• 沒有找到結果。

我們知道,增強式訓練能夠改善肌肉機械能的輸出與神經活化的效果,在本 研究中對神經適應的評估是以肌電表現作為研究方式,但是,對於機械能的輸出 皆未研究探討,建議未來對於兒童的相關研究能夠加入這方面分析,以瞭解神經 與機械能對於運動表現的影響及其交互作用,另外,25 公分是否為最佳深跳高 度,我們不得而知,往後的研究可以採用更多種高度來進行實驗,以暸解在這個 時期的學童之最佳訓練高度。

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附錄一 人體試驗安全評估同意書

附錄二 監護人同意書

敬愛的家長您好:

首先恭禧貴子弟能夠入選文雅國小男籃隊,籃球隊自創校成軍以來得過無數 的獎盃,不論在全國賽或是縣賽都屢創佳績,這意味著能夠代表文雅國小籃球隊 出去南征北討將是無比的光榮,因此,身為教練的我有一份使命感必須延續以往 的優良傳統並且不斷的尋找最佳的訓練方式來增進運動表現,所以,選擇了臺中 教育大學體育學系碩士班就讀,期望將所學的運用在訓練,以最科學的方式來達 到最佳的訓練效果,同時擺脫以往土法煉鋼的舊思維。

從許多文獻記載顯示,在兒童期或是青少年前期參與增強式訓練將有助於神 經的提早適應,因為在這個時期的神經肌肉系統可塑性是最高的,只要在孩童期 參與上述的訓練將能夠使肌肉的協調性、敏捷性、速度提早適應,同時有益於運 動的表現、日常的活動能力更加流暢、較有能力去面對緊急狀況,縱使有一段時 間不參與練習,孩子的這些能力依然存在,只要稍加練習就可以恢復。而何謂增 強式訓練,簡單的說就是跳躍的訓練,孩童站在低高度的跳箱上自然落下後待接 觸地面隨即往上垂直跳,看似簡單的動作,但是由許多國外的研究顯示確實對於 學童的神經肌肉系統以及運動表現有莫大的幫助。因此,為了了解訓練的效果,

測驗的項目包含衝刺跑、敏捷跑、立定跳遠、深跳和肌電反應(EMG),其中肌 電反應是為了了解神經系統的測驗,是以電極片貼於皮膚將跳躍時肌肉收縮的情 形顯示於電腦,就如同血壓計一樣,是偵測人體的生理反應,過程非常簡單。

希望透過這次的跳躍訓練與平日籃球的訓練,孩子的籃球技巧和身心能夠健 全的發展,課業與運動齊頭並進,這將是我們所樂意看到的,期待您的支持,有 您們的支持將是我最大的動力,再次的感謝!

實驗名稱:兒童接受八週增強式訓練之肌電反應及運動表現 研究生:王哲彥

指導教授:張曉昀 博士

研究單位:國立臺中教育大學體育學系碩士班 聯絡電話:0921-393702

訓練時間:每週一、三、五早上 8:00-8:30 跳箱訓練

每週一至五維持規律的籃球訓練 8:00-8:30 訓練地點:臺中縣文雅國小操場、PU 跑道

測驗地點、時間:文雅國小籃球場、PU 跑道、臺中市中興醫院 測驗項目:肌電反應、深跳、立定跳遠、20 公尺衝刺跑、敏捷跑等。

--- 實驗參與者同意書

本人已詳閱實驗參與者須知,瞭解實驗內容與步驟並同意子女參加本實驗。

實驗參與者: (學生姓名) 監護人: (簽名)

日 期: 年 月 日

附錄三 實驗參與者成績登錄表

前測

一、實驗參與者基本資料

姓名: 性別: 生日: 年 月 日 年齡: 歳 身高: 公分 體重: 公斤

二、運動表現

測驗日期: 年 月 日 深 跳: 公分 立定跳遠: 公分 20 公尺跑: 秒 敏 捷 跑: 秒

三、EMG

(一)股直肌: IEMG MAX: mv

預先活化期:(落地前150ms) 1.IEMG: mv (preactivation phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz

反應期(落地後250ms): 1.IEMG: mv

(reactive phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz

(二)股二頭肌: IEMG MAX: mv

預先活化期:(落地前150ms) 1.IEMG: mv (preactivation phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz 反應期(落地後250ms): 1.IEMG: mv

(reactive phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz

(三)腓腸肌: IEMG MAX: mv

預先活化期:(落地前150ms) 1.IEMG: mv (preactivation phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz 反應期(落地後250ms): 1.IEMG: mv

(reactive phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms 4..FFT median: Hz

編號:

後測

一、實驗參與者基本資料

姓名: 性別: 生日: 年 月 日 年齡: 歳 身高: 公分 體重: 公斤

二、運動表現

測驗日期: 年 月 日 深 跳: 公分 立定跳遠: 公分 20 公尺跑: 秒 敏 捷 跑: 秒

三、EMG

(一)股直肌: IEMG MAX: mv

預先活化期:(落地前150ms) 1.IEMG: mv (preactivation phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz

反應期(落地後250ms): 1.IEMG: mv

(reactive phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz

(二)股二頭肌: IEMG MAX: mv

預先活化期:(落地前150ms) 1.IEMG: mv (preactivation phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz 反應期(落地後250ms): 1.IEMG: mv

(reactive phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz

(三)腓腸肌: IEMG MAX: mv

預先活化期:(落地前150ms) 1.IEMG: mv (preactivation phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms

4..FFT median: Hz 反應期(落地後250ms): 1.IEMG: mv

(reactive phase) 2.IEMG MVIC%:

3.peak time: ms 4..FFT median: Hz

編號:

附錄四 實驗參與者基本資料表

編號 年齡 性別 身高(公分) 體重(公斤)

1 11 男 140.00 30.00

2 10 男 138.50 36.00

3 11 男 142.00 40.00

4 11 男 153.00 36.00

5 10 男 154.00 52.00

6 10 男 137.50 33.00

7 11 男 158.50 40.00

8 11 男 157.00 53.50

9 10 男 143.50 40.00

10 10 男 138.50 37.00

11 10 男 144.00 47.00

12 10 男 154.50 42.00

13 10 男 144.00 39.00

14 11 男 160.00 50.00

15 10 男 136.00 35.00

16 10 男 152.50 53.00

17 10 男 140.50 35.00

18 10 男 137.00 29.00

19 11 男 141.00 33.00

20 11 男 148.50 39.00

21 10 男 137.50 30.00

22 10 男 131.00 25.00

23 11 男 147.00 38.00

24 11 男 148.50 35.00

25 10 男 136.00 32.00

26 11 男 137.50 33.00

附錄五 決定實驗參與者跳箱的訓練高度

深跳高度

編號 跳箱高度(15 公分)跳箱高度(25 公分)跳箱高度(35 公分)

1 44 49 45

2 36 36 39

3 32 36 35

4 35 34 33

5 30 35 32

6 33 36 32

7 22 30 31

8 39 42 30

9 29 29 26

10 24 28 24

11 26 26 23

12 24 31 17

13 18 30 14

14 41 43 43

15 30 30 35

16 26 36 32

17 27 45 32

18 25 37 30

19 30 39 30

20 25 27 28

21 18 34 27

22 34 37 26

23 33 33 25

24 32 36 24

25 20 29 18

26 30 29 16

平均 29.35 34.5 28.73

附錄六 實驗參與者深跳紀錄表

深跳前測(公分) 深跳後測(公分)

編號

Test1 Test2 Test3 取値 Test1 Test2 Test3 取値

1 37 39 39 39 44 48 48 48

2 35 29 21 35 37 36 40 40

3 40 45 41 45 48 47 52 52

4 40 46 43 43 44 46 47 47

5 39 36 45 45 40 48 49 49

6 35 34 37 37 29 31 39 39

7 37 29 35 37 42 40 44 44

8 45 38 47 47 58 54 57 58

9 30 32 33 33 38 44 47 47

10 33 32 30 33 28 32 39 39

11 35 34 35 35 38 40 36 38

12 30 33 26 33 37 40 31 40

13 25 30 35 35 34 25 39 39

14 38 37 40 40 34 42 37 42

15 34 38 33 38 34 43 40 43

16 30 38 33 33 22 15 27 27

17 32 39 40 40 32 38 40 40

18 28 26 35 35 35 32 32 35

19 36 36 42 42 38 36 37 37

20 33 31 38 38 33 35 35 35

21 30 30 35 35 43 34 35 35

22 30 32 23 32 33 27 22 33

23 35 37 36 37 20 18 38 38

24 37 34 40 40 44 39 42 44

25 29 32 31 32 33 29 37 37

26 26 27 23 27 22 26 30 30

附錄七 實驗參與者立定跳遠紀錄表

立定跳遠前測(公分) 立定跳遠後測(公分)

編 號

第一次 第二次 第三次 最 佳 第一次 第二次 第三次 最 佳 1 180 166 143 180 199 198 202 202 2 148 157 150 157 165 171 168 171 3 177 190 197 197 197 202 202 202 4 180 189 186 189 200 202 194 202 5 158 172 172 172 186 186 199 199 6 163 172 164 172 184 179 186 186 7 175 174 179 179 207 202 206 207 8 192 183 178 192 199 207 213 213 9 157 162 152 162 173 176 170 176 10 135 132 140 140 156 155 152 156 11 142 133 132 142 161 158 157 161 12 133 127 137 137 166 154 158 166 13 168 158 161 168 166 180 181 181 14 187 187 192 192 196 193 199 199 15 185 186 196 196 195 195 199 199 16 125 137 140 140 153 158 172 172 17 152 160 155 160 168 176 178 178 18 156 148 150 156 157 162 169 169 19 171 165 172 172 174 170 171 174 20 162 169 169 169 170 174 176 176 21 183 154 180 183 183 170 177 183 22 170 160 172 172 170 173 169 173 23 164 170 172 172 179 176 176 179 24 176 170 173 176 178 177 177 178 25 165 163 160 165 174 174 174 174 26 162 156 158 162 156 155 152 156

附錄八 實驗參與者 20 公尺衝刺跑紀錄表

20 公尺衝刺跑前測(秒) 20 公尺衝刺跑後測(秒)

編 號

第一次 第二次 第三次 最 佳 第一次 第二次 第三次 最 佳 1 4.06269 3.92211 3.88419 3.88 3.71423 3.70571 3.69914 3.69 2 4.06489 4.01813 4.13507 4.01 3.85525 3.91248 3.90526 3.85 3 3.55405 3.4914 3.49904 3.49 3.44719 3.4596 3.41904 3.41 4 4.04305 3.9647 3.92914 3.92 3.767 3.93498 3.6346 3.63 5 4.05137 4.06822 4.10674 4.05 3.94211 4.04581 4.03007 3.94 6 3.9101 3.98803 3.98933 3.91 4.0029 3.79775 3.85729 3.79 7 3.6859 3.82924 3.68646 3.68 3.63405 3.59553 3.62173 3.59 8 3.43645 3.53534 3.42145 3.42 3.3429 3.35006 3.26015 3.26 9 4.3345 4.4562 4.3421 4.3 4.1612 4.213 4.32418 4.16 10 4.2815 4.38258 4.3156 4.28 4.11174 4.16489 4.13702 4.11 11 4.61934 4.5112 4.50851 4.51 4.2246 4.2341 4.2481 4.22 12 4.11563 4.32702 4.14915 4.11 4.0685 4.10035 4.13683 4.06 13 3.97868 3.97063 4.01637 3.97 3.71664 3.85461 3.95581 3.71 14 3.83627 3.84581 3.70321 3.7 3.66 3.65627 3.643 3.64 15 3.77285 3.68247 3.7456 3.68 3.69368 3.62997 3.81572 3.62 16 4.4423 4.48638 4.4597 4.44 4.35758 4.3871 4.3943 4.35 17 3.90451 4.15137 3.96165 3.9 3.93202 3.92192 3.9234 3.92 18 4.00452 3.94961 3.9671 3.94 3.78562 4.00766 3.86311 3.78 19 3.91187 3.96961 3.9524 3.91 3.77599 3.78192 3.77822 3.77 20 3.8781 3.88257 3.93544 3.87 4.00 3.96453 4.1124 3.96 21 4.07998 4.21721 4.23091 4.08 4.01489 4.0547 4.02933 4.01 22 4.07359 4.18341 4.3458 4.07 3.97516 4.13433 3.83618 3.83 23 3.7747 3.86627 3.8159 3.77 4.02 4.13245 3.96784 3.96 24 3.92192 3.99192 4.97694 3.92 3.89377 3.83993 3.86533 3.83 25 3.88951 3.90776 3.7701 3.77 3.8629 3.86387 3.80655 3.8 26 4.10998 4.12776 4.3513 4.1 4.1 4.26751 4.6127 4.1

附錄九 實驗參與者敏捷跑紀錄表

敏捷跑前測(秒) 敏捷跑後測(秒)

號 第一次 第二次 第三次 最 佳 第一次 第二次 第三次 最 佳 1 16.47122 12.3559 12.56708 12.35 12.6169 12.57291 12.71356 12.57 2 13.88858 12.80458 13.58413 12.8 13.32089 12.90292 13.19811 12.19 3 12.54671 12.21809 12.52263 12.21 12.63976 12.4819 12.43872 12.43 4 13.48598 13.00968 12.71699 12.71 12.85282 12.55375 12.87819 12.55 5 14.06238 14.07025 13.87229 13.87 13.28052 13.16672 12.82634 12.82 6 15.89282 15.91 16.110 15.89 13.81469 13.93058 13.60941 13.6 7 12.41828 12.1179 12.09744 12.1 12.14596 12.1005 12.08096 12.08 8 17.54328 12.31883 12.14448 12.14 11.89271 11.96346 12.00049 11.89 9 15.66093 14.70212 13.8046 13.8 13.71228 14.06646 13.53987 13.54 10 14.34341 15.24926 14.96268 14.34 14.51341 13.13738 13.88182 13.88 11 14.15294 14.50813 14.49137 14.15 13.80275 14.78962 14.70786 13.8 12 14.56804 14.7748 14.71777 14.56 13.90719 14.03451 14.03562 13.9 13 13.79182 13.71839 13.93229 13.71 13.93729 13.5367 13.70885 13.53 14 12.74051 12.62726 12.85745 12.62 12.43708 12.09596 12.0044 12 15 13.0177 13.31293 13.67775 13.05 13.48311 13.03653 12.95209 12.95 16 14.99722 14.8512 14.89897 14.85 15.76362 14.83092 14.94018 14.83 17 15.39722 15.501 15.6251 15.39 14.26998 14.256 14.83156 14.25 18 13.46904 13.21366 13.21329 13.21 13.16644 13.19015 13.13718 13.13 19 13.65876 13.7409 13.55617 13.56 12.83393 13.29553 13.20357 12.83 20 13.22404 13.31968 12.99903 12.99 13.06848 13.1744 13.13388 13.06 21 14.42776 14.98823 14.42498 14.42 14.31572 14.23146 14.6123 14.23 22 12.99264 12.70393 12.68754 12.68 13.57087 13.6056 12.72384 12.72 23 13.1089 13.541 13.61237 13.1 14.27526 13.47534 13.0556 13 24 13.3332 13.23079 13.52673 13.23 12.96736 12.98505 12.98088 12.98 25 13.457 13.09598 13.27857 13.09 13.35033 13.45783 12.89005 12.89 26 13.90321 14.61693 13.9901 13.9 12.87532 12.8619 12.97718 12.86

附錄十 肌電測量登錄表

二、股直肌後測

三、大腿後肌前測

四、大腿後肌後測

五、腓腸肌前測

六、腓腸肌後測

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