, T., Shimomura, N., et al.

(2006). Nutraceutical effects of branched-chain amino acids on skeletal muscle. The Journal of Nutrition, 136, 529S-532S.

Sousa, M. V., Madsen, K., Simoes, H. G., Pereira, R. M. R., Negrao, C. E., Mendonca, R. Z., et al. (2010). Effects of carbohydrate supplementation on competitive runners undergoing overload training followed by a session of intermittent exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 109, 507-516.

Staples, A. W., Burd, N. A., West, D. W. D., Currie, K. D., Atherton, P. J., Moore, D. R., et al.

(2011). Carbohydrate does not augment exercise-induced protein accretion versus protein alone. Medicine Science and Sports in Exercise, 43(7), 1154-1161.

Stephen, P. B., Tarpenning, K. M., & Marino, F. E. (2006). Effects of liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion on acute hormonal response during a single bout of resistance exercise in untrained men. Nutrition, 22, 367-375.

Stock, M. S., Young, J. C., Golding, L. A., Kruskall, L. J., Tandy, R. D., Conway-Klaassen, J.

M., et al. (2010). The effects of adding leucine to pre and postexercise carbohydrate beverages on acute muscle recovery from resistance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2211-2219.

Tang, F. C. (2006). Influence of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on urinary protein metabolite concentrations after swimming. Journal of the American Colloge of Nutrition, 25(3), 188-194.

Tarpenning, K. M., Wiswell, R. A., & Hawkins, S. A. (2003). CHO-induced blunting of cortisol response to weightlifting exercise in resistance-trained older men. European Journal of Sport Science, 3, 1-10.

Tipton, K. D., & Wolfe, R. R. (2004). Protein and amino acids for athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22, 65-79.

Tipton, K. D., Elliott, T. A., Gree, M. C., Aarsland, A. A., Sanford, A. P., & Wolfe, R. R.

(2007). Stimulation of net muscle protein synthesis by whey protein ingestion before and after exercise. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 292, E71-E76.

Tremblay, M. S., Copeland, J. L., & Walter, V. H. (2004). Effect of training status and exercise mode on endogenous steroid hormones in men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 96, 531-539.

Urhausen, A., & Kindermann, W. (2002).Diagnosis of overtraining: What tools do we have?

Sports Medicine, 32(2), 95-102.

Urhausen, A., Gabriel, H., & Kindermann, W. (1995). Blood hormones as markers of training stress and overtraining. Sports Medicine, 20, 251-276.

Volek, J. S., Kraemer, W. J., Bush, J. A., Incledon, T. & Bostes, M., (1997). Testosterone and cortisol in relationship to dietary nutrients and resistance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 82, 49-54.

Wagenmakers, A. J. M., Brookes, J. H., Coakley, T. R., & Edwards, R. H. T. (1989).

Exercise-induced activation of the branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase in human muscle. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 59, 159-167.

Wang, X., & Proud, C. G. (2006). The mTOR pathway in the control of protein synthesis.

Physiology, 21(5), 362-369.

Warren, G. L., Lowe, D. A., & Armstrong, R. B. (1999). Measurement tools used in the study of eccentric contraction-induced injury. Sports Medicine, 27 (1), 43-59.

White, J. P., Wilson, J. M., Austin, K. G., Greer, B. K., St John, N., & Panton, L. B. (2008).

Effect of carbohydrate-protein supplement timing on acute exercise-induced muscle damage. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5, 5-8.

Widmaier, E. P., Raff, H., & Strang, K. T. (2006). Human physiology: the mechanisms of body function (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Williams, M. H. (2007). Body Weight and Composition for Health and Sport. (8th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Wullschleger, S., Loewith, R., & Hall, M. N. (2006). mTOR signaling in growth and metabolism. Cell, 124, 471-484.

Yoshizawa, F. (2004). Regulation of protein synthesis by branched-chain amino acids in vivo.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 313(2), 417-22.