第七章 結論與建議
第二節 未來研究
1. 雖然過去的文獻顯示 cadherin 的 mRNA 變化和其蛋白質表現都 是吻合的，不過我們將會再做 western blot analysis 來証明 cadherins 和 catenins 的蛋白質表現差異和 mRNA 的差異吻合。
2. 加 入 免 疫 染 色 (IHC) 的 部 分 ﹐進 一 部 分 析 β-catenin 的 localizaton, P- cad 及 N-cad 的 distribution。
3. 加 入 sex steriod receptors (estrogen, androge,and progesterone)這部分,觀察 sex setroid hormone 是否影響
cadherin, catenin 的表現。
參考文獻
1. MacMahon B. Risk factors for endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1974;2:122-129.
2. MacMahon B. Overreview of studies on endometrial cancer and other types of cancer in humans:Perspective of an epidemiologist. Semin Oncol 1997;21:S1-122-S1-139.
3. Antunes CM,Strolley PD, Rosenshein NB, Davies JL, Tonascia JA, Brown C, Burnett L, Rutledge A, Pokempner M, Garcia R.
Endometrial cancer estrogen use. N Engal J Med 1979;300:9-13.
4. Brinton LA, Berman ML, Mortel R. Reproductive, menstrual and medical risk factors for endometrial cancer:Results from a case-control study. J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:
1317-1325.
5. Gray LA,Christopherson WM, Hoover RN. Estrogens and endometrial carcinonma. Obstet Gynecol 1977;49:619- 621.
6. Horwitz RL, Feinstein AF. A lternative analytic methods for case-control studies of estrogens and endometrial cancer.
N Engal J Med 1978;299:1089-1094.
7. McDonald TW,Malkasian GD, Gaffey TA. Endometrial cancer associated with feminizing ovarian tumors and polycystic ovarian disease. Obstet Gynecol 1977;94:654-658.
8. Jordan VC, Assikis VJ. Endometrial carcinoma and tamoxifen :Clearing up a controversy.Clin Cancer Res 1995;1:467-472.
9. Silca EG, Tornis C, Mapica A, Mitchell MF. Uterine neoplasms in patients treated with Tamoxifen. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1995;23:179-183.
10. Barakat RR. The effects of tamoxifen on the endometrium.
Oncology 1995;9:139-140.
11. FisherB, Costantinoi JP, Wickerham DL. Tamoxifen for pre vention of breast cancer:Report of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P -I study.J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:1371-1388.
12. Lawrence C. Smoking, body weight, and early stage endometrial cancer. Cancer 1987;59:1665-1669.
13. Levi F, Franeschi S, Negri E, LaVecchia C. Dietary factors and the risk of endometrial cancer. Cancer 1993;71:3575
-3581.
14. Swanson CA, Potischman N, Wilbanks GD. Relationship of endometrium cancer risk to past and contemporary size and body fat distribution. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1993;2:321-327.
15. Feldman S, Cook EF, Harlow BL, Berkowitz RS. Predicting endometrial cancer among older women who present with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Gynecol Oncol 1995;56:376 -381.
16. Koss LG. Diagnosis of early endometrial cancer and precancerous stage.Ann Clin Lab Sci 1979;9:189-194.
17. A nderson B. Diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1986;13:739-750.
18. Giusa-Chiferi MG, Oncalves WJ, Baracat EC. Transvaginal ultrasound, uterine biopsy and hysteroscopy for postmenopausal bleeding. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1996;55:39-44.
19. Creasman W, Odicino F, Maisonneuve P. Carcinoma of the corpus uteri. Annual report on the results of treatment
in gynecologic cancer. J Epidemiol Biostat 1998;3:35-61.
20. Genest P. Prognostic factors in early carcinoma of the endometrium. Am J Clin Oncol 1987;10;71-77.
21. Kodama S, Kase H, Tanaka K, Matsui K. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in patients with endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Obstet 1996;53:23-30.
22. Christopherson WM, Connelly PJ,Alberhasky RC.Carcinoma of the endometrium: An analysis of prognostic factors in patients with favorable subtypes and stage I disease.
Cancer 1983;51:1705-1710.
23. Iversen OE. Flow cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid index:
a prognostic factor in endometrial carcinoma. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986;155:770-776.
24. Baak JPA, Snijders WP, Van Diest PJ. Confirmation of the prognostic value of the ECPI-1 score in FIGO stage I endometrial cancer patients with long follow up.Int J Gynecol Cancer 1995;5:112-116.
25. Britton LC, Wilson TO, Gaffey TA. DNA ploidy in endometrial carcinoma: Major objective prognostic
factor. Mayo Clin Proc 1990;65:643-650.
26. Creasman WT. Influence of cytoplasmic steroid receptor content on prognosis of early stage endometrial carcinoma. AM J Obstet Gynecol 1985;151:922-932.
27. Podratz KC, Wilson TO, Gaffey TA. DNA analysis facilitates the pretreatment identification of high-risk endometrial cancer patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;168:1213-1215.
28. Sorbe B, Risberg B, Thonthwaite J. Nuclear morphometry and DNA flow cytometry as prognostic methods for endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1994;4:94- 100.
29. Zachos G, Spandidos DA. Transcriptional regulation of the c-H-ras1 gene by the P53 protein is implicated in the development of human endometrial and ovarian tumours.
Oncogene 1998;16:3013-3017.
30. Hanson NB. Prognostic significance of lymph-vascular space invasion in stage I endometrial cancer. Cancer 1985;55:1753-1757.
31. Ehrlich CE, Young PCM, Stehman FB, Sutton GP, Alford WM.
Steroid receptors and clinical outcome in patients with adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988:158:796-807.
32. Kaupplia A. Oestrogen and progestin receptors as prognostic indicators in e ndometrial cancer. Acta Oncol 1989;28:561-566.
33. Patterson E. Management of stage I carcinoma of the uterus.
Obstet Gynecol 1982;59:755-758.
34. Rittenberg PV, Lotocki RJ, Heywood MS, Jones KD, Krepart GV. High-risk surgical stage 1 endometrial cancer:
outcomes with vault brachytherapy alone. Gynecol Oncol. 2003;89:288-294.
35. Behbakht K, Jordan EL, Casey C. Prognostic indicators of survival in advanced endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1994;55:363-367.
36. Burke TW.Selective pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy Oper Tech Gynecol Surg 1996;1:169-173.
37. Chen SS. Operative treatment in stage I endometrioid
carcinoma with deep myometrial invasion and/or grade3 tumor surgically limited to the corpus uteri: No recurrence with only primary surgery. Cancer 1989;
63:1843-1845.
38. Bertelsen K, Jakobsen A. Radiotherapy for gynecologic cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 1993;5:885-890..
39. Rose PG, Cha SD, Tak WK. Radiation therapy for surgically proven para-aortic node metastasis in endometrial cancer.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1992;24:229-233.
40. COSA-NZ-UK. Endometrial Cancer Study Groups: Adjuvant medroxyprogesterone acetate in high risk endometrial cancer. In J Gynecol Cancer 1998;8:387-391.
41. Lewis GC, Slack NH, Mortel R. Adjuvant progesterone therapy in primary definitive treatment of endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1974;2:368-376.
42. Mass Hb. Chemotherapy of metastatic endometrial cancer . Semin Oncol 1994;21:107-113.
43. Edmonson JH, Krook JE, Hilton JF, Malkasian GD, Everson LK, Jefferies JA, Mailliard JA.Randomized phase II
studies of cisplatin and a combination of cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-cisplatin (CAP) in patients with progestin-refractory advanced endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1987; 28:20-24 .
44. Chao DT, Korsmeyer SJ. BCL-2family:regulators of cell death. Annu Rev Immunol 1998;16:395-419.
45. Green DR, Reed JC. Mitochondria and apoptosis. Science 1998;281:1309-1312.
46. Jones PA, Buckely JD, Henderson BE, Ross RK, and Pike MC. From gene to carcinogen: a rapidly evolving field in molecular epidemiology. Cancer Res 1991;51:3617-
3620.
47. Lynch HT, Fusaro RM, Lynch JF. Cancer genetics in the new era of molecular biology. Ann NY Acad Sci 1997;833:1-
28.
48. Clezardin P. Recent insights into the role of integrins in cancer metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:541-548.
49. Sanders RJ,Mainiero F, Giancotti FG. The role of integrins in tumorgenesis and metastasis. Cancer Invest
1998;16:329-344.
50. Risinger JI, Berhuck A, Kohler MF, Boyd J. Mutations of the E-cadherin gene in human gynecologic cancers.Nat Genet 1994;7:98-102.
51.Nezza LA, Jobling T, Salamonsen LA. Progestin suppresses matrix metalloproteinase production in endometrial cancer . Gynecol Oncol 2002 ;89(2):325-333.
52. Ueno H, Yamashita K, Azumano I, Inoue M,Okada Y. Enhanced p r o d u c t i o n a n d a c t i v a t i o n o f m a t r i x metalloproteinase-7( matrilysin) in human endometrial carcinomas. Int J Cancer 1999 22;84(5);470 -477.
53.Wei LH, Kuo ML, Chen CA, Chou CH, Lai KB, Lee CN, Hsieh CY.Interleukin-6 promotes cervical tumor growth by VEGF- dependent angiogenesis via a STAT3 pathway. Oncogene 2003 ;22(10):1517-1527.
54. Price JT, Bonovich MT, Kohn EC. The biochemistry of cancer dissemination. Cirt Rev Biochem Mol Biol 1997;332:175 -253.
55. Woodhouse EC, Chuaqui RF, Liotta LA. General
mechanisms of metastasis. Cancer 1997;80:1529-15 37.
56. Hirao M, Nakagawara A,Oosaki Y, Hirono M, Yoshihara T. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A/VEGF-1 and VEGF-C/VEGF-2) in postmenopausal uterine endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2001 ;80 (2):181-188.
57. Kumor R, Fidler IJ. Angiogenic molecules and cancer mestastasis. In Vivo 1998;12:27-34.
58. Fujimoto J, Ichigo S, Sakagichi H, Hirose R,Tamaya T. Expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) and its mRNA in uterine endometrial cancer. Cancer Lett 1988;14:115-120.
59. Yabushita H, Nogushi M, Kinoshita S, Kishida T, Sawaguichi K, Nogushi M. Angiostatin expression in endometrial cancer. Oncol Rep 2002 ;9(6):1193-1196.
60. Lukes AS,Kohler MF, Pieper CF,Kerns BJ,Bentley R, Rodrigues GC. Multivariable analysis of DNA ploidy, p53, and HER-2/neu as prognostic factors in
endoemtrial cancer. Cancer 1994;73:2380-2385.
61. Berchuck A, Rodriguez G, Kinney RB, Soper JT, Dodge RK, Clarke-Pearson DL. Overexpression of HER-2/neu in endometrial cancer is asscociated with advanced stage disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991;164:15-21.
62. Monk Bj, Chaoman JA, Johnson GA, Brightman BK, Wilczynski SP, Schell MJ. Correlation of c-myc and HER-2/neu amplification and expression with histopathologic variables in uterine corpus cancer.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;171:1193-1198.
63. Enomoto T, Inoue M, Perantoni AO, Erakawa O, Rice JM.
K-ras activation in neoplasms of the human female reproductive tract. Cancer Res 1990;50:6139-6145.
64. Borst MP, Baker VV, Dixon D, Hatch KD, Shingleton HM,Miller DM. Oncogene alterations in endometrial carcinoma.Gynecol Oncol 1990;38:346-366.
65. Fukuchi T, Sakamoto M, Tsuda H, Maruyama K, Nozawa S, Hirohashi S. Beta-catenin mutation in carcinoma of the uterine endometrium. Cancer Res 1998;58:35
26-3528.
66. Kohler MF, Berchuck A, Davidoff AM, Humphrey PA, Dodge RKI, Iglehart JD. Overexpression and mutation of p53 in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Res 1992;52:1622-1627.
67. Tashrio H, Blazes MS, Wu R, Cho KR, Bose , Wang SI.
Mutations in PTEN are frequent in endometrial carcinoma but rare in other common gynecological malign ancies. Cancer Res 1997;57:3935-3940.
68. Blaschuk OW, Sulllivan R, David S, Pouliot Y.
Identification of cadherin cell adhesion recognition sequency. Dev Biol 1990;130:227-229.
69. Nose A, Tsuji K and Takeichi M. Localization of specificity determining sites in cadherin cell adhesion molecules. Cell 1990; 61:147-155.
70. Ozawa M, Ringwald M and Kemler R. Uvomorulin catenin complex formation is regulated by a specific domain in the cytoplasmic region of the cell adhesion molecules.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990;87:4246-425
0.
71. Hirano S, Kimoto N, Shimoyama Y, Hirohashi S and Takeichi M.Identification of a neural a catenin as a key regulator of cadherin function and multic- ellular organization. Cell 1992;70:293-301.
72. Ivanov DB, Philippova MP, and Tkachuk VA. Structure and functions of classical cadherins.Biochemistry
2001;66(10):1174-1186.
73. Shapiro L. Structural basis of cell-cell adhesion by cadherins. Nature 1995;374:327-337.
74. Patel DJ, Gumbiner BM. Cell-celll recognition:
Zipping together a cell adhesion interface. Nature 1995;374:306-307.
75. Kemler R. From cadherins to catenins: cytoplasmic protein interactions and regulation of cell adhesion. Trends Genet 1993;9:317-321.
76. Kndsen KA, Wheelock MJ. Plakoglobin or an 83-kD homologue distinct from beta-catenin interacts with E-cadherin and N -cadherin. J Cell Biol
1992;118:671-679.
77. Reynolds AB, Herrbert L, Cleveland JL, Berg ST ,Gaut JR. P120, a novel substrate of protein tyrosine kinase receptors and of p60v-src is related to cadherin-binding factors beta-catenin,plakoglobin and armadillo. Oncogene 1992;7:2439-2445.
78. Hyafil F, Babknet C, Jacob F. Cell- cell interactions in early embryogenesis: a molecular approach to the role of calcium. Cell 1981;26:44 7-454.
79. Takeichi M. The cadherins : cell –cell adhesion molecules controlling animal morphogenesis. Dev- elopement 1988;102:639-655.
80. Kadokawa Y, Fuketa I, Nose A, Takeichi M, Nakatsuji N. Expression of E - and P-cadherin mouse embryos during the preimplantation period. Dev Growth Diff 1989;31:23-30.
81. Bohm M, Tozeck B, Birchmeier W, Wieland L.
Differences of E-cadherin expression levels and
patterns of primary human lung cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 1994;12:55-62.
82. Kadowaki T, Shiozaki H, Inoue M, Tamura S, Oka H, Doki Y, Iihara K, Matsui S, Iwaszaea T, Nagafuchi A.E-cadherin and alpha-catenin expression in human esophageal cancer. Cancer Res 1994;54:291-296.
83. Yasui W, Kuniyasu H, and Akamaa Y l. Expression of E-cadherin, alpha-and beta-catenins in human gastric carcinomas:correlation with histology and tumor progression. Oncology reports 1995;2:11-117.
84. Van AJ, Cuvelier CA, and De WN.Immunohistochemical analysis of E-cadherin expression in human colorectal tumors. Pathol Res Pract 1993;189:975 -978.
85. Bringuier PP, Umbas R, Schaafsma HE, Karthaus HF, Debruyne FM, Schalken JA. Decreased E-cadherin
immunoreactivity correlates with poor survival in patients with bladder tumors. Cancer Res 1993;53 :3241-3245.
86. Dorkin TJ, Robson CN, Neal DE. The molecular pathology of urological malignancies. J pathol.
1997;183:380-387.
87. Pizarro A, BenitoN , Navarro P, Palacios J, Cano A, Quintanilla M, Contreras F, Gamallo C. E-cadherin expression in basal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1994;69:157-162.
88. Takayama T, Shiozaki H, Inoue M et al. Expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin molecules in human breast cancer tissues and association with clinicapathological features. Int J Oncol 1994;
5:775-780.
89. Zarka TA, Han AC, Edelson MI, Rosenblum NG.
Expression of cadherins,p53, and BCL2 in small cell carcinomas of the cervix:Potential tumor suppressor role for N-cadherin. Int J Gynecol cancer . 2003;13(2):240-243.
90. Shinoura N, Paradies NE, Warnick RE, Chen H, L arson JJ, Tew JJ, Simon M, Lynch RA . Expression
of N-cadherin and α-catenin in astrocytoma and gioblastomas . Br J Cancer 1995;72:627-633.
91. Nieman MT,Prudiff RS, Johnson KR, Wheelock MJ.
N-cadherin promotes motility in human breast cancer cells regardless of their E-cadherin expression.J Cell Biol 1999;147(3):631-644.
92. Soler AP, Knudsen KA, Salazar H, Han AC, Keshgegian AA. P-cadherin expression in breast carcinoma indicates poor survival .Cancer 1999;86:1263-1272.
93. Shimoyama Y, Takeda H, Yoshihara S, Kitajima M.
Biochemical characterization and functional analysis of two type II classic cadherins, cadherin-6 and -14,and comparison with E -cadherin.
J boil Chem 1999;274(17):11987-11994.
94. Suzuki S, Sano K, Tanihara H. Diversity of the cadherin family: evidence for eight new cadherins in nervous tissue. Cell Regul 1991;2:261-270.
95. MacCalman CD,Getsios S, Chen GT.Type 2 cadherins in the human endometrium and placenta:their putative
roles in human implantation and placentation. Am J reprod Immunol 1998;39(2):96-107.
96. Marthhens V, Padilla F, Lambert M, Mege RM.
Complementary expression and regulation of cadherin -6 and 11 during specific steps of motoneuron differentiation. Mol cell Neurosci 2002;20(3):458-475.
97. Getsios S, Chen GT,Stephenson MD, Leclerc P, Blaschuk OW, MacCalman CD. Regulated expression of cadherin-6 and cadherin-11 in the glandular epithelial and stromal cells of the human endometrium. Dev Dyn. 1998;211(3);238-247.
98. Chen GT, Getsios S, MacCalman CD. Cadherin-11 is a h o r m o na l l y r e g u l a t e d c e l l u l a r m a r k e r o f decidualization in human endometrial stromal cells. Mol Reprod Dev.1999;52(2):158-165.
99. Getsios S, MacCalman CD. Cadherin-11 modulates the terminal differentiation and fusion of human
trophoblastic cells in vitro. Dev Biol 2003;
257(1):41-54
100. Blaschke S, Mueller CA, Markvic-Lipkovski J, Puch S, Miosge N, Becker V, Muller GA, Klein G.
Expression of cadherin-6 in renal cell carcinoma and fetal kidney. Int J Cancer 2002; 101(4);327
-334.
101. Shimazui T, Oosterwijk E, Akaza H, Bringuier P, Ruijter E, van Berkel H, Wakka JO,van Bokhoven A, Debruyne FM, Schalken JA. Expression of adherin-6 as a novel diagnostic tool to predict prognosis of patients with E-cadherin-abscent renal cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4(10):2419-2424.
102. Sellar GC, Li L, Eatt KP, Nelkin BD, Rabiasz GJ, Stronach EA, Miller EP, Porteous DJ, Smyth JF, Gabra H. BARX2 induces cadherin 6 expression and is functional suppressor of ovarian cancer progression. Cancer Res 2001;61(19):6977-6981.
103. Roman GJ. Castillejo JA, Jimenez A, Cervantes F, Boque C, Hermosin L, Leon A, Granena A, Colomer
D, Heiniger A, Torres A. Cadherin-13 , a mediater of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion , is silenced by methylation in chronic myeloid leukemia and correlates with pretreatment risk profile and cytogenetic response to interferon alfa. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(8):1472-1479.
104.Schwarz MA. Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes:
constitutive molecular components. Annue Rev Cell Biol 1990;6:461-491.
105. Suzuke ST. Protocadherins and diversity of the cadherin superfamily. J cell Sci 1996;109:260 9-2611.
106. Takeuchi T, Liang SB, Ohtsuki Y. Downregulation of expression of novel cadherin molecule, T-cadherin, in basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
Mol Carciog 2002;34(4): 173-179.
107. Kawakami M, Staub J, Cliby W, Hartmann L, Smith DI, Shridhar V. Involvement of H -cadherin (CDH13) on 16q in the region of frequent deletion in
ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 1999;15(4):715-720.
108.Xiang YY, Tanaka M, Suzuki M, Igarashi H, Kiyokawa E, Naito Y, Ohtawara Y, Shen Q,Sugimura H, Kino I. Isolation of complementary DNA encoding K-cadherin,a novel rat cadherin preferentially expressed in fetal kidney and kidney carcinoma.
Cancer Res 1994;54(11):3034-3041.
109. Munemitsu S, Albert I, Souza B, Rubinfeld B, Polakis P. Regulation of intracellular β-catenin levels by the adenomatous polyposis coli(APC) tumor-suppressor protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:3046-3050.
110. Peifer M. Cell adhesion and signal transduction.
The armadillo connection.Trends Cell Biol 1995;5:224-229.
111. Polakis P. Wnt signaling and cancer. Genes &
Dev.2000;14:1837-1851.
112. Morin PJ. β-catenin signaling and cancer . Bioessays 1999;21:1021-1030.
113. Tetsu O, McCormick F. β-catenin regulates expression of cyclin D1 in colon carcinoma cells.
Nature 1999;398:422-426.
114. Beavon IRG. The E-cadherin-catenin complex in tumor metastasis: structure, function and regulation.Eur J Cancer 2000;36:1607-1620.
115. Saito T, Nishimura M, Yamasaki H, Judo R.
Hypermethylation in prometer region of E-cadherin gene is associated with tumor dedifferention and myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer 2003;97 (4):1002-1009.
116. Sakuragi N, Nishiya M, Ikeda K, Ohkouch T, Furth EE, Hareyama H, Satoh C, Fujimoto S. Decreased E-cadherin expression in endometrial carcinoma is associated with tumor dedifferentiation and deep myometrial invasioln. Gynecol Oncol 1994;53(2):183-189.
117. Nomura E, Sakuragi N, Fujimoto S. Abnormal
E-cadherin expression as a risk factor for myometrial invasion and lymph node metastasis in endometrial carcinoma. Nippon Rinsho 1995;53(7):1607-1612.
118. Miyamoto S, Baba H, Juroda S, Kaibuchi K, Fukuda T, Maehara Y, Saito T. Changes in E-cadherin associated with cytoplasmic molecules in well and poorly differentiated endometrial cancer. Br J Cancer 2000;83(9):1168-1175.
119. Leblanc M, Poncelet C, Soriano D, Walker-Combrouze F, Madelenat P, Scoazec JY, Darai E. Alteration of CD44 and cadherins expression:possible association with augmented aggressiveness and invasiveness of endometrial carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2001;438(1):78-75.
120. Holcomb K, Delatorre R, Pedemonte B, Mcleod C, Anderson L,Chambers J. E -cadherin expression in endometrioid ,papillary serous ,and clear cell carcinoma of the endometrium. Obstet Gynecol
2002;100(6):1290-1295.
121. Schlosshauer PW, Ellenson LH, Soslow RA.
Beta-catenin and E-cadherin expressioln patterns in high-grade endometrial carcinoma are associated with histological subtype. Mod Pathol 2002;15(10):1032-1037.
122. Demopoulos RI, Mesia AF, Mittal K, Vamvakas E.
Immunohistochemical comparison of uterine papillary serous and papillary endometrioid carcinoma:clues to pathogenesis. Int J gynecol Pathol 1999;18(3):233-237.
123. Moreno-Bueno G, Hardisson D, Sarrio D, Sanchez C, Cassia R, Prat J, Herman JG, Esteller M, Matias-Guiu X,Palacios J. Abnormalities of E- and P -cadherin and catenin (beta-,gamma-catenin, and p120)expression in endometrial cancer and endometrial atypical hyperplasia.J Pathol 2003;199(4):471-478.
124. Nei H, Saito T, Yamasaki H, Mzumoto H, Ito E, Kudo
R. Nuclear localization of beta-catenin in normal and carcinogenic endometrium. Mol Carcinog 1999;25(3):207-218.
125. Yutaka S, Setsuo H. Expression of E - and P-cadhe rin in Gastric carcinoma. Cancer Res 1991; 51:
2185-2192.
126. Marvin TN, Ryan SP, Keith RJ, and Margaret JW.
N-Cadherin promotes motility in human breast cancer cells regardless of their E -Cadherin expression. J. Cell Biol 1999;147:631-643.
127. Fujimoto J, Ichigo S, Hori M, Tamaya T. Expression of E-cadherin and alpha- and beta-catenin mRNAs in uterine endometrial cancers. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol1998;19(1):78-81.
128. Nei H, Saito T, Tobioka H, Itoh E, Mori M, Kudo R. Expression of component demosomal proteins in uterine endometrial carcinoma and their relation to cellular differentiation. Cancer 1996;78:461-470.
129. Kim YT, Choi EK,Kim DK,Kim DK,Kim SH,Yang WI. Expression of cadherin and α-, β-, γ- Catenin proteins in endometrial carcinoma. Yo- Nsei Med J 2002;43(6):701-711.
130. Noyes RW, Hertig AT, Rock J. Dating the endometri- al biopsy. Fertility Steril 1950;1:3-25.
131.Chen GTC, Tai CT, Yeh LS, Yang TC, Tsai HD. Identification of the cadherin subtypes present in the human peritoneum and endometriotic lesions: Potential role for P-cadherin in the development of endomet- riosis. Mol Reprod Dev 2002;62:289-294.
132. Blaschuk OW, Rowlands TM. Cadherins as modulators of ngiogeneis and the structural integrity of blood vessels. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2000;19:1-5.
133. Peralta Solar A, Knudsen K, Salazar H, Han AC, Keshgegian AA. P-cadherin expression in breast carcinoma indicates poor survival. Cancer 1999;86:1263-1272.
134. Rasbridge SA, Gillett CE, Sampson SA, Walsh FS,
Millis RR. Epithelial (E-) and placental (P-) cadherin cell adhesion molecule expression in breast carcinoma. J Pathol 1993;169:245-250.
作者簡歷
姓 名:張穎宜
出生日期:西元 1969 年 8 月 30 日 籍 貫:臺灣臺中市
學經歷:中國醫藥學院醫學士(1988~1995)
中國醫藥學院醫學研究所碩士(2001~2003)
中國醫藥學院附設醫院婦產科住院醫師(1995~1999) 中國醫藥學院附設醫院婦產科研究員醫師(1999~2001) 中國醫藥學院附設醫院婦產科主治醫師(2001~迄今)